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GB 51442-2022 English PDF

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US$1279.00 · In stock
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GB 51442-2022: Standard for process design of molybdenum plants
Status: Valid

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
GB 51442-2022	1279	Add to Cart	7 days	Standard for process design of molybdenum plants	Valid

Similar standards

GB/T 51452 GB/T 51446

Basic data

Standard ID: GB 51442-2022 (GB51442-2022)
Description (Translated English): Standard for process design of molybdenum plants
Sector / Industry: National Standard
Word Count Estimation: 58,596
Date of Issue: 2022-01-05
Date of Implementation: 2022-05-01
Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation
Summary: This standard applies to the process design of newly built, expanded and reconstructed aluminum smelters.

GB 51442-2022: Standard for process design of molybdenum plants

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General 1.0.1 This standard is formulated to unify the process design standards of molybdenum smelters, achieve advanced technology, reasonable economy, safety and reliability, energy saving and environmental protection. 1.0.2 This standard applies to the process design of newly built, expanded and reconstructed molybdenum smelters. 1.0.3 The process design of the molybdenum smelter shall meet the following requirements. 1 When the molybdenum smelter is constructed in phases, a comprehensive planning and design should be done; 2 A smelting process with mature technology and advanced economic indicators should be adopted; 3 Intelligent machinery and instrumentation equipment should be integrated to realize process automatic control and digital management; 4 The product structure should be reasonably determined; 5.The selected new process should have industrial test data or relevant appraisal report. 1.0.4 The facilities for environmental protection, safety, fire protection and occupational health shall be designed, constructed and put into production and use at the same time as the main project. 1.0.5 The process design of the molybdenum smelter shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the current relevant national standards.

2 Terms and abbreviations

2.1 Terminology 2.1.1 Molybdenum concentrate Molybdenum-containing concentrate produced from molybdenum ore by flotation process. 2.1.2 Roasted molybdenum concentrate The product of molybdenum concentrate after oxidation and roasting. 2.1.3 molybdenum ferrous molybdenum Molybdenum-containing ferroalloy produced by out-of-furnace method. 2.1.4 ammonium molybdate ammonium molybdate The general term for ammonium molybdate salts such as ammonium dimolybdate, ammonium tetramolybdate and ammonium heptamolybdate. 2.1.5 Ammonium dimolybdate ammonium dimolybdate The product formed after evaporation and crystallization of ammonium molybdate solution. 2.1.6 ammonium tetramolybdate Ammonium molybdate solution neutralizes the crystallization product. 2.1.7 ammonium heptamolybdate High-concentration ammonium molybdate solution cooling crystallized product. 2.1.8 pure molybdenum trioxide pure molybdenum trioxide Hexavalent molybdenum oxide produced by roasting ammonium molybdate. 2.1.9 Molybdenum powder molybdenum powder Pure molybdenum trioxide is a metal powder produced by hydrogen reduction. 2.1.10 Cleaning charge Sintered, off-spec lumps. 2.2 Abbreviations ADM ammonium dimolybdate (Ammonium dimolybdate) AQM ammonium tetramolybdate (Ammonium tetramolybdate) AHM ammonium heptamolybdate

