GB/T 2523-2022 (GB/T2523-2022, GBT 2523-2022, GBT2523-2022) & related versions
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Measuring method of surface roughness, peak count and waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip
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GB/T 2523-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
CCS H 21
Replacing GB/T 2523-2008
Measuring method of surface roughness, peak count and
waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip
ISSUED ON: JULY 11, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Symbols and descriptions ... 9
5 Principle ... 10
6 Specimens ... 10
7 Measurement requirements ... 10
8 Measurement procedure ... 13
9 Rounding of measurement values ... 15
10 Test report ... 15
Annex A (normative) Marciniak cup specimen processing ... 16
Annex B (informative) Example of applying standard blocks to verify measurement
results ... 18
Annex C (informative) Measurement of filtered centre line waviness (WCA) ... 19
Bibliography ... 20
Measuring method of surface roughness, peak count and
waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip
1 Scope
This document specifies the principle, specimens, measurement requirements,
measurement procedures, rounding of measurement values and test reports for surface
roughness, peak count and waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip.
This document is applicable to the measurement of surface roughness, peak count and
waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip. It is also applicable to the cold-rolled
metal sheet and strip with surface metal coating.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3505-2009, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture:
Profile method - Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters
GB/T 6062-2009, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture:
Profile method - Nominal characteristic of contact (stylus) instruments
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
JJF 1105, Calibration Specification for Contact (Stylus) Instruments of Surface
Roughness Measurement by Profile Method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3505-
2009 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 roughness average; Ra
The arithmetic mean of the absolute value of the ordinate value Z(x) of the roughness
profile within a sampling length, see Figure 1.
to suppress short-wave components.
3.8 arithmetical mean deviation of waviness profile; Wa
Arithmetic mean of absolute values of the ordinate values of the waviness profile Z(x)
within a sampling length. It is calculated according to formula (1).
3.9 arithmetical mean of waviness profile; Wa0.8, Wsa1-5
Arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the ordinate values of the waviness profile
Z(x) within an evaluation length. It is calculated according to formula (2).
When Wa0.8 is selected, λs=8μm, λc=0.8mm. When Wsa1-5 is selected, λs=8μm,
λc=1mm and λf=5mm.
3.10 filtered waviness curve
The curve obtained after suppressing the short-wave portion with λc in the original
profile.
3.11 centre line
A reference line with a geometric profile that aligns with the profile within the sampling
length. The profile is divided by this line within the sampling length so that the areas of
the upper and lower sides are equal.
[Source: GB/T 3505-1983, definition 1.21]
3.12 filtered centre line waviness curve
The curve obtained by suppressing the long-wave portion using λf from the filtered
waviness curve.
3.13 filtered centre line waviness; WCA
Acquire a portion of length l along the filtered centre line waviness curve. The filtered
centre line waviness curve is represented by Z=f(x). Take the centerline of the sampled
section as the X axis. Its vertical magnification direction is used as the Z axis. Use
formula (3) to define the filtered centre line waviness WCA, in microns (μm):
5 Principle
Place a diamond stylus with a certain angle and tip radius vertically on the surface of
the specimen with the specified contact force. Move in a straight line at a specified rate.
The stylus moves vertically with the profile of the specimen surface. The tiny
displacements generated by this movement are converted into electrical signals by the
circuit and processed, and then Ra, Rz, Rz1 max, RPc (PPI), Wa, Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5 can
be obtained.
6 Specimens
6.1 The sampling location shall be in accordance with the relevant product standards or
agreements. When not specified, it is taken at a position that can represent the roughness
and waviness of the entire metal sheet and strip. Generally, it is located at half the width
of the strip.
6.2 For Ra, Rz, Rz1 max, RPc (or PPI), Wa and specimens that do not need to be
punched into Marciniak cups to measure Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5, it is recommended to use a
square (or circle) with a side length (or diameter) of 100mm.
6.3 When punching into Marciniak cups to measure Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5, the side length
of the sample blank shall be at least 220mm×220mm. The plastic elongation (Apx and
Apy) and the number of specimens in the two directions of the bottom of the Marciniak
cup shall be specified in the relevant product standard or agreement. The processing
method of Marciniak cup specimens shall comply with the provisions of Annex A.
