CJJ 36-2016 PDF English
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CJJ 36-2016: Technical code of maintenance for urban road---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/CJJ36-2016
GJJ
INDUSTRY STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P CJJ 36-2016
Filing No.. J 528-2016
Technical code of maintenance for urban road
Issued on. NOVEMBER 15, 2016
Implemented on. MAY 01, 2017
Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC.
Technical code of maintenance for urban road
Main drafting organization. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of
PRC
Effective date. May 1, 2017
China Construction Industry Press
2016 Beijing
Table of Contents
Foreword... 7
1 General... 9
2 Terms and symbols... 9
2.1 Terms... 9
2.2 Symbols... 10
3 Basic requirements... 11
4 Roadway condition inspection, assessment and maintenance strategy... 12
5 Asphalt pavement... 26
6 Concrete pavement... 33
7 Other pavements... 38
8 Pedestrian walkway... 40
9 Roadbed... 44
10 Roadway facility... 48
11 Excavation, repair... 52
12 Inspection and acceptance of roadway maintenance projects... 57
13 Assessment of roadway maintenance condition... 67
14 Roadway maintenance project safety... 78
15 Document management... 80
Appendix A Facility damage report form... 83
Appendix B Roadway information card... 84
Appendix C Types of asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects... 91
Appendix D Asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects deduct values table 94
Appendix E Asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects inspection checklist 97
Appendix F Roadway maintenance condition inspection record... 99
Explanation of wording in this code... 102
List of quoted standards... 103
1 General
1.0.1 This Code is formulated, in order to maintain the functions of urban road facilities,
ensure their intactness and safe operation, improve service levels, unify technical
standards, standardize maintenance work.
1.0.2 This Code applies to the maintenance of urban roads (including roadways,
pedestrian walkways, parking lots, squares, roadway facility), which are delivered for
use after completion acceptance.
1.0.3 Bridge maintenance on urban roads shall comply with the current industry
standard "Technical code of maintenance for city bridge" CJJ 99.
1.0.4 In addition to complying with this Code, the maintenance of urban roads shall
also comply with the relevant current national standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Pavement condition index (PCI)
An index, which characterizes the intactness condition of the pavement.
2.1.2 Riding quality index (RQI)
An index, which characterizes the driving comfort of the pavement.
2.1.3 Pavement quality index (PQI)
A comprehensive index, which characterizes the pavement intactness and driving
comfort.
3 Basic requirements
3.0.1 The maintenance of urban roads shall include inspection and assessment of road
facilities, as well as maintenance work and technical file management.
3.0.4 The technical condition assessment of urban roads shall be divided into four levels.
A - Excellent, B - Good, C - Qualified, D - Unqualified.
3.0.5 Urban roads shall be regularly inspected, tested and evaluated; annual
maintenance plans and mid-term road maintenance plans shall be formulated, based on
the assessment results.
3.0.13 Rapid rehabilitation technology should be used for the rehabilitation of important
traffic nodes or road sections with high maintenance time limits.
3.0.14 Dust prevention and noise reduction measures shall be taken, for urban road
maintenance.
4 Roadway condition inspection, assessment and maintenance strategy
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Urban roads in use shall be inspected and assessed, according to provisions; it
shall grasp the technical status of the roads in a timely manner; take corresponding
maintenance measures.
4.2 Periodic inspection
4.2.1 Routine inspections shall be responsible by trained full-time road management
personnel or maintenance technicians.
4.2.2 Routine inspections shall check the pavement appearance changes, structural
changes, road construction work conditions, roadway facility.
4.2.3 Daily inspections should be based on visual inspection; it shall keep relevant
records.
4.2.6 Routine inspections shall include the following.
4.3 Periodic inspection
4.3.1 The following work shall be done before periodic inspection.
4.3.2 Periodic inspection shall be divided into routine testing and structural strength
testing. Routine testing shall be done once every year. Structural strength testing shall
be performed once every 2 ~ 3 years for roads under level I maintenance. Structural
strength testing should be performed once every 3 ~ 4 years for roads under level II and
III maintenance.
4.5.6 The pavement quality index PQI of asphalt pavement and cement concrete
pavement shall be calculated, according to the following formula. Meanwhile, it shall
comply with the provisions of Table 4.5.6.
5 Asphalt pavement
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Special machinery and corresponding rapid rehabilitation methods shall be used,
for maintenance and rehabilitation of asphalt pavement.