3 Material storage and preparation

3.1 Raw materials 3.1.1 The quality of molybdenum concentrate should comply with the relevant provisions of the current industry standard "Molybdenum Concentrate" YS/T 235. 3.1.2 The quality of roasted molybdenum concentrate should meet the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Roasted Molybdenum Concentrate" GB/T 24482. 3.1.3 The storage of molybdenum concentrate shall comply with the following regulations. 1 It should be stored in a concentrate storage with a protective structure. 2 Measures for unpacking and sampling of concentrate should be taken; dust prevention and dust collection facilities should be set up; when the composition of concentrate fluctuates greatly, measures of mixing and homogenization should be taken. 3 Molybdenum concentrate warehouses in cold regions should be equipped with antifreeze facilities. 4 The molybdenum concentrate warehouse should be equipped with measuring scales and sample reduction facilities, and the accuracy of the measuring scales should be less than 0.2%. 3.1.4 The storage time of materials shall meet the following requirements. 1.The number of days of storage should be determined according to the characteristics of the material, the convenience of transportation, the distance and the procurement of raw materials; 2 The storage time of molybdenum concentrate should not be less than 5 days. 3.2 Supplementary materials 3.2.1 The flux should meet the following requirements. 1 Ferrosilicon used for ferromolybdenum smelting should meet the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Ferrosilicon" GB/T 2272. 2 The mass proportion of aluminum particles with a particle size of less than 0.5mm used for ferromolybdenum smelting should not exceed 10%, and the mass proportion of particles with a particle size greater than 3mm should not exceed 10%; the mass proportion of active aluminum particles should not be lower than 96 %. 3 Calcium oxide used for ferromolybdenum smelting should comply with the relevant provisions of the current industry standard "Metallurgical Lime" YB/T 042, and the particle size should be less than 3mm. 4 The steel shavings used in the ferromolybdenum smelting process shall be ordinary carbon steel, the particle size range shall be 2mm~20mm, and the chemical composition shall meet the requirements in Table 3.2.1-1. 5 The grain size of iron scale used in the ferromolybdenum smelting process should be less than 10mm, and the chemical composition should meet the requirements in Table 3.2.1-2; when iron scale is replaced by iron ore powder or iron oxide scale, the chemical composition should comply with Table 3.2.1 -2 provisions. 3.2.2 Chemicals should meet the following requirements. 1 Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Sodium Hydroxide for Industrial Use" GB/T 209; 2 Sodium nitrate (saltpeter) should meet the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Industrial Sodium Nitrate" GB/T 4553; 3 Sodium carbonate (soda ash) should comply with the relevant provisions of GB 210.1 of the current national standard "Industrial Sodium Carbonate and Its Test Methods Part 1.Industrial Sodium Carbonate"; 4 Nitric acid should meet the relevant provisions of the current national standards "Industrial Nitric Acid Concentrated Nitric Acid" GB/T 337.1 and "Industrial Nitric Acid Dilute Nitric Acid" GB/T 337.2; 5 Liquid ammonia should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Liquid Anhydrous Ammonia" GB/T 536. 3.2.3 The storage of hazardous chemicals should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "General Rules for the Storage of Dangerous Chemicals Commonly Used" GB 15603 and the relevant provisions of the state on the safety management of hazardous chemicals. 3.2.4 Fluxes should be stored in warehouses with waterproof measures. 3.2.5 Sodium nitrate should be stored separately, and ventilation facilities should be provided. 3.2.6 Ferrosilicon and aluminum pellets should be stored separately, and ventilation facilities should be provided. 3.2.7 Ferrosilicon and aluminum particles are strictly prohibited from being mixed with acids, strong alkalis and oxidants for storage, and are strictly prohibited from being exposed to moisture. 3.2.8 Calcium oxide should not be exposed to moisture. 3.2.9 The storage and use of liquid ammonia shall comply with the following regulations. 1 The liquid ammonia storage tank area should be concentrated on the edge of the factory area, and should be above the minimum frequency wind direction of the factory throughout the year. 2 The filling of liquid ammonia tank trucks should adopt universal filling pipeline system, and the filling site should be equipped with static electricity guides for liquid ammonia tank trucks. 