6.4 Sample blanks and specimens shall be flat, free from scratches. The surface of the
specimen shall be free from rust spots, stains and other surface defects.
6.5 Scrub the measurement area of the specimen with acetone or alcohol before
measurement. Immediately measure.
7 Measurement requirements
7.1 Instruments
9 Rounding of measurement values
The value of the measurement result shall be rounded up in accordance with the
provisions of the relevant product standard or agreement. If not specified, the rounding
shall be carried out according to the following requirements. The method of rounding
is in accordance with GB/T 8170.
- Ra, Rz, Rz1 max, Wa, Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5 are rounded to 0.01μm;
- RPc (PPI) is rounded to 1.
10 Test report
If applicable, the test report shall include at least the following:
a) Reference to this document;
b) Specimen number;
c) Name and designation of material;
d) Stylus angle and tip radius;
e) Measuring direction;
f) Measurement selected λs, λc and λf lengths (when used);
g) Measurement results of Ra, Rz, Rz1 max, Wa, Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5 (when
measurement is required) and plastic elongation of Wa0.8 and Wsa1-5 (when using
Marciniak cup specimens);
h) Measurement result of RPc (or PPI) and the peak count level used (when
measurement is required);
i) All measurement conditions that differ from those specified in this document.
Annex C
(informative)
Measurement of filtered centre line waviness (WCA)
C.1 Overview
This appendix gives definitions and measurement parameters related to filtered centre
line waviness (WCA).
NOTE: Some cold-rolled automotive sheet users require this indicator to be measured.
C.2 Test parameter settings
Use the following parameter settings to measure the filtered centre line waviness:
a) Adopt 2RC75 filter;
b) The wavelength λc used to suppress the short-wave part is generally 0.8mm;
c) The wavelength λf used to suppress the long-wave part is generally 8mm;
d) The measurement length used to test WCA is generally 25mm.
C.3 Measurement
The specimen is generally a square (or circle) with a side length (or diameter) of 100mm.
When measuring, a stylus with a nominal tip angle of 90° and a radius (rtip) of 5μm shall
be used. Place the specimen flat on the measuring table. The direction of stylus travel
is in accordance with the relevant product standards or agreements. When not specified,
the stylus travel direction is perpendicular to the rolling direction. The measurement
surface of each specimen is measured at least three times. Take the arithmetic mean as
the measurement result.
C.4 Rounding of measurement values
The measurement result WCA is rounded to 0.01μm. The rounding method is in
accordance with GB/T 8170.
......
GB/T 2523-2008
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
H 21
Replace GB/T 2523-1990
Measuring method of surface roughness and peak count for
cold-rolled metal sheet (strip)
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 10, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON. MAY 1, 2009
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 4
4 Test requirements... 6
5 Measurement process and results... 8
6 Test report... 8
Appendix A (Normative) Measurement of waviness of filtering center axis WCA... 9
Appendix B (Informative) Example of verification of nominal values of a standard
block... 10
References... 11
Measuring method of surface roughness and peak count for
cold-rolled metal sheet (strip)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, test requirements, measurement
process and results, and test reports of the surface roughness and the peak count of cold-
rolled metal sheets (strips).
This standard applies to the measurement of the surface roughness and the peak count
of cold-rolled metal sheets (strips).
2 Normative references
The provisions in the following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard, however,
parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the
latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest
edition of the referenced document applies to this Standard.
GB/T 3505-2000 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -- Surface texture.
Profile method -- Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters [ISO 4287.1997,
Geometric product specifications (GPS) surface texture. profile method, terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters, MOD]
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3505-2000 and the following apply to this
standard.
Note. See Appendix A for definitions and measurement parameters related to of waviness of filtering
center axis WCA.
3.1 Roughness average
Ra
The arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile, that is, the arithmetic mean of
the absolute value of the roughness profile deviation within the sampling length, in
5 Measurement process and results
5.1 The instrument shall be calibrated with a standard block before measurement, and
the relative error of the measured value shall not be greater than 5%.
