GB/T 43332-2023 (GB/T43332-2023, GBT 43332-2023, GBT43332-2023) & related versions
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Safety requirements of conductive charging and discharging for electric vehicles
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GB/T 43332-2023: PDF in English (GBT 43332-2023)
GB/T 43332-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 40
Safety Requirements of Conductive Charging and
Discharging for Electric Vehicles
(ISO 17409:2020, Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles - Conductive Power Transfer -
Safety Requirements, MOD)
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
Introduction ... 8
1 Scope ... 9
2 Normative References ... 9
3 Terms and Definitions ... 11
4 Requirements for Power Supply Plugs and Vehicle Socket-outlets ... 12
4.1 Requirements for Power Supply Plugs (connection mode A) ... 12
4.2 Requirements for Vehicle Socket-outlets ... 12
5 Requirements for Protection against Electric Shock ... 13
5.1 General Requirements ... 13
5.2 Basic Protection When Connected to External Electric Power Supply ... 13
5.3 Protective Conductor ... 13
5.4 Insulation Resistance ... 15
5.5 Requirements When Not Connected to External Electric Power Supply ... 15
5.6 Insulation Coordination ... 18
5.7 Touch Current When Connected to External Electric Power Supply ... 18
5.8 Residual Current Device (RCD) ... 18
6 Requirements for Thermal Accident Protection... 19
6.1 Requirements under Normal Operating Conditions ... 19
6.2 Overcurrent Protection ... 19
6.3 Arc Protection of DC Connection ... 21
6.4 Remaining Power after Disconnection ... 21
6.5 Instantaneous Overvoltage ... 22
7 Additional Requirements for AC Charging ... 22
7.1 Voltage and Frequency Ranges of Normal Operation ... 22
7.2 Current Characteristics... 22
7.3 Power Factor ... 23
7.4 Interlock Function of Vehicle Interface ... 24
7.5 Phase Sequence of Three-phase Charging ... 24
8 Additional Requirements for DC Charging ... 24
8.1 General Requirements ... 24
8.2 Breaking Device ... 25
8.3 Control Pilot Function ... 25
8.4 Vehicle Insulation Monitoring System ... 25
8.5 Locking of Vehicle Plug ... 25
8.6 Temperature of Contacts ... 25
8.7 Overvoltage of Load Dump ... 26
8.8 Compatibility of Insulation Monitoring System ... 26
9 Requirements for External Discharge ... 27
9.1 General Requirements ... 27
9.2 AC Discharge ... 27
9.3 DC Discharge ... 29
10 Requirements for Functional Safety ... 29
10.1 Vehicle Operation ... 29
10.2 Charging Operation ... 29
10.3 Electromagnetic Immunity ... 30
11 Requirements for Environmental Conditions ... 30
11.1 General Requirements ... 30
11.2 Protection Degree ... 30
11.3 Surface Temperature ... 31
11.4 Electromagnetic Disturbance ... 31
12 User Manual and Markings ... 31
12.1 User Manual ... 31
12.2 Markings ... 31
13 Test Methods ... 31
13.1 General Rules ... 31
13.2 Protective Conductor Resistance Test ... 32
13.3 Insulation Resistance Test ... 32
13.4 Withstand Voltage Test ... 33
13.5 Surge Current Test ... 35
13.6 Test of Touch Current ... 36
13.7 Test of DC Maximum Charging Current ... 41
13.8 DC Power Contact Overtemperature Test ... 42
Appendix A (informative) Comparison of Structural No. between This Document and
ISO 17409:2020 ... 44
Appendix B (informative) Measurement of Y Capacitance ... 45
B.1 General Rules ... 45
B.2 Test Devices ... 45
B.3 Test Procedures ... 47
Bibliography ... 49
Safety Requirements of Conductive Charging and
Discharging for Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety requirements for conductive charging and discharging of
electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”) when they are conductively connected
to an external electric power supply or external load.
This document is applicable to vehicles whose socket-outlets (connection mode B and
connection mode C) comply with GB/T 20234.2 and / or GB/T 20234.3, and power supply
plugs (connection mode A) comply with GB/T 1002 and / or GB/T 20234.2.
This document is applicable to vehicles with power supply circuit of Class B voltage and can
be externally charged and discharged. Vehicles whose power supply circuit is Class A voltage
may take this document as a reference in the implementation.
This document is applicable to charging mode 2, charging mode 3 and charging mode 4 defined
in GB/T 18487.1-2023. For charging mode 4, this document is applicable to conductive
charging with an isolated off-board charger.
