GB/T 14988-2008 English PDF

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GB/T 14988-2008: Hysteresis alloy
Status: Valid

GB/T 14988: Historical versions

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
GB/T 14988-2008	229	Add to Cart	3 days	Hysteresis alloy	Valid
GB/T 14988-1994	239	Add to Cart	2 days	Cold-rolled strips for hysteresis alloys	Obsolete

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 14988-2008 (GB/T14988-2008)
Description (Translated English): Hysteresis alloy
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: H57
Classification of International Standard: 77.140.01
Word Count Estimation: 10,114
Date of Issue: 2008-09-11
Date of Implementation: 2009-05-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 14988-1994; GB/T 14990-1994
Regulation (derived from): National Standard Approval Announcement 2008 No.16 (Total No.129)
Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary: This standard specifies the size of the hysteresis alloys, shape, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality certification, etc. This standard applies to the production of hysteresis motor hysteresis brake rotors and iron cobalt vanadium series 2J7, 2J9, 2J10, 2J11, 2J12, iron- cobalt- nickel- vanadium 2J4, nickel- iron-manganese alloy 2J53 hysteresis cold rolled strip, iron, cobalt phase series 2J21, 2J23, 2J25, 2J27 alloy forging rolled hysteresis.

GB/T 14988-2008: Hysteresis alloy

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Hysteresis alloy ICS 77.140.01 H57 National Standards of People's Republic of China GB/T 1498-2008 Replacing GB/T 1498-1994, GB/T 1490-1994 Hysteresis alloy 2008-2009-11 release 2009-05-01 implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Published by China National Standardization Administration

Foreword

This standard is GB/T 1498-1994 "Hydroalloy Cold Rolled Strip" and GB/T 1490-1994 "Cobalt-Molybdenum Hysteretic Alloy Hot Rolled (or Forging) Bars "The two revised standards. This standard replaces GB/T 1498-1994 "Hydroalloy Cold Rolled Strips" and GB/T 1490-1994 "Cobalt-Molybdenum Hysteretic Alloy Hot Rolled Forging) bar. Compared with GB/T 1498-1994 and GB/T 1490-1994, the main changes in this standard are as follows. --- Modify the standard name to "hysteresis alloy"; --- Added the "normative references" and "order content" sections; --- Adjust the Si and Mn content in the chemical composition of the Fe-Co-V alloys from the original ≤0.7% to ≤0.5%; --- The smelting method was changed to the production plant's choice; --- The thickness deviation of the cold rolled strip is changed from negative deviation to positive and negative deviation, and the deviation value is adjusted appropriately; --- After the unit of the hysteresis parameter has been changed from the centimeter, gram, and second system to the international unit system, the formula for calculating the hysteresis parameter has also been changed accordingly; --- Appendix C increased the Curie temperature. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix, Appendix B and Appendix C are informative appendixes. This standard is proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Steel Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted. Shaanxi Precision Alloy Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standard Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard. Zhang Ailing, Liu Yushu, Liu Baoshi. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are. --- GB/T 1498-1994; --- GB/T 1490-1994. GB/T 1498-2008 Hysteresis alloy

1 Scope

This standard specifies the size, shape, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, markings and quality certificates of hysteresis alloys. This standard applies to iron-cobalt-vanadium series 2J7, 2J9, 2J10, 2J11, 2J12, iron-cobalt for making hysteresis motor rotor and hysteresis brake Nickel-vanadium 2J4, iron-manganese-nickel 2J53 hysteresis alloy cold-rolled strip, iron-cobalt-molybdenum series 2J21, 2J23, 2J25, 2J27 hysteresis alloy hot-forged rolled material.

