GB/T 31887.1-2019 (GB/T31887.1-2019, GBT 31887.1-2019, GBT31887.1-2019) & related versions
GB/T 31887.1-2019: PDF in English (GBT 31887.1-2019)
GB 31887-2015
Cycles.Retro-reflective devices
ICS 43.150
Y14
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Bicycle reflecting means
(ISO 6472-2. 1985, Cycles-Lightingandretro-reflectivedevices-
Part 2. Retro-reflectivedevices, IDT)
Published 2015-09-11
2016-10-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Preface Ⅰ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
Terms and definitions 1 3
Application 1 4 symbols and units
Optical claim 3 5
5.1 reflector 3
5.2 retroreflection tire 4
6 chromaticity requirements 4
7 Physical Requirements 5
7.1 reflectors 5
Tire 6 7.2 retroreflection
Test 8 optical reflector 8
8.1 Principle 8
8.2 Test apparatus arrangement 8
The light source 8 8.3
8.4 Receiver 9
9 viewing distance 8.5
8.6 reflector bracket (or brackets) 9
8.7 Test area reflector 9
8.8 illumination reflector 9
8.9 the directional reflector 9
9 retro-reflective optical test tire 9
9 9.1 Test Equipment arrangement
The light source 9 9.2
9.3 Receiver 9
9.4 illumination distance and the viewing distance 10
9.5 illumination reflection band 10
9.6 Test Method 10
10 color test 10
Measurement instrument 10 10.1
Visual comparison 10 10.2
10.3 Selection Method 10
11 marks 10
Foreword
This standard Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Section 7, 8.2,8.3,8.4,8.5,8.7,8.8,9.2,9.3,9.4,9.5, mandatory Chapter 11,
The rest is recommended.
This standard was drafted in accordance with rules GB/T 1.1-2009 given.
This translation method using identical with standard ISO 6742-2. 1985 "Bicycle lighting and optical reflecting means and the second physical requirements
Part. reflecting means. "
This standard made the following editorial changes.
--- is consistent with existing standard series, the standard name to "bicycle reflecting means";
--- For ease of use and more intuitive to reflect the colors of the reflector optics required technical parameters, based on ISO 6742-2. 1985
5.1 provisions clause 5.1 of this standard yellow reflector increases light intensity coefficient table 2 and the red reflection light intensity coefficient
Table 3, so the number of the table have been adjusted after it (see Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Section 7);
--- ISO 6742-2. 1985, clause 7.2.2.9 version cited "3.2" as a clerical error, this standard has been corrected to reference "5.2."
Consistency correspondence relationship with the international standard in normative documents referenced in our files are as follows.
Safety requirements for bicycles --- GB 3565-2005 (ISO 4210.1996, IDT);
--- GB/T 3977-2008 color representation (CIE15.2004, NEQ);
--- GB/T 3978-2008 and geometric standard illumination conditions (CIE15.2004, NEQ);
--- Measurement GB/T 3979-2008 object colors (CIE15.2004, NEQ).
Please note that some of the content of this document may involve patents. The issuing authority of this document does not assume responsibility to identify these patents.
The standard proposed by China Light Industry Federation.
This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee bicycle (SAC/TC155).
This standard is drafted. Kunshan City Jinxi Plastic Products Co., Sate-Lite (Foshan) Co., Ltd. plastic products.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. National Cycling Center for Standardization, Jiangsu Inspection and Quarantine bike testing center, opened in Tianjin New Technology SG
Development Corporation, Howard plastic Shanghai United States and Plastics Co., Ltd., Ningbo, HUA Hong Plastics Co., Ltd., Yantai Changhong Plastic Products Limited
Secretary, CE Rubber Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Hi Dresdner Bicycle Co., Ltd. Jiangsu new electric car, Giant (Tianjin) have
Limited, Hangzhou far photoelectric information Limited.
The main drafters. Zhang Yongqing, Tang Xianshi, Liang Wenbo, Lu Jun, Yan Dejun.
Bicycle reflecting means
1 Scope
This standard specifies the physical and optical requirements of the reflecting means bicycle.
