GB/T 1865-2009 (GB/T1865-2009, GBT 1865-2009, GBT1865-2009) & related versions
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GB/T 1865-2009
Paints and varnishes.Artificial weathering and exposure to artificial radiation.Exposure to filtered xenon-arc radiation
ICS 87.0040
G50
National Standards of People's Republic of China
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
Replace GB/T 1865-1997
Paints and varnishes
Artificial weathering and artificial radiation exposure
Filtered xenon arc radiation
(ISO 11341.2004, IDT)
2009-06-02 released
2010-02-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Issued by China National Standardization Management Committee
Contents
Foreword Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Principle 2
5 Supplementary information required 2
6 Instruments and equipment 2
7 Sampling 5
8 Preparation of test plates 5
9 Step 6
10 Evaluation of aging results 7
11 Test Report 7
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Information to be added 9
Appendix B (informative appendix) Sunlight spectral irradiance and window glass light transmittance 10
Reference 12
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
Foreword
This standard is equivalent to adopting the international standard ISO 11341.2004 "paints and varnishes --- artificial weathering and artificial radiation exposure (filtered
Xenon arc radiation)" (English version).
This standard is equivalent to the translation of ISO 11341.2004.
For ease of use, the editorial changes of this standard are as follows.
---Replace "this international standard" with "this standard";
--- Delete the preface of international standards;
---For other international standards cited in ISO 11341.2004, some of them are equivalently adopted as our national standards, and our national standards replace the corresponding ones.
The international standards of my country have not been directly adopted as the standards of our country.
---Because most of the evaluation of domestic paint aging results is based on GB/T 1766, so in Chapter 10, it is added
Note 2.
This standard replaces GB/T 1865-1997 "Artificial weathering of artificial paint and varnish and artificial radiation exposure (filtered xenon arc radiation)".
The main technical differences between this standard and the previous version of GB/T 1865-1997 are.
--- The previous version is equivalent to ISO 11341..1994, this revision is equivalent to adopt ISO 11341..2004
---The previous version only specified that the average irradiance of the sample plane between 290nm and 800nm is 550W/m2; the Chinese side of this standard
Law 1 stipulates that the average irradiance between the wavelengths of 300nm and 400nm is 60W/m2, and the irradiance at 340nm is
0.51W/m2; Method 2 stipulates that the average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm wavelength is 50W/m2,420nm
The irradiance is 1.1W/m2;
--- This standard adds a high irradiance test. Method 1 The average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm wavelength can be
60W/m2～180 W/m2, the irradiance at 340nm can be 0.51W/m2～1.5W/m2; Method 2 is
The average irradiance between the wavelengths from 300nm to 400nm can be 50W/m2～162W/m2, the average irradiance at 420nm
The degree can be 1.1W/m2～3.6W/m2;
---This standard increases the air temperature in the cabinet to (38±3)℃;
---The previous version stipulates that the relative humidity during artificial weathering is 60% to 80%, and this standard specifies the relative humidity during artificial weathering
Humidity is 40% to 60%.
Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix.
Appendix B of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Coatings and Pigments Standardization Technical Committee.
This standard was drafted by. CNOOC Changzhou Coating Chemical Research Institute, Asia Pacific Rus Material Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Kunming Shiming Technology
Development Co., Ltd., Chery Automobile Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Ji Xiaopei, Zhang Ping, Cheng Ge, Du Changsen, Chen Zheng.
The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows.
---GB/T 1865-1980, GB/T 1865-1997.
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
Paints and varnishes
Artificial weathering and artificial radiation exposure
Filtered xenon arc radiation
1 Scope
This standard specifies the artificial weathering test procedure for the paint and varnish exposed to the xenon lamp device and water and water vapor. Aging results
The coating can be evaluated individually by comparing the parameters selected before, during and after aging.
This standard describes some of the most important parameters and details the conditions of use of the exposure device.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through the quotation of this standard. For dated references, all subsequent documents
The amendments (not including errata content) or revisions are not applicable to this standard, however, all parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to study
Is the latest version of these files available? For the cited documents without date, the latest version applies to this standard.
GB/T 3186 Sampling of raw materials for paints, varnishes and paints and varnishes (GB/T 3186-2006, ISO 15528..2000, IDT)
GB/T 9271 standard test board for color paint and varnish (GB/T 9271-2008, ISO 1514.2004, MOD)
GB/T 9278 Condition adjustment and test temperature and humidity of paint samples (GB/T 9278-2008, ISO 3270.1984, Paintsand
varnishestheirdatasystems-Temperturesandimmediatesfordimentioning, IDT)
GB/T 133452.2 Determination of paint film thickness of paints and varnishes (GB/T 13452.2-2008, ISO 2808.2007, IDT)
GB/T 2077 Inspection and preparation of paint and varnish samples (GB/T 2077-2006, ISO 1513.1992, IDT)
CIE Publication No. 85.1989 Sunlight Irradiance
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
The performance of the coating changes during the artificial weathering or artificial radiation exposure.
