GB/T 455-2002 PDF EnglishUS$90.00 · In stock · Download in 9 seconds
GB/T 455-2002: Paper and board determination of tearing resistance Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 455: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 455-2002: Paper and board determination of tearing resistance---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT455-2002PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 85.060 Y 32 GB/T 455-2002 eqv ISO 1974.1990 Paper and board determination of tearing resistance Issued on. July 2, 2002 Implemented on. February 01, 2003 Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Table of ContentsForeword ... 3 ISO foreword ... 4 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Definitions ... 6 4 Principle ... 6 5 Apparatus ... 6 6 Conditioning of test pieces ... 6 7 Sampling and preparation of test pieces ... 7 8 Test procedure ... 7 9 Calculation of results ... 8 10 Test report ... 8 Annex A (normative) Elmendorf-type tearing apparatus... 10 Annex B (informative) Adjustment and maintenance of apparatus ... 12 Annex C (informative) Calibration of apparatus scales ... 14ForewordThis Standard is the revision to GB/T 455.1-1989 “Paper -Determination of tearing resistance” and GB/T 455.2-1989 “Paperboard -Determination of tearing resistance”. This Standard is equivalent to ISO 1974.1990 “Paper -Determination of tearing resistance (Elmendorf method)”. Annex A of this Standard is a normative annex. Annexes B and C of this Standard are informative annexes. From the date of implementation, this Standard replaces GB/T 455.1-1989 and GB/T 455.2-1989. This Standard was proposed by China Light Industry Council. This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Paper Industry of Standardization Administration of China. Drafting organization of this Standard. China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute. Main drafters of this Standard. Ma Xin, Xu Zehong. National Technical Committee on Paper Industry of Standardization Administration of China is entrusted to be responsible for the interpretation of this Standard. NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Paper and board determination of tearing resistance GB/T 455-2002 eqv ISO 1974.1990 Replacing GB/T 455.1-1989 GB/T 455.2-19891 ScopeThis Standard specifies a method for determining the tearing resistance of paper and board. This Standard applies to light boards of which the tearing resistance is within the range of the apparatus. This Standard does not apply to corrugated fibreboard, but it may be applied to the components of such boards. It is not suitable for determining the cross-direction tearing resistance of highly directional paper.2 Normative referencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. GB/T 450-2002 Paper and board-Sampling for testing (eqv ISO 186.1994) GB/T 10739-2002 Paper, board and pulps -Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing (eqv ISO 187.1990)3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Tearing resistance The mean force required to continue the tearing started by an initial cut in a single sheet of paper (or board). If the initial cut is in the vertical direction, the result is given as vertical-direction tearing resistance; similarly, if the initial cut is in the horizontal direction, the result is given as horizontal-direction tearing resistance. The result is expressed in millinewtons (mN). 3.2 Tearing index The tearing resistance of the paper (or board) divided by its grammage. The result is expressed in millinewton square • metres/gram (mN • m2/g).4 PrincipleA test piece of superimposed sheets (normally four), with a specified pre-cut slit, is torn through a fixed distance using a pendulum which applies the tearing force by moving in a plane perpendicular to the initial plane of the test piece. The work done in tearing the test piece is measured by the loss in potential energy of the pendulum. The average tearing force is indicated by a scale on the pendulum or a digital display. The tearing resistance of the paper is determined from the average tearing force and the number of sheets comprising the test piece.5 Apparatus5.1 Elmendorf-type tear tester, complying with the requirements specified in Annex A. 5.2 Adjustment and maintenance of apparatus, see Annex B. 5.3 Calibration of apparatus scales, see Annex C.6 Conditioning of test piecesCONDITION in accordance with GB/T 10739. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of English version of GB/T 455-2002 be delivered?Answer: The full copy PDF of English version of GB/T 455-2002 can be downloaded in 9 seconds, and it will also be emailed to you in 9 seconds (double mechanisms to ensure the delivery reliably), with PDF-invoice.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 455-2002_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 455-2002_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually paid for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. Our tax invoice, downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, includes all tax/VAT and complies with 100+ countries' tax regulations (tax exempted in 100+ countries) -- See Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): List of DTAs signed between Singapore and 100+ countriesQuestion 4: Do you accept my currency other than USD?Answer: Yes. www.ChineseStandard.us -- GB/T 455-2002 -- Click this link and select your country/currency to pay, the exact amount in your currency will be printed on the invoice. Full PDF will also be downloaded/emailed in 9 seconds.Question 5: Should I purchase the latest version GB/T 455-2002?Answer: Yes. Unless special scenarios such as technical constraints or academic study, you should always prioritize to purchase the latest version GB/T 455-2002 even if the enforcement date is in future. Complying with the latest version means that, by default, it also complies with all the earlier versions, technically.How to buy and download a true PDF of English version of GB/T 455-2002?A step-by-step guide to download PDF of GB/T 455-2002_EnglishStep 1: Visit website https://www.ChineseStandard.net (Pay in USD), or https://www.ChineseStandard.us (Pay in any currencies such as Euro, KRW, JPY, AUD).Step 2: Search keyword "GB/T 455-2002". Step 3: Click "Add to Cart". If multiple PDFs are required, repeat steps 2 and 3 to add up to 12 PDFs to cart. Step 4: Select payment option (Via payment agents Stripe or PayPal). Step 5: Customize Tax Invoice -- Fill up your email etc. Step 6: Click "Checkout". Step 7: Make payment by credit card, PayPal, Google Pay etc. After the payment is completed and in 9 seconds, you will receive 2 emails attached with the purchased PDFs and PDF-invoice, respectively. Step 8: Optional -- Go to download PDF. Step 9: Optional -- Click Open/Download PDF to download PDFs and invoice. See screenshots for above steps: Steps 1~3 Steps 4~6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 |