This standard applies to ride on public roads, in particular in accordance with ISO 4210 requirements reflecting means producing a bicycle used.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
ISO 3768 metal plating neutral spray test (NSS Test) [Metaliccoatings-Neutralspraytest (NSS
test)]
ISO 4210 two bicycles bicycle safety requirements (Cycles-Safetyrequirementsofbicycles)
IEC publication No.50 (45) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary lighting (InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary-
Lighting)
CIE Publication No.15 colorimetric (Colorimetry). International Commission on Illumination (IEC ) official recommended the file
3 Terms and Definitions
IEC Publication No.50 (45) define the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Reflecting means retro-reflectivedevice
Reflector reflector
You can reply by one or more light reflecting units of readily available components.
3.2
Wide-angle reflectors wideanglereflector
Means for retroreflection sides of the axis from the reference level is not less than 50 ° angle of incidence of light can be made.
3.3
Common reflector conventionalreflector
Means for retroreflection sides of the axis from the reference level is not less than 20 ° angle of incidence of light can be made.
4 Application symbols and units
The following symbols and units apply to this document. see picture 1.
Note 1. The following symbols are predetermined in accordance with a UN/ECE No.3 about return reflection means).
1) see document E/ECE324-E/ECE/T RANS/505- Appendix 2/correction 1, No.3 states. reflecting means on the vehicles and their trailers
Terms of unity.
FIG 1 illustrates the application symbols
A. Reply effective area of the reflecting surface means, unit. cm2;
C. reference center;
NC. the reference axis;
Rr. a receiver, the visualizer or measurement devices;
CR. receiving center;
φR. Rr If the receiver is circular, its diameter means, unit. cm;
Se. a light source;
Cs. the light source center;
φS. a light source diameter, unit. cm;
De. Distance from the center of the light source to the reference center C Cs, unit. m;
D'e. the distance from the receiver to the reference center CR center C, unit. m;
Note 2. In general De and D'e is almost the same, as viewed under normal circumstances, it can be assumed to De = D'e. In order to achieve artificially increased measured
When the amount of the targeting system used from the effective distance may be employed.
D. The average diameter of the return reflected on the reflection of the tire ring, unit. mm;
α. angle of observation;
β. the angle of incidence. Given CsC always considered as horizontal straight line, so that when the reflection means for, in accordance with the NC axis with respect to the light source Se
Line position, the incident angle is defined as the symbol. is a left (-), the right is (), of the (), is lower (-). Angle may be in any direction
Is determined by two angles, i.e., the vertical angle and the horizontal angle, vertical angle is always EDITORIAL;
γ. see Rr is the aperture angle of the receiver from the point C;
δ. Se aperture angle of the light source seen from point C;
ε. the rotation angle. Facing the illuminated surface, when rotated clockwise, the rotation angle is positive; the words reflecting means if labeled "TOP" (on), and
This positive discharge of the word as a starting position.
Note 3. All angles are in degrees, minutes to FIG.
E. illuminance return reflection means, unit. lx;
CIL. intensity factor, Unit. mcd/lx.
Optical claim 5
Reflector 5.1
When tested by the method specified in clause 8, the light intensity coefficient reflector (the CIL) of not less than Table 1 or Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, a predetermined
Value.
Table 1 is applied to the front reflector, the values listed in the side reflector and the back reflector is a transparent (white) value reflector. Yellow reflection
Is the value of 5/8 should be transparent reflector (see Table 2), the value of the red of the reflector should be transparent reflector 1/4 (Table 3).
Table 4 apply to pedal reflector.
Table 1 Transparent intensity coefficient reflector (the CIL) in units of milli candela per lux
The observation angle α
The angle of incidence β
Vertical. 0 °
Levels. 0 °
± 10 °
0 °
0 °
± 20 °
0 °
± 30 °
0 °
± 40 °
0 °
± 50 °
0 ° 12 '
0 ° 20 '
1 ° 30 '26 18 11 11 11 11
NOTE. Transparent reflector incidence angle of ± 30 °, CIL value at ± 40 ° and ± 50 ° is not available at the reflector.