5.2 Preventive maintenance
5.2.1 Preventive maintenance shall be carried out, in a timely manner after the asphalt
pavement is completed and used. Preventive maintenance measures shall meet technical
requirements, such as pavement technical condition, traffic volume, road grade, etc.;
materials shall meet environmental protection requirements.
5.3 of this Code.
5.2.4 Appropriate preventive maintenance measures can be taken, according to the
value range of the pavement technical condition index. The following measures should
be adopted.
5.2.6 (Sand-containing) fog seal should be used as the upper seal of urban expressways
and trunk roads, which shall comply with the following requirements.
1 The (sand-containing) fog seal should be constructed using special spraying
equipment. Dust, sand and other debris on the pavement shall be removed, before
construction. During construction, the pavement temperature shall be greater than
or equal to 15 °C; the ambient humidity should be less than or equal to 80%. Fog
sealing shall not be carried out, before or during raining.
2 Preventive maintenance measures, using (sand-containing) fog seal, shall test the
anti-skid performance of the pavement. After applying the fog seal, the anti-skid
performance of the pavement shall meet the requirements of Grade B and above in
Table 4.5.5 of this Code. After the (sand-containing) fog seal is sprayed, the
pavement shall be closed for maintenance; it can be opened to traffic only after the
fog seal dries.
5.2.7 The gravel seal shall comply with the following requirements.
5.3 Pavement distress repairs
5.3.1 Repair of cracks shall comply with the following provisions.
5.3.3 The repair of tracks shall comply with the following requirements.
5.3.10 The repair of small grain spouting out shall comply with the following
requirements.
5.4 Pavement rehabilitation
5.4.1 Pavement rehabilitation shall comply with the following requirements.
5.4.2 Pavement reinforcing materials shall be selected, according to the technical
condition and maintenance level of the road.
6 Concrete pavement
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Roads under level I and II maintenance should be constructed, using special
machinery and corresponding rapid rehabilitation methods.
6.1.6 If the cement concrete pavement is contaminated by chemical agents or oil, it shall
be removed in time.
6.2 Joint maintenance
6.2.1 Debris in cement concrete pavement joints shall be removed in time and the joints
shall be filled.
6.3 Pavement distress repairs
6.3.1 Cement concrete pavement crack repair shall comply with the following
requirements.
6.3.4 The repair of potholes shall comply with the following requirements.
6.3.5 Maintenance of faulting of slab ends shall comply with the following requirements.
6.4.4 The improvement of cement concrete pavement shall be based on local conditions.
Cement or asphalt concrete subbase can be added.
7 Other pavements
7.1 Gravel roadway
7.1.5 When the depth of the rough stripes on the stone pavement is less than 2 mm, it
shall be roughened and shall meet the anti-skid requirements.
7.1.6 The maintenance quality of stone pavement shall comply with the provisions of
Article 12.4.2 of this Code.
7.2 Prefabricated Portland cement concrete roadway
7.2.4 When the ratio -- of the long side to the thickness of the selected building block -
- is greater than or equal to 5, in addition to meeting the requirements of Article 7.2.3
of this Code, its flexural and tensile strength shall not be less than 4.0 MPa.
7.2.5 The appearance quality of block pavement maintenance and rehabilitation shall
comply with the following requirements.
7.2.6 The maintenance quality of block pavement shall comply with the provisions of
Article 12.4.2 of this Code.
8 Pedestrian walkway
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 Pedestrian walkway maintenance shall include the maintenance of the base course,
subbase, barrier-free facilities, curb stones, tree pits, steps, etc.
8.2.1 When paving the subbase blocks of pedestrian walkway, it shall provide a base
course, that meets the strength requirements.
8.2.2 When the pedestrian walkway sinks or bulges, the base course shall be
rehabilitated.
8.2.3 When other materials are used to rehabilitate the base course, their strength shall
not be lower than the original base course material.
8.2.4 Thin-layer attachment shall not be used for base course rehabilitation.
8.3 Subbase
8.3.1 Subbase maintenance shall include the following contents.
8.3.4 The gaps between the subbase blocks shall be fully filled; the blocks shall be
arranged neatly; the subbase shall be stable and flat; the drainage shall be smooth.
8.3.5 Cushion materials can be dry sand, stone chips, lime mortar, cement mortar, etc.
8.4.4 During road rehabilitation and pedestrian walkway reconstruction, C15 cement
concrete shall be used as the backfill for the curb stones.