Note. One measure of aging is expressed in terms of exposure radiant energy H at a wavelength range below 400 nm or at a specified wavelength such as 340 nm. After artificial climate
The aging condition of aging or artificial radiation exposed coatings depends on the type of coating, the exposure conditions of the coating, and the selection used to monitor the aging process
Performance and the extent of this performance change.
3.2
A measure of the exposed radiation energy of the test board can be calculated by the following formula.
In the formula.
E---irradiance, the unit is watts per square meter (W/m2);
Note 1.H is expressed in joules per square meter (J/m2).
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
3.3
Given a certain degree of aging, the degree of change in certain selected properties of the tested coating.
Note. The aging index is specified or agreed.
4 Principle
The xenon arc light filtered by the filter is used to artificially weather the coating or artificially expose the radiation. The purpose is to make the coating
After being exposed to a certain amount of radiant energy, the selected properties can be changed to a certain degree, or the coating can be aged to a certain degree.
Exposure to radiant energy. The performance selected for monitoring should be an important performance of the coating in practical applications. The performance of the exposed coating can be
Comparison of the performance of the unexposed coating (comparative sample) produced by the sample, or the coating with known performance (reference sample) exposed at the same time.
In natural climates, solar radiation is considered to be the main cause of coating aging, and the principle of exposed radiation under window glass is the same. therefore
For artificial weather aging and artificial exposure to radiation, it is crucial to simulate solar radiation. The xenon arc radiation source passes through two different
One of the optical filtering systems to change the spectral distribution of the radiation it generates, respectively simulating the spectral distribution of ultraviolet and visible light of solar radiation
(Method 1), to simulate the ultraviolet and visible spectral distribution of solar radiation after filtering through a 3mm thick window glass (Method 2).
The energy distribution of the two spectra describes the irradiance value and allowable value of the optical radiation filtered by the filter in the ultraviolet range below 400 nm.
Xu deviation. In addition CIENo. There is an irradiance standard for wavelengths up to 800 nm in 85 (see Appendix B), because only within this range, xenon arc radiation
Radiation can better simulate solar radiation.
During the test of the exposure equipment, the irradiance may change due to the aging of the xenon arc and the filter system. This change occurs especially
The photochemical influence of polymer materials has the largest ultraviolet range. Therefore, not only to measure the exposure time, but also to measure the below 400nm
Wavelength range or exposure radiant energy at a specified wavelength such as 340 nm, and these values are used as reference values for coating aging.
It is impossible to accurately simulate the effects of various aspects of climatic conditions on the coating. Therefore, the artificial climate aging is used in this standard
Terminology to distinguish natural weather aging. The solar radiation test for simulating window glass filtering mentioned in this standard is called artificial radiation exposure.
5 Supplementary information required
For any specific application, the test methods specified in this standard need to be improved by supplementary information, which is listed in the attached
Recorded in A.
6 Instruments
6.1 Test chamber
The test box should be made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the devices inside it include the radiation source of the filter system, the sample frame, etc.
6.2 Radiation source and filter system
The radiation source is composed of one or more xenon lamps, and the radiation generated by them is filtered by the filtering optical system, so that the irradiance is opposite to the plane of the sample frame
The spectral energy distribution is similar to the ultraviolet and visible radiation of the sun (Method 1) or to the ultraviolet and solar radiation filtered through a 3mm window
Visible light radiation is approximate (method 2).
Tables 1 and 2 give the required radiation spectral energy distribution, expressed as a percentage of the total range from 290 nm to 400 nm
For the amount of radiant energy, Table 1 is a xenon lamp with a daylight filter, and Table 2 is a xenon lamp with a window glass filter.
