GB/T 18802.31-2021 (GB/T18802.31-2021, GBT 18802.31-2021, GBT18802.31-2021) & related versions
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Low-voltage surge protective devices -- Part 31: Surge protective devices connected to photovoltaic installations -- Requirements and test methods
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| GB/T 18802.31-2016 | English | 360 |
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Low-voltage surge protective devices -- Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. -- Part 31: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications
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GB/T 18802.31-2016
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GB/T 18802.31-2021: PDF in English (GBT 18802.31-2021)
GB/T 18802.31-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.240.10
K 30
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge
protective devices for specific application including
d.c. - Part 31. Requirements and tests for
SPDs in photovoltaic applications
ISSUED ON. FEBRUARY 24, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 01, 2016
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 6
1 Scope ... 8
2 Normative references ... 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations ... 10
3.1 Terms and definitions ... 10
3.2 Abbreviations ... 19
4 Conditions of use ... 20
4.1 Voltage ... 20
4.2 Air pressure and altitude... 20
4.3 Temperature ... 20
4.4 Humidity ... 21
5 Classification ... 21
5.1 SPD’s design type ... 21
5.2 Class I and class II tests for class 1 and class 2 SPD ... 21
5.3 Location of use ... 21
5.3.1 Indoors ... 21
5.3.2 Outdoor ... 22
5.4 Accessibility ... 22
5.4.1 Easily accessible ... 22
5.4.2 Not easily accessible ... 22
5.5 SPD disconnector (including over-current protection) ... 22
5.6 Degree of protection of enclosure ... 23
5.7 Temperature and humidity range ... 23
5.8 Multipole SPD... 23
5.9 Connection structure ... 23
5.10 SPD’s overload characteristic mode ... 25
6 Technical requirements ... 25
6.1 General requirements... 25
6.1.1 General ... 25
6.1.2 Identification ... 25
6.1.3 Markings ... 28
6.2 Electrical performance requirements ... 28
6.2.1 Protection against direct contact ... 28
6.2.2 Residual current IPE ... 29
6.2.3 Voltage protection level Up ... 29
6.2.5 Disconnector and status indicator ... 29
6.2.6 Insulation resistance ... 31
6.2.7 Dielectric strength ... 31
6.2.8 Continuous operating current (ICPV) ... 31
6.2.9 Total discharge current ITotal (for multipole SPD) ... 31
6.3 Mechanical performance requirements ... 31
6.3.1 Installation ... 31
6.3.2 Screws, current-carrying parts and connections ... 31
6.3.3 External connection ... 32
6.3.4 Electric clearance and creepage distance ... 32
6.3.5 Mechanical strength ... 32
6.4 Environmental and material requirements ... 32
6.4.1 General ... 32
6.4.2 Life test under damp heat conditions ... 33
6.4.3 Electromagnetic compatibility ... 33
6.5 Additional requirements for special SPD designs ... 33
6.5.1 One-port SPD with separate input and output terminals ... 33
6.5.2 Environmental test of outdoor SPD ... 34
6.5.3 SPD with separately-isolated circuit ... 34
6.6 Additional requirements that the manufacturer may claim ... 34
6.6.1 Maximum discharge current Imax ... 34
7 Type test ... 34
7.1 General ... 34
7.2 General test procedures ... 35
7.2.1 General ... 35
7.2.2 Impulse discharge current for class I additional load test ... 39
7.2.3 Impulse current for class I and class II residual voltage and action load tests
... 40
7.2.4 Impulse voltage for class I and class II discharge voltage tests ... 40
7.2.5 Characteristics of test power supply ... 41
7.3 Durability of marking ... 43
7.4 Electrical test ... 43
7.4.1 Test of prevention to direct contact ... 43
7.4.2 Residual current IPE ... 44
7.4.3 Qualification criteria for residual current ... 44
7.4.4 Determine the limiting voltage ... 45
7.4.5 Action load test ... 48
7.4.6 Safety performance of SPD’s disconnector and SPD overload ... 52
7.4.7 SPD’s overload performance test ... 53
7.4.8 Insulation resistance ... 57
7.4.9 Dielectric strength ... 59
7.5 Mechanical test ... 59
7.5.1 Verify electric clearance and creepage distance ... 59
7.5.2 Qualification judgment basis ... 60
7.6 Environmental and material test ... 63
7.6.1 Life test under damp heat conditions ... 63
7.6.2 Qualification criteria ... 64
7.7 Additional tests for special SPD designs ... 64
7.7.1 Two-port and one-port SPD test with separate input/output terminals ... 64
7.7.2 Environmental test of outdoor SPD ... 64
7.7.3 SPD of separately-isolated circuit ... 65
7.8 Additional tests for special performance ... 65
7.8.1 Total discharge current test of multipole SPD ... 65
8 Routine test and acceptance test ... 66
8.1 Routine test ... 66
8.2 Acceptance test ... 66
Appendix A (Normative) Test to determine if there is a switching element and
the size of follow current ... 67
A.1 Overview ... 67
A.2 Test to confirm the existence of switching (Crowbar type) component ... 67
A.3 Test to determine the size of follow current ... 67
Appendix B (Informative) Environmental test for outdoor SPD ... 69
B.1 Accelerated aging test of UV radiation ... 69
B.2 Water immersion test ... 69
B.3 Dielectric strength test ... 70
B.4 Temperature cycle test ... 71
B.5 Verification of corrosion resistance ... 71
Appendix C (Normative) Temperature rise limit ... 73
Appendix D (Informative) Transient characteristics of PV test power supply in
7.2.5.1 a) ... 75
D.1 Transient characteristics of PV test power supply in 7.2.5.1 a) ... 75
D.2 Test setup for using semiconductor switches to determine transient
characteristics of PV test power supply ... 75
D.3 Alternative test setup using fuses ... 77
References ... 79
Foreword
The structure and name of the “Low-voltage surge protective devices (SPD)”
series of standards are as follows.
