GB/T 11982.1-2015 PDF English
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Polyvinyl chloride floor coverings - Part 1: Heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
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Polyvinyl chloride floor sheets -- Part 1: Polyvinyl chloride floor sheets with backing
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GB/T 11982.1-2015: Polyvinyl chloride floor coverings - Part 1: Heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT11982.1-2015
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.140
Q 22
Replacing GB/T 11982.1-2005
Polyvinyl chloride floor coverings - Part 1:
Heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
聚氯乙烯卷材地板
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 11, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 01, 2016
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the PRC;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Classification, grade, and designation ... 6
5 Requirements ... 7
6 Test methods ... 10
7 Inspection rules ... 25
8 Marking, transportation, and storage ... 26
Appendix A (Normative) Classification table of use grades ... 28
Appendix B (Normative) Chair caster test method ... 30
Appendix C (Normative) Pollution resistance test method ... 34
Polyvinyl chloride floor coverings - Part 1:
Heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 11982 specifies the terms and definitions, classification, grade
and designation, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking,
transportation, and storage of heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
(hereinafter referred to as floor coverings).
This Part applies to floor coverings with polyvinyl chloride resin as the main raw
material laid on the floor of the building.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 1033.1-2008 Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-
cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and
titration method
GB/T 4100-2006 Ceramic tiles
GB/T 8427-2008 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial
light: Xenon arc fading lamp test
GB 8624 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and
products
GB 18586 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful
substances of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Heterogeneous polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
5.3.4.2 Pollution resistance
REPORT test results.
5.3.4.3 Welding strength
USE grade 32 and above floor covering to conduct welding strength test as
agreed by the supplier and the purchaser. The average welding strength is ≥240
N/50 mm; the minimum is ≥180 N/50 mm.
5.3.4.4 Skid resistance
REPORT test results.
6 Test methods
6.1 Standard test conditions
The test piece, before the test, shall be left for at least 24 h under standard
conditions of temperature (23±2)°C and relative humidity (50±5)%. The test
shall be performed under these conditions.
6.2 Appearance
Under the scattered sunlight or fluorescent lamp, at 1 m from the test piece,
obliquely visually check the appearance. RECORD whether there are various
defects listed in Table 2.
6.3 Dimensional tolerances
6.3.1 Length
PUT the wear layer of the entire floor covering under test upwards. Without
tensile stress, lay it on a hard plane; USE a steel tape with a division value of 1
mm to measure the length at two positions parallel to the longitudinal direction
at about 200 mm from both sides. TAKE the arithmetic mean of the two length
measurement results to indicate the length of the floor covering, accurate to 10
mm.
6.3.2 Width
According to the method of 6.3.1, use a steel tape with a division value of 1 mm
to measure the width at the middle and both ends perpendicular to the
longitudinal direction. TAKE the smallest width to indicate the width of the floor
covering, accurate to 1 mm.
PLACE the test piece with the section facing up on a microscope test bench;
READ the thickness of the wear layer. If there are concave and convex patterns,
measure the thickness of the protruding part. 3 measurements are performed
on each test piece. RECORD the single thickness measured value of wear layer,
accurate to 0.01 mm.
6.3.3.2.4 Test result
Calculate the deviation of the arithmetic mean of all wear layer thickness
measurements from the stated wear layer thickness value, accurate to 1%; and
the deviation of a single wear layer thickness measurement from the arithmetic
mean of all wear layer thickness measurements, accurate to 0.01 mm.
6.4 Surface mass deviation
6.4.1 Instrument
6.4.1.1 Vernier caliper
The division value is not greater than 0.1 mm.
6.4.1.2 Balance
The sensitivity is not more than 0.01 g.
6.4.2 Sampling
TAKE 5 square test pieces with a size of 100 mm×100 mm from the floor
covering. Any side of the test piece shall be at least 100 mm from the edge of
the floor covering.
6.4.3 Test procedure
MEASURE the side length of the middle of each test piece, accurate to 0.1 mm.
WEIGH and record the mass m0 of each test piece, accurate to 0.01 g.