Table 1 Spectral irradiance distribution required by xenon lamps using daylight filters [Method 1 (Artificial Climate Aging)]
Wavelength λ／
nm
Minimum value a, b/
CIENo. 85.1989 Table 4c, d/
Maximum value a, b/
λ≤290--0.15
290 < λ ≤ 320 2.6 5.4 7.9
320< λ≤360 28.2 38.2 38.6
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
Table 1 (continued)
Wavelength λ／
nm
Minimum value a, b/
CIENo. 85.1989 Table 4c, d/
Maximum value a, b/
360< λ≤400 55.8 56.4 67.5
a The minimum and maximum limits are based on the manufacturer's recommended use conditions, measuring 113 batches with different daylight filters and different usage time with solar filters
The spectra of water-cooled xenon lamps and air-cooled xenon lamps were obtained. The minimum and maximum limits are at least 3 times the standard deviation of the average of all measured values.
b The sum of the minimum and maximum values is not necessarily 100%, because they represent the minimum and maximum values of the measured values. Irradiation of any spectrum
Degrees, the percentage values of each band in this table add up to 100%. For any xenon lamp with daylight filter, the percentage value of each band is shown in the table
Between the minimum and maximum values given in. If you use a xenon lamp device with an irradiance exceeding the allowable deviation, the test results will be different and can be set with the xenon lamp
The manufacturer is contacted to obtain detailed data on the spectral irradiance of the xenon lamp and filter.
c Appendix B gives the CIE publication No. 85.Japanese and Japanese spectral data in Table 4 of 1989.These data are used as standard values for xenon lamps equipped with daylight filters.
dCIE publication No. 85.The solar spectrum data given in Table 4 (see Appendix B) of 1989, where the ultraviolet irradiance (290 nm to 400 nm) is at
(290nm ~ 800nm) accounted for 11% of the total irradiance, visible light irradiance (400nm ~ 800nm) in the range (290nm ~ 800nm)
91% of irradiance. In practice, when the sample is exposed in the xenon lamp device, due to the number of exposed samples and their reflection performance, ultraviolet light and
See the percentage of light irradiance may change.
Table 2 Spectral irradiance distribution required by xenon lamps using window glass filters (Method 2)
Wavelength λ／
nm
Minimum value a, b/
CIENo. 85.1989 Table 4c, d/
Maximum value a, b/
λ≤300 0.29
300< λ≤320 0.1 ≤1 2.8
320< λ≤360 23.8 33.1 35.5
360< λ≤400 62.4 66.0 76.2
a The minimum and maximum limits are based on the manufacturer's recommended conditions of use, measuring 35 batches with window glass filters after different batch numbers and different use times
The spectrum of the water-cooled xenon lamp and air-cooled xenon lamp was obtained. The minimum and maximum limits are at least 3 times the standard deviation of the average of all measured values.
b The sum of the minimum and maximum values is not necessarily 100%, because they represent the minimum and maximum values of the measured values. Irradiation of any spectrum
Degrees, the percentage values of each band in this table add up to 100%. For any xenon lamp with daylight filter, the percentage value of each band is shown in the table
Between the minimum and maximum values given in. If you use a xenon lamp device with an irradiance exceeding the allowable deviation, the test results will be different and can be set with the xenon lamp
The manufacturer is contacted to obtain detailed data on the spectral irradiance of the xenon lamp and filter.
c The data in this table comes from the CIE publication No. 85.Table 4 of 1989, through the 3mm thick window glass (Appendix B) spectral data. These data are used as equipment
Standard value of xenon lamp with window glass filter.
dCIE publication No. 85.Table 4 of 1989 (see Appendix B) gives the spectral data through the window glass, of which (300nm ~ 400nm) ultraviolet irradiance is at
(300nm ~ 800nm) accounted for 9% of the total irradiance, visible light irradiance (400nm ~ 800nm) in the range (300nm ~ 800nm)
91% of irradiance. In practice, when the sample is exposed in the xenon lamp device, due to the number of exposed samples and their reflection performance, ultraviolet light and
See the percentage of light irradiance may change.
Generally speaking, the radiant flux is selected so that the average irradiance E on the surface of the test sample is
--- The average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm is 60W/m2, or 0.51W/m2 at 340nm (Method 1);
- The average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm is 50W/m2, or 1.1W/m2 at 420nm (Method 2).
Both parties can agree to use a high irradiance test, and can choose to make the average irradiance E on the surface of the test sample reach.
--- The average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm is 60W/m2~180W/m, or 0.51W/m2~ at 340nm.
1.5W/m2 (Method 1);
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
--- The average irradiance between 300nm and 400nm is 50W/m2~162W/m, or 1.1W/m2~ at 340nm.
3.6W/m2 (Method 2).
Note 1.The high irradiance test has been proved to be effective for several materials, such as automotive interior parts. When performing high irradiance tests, it is necessary to carefully check the performance is
Does it change linearly with irradiance. When other test parameters (black standard temperature, blackboard temperature, cabinet temperature, relative humidity) remain unchanged, it may be less
Results obtained under the same irradiance.