3 Spherical tanks or horizontal tanks should be used for storage of liquid ammonia at room temperature. The storage coefficient of liquid ammonia storage tanks should not be greater than 0.85, and the number of storage tanks should not be less than 2. 4 Liquid ammonia storage tanks should be equipped with sun protection, cooling water spray cooling facilities or good heat insulation measures. 5 Liquid ammonia storage tanks should be equipped with liquid level gauges, pressure gauges and safety valves, low-temperature liquid ammonia storage tanks should be equipped with temperature indicators, and upper and lower limit alarm devices should be set according to process conditions. The loading and unloading pipeline shall be provided with a remote automatic cut-off device. 6 Ammonia detection and alarm devices should be installed in liquid ammonia storage sites. The location and quantity of ammonia gas detection and alarm devices should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Design Standards for Detection and Alarm of Combustible and Toxic Gases in Petrochemical Industry" GB/T 50493. 7 A closed fire dike shall be installed in the liquid ammonia storage tank area, and the inside of the dike shall be hardened, and the effective capacity inside the fire dike shall not be less than the capacity of the largest storage tank. 8 Accident handling facilities shall be set up for liquid ammonia storage. 9 The layout of liquid ammonia storage tanks shall comply with the current national standards "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB 50016, "Code for Design of Nonferrous Metal Enterprises' General Plan and Transportation Design" GB 50544 and the relevant standards of hazardous chemicals. 3.2.10 The storage and use of nitric acid should meet the following regulations. 1 The nitric acid storage place should be cool, dry, ventilated, and protected from light. It should be treated with anti-corrosion and anti-seepage. It should be kept away from fire and heat sources, and it should be stored separately from alkalis, hydrocarbons, and easily oxidized substances; 2 Aluminum storage tanks should be used for concentrated nitric acid storage, and stainless steel storage tanks should be used for dilute nitric acid storage; 3 The nitric acid storage tank should be equipped with tail gas absorption device; 4 The nitric acid storage tank area shall be provided with a closed fire dike, and the effective capacity inside the fire dike shall not be less than the capacity of the largest storage tank; 5 The nitric acid storage tank area shall be equipped with accident treatment facilities; 6 The nitric acid storage site shall comply with the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB 50016 and the relevant national regulations on storage of hazardous chemicals. 3.2.11 The storage volume of auxiliary materials should meet the following requirements. 1 The storage amount of flux should meet the usage amount of 7d ~ 10d; 2 The storage capacity of chemicals should meet the consumption amount of 5d~7d. 3.2.12 Hydrogen storage shall comply with the following regulations. 1 The design of the hydrogen station shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Hydrogen Station" GB 50177; 2 The use of hydrogen should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Safety Technical Regulations for Hydrogen Use" GB 4962; 3 The quality of hydrogen should meet the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Hydrogen Part 1.Industrial Hydrogen" GB/T 3634.1. 3.3 Fuel 3.3.1 The fuel for molybdenum smelting should be determined according to the local industrial fuel policy, and clean fuel should be used. 3.3.2 The quality of natural gas shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Natural Gas" GB 17820. 3.3.3 The quality of liquefied petroleum gas shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Liquefied Petroleum Gas" GB 11174. 3.3.4 When pipelined natural gas is used, a metering room shall be installed, and a pressure regulating station shall be set up during pressure regulation; the metering room and the pressure regulating station may be combined; the measuring instrument shall be verified or calibrated, and shall be used within the validity period. 3.3.5 When liquefied natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas is used, a special liquefied gas station shall be provided and gasification facilities shall be provided. The design of oil and natural gas storage and transmission facilities should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Urban Gas" GB 50028.