2 Normative references

The clauses in the following documents have become the clauses of this standard after being referenced. For dated references, all subsequent documents The amendments (excluding the content of errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard, however, all parties that have reached an agreement in accordance with this standard are encouraged to study Is the latest version of these files available? For undated references, the latest version applies to this standard. GB/T 223.3 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys GB/T 223.4 Determination of manganese content in alloy steels Potentiometric or visual titration GB/T 223.5 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys—Reduction silicate molybdate spectrophotometry for determination of dissolved silicon content GB/T 22.13 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys Determination of vanadium content by ferrous ammonium sulfate capacity method GB/T 223.14 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys Tantalum reagent extraction spectrophotometric determination of vanadium content GB/T 223.220 Methods for chemical analysis of steel and alloys-Potentiometric titration method for the determination of cobalt GB/T 223.32 Determination of nickel content in steel and alloys Butadione oxime spectrophotometric method GB/T 222.325 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys Determination of nickel content by butanedione oxime gravimetric method GB/T 222.26 Determination of molybdenum content in steels and alloys thiocyanate spectrophotometric method GB/T 22.28 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy α-benzoin oxime gravimetric method for determination of molybdenum content GB/T 223.43 Determination of tungsten content in iron and steel and alloys Gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys Determination of phosphorus content by butyl acetate extraction spectrophotometry GB/T 223.63 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys Determination of manganese content by sodium periodate (potassium) photometric method GB/T 223.67 Determination of sulfur content in steel and alloys Methylene blue photometric method GB/T 223.72 Determination of sulfur content in steel and alloys Gravimetric method GB/T 3657 DC magnetic properties measurement method of soft magnetic alloy GB/T 20066 Sampling and sample preparation methods for the determination of chemical composition of steel and iron (GB/T 2006-2006, ISO 14284. (1996, IDT) GB/T 2023 Determination of total carbon and sulfur content of iron and steel. Infrared absorption method after combustion in high frequency induction furnace (conventional method) ＹB/T 5242 General rules for packaging, marking and quality certificates of precision alloys ３ Order content A contract or order placed under this standard shall include the following. a) standard number; b) alloy grade; c) delivery weight; d) size; e) delivery status; f) special requirements. GB/T 1498-2008 ４ Dimension, shape and allowable deviation 4.1 Dimensions and tolerances 4.1.1 The size and allowable deviation of cold-rolled strip shall comply with the requirements in Table 1. According to the requirements of the demander, after consultation between the supplier and the demander, Table 1 can be supplied Cold-rolled strip outside the specified size. Table 1 Unit is mm Nominal thickness Nominal width Size tolerance Nominal length not less than 0.2 to 0.3 ＞ 0.3 ～ 0.4 ＞ 0.4 ～ 0.5 ＞ 0.5 ～ 0.7 ＞ 0.7 ～ 1.0 ± 0.015 ± 0.020 ± 0.025 ± 0.030 ± 0.035 50 ～ 120 ± 0.5 300 4.1.2 Hot forged (or rolled) bar dimensions and allowable deviations shall meet the requirements of Table 2. According to the demand side's requirements, after consultation between the supply and demand sides, it can supply Table 2 specifies rods other than the specified size. Table 2 Unit is mm Hot forged bar Nominal diameter diameter allowable deviation nominal length Nominal diameter diameter allowable deviation nominal length 31 ～ 45 ＋ 2-1 ＞ 45 ～ 70 ± 2 ＞ 70 ～ 100 ＋ 3-2 ≥200 10 ～ 20 ± 0.4 ≥500 ＞ 20 ～ 30 ± 0.5 ≥300 4.2 appearance 4.2.1 Alloy strips shall be delivered in coils, and hot-rolled alloy bars shall be delivered in straight strips. Those with a diameter of less than 14 mm may be delivered in discs. Demand side When it is required to deliver on a straight bar or a fixed scale and a double scale, it should be specified in the contract. 4.2.2 The sickle bend per meter of alloy strip is not more than 3mm. 4.2.3 The bending degree per meter of hot-rolled alloy bar is not more than 4mm. The bending degree of alloy forgings per meter length is not more than 5mm. 4.2.4 The out-of-roundness of the alloy bar shall not exceed 75% of the allowable tolerance.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Smelting method Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the smelting method shall be chosen by the manufacturer. 5.2 Alloy grade and chemical composition The chemical composition (smelting composition) of the alloy grade should meet the requirements in Table 3. When the hysteresis of the alloy meets the requirements of this standard, the chemical The composition is allowed to deviate from the range specified in Table 3. GB/T 1498-2008 Table 3 category alloy Grade Chemical composition (mass fraction) /% CP S Si Mn no greater than Ni WW Mo V Co Fe Iron Cobalt Nickel Vanadium 2J4 0.1120.2050.0200.50 50.50 5.30 to 6.70--3.50 to 4.50 44.0 to 46,000 Iron cobalt vanadium 2J7 0.1120.2050.0200.50 0.50 ≤0.70--6.50 to 7.50 51.000 to 53,000 2J9 10.120.050.0200.50 50.50 ≤0.70--8.50 to 9.50 51.000 to 53.000 2J100.120.205.00200.50 0.50 ≤0.70--9.50 ～ 10.50501.500 ～ 53.000 2J11.10.1205.0020.50.50 0.50 ≤0.70--10.50 to 11.50501.500 to 53.000 2J120.120.205.00200.50 0.50 ≤0.70--11.50 ～ 12.50501.000 ～ 53.000 Iron cobalt molybdenum 2J210.030.025.02.050.30.10 ~ 0.50--10.50 ~ 11.50-11.000 ~ 13,000 2J230.030.0205.0205.300.10 to 0.50--12.50 to 13.50-11.000 to 13,000 2J250.030.025.02.050.30.10 ~ 0.50--14.50 ~ 15.50-11.00 ~ 13,000 2J270.030.0205.0205.300.10 to 0.50--16.50 to 17.50-11.000 to 13,000 Iron manganese nickel molybdenum 2J53a 0.0300.0300.50.50 11.50 ～ 12.50 3.000 ～ 4.00-2.50 ～ 3.50--Balance In the a2J53 alloy, 1.30% to 1.70% of vanadium is allowed to replace the same amount of molybdenum. 5.3 Delivery status The bars are delivered in the hot forged (rolled) state and the strips are delivered in the cold rolled state. If the purchaser has special requirements, it shall be indicated in the contract. 5.4 Hysteresis performance After heat treatment of alloy samples, the hysteresis performance shall meet the requirements of Table 4. Table 4 Alloy grade Corresponding to the maximum magnetic permeability point Magnetic field strength/Hμ / (KA/m) Corresponding to the maximum magnetic permeability point Magnetic flux density/Bμ / Specific hysteresis loss Pμ ／ (KJ/m3) Convexity factor Kμ 2J4 3.98 to 5.17 1.3 to 1.6 ≥ 15.0 ≥ 0.62 2J7 6.37 to 9.55 1.0 to 1.3 ≥ 19.0 ≥ 0.61 2J9 8.75 to 11.94 0.9 to 1.25 ≥22.0 ≥0.59 2J10 14.32 to 18.30 0.9 to 1.2 ≥ 30.0 ≥ 0.58 2J11 15.92 ～ 20.69 0.9 ～ 1.2 ≥35.0 ≥0.57 2J12 19.89 to 27.85 0.8 to 1.1 ≥ 45.0 ≥ 0.56 2J21 9.52 ～ 12.73 1.0 ～ 1.3 ≥20.0 ≥0.46 2J23 14.32 ～ 17.51 1.0 ～ 1.3 ≥30.0 ≥0.48 2J25 17.51 ~ 22.28 0.9 ~ 1.2 ≥38.0 ≥0.50 2J27 23.87 to 28.65 0.9 to 1.2 ≥ 47.0 ≥ 0.45 2J53 6.37 to 11.94 0.6 to 0.9 ≥ 10.0 ≥ 0.45 GB/T 1498-2008 5.5 Surface quality 5.5.1 Cold rolled strip The surface of the cold-rolled strip should be smooth and clean, and no defects such as cracks, delamination, scars and coarse burrs are allowed. Without affecting the use, Local small scars, slight scratches, indentations, and pits are allowed on the surface, but these defects should not exceed the thickness deviation of the finished product. 5.5.2 Hot forged (rolled) material There should be no cracks, folds, scales, heavy skins, dents, ears and other defects on the surface of the hot forged (rolled) material. Local defects should be removed by trimming. In addition, the defect removal depth should be within the range of the allowable deviation of the bar diameter, and the individual depth does not exceed half of the allowable deviation of general defects. Without affecting In the case of use, no trimming is required.