NOTE 1: this document does not provide the requirements for charging mode 1.
NOTE 2: the external electric power supply does not belong to the vehicle.
This document is applicable to the on-board part of the vehicle power supply circuit, and also
applies to the charging and discharging control function of the vehicles conductively connected
to an external electric power supply or external load.
This document does not apply to general safety precautions for manufacturing, maintenance
and repair personnel.
NOTE 3: for general safety requirements for the vehicles, see GB 18384.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1002 Single Phase Plugs and Socket-outlets for Household and Similar Purposes - Types,
Basic Parameters and Dimensions
diagram of Scheme 2)
5.3.3 All exposed conductive parts of components on the vehicle power supply circuit shall be
connected to the vehicle electric platform through protective conductors.
5.3.4 The cross-sectional area of the protective conductors shall be designed in accordance with
GB/T 16895.3.
5.3.5 The protective conductors of the vehicle power supply circuit shall be designed based on
relevant parameters (such as: fault current and breaking time), with consideration of the energy
sources of the vehicle itself and external electric power supply.
5.3.6 The connection resistance of the protective conductors between the protective conductor
contacts of the power supply plug (connection mode A) and the vehicle socket-outlet
(connection mode B and connection mode C), and the vehicle electric platform, as well as
between all exposed conductive parts on the vehicle power supply circuit, shall be less than 0.1
, and shall be applicable to all conduction paths that function as protective conductor
connections.
5.4 Insulation Resistance
5.4.1 AC connection
When the vehicle is not connected to an external electric power supply, the insulation resistance
of the vehicle power supply circuit shall be not less than 500 /V, and the measurement
reference voltage shall be the maximum working voltage of the vehicle power supply circuit.
5.4.2 DC connection
5.4.2.1 When the vehicle is not connected to an external electric power supply, the insulation
resistance of the on-board part of the vehicle power supply circuit shall comply with the
requirements of GB 18384.
5.4.2.2 When the vehicle is connected to an off-board charger, the total insulation resistance of
the vehicle power supply circuit shall be not less than 100 /V. The safety requirements when
the vehicle is connected to an external electric power supply shall comply with 8.1.
5.5 Requirements When Not Connected to External Electric Power Supply
5.5.1 General requirements
5.5.1.1 When the contacts of the power supply plug (connection mode A) and vehicle socket-
outlet (connection mode B and connection mode C) are not connected to the external electric
power supply and are in one of the following states, they shall satisfy the requirements of 5.5.3:
a) If the contacts cannot be touched by the probe 18 specified in GB/T 16842, then,
within 10 s the contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection;
b) If the contacts comply with IPXXB specified in GB/T 30038, then, within 5 s the
contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection;
c) If the contacts do not comply with IPXXB specified in GB/T 30038, then, within 1 s
the contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection.
5.5.1.2 If the power supply plug (connection mode A) and the vehicle socket-outlet (connection
mode B and connection mode C) are equipped with an electronic locking device, the vehicle
shall be allowed to be unlocked after reaching the relevant thresholds specified in 5.5.2 and
5.5.3.
5.5.1.3 If the power supply plug (connection mode A) and the vehicle socket-outlet (connection
mode B and connection mode C) are not equipped with an electronic locking device, when the
contacts are not connected to the external electric power supply and are in one of the following
states, they shall satisfy the requirements of 5.5.2:
a) If the contacts cannot be touched by the probe 18 specified in GB/T 16842, then,
within 10 s the contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection;
b) If the contacts comply with IPXXB specified in GB/T 30038, then, within 5 s the
contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection;
c) If the contacts do not comply with IPXXB specified in GB/T 30038, then, within 1 s
the contacts are disconnected from the conductive charging connection.
NOTE 1: if the contacts comply with IPXXD, then, they shall be deemed to comply with IPXXB.
NOTE 2: the locking device is usually located on the vehicle or external electrical equipment.
5.5.2 Normal operation
5.5.2.1 When the contacts of the power supply plug (connection mode A) and the vehicle
socket-outlet (connection mode B and connection mode C) are not connected to the external
electric power supply, they shall at least satisfy the following requirements:
a) The contacts shall comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038;
b) When they do not comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038, the voltage between
the contacts and any other contact, and between the contacts and the electric platform
shall be less than DC 60 V and AC 30 V;
c) When they do not comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038, the steady-state
touch current between the contacts and any other contact, and between the contacts
and the electric platform shall be less than AC 0.5 mA and DC 2 mA, and the electric
energy stored between the contacts and any other contact, as well as between the
contacts and the electric platform, shall not trigger a startle reaction. The limits are
specified by the manufacturer with reference to GB/T 13870 (all parts).