Table 2 Coefficient of yellow light intensity of the reflector (the CIL) in units of milli candela per lux
The observation angle α
The angle of incidence β
Vertical. 0 °
Levels. 0 °
± 10 °
0 °
0 °
± 20 °
0 °
± 30 °
0 °
± 40 °
0 °
± 50 °
0 ° 12 '
0 ° 20 '
1 ° 30 '16.25 11.25 6.88 6.88 6.88 6.88
Note. Yellow reflector incidence angle of ± 30 °, CIL value at ± 40 ° and ± 50 ° is not available at the reflector.
Table 3 coefficient of the red light intensity of the reflector (the CIL) in units of milli candela per lux
The observation angle α
The angle of incidence β
Vertical. 0 °
Levels. 0 °
± 10 °
0 °
0 °
± 20 °
0 °
± 30 °
0 °
± 40 °
0 °
± 50 °
0 ° 12 '
0 ° 20 '
1 ° 30 '6.25 4.5 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75
Note. red reflector incidence angle of ± 30 °, CIL value at ± 40 ° and ± 50 ° is not available at the reflector.
Table 4 Yellow pedal intensity coefficient reflector (the CIL) in units of milli candela per lux
The observation angle α
The angle of incidence β
Vertical. 0 °
Levels. 0 °
± 10 °
0 °
0 °
± 20 °
0 ° 12 '
0 ° 20 '
1 ° 30 '16.5 11.5 7.5
5.2 retro-reflective tires
When tested by the method specified in Chapter 9, the tire retroreflective light intensity coefficient (the CIL) not less than the value specified in Table 5.
When D < 420mm when, for each set of viewing angle and a minimum angle of incidence of the measured light value should be equal to the value D = 420mm to.
Table 5 light intensity reflection coefficient of the tire (the CIL) in units of milli candela per lux
The observation angle α
The angle of incidence β
-4 ° 20 ° 40 ° 50 °
0 ° 12 '
0 ° 20 '
1.21D
0.91D
1.06D
0.80D
0.70D
0.53D
0.21D
0.16D
1 ° 30 '0.121D 0.106D 0.070D 0.021D
6 color requirements
When tested by the method specified in Chapter 10, within the scope of the measured reflected color coordinates in Table 6 to be a predetermined chromaticity.
Note. For ease of reference, these ranges have been represented in FIG.
Table 6 chromaticity coordinates of the intersection of the boundary line of light and color (x, y)
Color coordinates
red
x 0.665 0.645 0.721 0.735
y 0.335 0.335 0.259 0.265
yellow
x 0.560 0.546 0.612 0.618
y 0.440 0.426 0.382 0.382
white
x 0.285 0.453 0.500 0.500 0.440 0.285
y 0.332 0.440 0.440 0.382 0.382 0.264
White/yellow a
x 0.380 0.509 0.618 0.440 0.380
y 0.408 0.490 0.382 0.382 0.337
only for a retroreflective tires.
7 Physical Requirements
Reflector 7.1
7.1.1 Structure
Reflector and/or reflector bracket to be fitted with a special way to ensure that the reflectors can be positioned as designed, installed in their own
Car.
FIG 2 reflecting means color boundary line sections
7.1.2 Test
7.1.2.1 General
The reflector shall comply with the requirements of Section 5.1 and 6, or in any of the tests all subjected to the test specified in 7.1.2.2 ~ 7.1.2.8
After will affect the performance of the reflector should be no loose bracket, frame no deformation.
7.1.2.2 Temperature Test
When the test according to the method described below, should not significantly damage the reflector.
The reflector is placed in the preheating furnace 50 5 0 ℃ temperature of at least 1h.
NOTE. pedal reflector may be integrally tested pedal.
7.1.2.3 Impact Test
The reflector at room temperature, when a method according to the test, the reflector mirror should not break.
And mounted on the same bicycle, the reflector is mounted in place, but the flat mirror reflector upward.
To a 13mm diameter polished solid steel ball falls from the central portion of the vertical height of 0.76m reflector mirror. Ball falls
You can have boots, but does not affect its free fall.
Note. The pedal reflectors removed from the trial.
