GB/T 41651-2022 (GB/T41651-2022, GBT 41651-2022, GBT41651-2022) & related versions
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Road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between towing vehicles with coupling mounted forward and below and centre-axle trailers - Interchangeability
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GB/T 41651-2022
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GBT 41651-2022
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GB/T 41651-2022: PDF in English (GBT 41651-2022)
GB/T 41651-2022
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.08.10
CCS T 72
Road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between towing
vehicles with coupling mounted forward and below and
center-axle trailers - Interchangeability
连接 互换性
(ISO 11407:2004, Commercial road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between towing
vehicles, with coupling mounted forward and below, and center-axle trailers -
Interchangeability, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JULY 11, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Interchangeability ... 6
5 Vehicle combination ... 11
6 Vehicle interchangeability marks ... 11
Annex A (informative) Schematic diagrams for vehicle train models ... 13
Annex B (informative) Examples for calculation of minimum front turning radius .. 15
Annex C (normative) Test methods for strengths of towing truck coupling and drawbar
hanging ring of center-axle trailer ... 16
Bibliography... 20
Road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between towing
vehicles with coupling mounted forward and below and
center-axle trailers - Interchangeability
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for the interchangeability of mechanical
coupling between towing trucks with coupling mounted forward and below and center-
axle trailers, vehicle combinations and vehicle interchangeability marks.
This document is applicable to vehicle trains that consist of towing trucks with coupling
mounted forward and below AND center-axle trailers.
This document does not apply to special vehicle trains in which the coupling is mounted
at the rear of the towing truck, and the closed coupling device is mounted and can be
extended.
NOTE: The vehicle and train models that meet the requirements of this document (see Annex A)
are not interchangeable with those that meet the requirements of GB/T 41656.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3730.1, Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3730.1 as
well as the followings apply.
3.1 towing truck
Trucks with special devices for drawbar trailers, center-axle trailers and rigid bar trailers.
4 Interchangeability
4.1 Distance from the center of the pin shaft of the coupling to the rear end of the
towing truck
The horizontal distance (A) between the center of the pin shaft of the coupling and the
rear end of the towing truck (see Figure 1, Figure 2) shall meet the requirements of
Table 1. Auxiliary operating device shall be used. The operating position of the
auxiliary operating device shall not exceed 420mm from the outer edge of the vehicle.
4.2 Front turning radius
4.2.1 The horizontal distance from the center of the center-axle trailer drawbar hanging
ring hole to the front end of the center-axle trailer body is the front turning radius (C)
(see Figure 3). The minimum value Cmin is calculated according to formula (1) in the
state of the vehicle train. When the front inclination angle (α) of the center-axle trailer
relative to the towing truck is 4° and the hinge angle (β) is 40°, the slewing clearance
(S) of the towing truck and the trailer shall not be less than 250mm.
Where,
W - The width of the towing truck, in millimeters (mm);
A - The horizontal distance from the center of the pin shaft of the coupling to the rear
end of the towing truck, in millimeters (mm);
S - The slewing clearance of the towing truck and the trailer, in millimeters (mm).
NOTE 1: The forward inclination angle (α) of the center-axle trailer relative to the towing truck is
6°. When the hinge angle (β) takes all possible values, S is 365mm.
NOTE 2: A smaller value of C is determined based on the articulation angle of the towing truck and
the center-axle trailer AND the height of the towing truck and the center-axle trailer. Although it
will not cause contact and component damage between the towing truck and the center-axle trailer,
the corresponding interchangeable dimensions are a special combination and are not applicable to
this document.
Annex C
(normative)
Test methods for strengths of towing truck coupling and drawbar hanging ring
of center-axle trailer
C.1 General requirements
C.1.1 The coupling and the drawbar hanging ring shall be installed on the stand in the
same way as they are installed on the vehicle.
C.1.2 The coupling and the drawbar hanging ring may be tested individually or in
combination.
C.1.3 The test load can be loaded using the structural device shown in Figure C.1 or a
device that can achieve the same function.
Keys:
x - The length of center-axle trailer load area;
L1 - The theoretical length of the drawbar [the distance from the center of the drawbar hanging ring
to the center of the axle (axle group)].
Figure C.1 -- Schematic diagram of trailer dimensions
C.2 Determination of Dc value and V value
C.2.1 The Dc value is based on the theoretical reference value of the horizontal force
generated between the towing truck and the center-axle trailer, in kilonewtons (kN),
calculated by formula (C.1):
Where,
T - The maximum design gross mass of the towing truck with a coupling, including the
mass (S) applied to the vertical direction of the coupling device when the center-axle
trailer reaches the maximum design total mass under static conditions, in tons (t);
M - The mass of the center-axle trailer axle (axle group) that reaches the maximum
design total mass transferred to the ground, in tons (t);
g - Gravitational acceleration, g=9.81m/s2.
C.2.2 The V value is a theoretical reference value based on the vertical force generated
between the towing truck and the center-axle trailer, in kilonewtons (kN), calculated
from formula (C.2). If the value of X/L1 in formula (C.2) is less than 1, then X/L1 shall
be calculated by taking the value of 1.
Where,
a - The equivalent vertical acceleration of the connection point, a constant factor
determined by the suspension type of the rear axle (axle group) of the towing truck.
When the suspension system is air suspension (or has equivalent damping
characteristics), a=1.8m/s2; when the suspension system is other types, a=2.4m/s2;
M - The mass of the center-axle trailer axle (axle group) that reaches the maximum
design total mass transmitted to the ground, in tons (t);
x - The length of the center-axle trailer load area (see Figure C.1), in meters (m);
L1 - The theoretical length of the drawbar. It is the distance from the center of the
drawbar hanging ring to the center of the axle (axle group) (see Figure C.1), in meters
(m).
C.3 Dynamic test
C.3.1 Dynamic test simulates the actual driving conditions of the vehicle. The test load
specified in Table C.1 shall be applied to the connection point.
C.3.2 Apply dynamic test loads on the part to be tested. The dynamic test load is the
resultant force of the horizontal load and vertical load specified in Table C.1.
Simultaneous loading shall be achieved on the stand shown in Figure C.2. The resultant
force of horizontal load and vertical load shall be sinusoidal load (see Figure C.3) and
shall be asynchronous. The frequency difference between the two shall be controlled
within 1% ~ 3%.
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 41651-2022 (GB/T41651-2022) | | Description (Translated English) | Road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between towing vehicles with coupling mounted forward and below and centre-axle trailers - Interchangeability | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T72 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.080.10 | | Date of Issue | 2022-07-11 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-11-01 |
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