GB/T 2524-2019 (GB/T2524-2019, GBT 2524-2019, GBT2524-2019) & related versions
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GB/T 2524-2019: PDF in English (GBT 2524-2019)
GB/T 2524-2019
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.150.50
H 64
Replacing GB/T 2524-2010
Titanium sponge
海绵钛
ISSUED ON: JUNE 04, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Technical requirements ... 4
4 Test methods ... 7
5 Inspection rules ... 7
6 Sign, packaging, transportation, storage, quality certificate ... 8
7 Contents of order form (or contract) ... 9
Appendix A (Informative) Drawing of defective titanium sponge block ... 11
Appendix B (Normative) Sampling, preparation of specimens and test ingots,
inspection methods for appearance quality and particle size of titanium sponge products
... 13
Titanium sponge
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
marking, packaging, transportation, storage, quality certificate, order form (or contract)
content of titanium sponge.
This standard applies to titanium sponge, which is produced from titanium tetrachloride
by magnesium reduction vacuum distillation method (magnesium method for short).
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
GB/T 4698 (all parts) Methods for chemical analysis of titanium sponge, titanium
and titanium alloys
GB/T 6005 Test sieves - Metal wire cloth perforated metal plate and electroformed
sheet - Nominal sizes of openings
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement
of limiting values
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Product classification
Titanium sponge products are divided into 7 grades (designations) based on chemical
composition and Brinell hardness: MHT-95, MHT-100, MHT-110, MHT-125, MHT-
140, MHT-160, MHT-200.
3.2 Chemical composition and Brinell hardness
3.2.1 The chemical composition and Brinell hardness of titanium sponge products shall
comply with the requirements in Table 1.
3.3.2 Among standard particle size products, the weight of products which have a
particle size greater than the upper limit shall not exceed 5% of the total weight of the
batch of products, wherein the largest particle shall not be larger than 40 mm. The
weight of products which have a particle size smaller than the lower limit shall not
exceed 5% of the total weight of the batch of products.
3.3.3 Among small particle size products, the weight of products which have a particle
size greater than the upper limit shall not exceed 5% of the total weight of the batch of
products; the weight of products which have a particle size smaller than the lower limit
shall not exceed 5% of the total weight of the batch of products.
3.3.4 Among fine particle size products, the weight of products which have a particle
size greater than the upper limit shall not exceed 5% of the total weight of the batch of
products; the weight of products with a particle size smaller than the lower limit shall
not exceed 5% of the total weight of the batch of products.
3.3.5 If products with other particle size specifications are needed, OR if there are
special requirements for particle size, the supplier and the buyer shall negotiate and
indicate this in the order form (or contract).
3.4 Appearance quality
3.4.1 The product shall be light gray or silver gray sponge-like, with a clean surface and
no visually visible inclusions. Some defective titanium sponge blocks are allowed.
3.4.2 Defective titanium sponge blocks refer to: oxidized titanium sponge blocks with
obvious dark yellow or bright yellow color; oxidized and nitrogen-rich titanium sponge
blocks with dark yellow or bright yellow traces; titanium sponge block with obvious
chloride residues; titanium sponge block with high iron content and its associated
elements; titanium sponge with dark gray surface with traces of moisture absorption,
etc. Please refer to Appendix A for typical drawings of defective titanium sponge blocks.
If there are any special requirements, they shall be noted in the order form (or contract).
3.4.3 The weight of defective titanium sponge blocks in grade 0A, grade 0, grade 1
products are not allowed to exceed 0.05% of the total weight of the batch of products.
The weight of defective titanium sponge blocks in grade 2 and grade 3 products is not
allowed to exceed 0.1% of the total weight of the batch of products.
4 Test methods
4.1 The chemical composition analysis of the product shall be carried out, in accordance
with the provisions of GB/T 4698. The analysis method of impurity elements, which
are not specified in GB/T 4698, shall be determined by the supplier. If the buyer has
special requirements, it shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the
buyer.
4.2 The Brinell hardness test of the product shall be carried out, in accordance with the
provisions of GB/T 231.1. For the determination of the indentation position, see B.2.3
of Appendix B.
4.3 The particle size inspection of the product shall be carried out, in accordance with
the provisions of B.5.2 (or the method agreed between the supplier and the buyer).
4.4 The appearance quality inspection of the product shall be carried out, in accordance
with the provisions of B.5.1.
5 Inspection rules
5.1 Inspection and acceptance
5.1.1 Titanium sponge products shall be inspected by the supplier, to ensure that the
product quality complies with the provisions of this standard and the order form (or
contract); meanwhile a quality certificate shall be filled out.