Note 2.It is recommended to measure and report the actual irradiance E between 300 nm and 800 nm. In the case of discontinuous operation (see 9.4), this value includes the cabinet
Radiation reflected from the inner wall to the surface of the test sample.
Note 3.The conversion factor used above to calculate the irradiance of the narrow band (340 nm or 420 nm) based on the irradiance of the wide band (300 nm to 400 nm)
The average value of different filter systems is taken. The specific value of this conversion factor is usually provided by the manufacturer.
The change of the irradiance E reaching any point on the surface of the sample should not exceed ±10% of the arithmetic mean of the irradiance reaching the entire surface.
The ozone generated during the operation of the xenon lamp is not allowed to enter the test box and should be discharged separately. If this is not possible, the test board should be at intervals
Change the position once to get the same exposure at each position.
In order to further accelerate the aging, if the correlation between the performance of the specific coating under test and the aging of the natural climate is known, the phase
The parties agreed to use a variety of spectral energy distribution and irradiance conditions different from those described above. This can be done by increasing the irradiance or by specifying
The method moves to the band of the spectral energy distribution of the short-wave terminal, shortening the wavelength to achieve further accelerated aging. Instructions on methods different from this
, Must be noted in the report.
The aging of xenon lamps and filters will cause changes in relative spectral energy distribution and decrease in irradiance during operation.
The spectral energy distribution and irradiance remain constant. You can also refer to the equipment manufacturer's instructions to adjust the equipment to keep the irradiance constant.
6.3 Test box adjustment system
In order to maintain the black mark or blackboard temperature of the test box specified in 9.2, dust removal air should be circulated in the box, the humidity and temperature are controlled
Made. The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the test chamber are controlled by temperature and humidity sensors, which are not directly irradiated. Relatively wet
The degree of adjustment water must be distilled water or demineralized water specified in 9.5.
Note. When fresh air is continuously supplied to the test chamber, the operating conditions of the equipment may be different. For example, summer is different from winter because of the summer air
Humidity is generally higher than the air humidity in winter, which will affect the test results. Circulating air in a tightly closed loop can improve the results again
Presentity.
6.4 Device for wetting the model (for method 1)
Note 1.Method 1 includes the wetting of the sample, which is to simulate the rain and condensation in the outdoor environment.
The design of the wetting device is detailed in 9.5.The test sample used during the entire wetting process should be wetted according to one of the following two methods.
a) The surface is sprayed with water;
b) The sample is immersed in water in the test box.
Note 2.The test results obtained by spraying and immersing in the sample are not necessarily similar.
If the sample plate rotates around the radiation source, the nozzles of the water spray should be able to arrange each sample plate to meet the requirements of 9.5.
The conductivity of the distilled or demineralized water used for wetting should be less than 2 μS/cm and the distillation residue should be less than 1 mg/kg.
The circulating water can not be used again, unless it is filtered to achieve the required purity, otherwise it will form a deposit on the surface of the sample plate and cause the wrong
result.
Water supply tanks, pipes and nozzles should be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
6.5 Sample rack
The sample rack should be made of inert materials.
6.6 Black standard/blackboard thermometer
In the dry segment, use a black standard thermometer or a blackboard thermometer to measure the temperature of the sample surface.
If a black standard thermometer is used, it should be composed of a stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
70mm×40mm. The surface of the board facing the radiation source should be coated with incident radiation that can absorb 90% to 95% of the wavelength up to 2500 nm
The coating can have good aging resistance. At the center far from the radiation source plate, there is a platinum temperature resistance sensor,
It has good thermal contact with the board. On the surface facing away from the radiation source, there is a 5mm thick polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) without filler
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
Lining board, set a small space in the PVDF lining board enough to place the platinum temperature resistance sensor. The groove of the sensor and the PVDF board
The edge distance is about 1mm. The length and width of the PVDF board should be large enough to ensure that the metal plate of the black standard thermometer and the bracket on which it is installed
There is no metal-to-metal thermal contact. The metal part of the bracket is at least 4 mm away from the edge of the metal plate of the black standard thermometer. can
To allow the use of black standard thermometers with different structures, as long as all stable temperature and irradiance settings that can be achieved by the exposure device are achieved
Under the conditions, the difference between the temperature indicated by the thermometer with the modified structure and the thermometer with the specified structure should be within ±1℃. In addition, the structure was changed
The time required for the black standard thermometer to reach a stable state must be within the time required for the black standard thermometer of the specified structure to reach a stable state
Within 10% deviation.
If a blackboard thermometer is used, it should also consist of a corrosion-resistant metal plate. Typical dimensions are 150mm long and 70mm wide.