7.1.2.4 humidity resistance test
Reflecting means, whether or not there lighting portion, after which all the parts are removable to dismantle immersed in a temperature (50 ± 5) ℃ water
10min, the highest point of the reflecting surface of the underwater part of 20mm was immersed. Then reflecting means turn 180 °, i.e., the reflection surface, so that the back surface
10min 20mm deep immersion in water, and then immediately immersed in a temperature of the reflecting means (25 ± 5) ℃ water, according to the same requirements described above
Repeat the test.
7.1.2.5 reflecting means aligned Test
, (Except for the reflector and the pedal mounted on the spoke reflector) according to the test method described below when the optical axis of the reflector during the test
Offset of not greater than 15 °, rendering a permanent offset after the test should not exceed 5 °.
And reflector means mounted on the rigid bracket a test specifically for the generic member or cooperating with the frame (which may be Ann
Rigidly mounted on the stationary bicycles are a) selecting at least three of the reflector most easily shifted in the direction of the force applied to 90N, respectively.
7.1.2.6 corrosion
When the method according to the test specified in ISO 3768, the reflector should not exhibit significant signs of corrosion, so as not to affect the finished mounting or housing
Integrity.
Neutral salt spray test should last 5Oh, including corroded twice 24h, wherein the spacer 2h, so that the specimen was dried.
7.1.2.7 resistant oil
The outer surface of the reflector 70% n- soaked in a 30% mixture of heptane and toluene (volume ratio), after 5min with detergent
Surface, then rinse with water.
7.1.2.8 Anti-lubricating
The surface purification suck lubricant cotton gently wiping reflector, 5min after washing the surface with a detergent and then rinse
clean.
7.2 retro-reflective tires
7.2.1 the position and shape of the
Retro-reflective tape should be in a continuous annular shape of retroreflective material on the tire sidewall.
7.2.2 Test
7.2.2.1 General
When the test according to 7.2.2.2 ~ 7.2.2.9, retroreflective material on the tire should be consistent with the observation angle of 5.2 α = 0 ° 12 ', or α = 0 ° 20' and
Β = angle of incidence of the light intensity coefficient of -4 ° requirements and comply with the requirements of Section 6. See table 7.
Table 7 specifies which tests should be used on a section of the tire instead of a complete tire. The tire segment is not to be made to the present standard
Physically cutting the tire test quasi predetermined down. It cuts a tire from the tire test conducted on a test does not apply to 5.2 and
Chapter 6 requirements.
Table applicability intensity coefficient and test specimens required chromaticity 7
Pilot projects
With whole tire
With some tires
Involved
The optical illumination requirements
Is there
Chromaticity requirements
7.2.2.2
7.2.2.3
7.2.2.4
7.2.2.5
7.2.2.6
7.2.2.7
7.2.2.8
7.2.2.9
The whole tire
Stage tire
Stage tire
Stage tire
The whole tire
The whole tire
The whole tire
The whole tire
As shown in Table 5
See 7.2.2.6
As shown in Table 5
As shown in Table 5
See 7.2.2.9
7.2.2.2 Temperature
When tested in accordance with the following method, retroreflective material should not affect its performance breaking, tearing or blistering.
The specimens were tested according to the following sequence.
a) at a temperature of (65 ± 5) ℃, relative humidity (10 ± 5)% environment continuously disposed 12h;
b) at a temperature of (23 ± 5) ℃, relative humidity (50 ± 10)% of IH at least placed in the environment;
c) at a temperature of (-20 ± 5) are placed consecutively in the environment ℃ 15h.
7.2.2.3 adhesion
Retroreflective material shall adhere to the tire, such as to below a predetermined stripping force is greater than it should be applied for it to peel from the base material
From, or only the base material peeling damage.
The sample was placed at ambient temperature ℃ (50 ± 5) in 30min, then transposed to a temperature of (23 ± 5) ℃ environment in 30min, then
With a sharp knife cutting a test piece is adhered to reply reflective material, and applying a tensile force per millimeter width of 1N strip, with the strip in a direction trans
Vertical reflective material, the reflective material sought to be peeled from the base material.