8.4.5 For the rehabilitation and maintenance of granite and marble curb stones, the joint
width shall not be less than 3 mm; the maximum joint width shall not exceed 10 mm.
8.4.6 The quality acceptance standards for curb stone maintenance shall comply with
the provisions of Table 12.5.2-3 of this Code.
8.4.7 The curb stone standards shall comply with the provisions of Table 8.4.7.
8.5 Tree pits
8.5.1 The size of the pedestrian walkway tree pit shall be determined, according to the
width of the pedestrian walkway; meanwhile it should not be less than 1 m × 1 m.
8.5.2 Tree pits shall be reserved for un-greened pedestrian walkways. The distance
between the border and the curb stone should be greater than 300 mm.
8.6 Walkway steps
8.6.1 If the steps are damaged or unstable, they shall be repaired in time.
8.6.2 The height of each step of the maintenance steps shall be consistent. The top
surface of the steps shall be non-slip.
9 Roadbed
9.1 General requirements
9.1.1 Urban roadbed maintenance shall include the maintenance of the roadbed
structure and its protective facilities. The roadbed protective facilities shall include
shoulders, side slopes, retaining walls, etc.
9.2 Roadbed
9.2.1 Preventive maintenance work shall be strengthened on road sections, which are
prone to roadbed distress. Before the rainy season, shoulders and edge drains shall be
inspected and rehabilitated; cracks and potholes in the pavement shall be rehabilitated.
9.2.6 If the roadbed slips, it shall find the cause and take targeted reinforcement
measures.
9.3 Shoulders
9.3.1 Shoulders shall be kept intact, flat, solid, smooth.
9.3.2 Deformations, pits, soil accumulation on the edges of shoulders shall be dealt with
in a timely manner.
9.3.3 The cross slope of the soil shoulder shall meet the drainage requirements.
9.4 Side slopes
9.5 Retaining walls
9.5.1 Retaining walls shall be inspected regularly; if any abnormalities are found, it
shall find the causes and take measures promptly.
9.5.2 If cracks or fractures appear on walls and slope surfaces, they shall be stabilized
first and then rehabilitated.
GJJ
INDUSTRY STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P CJJ 36-2016
Filing No.. J 528-2016
Technical code of maintenance for urban road
Issued on. NOVEMBER 15, 2016
Implemented on. MAY 01, 2017
Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC.
Technical code of maintenance for urban road
Main drafting organization. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of
PRC
Effective date. May 1, 2017
China Construction Industry Press
2016 Beijing
Table of Contents
Foreword... 7
1 General... 9
2 Terms and symbols... 9
2.1 Terms... 9
2.2 Symbols... 10
3 Basic requirements... 11
4 Roadway condition inspection, assessment and maintenance strategy... 12
5 Asphalt pavement... 26
6 Concrete pavement... 33
7 Other pavements... 38
8 Pedestrian walkway... 40
9 Roadbed... 44
10 Roadway facility... 48
11 Excavation, repair... 52
12 Inspection and acceptance of roadway maintenance projects... 57
13 Assessment of roadway maintenance condition... 67
14 Roadway maintenance project safety... 78
15 Document management... 80
Appendix A Facility damage report form... 83
Appendix B Roadway information card... 84
Appendix C Types of asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects... 91
Appendix D Asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects deduct values table 94
Appendix E Asphalt, concrete and pedestrian pavement defects inspection checklist 97
Appendix F Roadway maintenance condition inspection record... 99
Explanation of wording in this code... 102
List of quoted standards... 103
1 General
1.0.1 This Code is formulated, in order to maintain the functions of urban road facilities,
ensure their intactness and safe operation, improve service levels, unify technical
standards, standardize maintenance work.
1.0.2 This Code applies to the maintenance of urban roads (including roadways,
pedestrian walkways, parking lots, squares, roadway facility), which are delivered for
use after completion acceptance.
1.0.3 Bridge maintenance on urban roads shall comply with the current industry
standard "Technical code of maintenance for city bridge" CJJ 99.
1.0.4 In addition to complying with this Code, the maintenance of urban roads shall
also comply with the relevant current national standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Pavement condition index (PCI)
An index, which characterizes the intactness condition of the pavement.
2.1.2 Riding quality index (RQI)
An index, which characterizes the driving comfort of the pavement.