5.1.2 The purchaser shall inspect the received products, in accordance with the
provisions of this standard and the order form (or contract). If the test results of
chemical composition and Brinell hardness are inconsistent with the provisions of this
standard and the order form (or contract), the purchaser shall notice the supplier within
60 days from the date of receipt of the product. If the inspection results of particle size
and appearance quality are inconsistent with the provisions of this standard and the
order form (or contract), it shall notice the supplier, within six months from the date of
receipt of the product, to be settled through negotiation between the supplier and the
purchaser. If arbitration is required, arbitration sampling shall be carried out by both the
supplier and the purchaser, in accordance with the provisions of B.4 among the products
received by the purchaser.
5.2 Group-batching
Titanium sponge products shall be submitted for acceptance in batches. Each batch shall
be composed of products of the same heat, grade (designation), particle size
specifications. The batch size is 500 kg ~ 12000 kg.
5.3 Inspection items and sampling provisions
shall be installed at the joint between the lid and the barrel.
6.2.3 Packaged products shall be stored in dry warehouses and shall not be stacked in
the open or mixed with corrosive items, such as acids and alkalis.
6.2.4 The product shall be handled with care during transportation and storage, to
prevent the product from getting wet and damp, AND to prevent the packaging barrel
from being damaged by collision.
6.2.5 During the packaging, transportation, storage of products, attention shall be paid
to fire prevention and exposure to ignition sources shall be avoided. If the product
catches fire during the packaging process, it shall use argon gas to extinguish the fire.
If the product catches fire during transportation and storage, it can choose to use dry
sand, potassium chlorite, sodium chloride, a mixture of potassium chlorite and sodium
chloride, dolomite powder, asbestos cloth to extinguish the fire. It is not allowed to use
water or foam to extinguish fires.
6.3 Quality certificate
Each batch of products shall be accompanied by a quality certificate stating:
a) Supplier’s name, address, telephone number, fax number;
b) Product name;
c) Batch number, particle size, grade or designation, weight, number of barrels;
d) Analysis results and stamp of the inspection department;
e) This standard number, order form (or contract) number;
f) Inspection date.
7 Contents of order form (or contract)
The order form (or contract) for the products, which are listed in this standard, shall
include the following content:
a) Product name;
b) Grade or designation;
c) Impurity content and particle size (if required by the buyer);
d) Quantity;
e) Number of this standard;
Appendix B
(Normative)
Sampling, preparation of specimens and test ingots, inspection methods for
appearance quality and particle size of titanium sponge products
B.1 Scope
This Appendix specifies the sampling methods for titanium sponge products and the
preparation methods of samples and test ingots for product's chemical composition
analysis and hardness determination.
This Appendix is suitable for determining the mass of titanium sponge batch products.
B.2 Supplier sampling and test ingot preparation methods for titanium sponge
products
B.2.1 Sampling method
B.2.1.1 In principle, sampling shall be carried out before the titanium sponge batch
products are packaged. It is recommended to use an automatic sampling device for
continuous sampling.
B.2.1.2 The specimen collection and preparation process shall make the sample taken
represent the average composition of the batch product as much as possible.
B.2.1.3 The tooling used to collect specimens shall ensure that the specimens do not
deteriorate or become contaminated.
B.2.1.4 Titanium sponge specimens are collected according to the following methods.
If there are special requirements, they can be resolved through negotiation between the
supplier and the buyer:
a) Taking primary specimen
After each batch of titanium sponge products is crushed, selected, fully mixed, take
specimens of 30 g ~ 300 g from the continuously flowing titanium sponge, through
an automatic sampling device, at certain time intervals. OR after batches of titanium
sponge products are fully mixed, they are put it into a stainless steel rectangular
vessel, spread to a uniform thickness, divided into equal parts according to its area;
then use a stainless steel square shovel which has a capacity of not less than 1000 g,
to take specimens of more than 300 g from each part. The total amount of specimen
collected must be more than 0.5% of the batch size, at least no less than 20 kg.
b) Taking secondary specimen
Spread the specimen collected in a) evenly on a stainless steel plate. Use the
quartering method to divide the sample into no less than 4 kg, to obtain a secondary
specimen. Then divide the secondary specimen into equal parts, to obtain 4 sets of
specimens. Each set of specimen shall not be less than 0.9 kg. The secondary
specimens represent the average composition of this batch of titanium sponge
products and are used as supply specimens, for product chemical composition
analysis and hardness test. One of them is the supplier's test specimen and the rest
are retained specimen.