6.4.4 Test result
The surface mass is calculated according to formula (1). The deviation between
the arithmetic mean of the surface masses of the 5 test pieces and the explicit
surface mass value is calculated as a percentage and accurate to 1%.
Where:
A - Surface mass, in grams per square meter (g/m2);
m0 - The mass of test piece, in grams (g);
l - The length of test piece, in millimeters (mm);
b - The width of test piece, in millimeters (mm).
6.5 Variation rate of heating sizes
6.5.1 Instrument
6.5.1.1 Constant-temperature blast oven
Thermostat sensitivity is ±1 °C.
6.5.1.2 Vernier caliper
The division value is 0.02 mm.
6.5.2 Sampling
Before taking the test piece, the floor covering shall be laid as flat as possible.
TAKE 3 square test pieces with a size of 240 mm×240 mm from the floor
covering. Any side of the test piece shall be at least 100 mm from the edge of
the floor covering. Each side of each test piece shall be parallel or perpendicular
to the length or width direction of the product.
6.5.3 Test procedure
MARK the longitudinal and transverse directions on the test piece. As shown in
Figure 1, along the longitudinal and transverse distances of the test piece, at
20 mm from the edge of the test piece, draw two parallel lines with a distance
of 200 mm and mark 4 intersections. USE a Vernier caliper to measure the
distance L0 between each pair of marked lines in the longitudinal and transverse
directions, accurate to 0.02 mm. Then put the wear layer of the test piece
upward and lay it flat on a smooth glass plate or stainless steel plate sprinkled
with talcum powder. The distance between the test pieces shall be more than
50 mm; they shall be placed together in a constant-temperature blast oven with
a temperature of (80±2)°C. The distance between the flat plate and the inner
wall of the oven shall not be less than 50 mm. The vertical distance between
the flat plates and between the flat plate and the oven shall not be less than
100 mm. TAKE out after holding for 6 h; LEAVE them for 24 h under standard
test conditions. A 180 mm×180 mm×13 mm steel flat plate is pressed on the
test pieces. Then, measure the distance L between each pair of marked lines
of each test piece, accurate to 0.02 mm.
6.6.1.1 Constant-temperature blast oven
Thermostat sensitivity is ±1 °C.
6.6.1.2 Height Vernier caliper
The division value is 0.02 mm.
6.6.2 Sampling
Before taking the test piece, the floor covering shall be laid as flat as possible.
TAKE 3 square test pieces with a size of 240 mm×240 mm from the floor
covering. Any side of the test piece shall be at least 100 mm from the edge of
the floor covering. Each side of each test piece shall be parallel or perpendicular
to the length or width direction of the product.
6.6.3 Test procedure
PUT the wear layer of each test piece upward. If the middle of the test piece is
arched, place the wear layer of the test piece downward and lay it flat on a
smooth glass plate or stainless steel plate sprinkled with talcum powder. The
distance between the test pieces is more than 50 mm. USE the height Vernier
caliper to measure the maximum distance d0 from the upper surface of each
side of the floor covering to the flat plate, accurate to 0.02 mm. PLACE the plate
with the test piece in a blast oven at a temperature of (80±2)°C. The distance
between the flat plate and the inner wall of the oven shall not be less than 50
mm. The vertical distance between the flat plates and between the flat plate
and the oven shall not be less than 100 mm. After holding for 6 h, take the plate
with the test piece out; do not move the test piece. PLACE it under standard
test conditions for 24 h. USE a height Vernier caliper to measure the maximum
distance d1 between the upper surface of each side of the test piece and the
flat plate, accurate to 0.02 mm.
6.6.4 Test result
The heating warpage is calculated according to formula (3). It is expressed by
the arithmetic mean of the heating warpage of 3 test pieces, accurate to 1 mm.
Where:
D - Heating warpage, in millimeters (mm);
d1 - The maximum distance from the upper surface of each side of the test piece
to the flat plate after heating, in millimeters (mm);
d0 - The maximum distance from the upper surface of each side of the test piece
to the flat plate before heating, in millimeters (mm).