NOTE 1: GB/T 17045 and GB/T 13870.1 provide the steady-state touch current threshold.
NOTE 2: independent of the electric energy stored in the on-board power supply (for example, a
rechargeable energy storage system), the touch current touching this electric energy is
limited by a sufficiently high protective impedance.
NOTE 3: GB/T 13870.2 provides the stipulations for perception threshold and pain threshold.
NOTE 4: GB/T 13870.2 provides the specified charge or specified electric energy for the pain
threshold. The specified electric energy provided by GB/T 13870.2 may not be relevant
to the fault type of the socket-outlet.
5.5.2.2 If it can be proven through design review that there is no conductive path from the on-
board power supply (for example, a rechargeable energy storage system) to the accessible
conductor part, then, it can be regarded as satisfying the requirements for steady-state touch
current.
5.5.3 Operation under single-point failure condition
5.5.3.1 Under the condition of single-point failure, when the contacts of the power supply plug
(connection mode A) and the vehicle socket-outlet (connection mode B and connection mode
C) are not connected to the external electric power supply, they shall satisfy at least one of the
following requirements:
a) The contacts shall comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038;
b) When they do not comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038, the voltage between
the contacts and any other contact, and between the contacts and the electric platform
shall be less than DC 60 V and AC 30 V;
NOTE 1: a power outage will generate the same voltage levels as under normal operating
conditions. Different thresholds are independent of single-point failure situations.
c) When they do not comply with IPXXD specified in GB/T 30038, the steady-state
touch current between the contacts and any other contact, and between the contacts
and the electric platform shall be less than AC 3.5 mA and DC 10 mA, and the electric
energy stored between the contacts and any other contact, and between the contacts
and the electric platform shall not trigger strong involuntary muscle reactions. The
limits are specified by the manufacturer with reference to GB/T 13870 (all parts).
NOTE 2: GB/T 17045 and GB/T 13870.1 provide the steady-state touch current threshold.
NOTE 3: independent of the electric energy stored in the on-board power supply (for example, a
rechargeable energy storage system), the touch current touching this electric energy is
limited by a sufficiently high protective impedance.
5.5.3.2 If it can be proven through design review that there is no conductive path from the on-
board power supply (for example, a rechargeable energy storage system) to the accessible
in 11.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
6 Requirements for Thermal Accident Protection
6.1 Requirements under Normal Operating Conditions
6.1.1 The cross-sectional area of the live part of the vehicle power supply circuit, as well as the
rated current of the power supply plug (connection mode A), and the vehicle socket-outlet
(connection mode B and connection mode C) shall comply with the maximum current that the
vehicle power supply circuit can carry under normal operating conditions.
6.1.2 For DC conductive charging, when considering the maximum ambient temperature of the
vehicle, if the temperature limit specified in 8.6 is not exceed, and overheating protection is
provided to prevent the vehicle power supply circuit from exceeding the temperature limit, the
cross-sectional area of the live parts can be reduced.
6.1.3 Appropriate measures may be taken to monitor and control the temperature of the vehicle
power supply circuit. Under the condition that the DC contact temperature complies with the
stipulations of 8.6 and the temperature of other on-board parts of the vehicle power supply
circuit complies with the vehicle manufacturer’s regulations, the vehicle charging current can
be greater than the continuous maximum charging current value of the vehicle socket-outlet
and other on-board parts of the vehicle power supply circuit.
6.2 Overcurrent Protection
6.2.1 General rules
6.2.1.1 The vehicle power supply circuit shall have measures to prevent thermal accidents
caused by the following situations:
---overload.
---short circuit.
6.2.1.2 Different overcurrent protection methods can be adopted for different circuit parts.
NOTE 1: overcurrent protection is not regarded as a method of detecting and interrupting series or
parallel arcs. Arcing may cause injury. Appropriate measures to address arcing problems
include maintenance, pollution levels, insulation, clearances, creepage distances and
other modes.
NOTE 2: the rated current of the external electric power supply may be greater than the rated
current of the on-board part of the vehicle power supply circuit.
6.2.2 Overload protection
The vehicle shall provide overload protection to prevent the charging current from exceeding
the continuous maximum charging current value of the vehicle power supply circuit or the
temperature from exceeding the temperature limit of the vehicle power supply circuit.