7.2.2.4 Scratch
Reply scratch ability reflective material should be the same tire material adjacent thereto. With a wire brush wet opposition of a sufficient gas
When shooting scraping tires, tire material, together with a reflective material is scraped off.
7.2.2.5 Impact
When the test according to the following method, around the point of impact, the reflective material within the half-width distance, retroreflective material should not crack or
Falling down from the outside of the tire.
The test piece is placed at a temperature of (-20 ± 5) ℃ IH environment, then removed from the freezer and immediately placed in the test piece solid support
On 25mm diameter solid steel ball dropped from a vertical height of 2m, impact restoring the surface of the reflective material.
7.2.2.6 corrosion
After the method 3768 by predetermined test ISO , return light intensity of the reflecting material (the CIL) be not less than 5 in Table α = 0 ° 12 'or
α = 0 ° 20 'and β = 75% at -4 °.
Neutral salt spray test should last 5Oh, including two corroded, every 24h, intermediate spacer 2h, so that the specimen was dried.
7.2.2.7 resistant oil
Soaked in retroreflection by the 70% n- heptane and 30% toluene of the test fuel (by volume) composed of cotton, gently wiping the specimen
Surface area, the surface area of the return reflection 5min detergent, and rinse with water.
7.2.2.8 Anti-lubricating
Moistened with purified lubricating oil to gently wipe the surface of the retroreflective area of the test piece, after 5min with heptane wipe solvents and other low-fat
Wiping the reflective surface area of the specimen, and then washed with a neutral detergent, then rinse.
7.2.2.9 Water immersion test
After the test piece was immersed in a temperature (23 ± 5) 1min ℃ of water, extracted 30s, measured when α = 0 ° 12 ', or α = 0 ° 20' and β = -4 °
Light intensity coefficient (CIL). This value is not less than 50% of the minimum value of 5.2.
Test 8 optical reflector
8.1 Principle
Coefficient of luminous intensity (the CIL) on the test piece is measured illuminance and properly calibrated photometer emission intensity in a selected direction
Degree determined.
8.2 Test equipment layout
Test equipment general arrangement should reflecting means as shown in FIG. 3, the receiver is located directly above the light source. However, for reflecting microspheres
Measuring the optical properties of the device, the receiver can also be placed on the side of the light source in the same horizontal plane.
The reflector arrangement of Figure 3 the test device
8.3 a light source
8.3.1 luminance of the light source should be equivalent to level A phosphor predetermined CIE Publication No.15, and should be stable.
8.3.2 pore shape and size of the light source should be selected according to the aperture of the receiver, and the viewing distance range of the device under test. A reflector
See reference center aperture angle of the light source should not exceed 10 '.
8.4 Receiver
8.4.1 The receiver should satisfy the relative spectral sensitivity of the CIE1931 standard colorimetric observer.
8.4.2 central reflector seen from reference receiver aperture angle should not exceed 10 '.
Viewing distance 8.5
The minimum viewing distance should be 10m, a distance or an equivalent amount of optical.
8.6 reflector bracket (or brackets)
8.6.1 measured reflector shall be mounted on a goniometer or other suitable holder, as long as the angle of incidence to ensure that meet the requirements.
Retro-reflector when the stent should be (measured) during a movement of the reflector about a vertical axis, a horizontal angle of incidence can be obtained; when about a
When fixed horizontal axis of rotation, normal incidence can be obtained.
8.6.2 a central region of the reflector should be located at the center of rotation, and when β = 0/0, the reflection center should be located in the center of the light passing through the axis
on-line.
8.7 Test area reflector
When making optical measurements, the maximum area of the reflecting surface of the reflector diameter should be projected onto the reference plane which is perpendicular to the axis
250mm inner circle contained 80cm2.
8.8 illumination reflector
Reflector illumination should be uniform, the average error throughout the reflective surface of the illumination is within the range of 5%.
Directional reflector 8.9
8.9.1 direction should use reflectors designed orientation for the test.
Spoke reflector should be one of the best direction for its overall performance for testing a single direction.
8.9.2 If the reflected light from the reflector positive qualities of a test point on any interfering photometric measurement readings, the reflector may be
An angle of rotation around its vertical axis or horizontal axis, the angle is not more than 4 °.