- GB 18802.1 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 1. Surge protective
devices connected to low-voltage power distribution systems -
Requirements and tests;
- GB/T 18802.12 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 12. Surge
protective devices connected to low-voltage power distribution systems -
Selection and application principles;
- GB/T 18802.21 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 21. Surge
protective devices connected to telecommunications and signaling
networks - Performance requirements and testing methods;
- GB/T 18802.22 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 22. Surge
protective devices connected to telecommunications and signaling
networks - Selection and application principles;
- GB/T 18802.31 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge protective
devices for specific application including d.c. - Part 31. Requirements and
tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applications;
- GB/T 18802.311 Components for low-voltage surge protective - Part 311.
Specification for gas discharge tubes (GDT);
- GB/T 18802.321 Components for low-voltage surge protective devices -
Part 321. Specifications for avalanche breakdown diode (ABD);
- GB/T 18802.331 Components for low-voltage surge protective devices -
Part 331. Specification for metal oxide varistors (MOV);
- GB/T 18802.341 Components for low-voltage surge protective devices -
Part 341. Specification for thyristor surge suppressors (TSS).
This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This part shall under the jurisdiction of the National Lightning Protection
Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 81).
Responsible drafting organizations of this part. Shanghai Lightning Protection
Center, Xi'an High Voltage Electric Apparatus Research Institute Co., Ltd.
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Surge
protective devices for specific application including
d.c. - Part 31. Requirements and tests for
SPDs in photovoltaic applications
1 Scope
This part specifies the performance requirements and test methods for SPDs
installed on the DC side of a photovoltaic system. This type of SPD is used to
reduce the impact of lightning induction or direct lightning on the DC side of
photovoltaic power generation equipment. These appliances will be connected
to the DC power circuit of a photovoltaic power generation equipment which
has a rated voltage not exceeding 1500 V.
This part considers the following characteristics of photovoltaic power
generation equipment.
- Characteristics similar to current sources;
- The nominal current depends on the light intensity;
- The short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current;
- Output various sizes of voltage, current and power in series and/or parallel
combination, from several hundred watts (civil facilities) to several
megawatts (photovoltaic field).
The very special electrical parameters on the DC side of the photovoltaic
equipment place special test requirements on the SPD.
SPD with special series impedance between separate input and output
terminals (so-called two-port SPD in EN 61643-11) are not currently fully
covered by the performance requirements of this standard, which require
additional consideration.
Note. For SPD used in photovoltaic systems, for power efficiency
considerations, special series impedances are typically not included between
the input and output terminals.
SPD conforming to this standard are only designed to be installed on the DC
side of a photovoltaic generator. Regardless of photovoltaic equipment
containing battery packs and other DC equipment, it requires additional
requirements and tests for SPDs used in this equipment.
For SPD where the manufacturer states that the overload characteristic is short-
circuit mode, special measures must be required to prevent the DC arc that
may be generated during the maintenance and replacement of such SPD from
jeopardizing the operator.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2900.83-2008 Electrotechnical terminology - Electrical and magnetic
devices (IEC 60050-151.2001, IDT)
HD 588.1 S1.1991 High-voltage test techniques - Part 1. General definitions
and test requirements, IEC 60060-1.1989 + corrigendum Mar, IEC 60060-
1.1989 + Errata 1990-03
EN 50521 Connectors for photovoltaic systems Safety requirements and
tests
EN 60068-2-78 Environmental testing - Part 2-78. Tests Test Cab. Damp
heat, steady state, IEC 60068-2-78
EN 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code), IEC
EN 60664-1.2007 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage
systems - Part 1. Principles, requirements and tests, IEC 60664-1.2007)
EN 61000-6-1 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1. Generic
standards Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments, IEC 61000-6-1
EN 61000-6-3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3. Generic
standards Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments, IEC 61000 -6-3
EN 61180-1 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment - Part 1.
Definitions, test and procedure requirements, IEC 61180-1
EN 61643-11.2012 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 11. Surge
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 18802.31-2021 (GB/T18802.31-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Low-voltage surge protective devices -- Part 31: Surge protective devices connected to photovoltaic installations -- Requirements and test methods | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K30 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.240.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 46,481 | | Date of Issue | 2021-03-09 | | Date of Implementation | 2021-10-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 18802.31-2016 | | Drafting Organization | Shanghai Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center (Shanghai Lightning Protection Center), Shanghai University, Xi'an High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co., Ltd., Schneider Wangao (Tianjin) Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., Sichuan Zhongguang Lightning Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Phoenix Asia Pacific Electric (Nanjing) Co., Ltd., Xiamen Daheng Technology Co., Ltd., Dehesheng Electric (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Cidaier Electronics Co., Ltd., Beijing ABB Low Voltage Electric Co., Ltd., Shanghai Dianke Zhenhe Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an Shendian Electric Co., Ltd., Dekai Quality Certification (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Xiamen Celte Electronics Co., Ltd., Suzhou Lekaipu Protection Equipment Co., Ltd., Ningbo Vocational and Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering | | Administrative Organization | National Lightning Arrester Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 81) | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement No. 3 of 2021 | | Proposing organization | China Electrical Equipment Industry Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration |
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