2.1.3 Pavement quality index (PQI)
A comprehensive index, which characterizes the pavement intactness and driving
comfort.
3 Basic requirements
3.0.1 The maintenance of urban roads shall include inspection and assessment of road
facilities, as well as maintenance work and technical file management.
3.0.4 The technical condition assessment of urban roads shall be divided into four levels.
A - Excellent, B - Good, C - Qualified, D - Unqualified.
3.0.5 Urban roads shall be regularly inspected, tested and evaluated; annual
maintenance plans and mid-term road maintenance plans shall be formulated, based on
the assessment results.
3.0.13 Rapid rehabilitation technology should be used for the rehabilitation of important
traffic nodes or road sections with high maintenance time limits.
3.0.14 Dust prevention and noise reduction measures shall be taken, for urban road
maintenance.
4 Roadway condition inspection, assessment and maintenance strategy
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Urban roads in use shall be inspected and assessed, according to provisions; it
shall grasp the technical status of the roads in a timely manner; take corresponding
maintenance measures.
4.2 Periodic inspection
4.2.1 Routine inspections shall be responsible by trained full-time road management
personnel or maintenance technicians.
4.2.2 Routine inspections shall check the pavement appearance changes, structural
changes, road construction work conditions, roadway facility.
4.2.3 Daily inspections should be based on visual inspection; it shall keep relevant
records.
4.2.6 Routine inspections shall include the following.
4.3 Periodic inspection
4.3.1 The following work shall be done before periodic inspection.
4.3.2 Periodic inspection shall be divided into routine testing and structural strength
testing. Routine testing shall be done once every year. Structural strength testing shall
be performed once every 2 ~ 3 years for roads under level I maintenance. Structural
strength testing should be performed once every 3 ~ 4 years for roads under level II and
III maintenance.
4.5.6 The pavement quality index PQI of asphalt pavement and cement concrete
pavement shall be calculated, according to the following formula. Meanwhile, it shall
comply with the provisions of Table 4.5.6.
5 Asphalt pavement
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Special machinery and corresponding rapid rehabilitation methods shall be used,
for maintenance and rehabilitation of asphalt pavement.
5.2 Preventive maintenance
5.2.1 Preventive maintenance shall be carried out, in a timely manner after the asphalt
pavement is completed and used. Preventive maintenance measures shall meet technical
requirements, such as pavement technical condition, traffic volume, road grade, etc.;
materials shall meet environmental protection requirements.
5.3 of this Code.
5.2.4 Appropriate preventive maintenance measures can be taken, according to the
value range of the pavement technical condition index. The following measures should
be adopted.
5.2.6 (Sand-containing) fog seal should be used as the upper seal of urban expressways
and trunk roads, which shall comply with the following requirements.
1 The (sand-containing) fog seal should be constructed using special spraying
equipment. Dust, sand and other debris on the pavement shall be removed, before
construction. During construction, the pavement temperature shall be greater than
or equal to 15 °C; the ambient humidity should be less than or equal to 80%. Fog
sealing shall not be carried out, before or during raining.
2 Preventive maintenance measures, using (sand-containing) fog seal, shall test the
anti-skid performance of the pavement. After applying the fog seal, the anti-skid
performance of the pavement shall meet the requirements of Grade B and above in
Table 4.5.5 of this Code. After the (sand-containing) fog seal is sprayed, the
pavement shall be closed for maintenance; it can be opened to traffic only after the
fog seal dries.
5.2.7 The gravel seal shall comply with the following requirements.
5.3 Pavement distress repairs
5.3.1 Repair of cracks shall comply with the following provisions.
5.3.3 The repair of tracks shall comply with the following requirements.
5.3.10 The repair of small grain spouting out shall comply with the following
requirements.
5.4 Pavement rehabilitation
5.4.1 Pavement rehabilitation shall comply with the following requirements.
5.4.2 Pavement reinforcing materials shall be selected, according to the technical
condition and maintenance level of the road.
6 Concrete pavement
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Roads under level I and II maintenance should be constructed, using special
machinery and corresponding rapid rehabilitation methods.
6.1.6 If the cement concrete pavement is contaminated by chemical agents or oil, it shall
be removed in time.
6.2 Joint maintenance
6.2.1 Debris in cement concrete pavement joints shall be removed in time and the joints
shall be filled.