9 Reply reflected optical test tire
9.1 Test equipment layout
Overall test equipment shall be arranged as shown in FIG. 3, the receiver may be placed on the side of the light source in the same horizontal plane.
9.2 light source
9.2.1 luminance of the light source should be equivalent to level A phosphor predetermined CIE Publication No.15, and should be stable.
9.2.2 effective diameter of the lens should not exceed De/500, where De is the distance from the light source to the reflection band.
9.3 Receiver
9.3.1 The receiver should satisfy the relative spectral sensitivity of the CIE1931 standard colorimetric observer.
9.3.2 effective area size of the receiver. the distance of any point on its central receiver should be no greater than the circumference of De/1000, De is
From the light source to the reflection band.
9.4 illumination distance and the viewing distance
Distance from the light source to the receiver and the wheel center to wheel center distance should not be less than 10m.
9.5 illuminance with reflection
The receiver alignment direction of incident light reflected, uniformly along the circumference of the wheel (at intervals of not more than 45 °) measured reflection band into
Emitting light illumination. Is the average of the readings of the average illumination of the specimen. If any difference between one reading and the average luminance value is greater than 10%,
The light source should be adjusted more uniformly more.
9.6 Test Methods
9.6.1 the maximum inflation pressure of the tire testing retroreflective material, should the tire mounted on the wheel, according to the manufacturer's recommendations
The tire sufficient gas.
9.6.2 retro-reflective tape on both sides of the tire shall be tested.
9.6.3 The incident angle and observation angle listed in Table 5, the measured light intensity received by the receiver.
NOTE. The receiver of sight (line of observation) interposed between the incident ray and the axis of the return reflection band (reflector), it is regarded as a positive angle of incidence. Between incident ray received
's line of sight (the observation line) between the axis and the return reflection band (reflector), it is considered a negative angle of incidence.
10 color test
10.1 Measurement Instruments
Using a spectrometer or colorimeter should set α = 0 ° 20 'and β = chromaticity coordinates at 5 °. A specimen emitting body according to a predetermined application CIE
bright. Should follow proper calibration procedures and precautions. Particularly if a colorimeter, it should be corrected to standard color, the standard color
Spectral characteristics of the plates to be very close to the specimen. If used with standard color or gloss retro-reflector, the same apparatus should be used
Is correct geometry.
10.2 visual comparison
10.1 specimen illuminated by the method which should be compared with the color of one of the following.
a) Under the same conditions, with a reflector qualified observation comparison;
b) compared with a self-luminous body of the same brightness, chromaticity coordinates in table 6 within a predetermined range.
Comparison of the observed region to be visually shielding external light, preferably by permanent structures. The background should be in and around the rough, faint
Dark, gray and black walls. Comparative test piece member should be similar.
10.3 Method of Selection
The model used in the monitoring and correction as well as new products judged instrument measurements. Visually compared by the control method is applied to the template
Batch testing.
11 mark
Each retro-reflecting means should be persistent on landmarks.
b) manufacturer's name and trademark.
Marking a) shall be marked on the front reflecting surface, or a surface (several) of the reflecting surface. Height of the letters which are not less than 1mm.
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 31887.1-2019 (GB/T31887.1-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Cycles -- Lighting and retro-reflective devices -- Part 1: Lighting and light signalling devices | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Y14 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.150 | | Word Count Estimation | 18,126 | | Date of Issue | 2019-10-18 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-05-01 | | Drafting Organization | Jiaxing Starway Electronics Co., Ltd., Saitelite (Foshan) Plastic Products Co., Ltd., Yantai Changhong Plastic Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai Huimei Plastic Products Co., Ltd., National Bicycle Standardization Center, Giant (Kunshan) Co., Ltd., Taizhou Luqiao Xiongxin Locomotive Parts Co., Ltd., Jiande Wuxing Bicycle Industry Co., Ltd., Kunshan Product Safety Inspection Institute, National Light Electric Vehicle and Battery Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Taizhou Institute of Quality and Technical Supervision and Inspection, Tianjin Bicycle Research Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Bicycle Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 155) | | Proposing organization | China National Light Industry Federation | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
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