4 Smelting process of roasted molybdenum concentrate

4.1 General provisions 4.1.1 Roasting of molybdenum concentrate should adopt multi-hearth furnace or rotary kiln roasting process instead of reverberatory furnace production process. 4.1.2 The production capacity of roasted molybdenum concentrate of newly built, expanded or reconstructed enterprises should not be less than 15000t/a. 4.1.3 Roasted molybdenum concentrate products should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Roasted Molybdenum Concentrate" GB/T 24482. 4.2 Multi-hearth furnace roasting process 4.2.1 The total moisture content of molybdenum concentrate mineral oil should not be greater than 6%, and the particle size of agglomerated blocks should be less than 4mm; when the total oil moisture content is greater than 6%, it should be dried, the drying heat source should be clean energy, and the drying tail gas should be set treatment facility. 4.2.2 The molybdenum content in molybdenum concentrate should not be less than 49%, the copper content should not be greater than 0.25%, the lead content should not be greater than 0.20%, and the calcium oxide content should not be greater than 1.8%. For molybdenum concentrates of different grades, it is advisable to carry out ore blending and control the impurity content before roasting. 4.2.3 The molybdenum concentrate should be metered into the furnace, and a belt scale or a metering screw can be used. 4.2.4 The production capacity of roasted molybdenum concentrate of a single multi-hearth furnace shall not be less than 18000t/a, and the production capacity of high-soluble roasted molybdenum concentrate of a single multi-hearth furnace shall not be less than 12500t/a. 4.2.5 Roasting molybdenum concentrate should adopt 8-16-layer multi-hearth furnaces, the central axis and rake arms should adopt air-cooled structure, and the temperature of each layer of furnace can be controlled and adjusted. 4.2.6 The multi-hearth furnace should be equipped with an accident safety interlock device, and should have a dual power supply or a DC power supply system. 4.2.7 The main control parameters of multi-hearth furnaces should meet the following requirements. 1 The annual working days of the multi-hearth furnace should be 300d~330d; 2 The capacity of the multi-hearth furnace for roasting molybdenum concentrate deposits should be 0.15t/(m2·d)～0.22t/(m2·d); 3 Molybdenum concentrate roasting time should be 8h ~ 10h. 4.2.8 The roasted molybdenum concentrate should be cooled rapidly to below 60°C. 4.2.9 The highly soluble roasted molybdenum concentrate should be crushed to less than 0.9mm, and the roasted molybdenum concentrate should be broken to less than 4mm. 4.2.10 The roasted molybdenum concentrate should be equipped with qualified product bins and unqualified product bins, and sampling facilities should be set up before entering the bins, and unqualified materials should be returned to the multi-hearth furnace for secondary roasting. 4.2.11 The roasting workshop should be equipped with recovery facilities such as crushing and screening of furnace cleaning materials. 4.2.12 It is advisable to use air heat exchange to cool down the roasting flue gas of multi-hearth furnace, and the secondary hot air can be used as combustion air. 4.2.13 Multi-hearth furnace roasting flue gas should be treated with two-stage dust removal by cyclone dust collector and electrostatic precipitator. The flue gas should be desulfurized, and the smoke should be returned to multi-hearth furnace for secondary roasting. 4.3 Roasting process of rotary kiln 4.3.1 The rotary kiln shall adopt a self-heating energy-saving rotary kiln, and the hot air for heat exchange of the kiln body may be used as combustion air. 4.3.2 The total moisture content of molybdenum concentrate mineral oil should not be greater than 6%, and the particle size of agglomerated blocks should be less than 4mm. When the total oil moisture content is greater than 6%, it should be dried; the drying heat source should be clean energy; the drying tail gas should be purified deal with. The flue gas from rotary kiln roasting should be sent to the desulfurization device after being cooled and dust removed; the flue dust should be returned to the rotary kiln for secondary roasting, and the waste heat should be recycled. 4.3.3 The grade of molybdenum concentrate entering the kiln should not be less than 47%, and molybdenum concentrate of different grades should be mixed ore blended. 4.3.4 Molybdenum concentrate should be metered into the kiln. 4.3.5 The capacity of a single rotary kiln to produce roasted molybdenum concentrate should be greater than 4000t/a; the capacity of a single rotary kiln to produce highly soluble roasted molybdenum concentrate should be greater than.2000t/a. 4.3.6 The main control parameters of the rotary kiln shall meet the following requirements. 1 The diameter of the rotary kiln should be greater than 2m, and the aspect ratio should not be less than 15; 2 The annual working days of the rotary kiln should be greater than 300d; 3 The temperature of the rotary kiln should be 400℃～700℃; 4 The inclination angle of the rotary kiln should be 1°～3°. 4.3.7 For the production of highly soluble roasted molybdenum concentrate, the secondary roasting process can be adopted, and the heat source should be clean energy. 4.3.8 The roasted molybdenum concentrate should be cooled to below 60°C. 4.3.9 The highly soluble roasted molybdenum concentrate should be broken to less than 0.9mm, and the roasted molybdenum concentrate should be broken to less than 4mm. 4.4 Roasting flue gas treatment 4.4.1 Exhaust gas should be discharged up to standard. 4.4.2 The acid-making process or sodium sulfite process should be used for the purification of roasting flue gas, and the low-concentration sulfur dioxide direct acid-making process should be used for the acid-making process. 4.4.3 The roasting flue gas should be equipped with emergency treatment measures such as alkali leaching. 4.4.4 Roasting flue gas online monitoring pollutant concentration should be calculated according to the actual measured value. 4.4.5 Sulfuric acid storage should meet the following regulations. 1 Sulfuric acid storage facilities shall meet local meteorological conditions and safety requirements; 2 The sulfuric acid storage tank area and the ground of the pump room shall be treated with anti-corrosion treatment; 3 The storage tank area shall be equipped with safety protection and accident handling facilities such as fire dikes; 4 The number of sulfuric acid storage tanks should not be less than 2; 5 It shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Non-ferrous Metal Engineering Design" GB 50630. 4.5 Production of roasted molybdenum concentrate lumps 4.5.1 Roasted molybdenum concentrate blocks should be prepared by roll forming process, and the process should include batching, mixing, pressing, drying and packaging of finished products. 4.5.2 The production capacity of a single production line of roasted molybdenum concentrate block should not be less than 3000t/a. 4.5.3 The particle size of the roasted molybdenum concentrate should be less than 3.2mm;......

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