B.2.2 Preparation of specimens
B.2.2.1 Suppression of consumable electrodes
Put about 0.9 kg of the supplier's test specimen (the quantity is determined by the
capacity of the stamper) into a clean stamper. Press it into a consumable electrode on a
hydraulic press. The electrode forming pressure is 300 MPa ~ 500 MPa; the pressure
holding time is 3 s ~ 5 s.
B.2.2.2 Vacuum casting titanium ingot
Put the pressed consumable electrode into a drying box to dry for 20 min ~ 40 min. The
drying temperature is 90 °C ~ 105 °C. After drying, put it into a vacuum consumable
furnace for casting. Before casting, check the system and perform pre-vacuuming. The
absolute vacuum inside the furnace shall not be greater than 0.133 Pa; the air leakage
rate shall not be greater than 0.667 Pa/min; the current intensity during casting is 900
A ~ 1100 A; the working voltage is 24 V ~ 45 V; the cooling water flow is 9 L/min ~
12 L/min. The cooling time of titanium ingots in the furnace shall not be less than 20
minutes.
B.2.2.3 Preparation of test ingots and specimens
Clamp the titanium ingot taken out from the water-cooled copper crucible on the lathe.
Remove the shrinkage part of the ingot cap, at a speed of no more than 405 r/min. Turn
off the 10 mm thick titanium layer on the lower part and the 5 mm thick side part of the
ingot. The amount of feed of the lathe and amount of cutting should be such that
oxidation does not occur on the surface of the test ingot. The sampling location is as
shown in Figure B.1.
The preparation of various types of analytical specimens is as follows:
a) Preparation of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen analysis specimens
Cut a titanium ring, which has an outer diameter of not less than 35 mm, a width
of 5 mm ~ 7 mm, a thickness of 2 mm ~ 4 mm, a mass of not less than 15 g, from
the middle of the ingot, for analysis of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen.
B.3.2 Preparation of test ingots
The pressing, casting, and preparation of each specimen of consumable electrodes shall
be carried out in accordance with B.2.2.
B.4 Arbitration sampling and preparation method of test ingots for titanium
sponge
B.4.1 Sampling
During arbitration sampling, both the supplier and the buyer shall be on site at the same
time; sampling shall be carried out according to the following methods:
a) Randomly select 20% of the number of barrels from the disputed batch of products
(not less than 3 barrels; OR all of them if the batch is less than 3 barrels); take out
no less than 20 kg of product from the upper, middle, lower parts of each barrel;
mix well; reduce it into 4 kg samples.
b) Divide the reduced 4 kg sample into three equal parts. Send one part to the
arbitration organization, one part to the supplier, one part to the purchaser.
B.4.2 Preparation of test ingots
The pressing, casting, and preparation of each specimen of consumable electrode shall
be carried out in accordance with B.2.2.
B.5 Inspection methods for appearance quality and particle size of titanium sponge
B.5.1 Appearance quality of titanium sponge
Randomly select 10% of the batch of product barrels (not less than 3 barrels; OR all of
them when the batch is less than 3 barrels). Place them on a clean stainless steel plate.
Conduct visual inspection. Select defective titanium sponge block according to the
provisions of 3.4.2. Weigh it, to determine whether its weight exceeds the requirements
of this standard.
B.5.2 Particle size inspection method
B.5.2.1 Select a sieve that meets the requirements in accordance with the requirements
of GB/T 6005. The basic size of the sieve holes shall correspond to the upper and lower
limits of the product particle size requirements.
B.5.2.2 Randomly select 10% of the batch number of product barrels (not less than 2
barrels).
B.5.2.3 Place the two-layer sieves corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the
product particle size requirements on the vibrating machine. Place the extracted product
in the upper sieve in stages. Vibrate for 2 ~ 5 minutes. After confirming that the
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 2524-2019 (GB/T2524-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Titanium sponge | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | H64 | | Classification of International Standard | 77.150.50 | | Word Count Estimation | 14,154 | | Date of Issue | 2019-06-04 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-05-01 | | Drafting Organization | Zunyi Titanium Co., Ltd., Baotai Huashen Titanium Co., Ltd., Nonferrous Metal Technology and Economic Research Institute, Pangang Group Co., Ltd. Sponge Titanium Branch, Luoyang Shuangrui Wanji Titanium Co., Ltd., Chaoyang Jinda Titanium Co., Ltd. Company, Western Titanium Co., Ltd., Western Superconducting Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Baosteel Special Steel Co., Ltd., Baotai Group Co., Ltd., Yunnan Metallurgical Xinli Titanium Co., Ltd., China Aerospace (Tangshan) Titanium Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Nonferrous Metals Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 243) | | Proposing organization | China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
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