NOTE: overload protection methods include, but are not limited to, overload monitoring and
contactor disconnection functions.
6.2.3 Short-circuit protection of AC connection
6.2.3.1 For short-circuit currents generated by the external electric power supply, one of the
following requirements shall be satisfied.
a) In accordance with the overcurrent protection characteristics of the external electric
power supply, the cross-sectional area of the live conductor of the vehicle power
supply circuit has a certain short-circuit current tolerance capacity value (I2t). The
short-circuit current tolerance capacity value (I2t) of the vehicle power supply circuit
is not less than 80,000 A2s. The short-circuit current tolerance capacity value (I2t) is
calculated in accordance with GB/T 16895.5-2012.
NOTE: overcurrent protection has a breaking time of up to 5 seconds (see GB/T 16895.21).
b) Each live conductor of the vehicle power supply circuit is provided with overcurrent
protection (such as: fuse and circuit breaker). The live conductor protected by the
overcurrent protection device has a sufficient cross-sectional area to carry the
overcurrent value corresponding to the overcurrent protection characteristic. The
cross-sectional area of the live conductor between the vehicle socket-outlet and the
overcurrent protection device satisfies a).
c) The on-board charger provides an overcurrent protection device (for example, fuse or
circuit breaker) on each live conductor of the vehicle power supply circuit. The live
conductor between the vehicle socket-outlet and the overcurrent protection device has
a sufficient cross-sectional area to carry the overcurrent value corresponding to the
overcurrent protection characteristic. The on-board part of the vehicle power supply
circuit between the vehicle socket-outlet and the overcurrent protection device can
prevent mechanical damage, so that no insulation fault occurs between live
conductors, and between live conductor and the electric platform due to single-point
failure.
6.2.3.2 The vehicle shall provide short-circuit protection against short-circuit currents generated
by the vehicle’s power supply.
6.2.4 Short-circuit protection of DC connection
6.2.4.1 Short-circuit electric energy generated by external electric power supply
For short-circuit currents generated by the external electric power supply, the following short-
circuit protection requirements shall be satisfied.
a) The short-circuit current tolerance capacity value (I2t) of the vehicle power supply
circuit is greater than 1,000,000 A2s. The minimum cross-sectional area of the live
conductor is calculated in accordance with Formula (3) of GB/T 16895.5-2012.
NOTE: the short-circuit current tolerance capacity value (I2t) corresponds to the characteristics of
the overcurrent protection device of the external electric power supply. The provided short-
circuit current tolerance capacity value is coordinated with NB/T 33001-2018.
b) The vehicle power supply circuit provides an overcurrent protection device (for
example, fuse or circuit breaker). The cross-sectional area of the live conductor
protected by the overcurrent protection device complies with the short-circuit current
breaking capacity of the overcurrent protection device. The cross-sectional area of the
live conductor between the vehicle socket-outlet and the overcurrent protection
device complies with the requirements of a). The short-circuit current breaking time
is obtained from the table of technical parameters of the overcurrent protection device.
6.2.4.2 Short-circuit current generated by vehicle power supply
6.2.4.2.1 The vehicle shall provide overcurrent protection for the vehicle power supply circuit
and the external power circuit. The overcurrent protection shall satisfy the following
requirements:
a) The cut-off current generated by the on-board power supply at the vehicle socket-
outlet contact is not greater than 30 kA;
b) The vehicle cuts off the short-circuit current from the vehicle to the external electric
power supply within 1 second after the short-circuit occurs;
c) The I2t at the vehicle socket-outlet contact is not greater than 5,000,000 A2s.
6.2.4.2.2 The cross-sectional area of the live conductor between the overcurrent protection
device and the vehicle socket-outlet shall comply with the short-circuit current breaking
capacity of the overcurrent protection device.
6.2.4.2.3 The minimum cross-sectional area of the live conductor shall be calculated in
accordance with Formula (3) of GB/T 16895.5-2012.
6.3 Arc Protection of DC Connection
The locking function of the charging interface can achieve arc protection of DC connection.
See 8.5 for interface locking.
6.4 Remaining Power after Disconnection
Within 1 second after the vehicle is disconnected from the external electric power supply, the
electric energy stored in Class B voltage live parts of the power supply plug (connection mode
A) and vehicle socket-outlet (connection mode B and connection mode C) shall be less than 20
J.
current of the vehicle is not greater than 8 A.