6 Test method

The performance test methods of each batch of alloys shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Table 5. Table 5 Test method for sampling number of sampling items 1 Chemical composition 1/furnace GB/T 2006 GB/T 223, GB/T 2023 or general method 2 Hysteresis performance GB/T 3657 and Appendix A in any part of the finished product 3 Dimensions and Shapes-Universal Measuring Tools 4 Surface quality by branch-visual inspection

7 Inspection rules

7.1 Inspection and acceptance Inspection and acceptance of finished products shall be performed by the supplier's quality and technical supervision department. 7.2 Group rules The finished products shall be submitted for inspection and acceptance in batches. The alloy composition of the goods state. 7.3 Sampling quantity and location The sampling quantity and sampling location of each batch of alloy material shall meet the requirements in Table 5. 7.4 Reinspection and determination rules 7.4.1 When the hysteresis performance test result of the alloy is unsatisfactory, it is allowed to retake a double number of samples for retesting. If the sample fails, the batch of alloy is a failed product. However, the supplier may change the heat treatment system as a new batch and resubmit for inspection. 7.4.2 If the size, shape and surface quality are unqualified, it shall be judged as unqualified. 8 Packaging, marking and quality certificate The packaging, marking and quality certificate of the finished alloy material shall comply with the relevant provisions of QB/T 5242. GB/T 1498-2008