1mm thick. The panel facing the light source is coated with a black anti-aging coating. The coating should be able to absorb at least 90% to 95% of the 2500nm
radiation. A rod-shaped platinum thermocouple is fixed in the center of the plate facing the radiation source. The back of the metal plate should be exposed to the air inside the box.
If there is any change in the black surface, refer to the equipment manufacturer's instructions.
Note 1.The difference between the black standard thermometer and the blackboard thermometer is that the former is fixed on an insulated bracket. The measured temperature and the low thermal conductivity
The temperature of the exposed sample surface coated with black or dark coating is the same, and the exposed surface temperature of light-colored coated sample is generally lower.
Note 2.The temperature of the test sample table depends on many factors, including the total amount of absorbed radiation, the total amount of emitted radiation, the thermal conductivity of the sample, the sample and air
Factors such as the heat conduction between the model and the model and the model frame. Therefore, the temperature of the sample surface cannot be accurately predicted.
Note 3.Under typical exposure test conditions (non-high irradiance test), the temperature measured by the black standard thermometer is about 5°C higher than that measured by the blackboard thermometer. high
Under irradiance test conditions, the temperature difference between the two will increase (see 6.2).
Note 4.The black standard thermometer is also called adiabatic blackboard thermometer. Blackboard thermometers are also called non-adiabatic blackboard thermometers.
In order to be able to measure the temperature range of the sample surface during the exposure process, to better control the exposure conditions of the equipment, except for the black standard thermometer or black
In addition to the plate thermometer, a white standard thermometer or whiteboard thermometer similar to the black mark or blackboard thermometer design is also recommended. to this end,
An aging-resistant white coating is used, which reflects at least 90% of the radiation from 300 nm to 1000 nm wavelength and 1000 nm to 1000 nm
The reflection of.2000nm wavelength radiation is at least 60%.
6.7 Dosimeter
The irradiance E and exposed radiant energy H on the surface of the test board in the test chamber should be light with a 2л spherical field of view and a good cosine correspondence curve
The radiometer of the electric receiver measures. The dosimeter should be calibrated according to the spectral distribution listed in the attached table B1.
The manufacturer's own instructions check the calibration value.
Note. If the same type of radiometer is used in each case, it is possible to directly compare the radiation exposure measured in the exposure equipment with
However, the radiation exposure measured during the weather aging process.
6.8 Calibration of equipment
Equipment should be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions.
7 Sampling
According to the provisions of GB/T 3186, take a representative sample of the tested product (or each product in the composite coating).
According to the provisions of GB/T 2077, check and prepare test samples.
8 Preparation of test plates
The substrate used in the preparation of the test board is usually the substrate used in actual use (for example. cement board, wooden board, metal board, plastic board). Application of paint
The method of coating and drying should be consistent with the preparation method in practical application to obtain the usual film thickness.
Unless otherwise specified or agreed, a substrate conforming to GB/T 9271 shall be used as the substrate for the test coating.
Note. It is best to use a flat test plate suitable for the size of the test plate rack of the test box.
Unless otherwise agreed, the test material or coating system should be applied to the front of the board. If necessary, the back and four sides of the test panel should be painted to protect the test
The substrate is not corroded during the inspection.
The baking paint should be dried according to the conditions in actual use. The test board of air-dry paint should be placed horizontally, according to the requirements in GB 9278, at a temperature of
Dry at (23±2)°C and a relative humidity of (50±5)%. The drying time and storage time are as specified.
GB/T 1865-2009/ISO 11341.2004
All test panels sha......
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| Standard ID | GB/T 1865-2009 (GB/T1865-2009) | | Description (Translated English) | Paints and varnishes. Artificial weathering and exposure to artificial radiation. Exposure to filtered xenon-arc radiation | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G50 | | Classification of International Standard | 87.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 17,135 | | Date of Issue | 2009-06-02 | | Date of Implementation | 2010-02-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 1865-1997 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 3186; GB/T 9271; GB/T 9278; GB/T 13452.2; GB/T 20777; CIE Publication NO.85-1989 | | Adopted Standard | ISO 11341-2004, IDT | | Drafting Organization | CNOOC Changzhou Paint & Chemicals Research Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee of paints and pigments | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 8, 2009 (No. 148 overall) | | Proposing organization | China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | | Summary | This standard specifies the paints and varnishes exposed to xenon lamp fixtures and water vapor under artificial weathering test procedures. By comparing the results of aging coating before aging, the aging process, and after aging selected parameters assessed individually. This standard describes the most important parameters of the exposure apparatus described in detail the conditions of use. |
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