NOTE: in accordance with Appendix A of GB/T 18487.1-2023, if the vehicle charging current
exceeds the maximum power supply current corresponding to the PWM signal, the electric
vehicle power transmission equipment may cut off the output power supply.
7.2.1.2 The maximum allowable charging current of the cable assembly in charging mode 2
using a standard power supply plug should be 8 A.
7.2.2 Surge current
7.2.2.1 The vehicle shall limit the following surge currents from entering the vehicle power
supply circuit.
a) Event 1: the peak supply voltage that occurs after the electric vehicle power
transmission equipment closes the contactor. The peak current of each live conductor
within 100 s does not exceed 230 A. After 100 s, till the occurrence of Event 2, the
current decreases and does not exceed the limit of Event 2.
NOTE 1: the maximum surge current value of Event 1 is coordinated with the switching device of
the electric vehicle power transmission equipment to avoid sticking.
NOTE 2: The requirements of 100 s and 230 A are the limits adopted by IEC 61851-1 and IEC
62752.
b) Event 2: during the pre-charge period of the capacitor in the charger, the current of
each live conductor does not exceed 30 A (rms). The absolute value of the current
peak value does not exceed 42.4 A. When complying with the requirements of GB/T
17625.2 or GB/T 17625.7, the peak current value may exceed 42.4 A. Event 2 does
not exceed 1 s.
NOTE 3: Event 2 surge current is limited to avoid tripping of the miniature circuit breaker (MCB).
The current value of 30 A (rms) corresponds to Type B MCB with a rated current of 10
A specified in GB/T 10963.1.
NOTE 4: surge current is generated by the following two phenomena: during Event 1, the surge
current is generated by the EMC filter upstream of the charger power module; during
Event 2, the surge current is generated by the capacitor of the DC circuit on the charger
power module.
7.2.2.2 Event 2 does not need to follow Event 1.
7.3 Power Factor
7.3.1 The power factor of the vehicle at rated power shall not be lower than 0.95.
7.3.2 The power factor of the vehicle in the entire power range shall not be lower than 0.9,
unless the actual power is less than 5% of the rated power, or less than 300 W, whichever is
greater.
7.3.3 Compliance test can be performed at the complete-vehicle level or component level. When
testing at the component level, a resistive load shall be connected within the operating power
range of the test object for testing.
NOTE: generally speaking, the component-level test only considers the defined operating power
point of the complete-vehicle.
7.4 Interlock Function of Vehicle Interface
7.4.1 The connection confirmation circuit shall provide an interlock function. Within 100 ms
after the S3 switch in the connection confirmation circuit is disconnected, the vehicle shall stop
charging and the current passing through the vehicle interface shall be reduced to not greater
than 1 A.
7.4.2 When the vehicle charging current is greater than 16 A, the electronic locking device of
the vehicle socket-outlet shall provide a locking function.
7.5 Phase Sequence of Three-phase Charging
When a vehicle can be charged with three phases, the vehicle shall be able to normally operate
under the following conditions:
---When the vehicle is connected to an external electric power supply with clockwise phase
sequence (L1L2L3);
---When the vehicle is connected to an external electric power supply with
counterclockwise phase sequence (L1L3L2).
8 Additional Requirements for DC Charging
8.1 General Requirements
8.1.1 The on-board part of the vehicle power supply circuit shall satisfy the following optional
protective measures, and the following measures shall provide basic protection and fault
protection:
---Double insulation or reinforced insulation;
---Basic protection and shielding or enclosure;
---Basic protection and conductive shielding or enclosure with equipotential bonding;
---Rigid shielding or enclosure with sufficient mechanical strength and durability within
the lifetime of the vehicle;
---Other measures or mechanisms that can provide adequate protection against electric
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 43332-2023 (GB/T43332-2023) | | Description (Translated English) | Safety requirements of conductive charging and discharging for electric vehicles | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T40 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 36,313 | | Date of Issue | 2023-11-27 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-11-27 | | Drafting Organization | China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd., BYD Automobile Industry Co., Ltd., China Automotive Research Automotive Inspection Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Deep Blue Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., Geely Automobile Research Institute ( Ningbo) Co., Ltd., NIO Technology (Anhui) Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd., SAIC Maxus Automobile Co., Ltd., Xiangyang Daan Automobile Inspection Center Co., Ltd., Xi'an Zhongrong Electric Co., Ltd., Yutong Bus Co., Ltd. Company, Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd., China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Daimler Greater China Investment Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114) | | Proposing organization | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration |
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