Appendix A

(Normative appendix) Preparation of Hysteresis Alloy Samples and Testing and Calculation Methods of Hysteresis Parameters A. 1 Sample preparation A. 1.1 The specimen shall be made into a ring with an outer diameter of 40 mm and an inner diameter of 32 mm. The ratio of the average diameter to the radial width can also be used. For other ring sizes of 8, the thickness of the ring is 2mm ~ 5mm. Hot rolled (forged) material with a diameter of less than 40 mm allows sampling on the intermediate billet. For 2J25 and 2J27 alloys, rod-shaped samples are allowed for inspection, but the aspect ratio of the samples should not be less than 5. The two ends of the strip specimen shall be mutually Parallel and perpendicular to the axis. A. 1.2 The sample shall be flat, clean and free of burrs. After heat treatment, the oxide scale shall be removed. A. 2 Testing and calculation methods of hysteresis parameters A. 2.1 The cross-sectional area S0 of the ring sample is recommended to be calculated according to formula (A.1) S0 = W/πāγ (A.1) In the formula. S0 --- cross-sectional area of the sample, in square meters (m2); W --- sample mass, unit is kilogram (kg); ā --- average diameter of the sample, in meters (m); γ --- The density of alloy, the unit is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3). If the above method is not used, the thickness of the sample can be measured piece by piece with a precision micrometer to calculate the cross-sectional area. A. 2.2 The sample, measurement winding and magnetized winding shall be insulated from each other, and the measurement winding shall be wound on the inner layer. A. 2.3 When testing, first determine the value of Hμ, and then make a hysteresis loop under this magnetic field to find other hysteresis parameters. A. 2.4 Hysteresis parameters of the alloy are calculated according to formula (A.2) and formula (A.3). Pμ = S · Kн · Kв (A.2) Kμ = πPμ/HμBμ (A.3) In the formula. S --- The measured area of the hysteresis loop, the unit is square meter (m2); Kн --- the calibration coefficient of the magnetic field strength coordinate; Kв --- scaling coefficient of magnetic flux density coordinate; Kμ --- the convex coefficient corresponding to the maximum magnetic permeability point; Pμ --- the specific hysteresis loss corresponding to the maximum permeability point, the unit is kilojoules per cubic meter (kJ/m3); Hμ --- the magnetic field strength corresponding to the maximum magnetic permeability point, the unit is kiloampere per meter (kA/m); Bμ --- the magnetic flux density corresponding to the maximum magnetic permeability point, the unit is special (T). GB/T 1498-2008

Appendix B

(Informative appendix) Recommended heat treatment system for alloy samples B. 1 The alloy cold rolled strip samples are recommended according to Table B. 1 prescribed heat treatment system. Table B. 1 Alloy grade tempering temperature/℃ holding time/min cooling method 2J4 600 ～ 660 2J7 580 ～ 660 2J9 580 ～ 640 2J10 580 ～ 640 2J11 580 ～ 640 2J12 580 ～ 640 2J53 500 ～ 560 20 ～ 60 air cooling B. 2 The alloy hot forging (rolling) sample is recommended according to Table B. 2 prescribed heat treatment system. Table B. 2 Alloy grade Quenching and tempering Heating temperature/℃ (In a protective atmosphere) Holding time / min Quenching medium Tempering temperature ／ Holding time / min cooling method 2J21 12200 ± 10 2J23 12200 ± 10 2J25 1250 ± 10 2J27 1250 ± 10 15 ～ 30 oil or boiling water 625 ～ 700 625 ～ 700 625 ～ 725 625 ～ 725 60 ～ 120 air cooling GB/T 1498-2008

Appendix C

(Informative appendix) Other properties of the alloy C. 1 Other properties of the alloy are listed in Table C. 1. Table C. 1 Alloy grade density γ ／ (G/cm) 3 Curie Point Tc / Thermal expansion coefficient α （20 ℃ ～ 300 ℃） × 10-/6/℃ Resistivity ρ ／ (ΜΩ · cm) Young's modulus E ／ MPa hardness HRC 2J4 8.2 8600 10.70 33 33 18,000- 2J7 8.1 860 10.60 60 1 18000- 2J9 8.1 8600 10.60 65 18,000- 2J10 8.1 8660 11.30 30 1 19,000- 2J11 8.1 8660 11.2 07 7 17,000- 2J12 8.1 8660 13.40 74 17,000- 2J21 8.8.2 8220 11.24 34 35 22000 35 ～ 42 2J23 8.3 8220 11.1 10 37 37 21000 35 ~ 42 2J25 8.3 820 11.11.18 42 210,000 3500 35 ～ 42 2J27 8.4 820 11.12 21 38 38 20,000 35 ～ 42 2J53 7.8-15.50 61 17,000- GB/T 1498-2008 ......

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