6.7 Wear resistance
6.7.1 Instruments and abrasives
6.7.1.1 Falling sand wear tester
The falling sand wear tester consists of the following components (see Figure
2):
a) Horizontal rotating test bench (see Figure 3). The diameter is greater than
105 mm. The upper surface is horizontal; and, the test piece can be placed.
The test bench can rotate around the central axis. The rotation speed is
(60±2)r/min.
b) Two cylindrical grinding wheels with leather sheet. The grinding wheels
are made of metal or hard plastic, with a diameter of 42 mm and a width
of 12.7 mm. They can rotate freely around a fixed axis. The leather sheet
wrapped on the grinding wheel is about 13 mm wide and 4 mm~5 mm
thick. A steel ball with a diameter of 10 mm is placed on the leather; a load
of (10±0.1)N is loaded. After 30 s, the leather sheet shall have a residual
depression of 0.3 mm~0.5 mm. Before the first use, the grinding wheel
wrapped with the leather sheet shall be sanded with P240 sandpaper for
500 revolutions. The two grinding wheels can form a circular track on the
surface of the test piece with an area of about 3000 mm2. When the
diameter of the grinding wheel wrapped with the leather sheet is less than
44.4 mm, the grinding wheel shall be replaced.
c) Rotation counter. After reaching the set number of revolutions, it can make
the test platform automatically stop rotation.
d) Container, which is open at the upper end and contains at least 200 g of
abrasive. The bottom of the container is provided with a height-adjustable
falling sand tube. The bottom of the falling sand tube is (10±3)mm from
the surface of the test piece; and, it can be quickly closed.
e) Vacuum cleaner, capable of removing the abrasive and the particles being
ground.
test pieces among them, cut out 3 pieces of 30 mm×30 mm wear layer test
pieces for density determination.
6.7.3 Test procedure
Proceed as follows:
a) Under standard test conditions, adjust the state of the test piece to
constant weight. The mass change within 24 h is less than 0.002 g, that is
to say that it reaches constant weight.
b) Wear layer density test. USE the 30 mm×30 mm wear layer test piece
prepared in 6.7.2 to determine the density according to the provisions of
the immersion method in GB/T 1033.1-2008. The density of the test piece
is expressed by the arithmetic mean of the density of the 3 wear layer test
pieces, accurate to 0.001 g/cm3.
c) WEIGH the other 3 test pieces separately and record as the initial mass
m0 of the test piece, accurate to 0.1 mg.
d) FIX the test piece on the test bench; then, place the two grinding wheels
on the test piece; apply a (9.8±0.1)N load; place the vacuum cleaner on
the test piece. FILL the container with abrasive; OPEN the falling sand
tube. The abrasive falling speed is (21±3)g/min. In the test, abrasives shall
be added in time to ensure that the test runs normally.
e) The test piece is subjected to wear test at 5000 revolutions. If the wear
layer of the first test piece is not worn through before 5000 revolutions,
directly weigh the mass of the test piece and test the other two test pieces.
If the wear layer of the first test piece is worn through before 5000
revolutions, discard it and test the other two test pieces. PAUSE the test
every 200 revolutions; REMOVE the test piece; USE a dry and soft cloth
to gently wipe the particles on the surface of the test piece; WEIGH the
test piece, accurate to 0.1 mg. CONTINUE grinding until 2000 revolutions
or the wear layer is worn through and the test stopped.
6.7.4 Test result
According to formula (4), calculate the volume loss FV of the test piece after 100
revolutions of each test piece. The result is expressed by the arithmetic mean
of all the test pieces, accurate to 0.1 mm3.
At least 100 mm away from the edge of the floor covering, take 3 test pieces in
the transverse and longitudinal directions respectively. The size of each test
piece is 250 mm×50 mm. Each side of each test piece shall be parallel or
perpendicular to the length or width direction of the product.
6.11.3 Test procedure
USE hand to bend the wear layer of the test piece 180° outward at a uniform
speed within 3 s~5 s around a round shaft with a diameter of 40 mm. During
the test, good contact between the test piece and the round shaft shall be
maintained. The surface of the test piece shall be observed, to determine
whether there is crack in the bending position.
6.11.4 Test result
RECORD whether the test piece is cracked under the bending of 40 mm
cylinder.