6.3 Pavement distress repairs
6.3.1 Cement concrete pavement crack repair shall comply with the following
requirements.
6.3.4 The repair of potholes shall comply with the following requirements.
6.3.5 Maintenance of faulting of slab ends shall comply with the following requirements.
6.4.4 The improvement of cement concrete pavement shall be based on local conditions.
Cement or asphalt concrete subbase can be added.
7 Other pavements
7.1 Gravel roadway
7.1.5 When the depth of the rough stripes on the stone pavement is less than 2 mm, it
shall be roughened and shall meet the anti-skid requirements.
7.1.6 The maintenance quality of stone pavement shall comply with the provisions of
Article 12.4.2 of this Code.
7.2 Prefabricated Portland cement concrete roadway
7.2.4 When the ratio -- of the long side to the thickness of the selected building block -
- is greater than or equal to 5, in addition to meeting the requirements of Article 7.2.3
of this Code, its flexural and tensile strength shall not be less than 4.0 MPa.
7.2.5 The appearance quality of block pavement maintenance and rehabilitation shall
comply with the following requirements.
7.2.6 The maintenance quality of block pavement shall comply with the provisions of
Article 12.4.2 of this Code.
8 Pedestrian walkway
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 Pedestrian walkway maintenance shall include the maintenance of the base course,
subbase, barrier-free facilities, curb stones, tree pits, steps, etc.
8.2.1 When paving the subbase blocks of pedestrian walkway, it shall provide a base
course, that meets the strength requirements.
8.2.2 When the pedestrian walkway sinks or bulges, the base course shall be
rehabilitated.
8.2.3 When other materials are used to rehabilitate the base course, their strength shall
not be lower than the original base course material.
8.2.4 Thin-layer attachment shall not be used for base course rehabilitation.
8.3 Subbase
8.3.1 Subbase maintenance shall include the following contents.
8.3.4 The gaps between the subbase blocks shall be fully filled; the blocks shall be
arranged neatly; the subbase shall be stable and flat; the drainage shall be smooth.
8.3.5 Cushion materials can be dry sand, stone chips, lime mortar, cement mortar, etc.
8.4.4 During road rehabilitation and pedestrian walkway reconstruction, C15 cement
concrete shall be used as the backfill for the curb stones.
8.4.5 For the rehabilitation and maintenance of granite and marble curb stones, the joint
width shall not be less than 3 mm; the maximum joint width shall not exceed 10 mm.
8.4.6 The quality acceptance standards for curb stone maintenance shall comply with
the provisions of Table 12.5.2-3 of this Code.
8.4.7 The curb stone standards shall comply with the provisions of Table 8.4.7.
8.5 Tree pits
8.5.1 The size of the pedestrian walkway tree pit shall be determined, according to the
width of the pedestrian walkway; meanwhile it should not be less than 1 m × 1 m.
8.5.2 Tree pits shall be reserved for un-greened pedestrian walkways. The distance
between the border and the curb stone should be greater than 300 mm.
8.6 Walkway steps
8.6.1 If the steps are damaged or unstable, they shall be repaired in time.
8.6.2 The height of each step of the maintenance steps shall be consistent. The top
surface of the steps shall be non-slip.
9 Roadbed
9.1 General requirements
9.1.1 Urban roadbed maintenance shall include the maintenance of the roadbed
structure and its protective facilities. The roadbed protective facilities shall include
shoulders, side slopes, retaining walls, etc.
9.2 Roadbed
9.2.1 Preventive maintenance work shall be strengthened on road sections, which are
prone to roadbed distress. Before the rainy season, shoulders and edge drains shall be
inspected and rehabilitated; cracks and potholes in the pavement shall be rehabilitated.
9.2.6 If the roadbed slips, it shall find the cause and take targeted reinforcement
measures.
9.3 Shoulders
9.3.1 Shoulders shall be kept intact, flat, solid, smooth.
9.3.2 Deformations, pits, soil accumulation on the edges of shoulders shall be dealt with
in a timely manner.
9.3.3 The cross slope of the soil shoulder shall meet the drainage requirements.
9.4 Side slopes
9.5 Retaining walls
9.5.1 Retaining walls shall be inspected regularly; if any abnormalities are found, it
shall find the causes and take measures promptly.
9.5.2 If cracks or fractures appear on walls and slope surfaces, they shall be stabilized
first and then rehabilitated.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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