Note. Appendix B gives an example of the verification of the nominal value of the standard block.
5.2 The measuring table shall be stable, and the measurement shall be carried out in a
dry, no vibration, and non-corrosive atmosphere.
5.3 When measuring, place the sample flat on the measuring table, and make the stroke
direction of the stylus perpendicular to the rolling direction.
5.4 The sum of the respective evaluation lengths of the front and back sides of each
sample shall not be less than 25λC. If measuring several times, take the arithmetic mean
value of these measurement results.
5.5 The test shall be carried out at a temperature of (20±10) °C, otherwise, it shall be
noted in the test report.
6 Test report
If applicable, the test report shall include the following.
a) Number of this standard;
b) Sample identification;
c) The selected length of λC for measurement;
d) The arithmetic mean value of Ra;
e) The arithmetic mean values of RPC (or PPI) and the used peak count level (when
the measurement is required);
f) All measurement conditions other than those specified in this standard.
Appendix A
(Normative)
Measurement of waviness of filtering center axis WCA
This appendix gives the definitions and measurement parameters related to the
waviness of filtering center axis WCA.
Note. Some users of cold-rolled automotive sheets require the measurement of this indicator.
A.1 Terms and definitions
A.1.1 Curve of filtering wave
The curve obtained by suppressing the short-wave part of the original profile.
A.1.2 Waviness curve of filtering center axis
The curve obtained by suppressing the long-wave part of the filtering wave curve.
A.1.3 Waviness of filtering center axis
WCA
Collect a certain length (l) along the waviness curve of the filtering center axis, and
express the waviness curve of filtering center axis as Z = f (x); take the center axis of
the sampled part as X-axis and its vertical amplification direction as Z-axis; use the
following formula to define the waviness of filtering center axis WCA, in microns (μm).
Where.
[f (x)]C --- The Z value that is corresponding to the X position on the waviness curve
of filtering center axis.
A.2 Test parameter settings
The wavelength used for suppressing the short-wave part is generally 0.8 mm;
The wavelength used for suppressing the long-wave part is generally 8 mm;
The travel length used for the test of WCA is generally 25 mm.
......
Standard ID | GB/T 2523-2022 (GB/T2523-2022) | Description (Translated English) | Measuring method of surface roughness, peak count and waviness for cold-rolled metal sheet and strip | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H21 | Classification of International Standard | 77.040.99 | Word Count Estimation | 18,156 | Date of Issue | 2022-07-11 | Date of Implementation | 2023-02-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 2523-2008 | Drafting Organization | Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Wanshi Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Research Institute, Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Times Zhifeng Technology Co., Ltd., FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd. | Administrative Organization | National Steel Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 183) | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | Standard ID | GB/T 2523-2008 (GB/T2523-2008) | Description (Translated English) | Measuring method of surface roughness and peak count for cold-rolled metal sheet (strip) | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H21 | Classification of International Standard | 77.040.99 | Word Count Estimation | 9,994 | Date of Issue | 2008-10-10 | Date of Implementation | 2009-05-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 2523-1990 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 3505-2000 | Adopted Standard | SAE J911-1998, NEQ | Drafting Organization | Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Administrative Organization | National Steel Standardization Technical Committee | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Approval Announcement 2008 No.17 (Total No.130) | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | Summary | This standard specifies the terms and definitions of cold-rolled sheet metal (with) the surface roughness and the peak number, testing requirements, measurement process and results and test reports. This standard applies to the measurement of cold-rolled sheet metal (with) the surface roughness and the peak number. | Standard ID | GB/T 2523-1990 (GB/T2523-1990) | Description (Translated English) | Cold rolled sheet (strip)--Measuring method for surface roughness | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H21 | Classification of International Standard | 77.140.50 | Word Count Estimation | 9,950 | Date of Issue | 1990/7/21 | Date of Implementation | 1991/7/1 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 2523-1981 | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 17 of 2008 (No. 130 overall) | Proposing organization | Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People Republic of China | Issuing agency(ies) | State Bureau of Technical Supervision |
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