6.12 Chair caster test
PROCEED according to Appendix B.
6.13 Limit of harmful substances
PROCEED according to GB 18586.
6.14 Special performance
6.14.1 Burning behavior
PROCEED according to GB 8624.
6.14.2 Pollution resistance
PROCEED according to Appendix C.
6.14.3 Welding strength
6.14.3.1 Sampling
WELD two floor coverings with a minimum width of 300 mm according to the
manufacturer's requirements to make a sample. On the sample, at the same
spacing, cut 5 test pieces with a minimum length of 150 mm and a width of
(50±0.5)mm. The weld is located in the center of the test piece (see Figure 6).
Calculate the arithmetic mean of the welding strength of 5 test pieces, accurate
to 10 N/50 mm. At the same time, record the minimum of 5 test pieces.
6.14.4 Skid resistance
PROCEED according to GB/T 4100-2006 Appendix M.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
7.1.1 Exit-factory inspection
The exit-factory inspection items are 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 surface mass, variation
rate of heating sizes, and residual depression. Of which 5.1 and 5.2 are
inspected lot by lot. 5.3 surface mass, variation rate of heating sizes, and
residual depression are inspected every 4 lots; but the 4 lots must be 4
continuous lots with the same formula, the same process, and the same
specification.
7.1.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items are all inspection items listed in Clause 5 (excluding
special performance).
In one of the following cases, it shall carry out the type inspection:
a) Pattern evaluation for plant transfer production of new products or old
products;
b) After the formal production, when there are major changes in the raw
materials, processes, and production equipment of the product, which
may affect the product performance;
c) Once a year during normal production;
d) When the exit-factory inspection result is significantly different from the
previous type inspection;
e) When the production resumes after the product is discontinued more than
half a year.
7.2 Lot grouping and sampling
7.2.1 Lot grouping
The inspection is based on lots, with the floor coverings with the same formula,
B.1.1.4 Driving mechanism
The platform and casters are linked and equipped with a steering device. The
rotation speed of the platform is (19±1)r/min. The rotation speed of the casters
is (50±1)r/min. The number of rotations of the platform is set by the counter.
After rotating (180±10)s, the platform stops and remains stationary (5±2)s and
then run in reverse. REPEAT this process until the set number of revolutions is
reached; and, stop the test.
B.1.1.5 Dust suction device
The dust suction device is installed above the test area of the test piece. It can
remove the particles that have been ground.
B.1.2 Lighting device
The lamp tube with a color temperature of 5500 K~6500 K is installed above
the observation desk and irradiates the test piece vertically, which can provide
(1500±100)lx illumination. During the test, the surrounding environment shall
be kept dark, so as not to affect the test observation results.
B.1.3 Rotating observation desk
It can be rotated in order to observe the test piece in all directions under the
lighting conditions specified by the standard.
B.2 Sampling
CUT the test piece from the floor covering. The diameter of the test piece is at
least 750 mm. During the test, the caster shall pass at least one splicing line.
B.3 Test piece installation
USE double-sided tape or binder, or according to the instructions of the floor
covering manufacturer, mount the test piece on the test piece support platform
as shown in Figure B.3.
Appendix C
(Normative)
Pollution resistance test method
C.1 Principle
Different liquid or pasty pollutants are coated on the surface of the test piece.
After a certain contact time, remove the pollutants. After cleaning the test piece,
under the specified lighting conditions, observe and evaluate the surface
change of the test piece.
C.2 Test equipment and materials
C.2.1 Test equipment
Test equipment includes:
a) A dropper;
b) A watch glass with a diameter of 40 mm;
c) A scraper.
C.2.2 Liquid or pasty pollutants
This method does not specify which pollutants are used in the pollution
resistance test. The pollutants to be used can be agreed between the supplier
and the purchaser; but detailed information on the pollutants shall be stated in
the test report.
C.2.3 Cleaning and decontamination materials
Cleaning and decontamination materials include:
a) Dry white cotton cloth;
b) Water;
c) Neutral detergents or detergents recommended by the manufacturer of
floor covering;
d) Decontamination powder.
C.2.4 Lighting device
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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