GB/T 12535-2021 (GB/T12535-2021, GBT 12535-2021, GBT12535-2021) & related versions
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GB/T 12535-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 04
Replacing GB/T 12535-2007
Test method of starting performance for motor vehicle
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Measurement parameters ... 7
5 Test conditions ... 7
6 Test methods ... 9
7 Test records ... 12
Appendix A (Informative) Test records ... 13
Test method of starting performance for motor vehicle
1 Scope
This document specifies the measurement parameters, test conditions, test
methods, and test records of starting performance for motor vehicle.
This document applies to category M and N motor vehicles.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references in this
text, constitute indispensable provisions of this document. Among them, for
dated references, only the edition corresponding to that date applies to this
document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments)
applies to this document.
GB/T 12428 Laden mass calculating method for buses
GB/T 12534-1990 Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15089 and GB/T 19596 and the
following ones apply to this document.
3.1
Cranking time
The time from when the starter is turned on until the engine speed reaches the
idling speed specified by the manufacturer under the condition that the motor
vehicle’s engine is successfully started.
3.2
Starting performance
and thermal insulation devices (engine insulation cover, radiator insulation
device and battery incubator, etc.). However, the starting accessories shall be
the standard configuration of the vehicle manufacturer. It shall not use
configurations other than those specified by the manufacturer. During the test,
the auxiliary starting devices and the thermal insulation devices shall be
operated according to the instruction manual.
5.1.4 The battery, starting cable, and earthed cable specified by the vehicle
manufacturer shall be used. All circuits shall be connected reliably. The battery
shall work well. Before the vehicle starts to stand still, the electric quantity and
voltage of energy storage batteries such as the battery or power battery of the
vehicle shall be within the range specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
5.1.5 The parking brake of the test vehicle shall be released.
5.2 Test site
5.2.1 When the test is carried out outdoors, the road on which the test vehicle
is parked shall be level, solid, smooth and dry.
5.2.2 When the test is carried out indoors, the environmental test room shall
have facilities such as chassis dynamometer, low-temperature environment
chamber, and plateau environment chamber that meet the test requirements.
5.3 Test mass and load distribution
5.3.1 For category M1 vehicles, and category N1 vehicles with a maximum
design total mass less than 2000 kg, it shall be in accordance with the following
requirements:
- When 50% of the maximum allowable laden mass of the vehicle is less than
or equal to 180 kg, the test mass is the curb mass of the complete vehicle
plus 180 kg (including the mass of measuring personnel and instruments);
- When 50% of the maximum allowable laden mass of the vehicle is greater
than 180 kg, the test mass of the vehicle is the curb mass of the complete
vehicle plus 50% of the maximum allowable laden mass (including the
mass of measuring personnel and instruments). The load distribution shall
be as uniform as possible.
5.3.2 For category M2 and M3 vehicles, and category N vehicles with a
maximum design total mass not less than 2000 kg, it shall be in accordance
with the following requirements:
- Except for special provisions, 65% of the laden mass is applicable to
category M2 and M3 buses; other motor vehicles shall be fully loaded;
6.2.4.1 If the power source for cold starting is engine, carry out the test in
accordance with the provisions of 6.2.2.
6.2.4.2 If the power source for cold starting is power battery, carry out the test
in accordance with the provisions of 6.2.3.
6.2.5 Cold starting test of fuel cell electric vehicle
Start the vehicle in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's recommended
starting procedures. Record the time from when the vehicle is powered on to
when the "READY" or "OK" signal device lights up.
6.3 Preheating test
6.3.1 Preheating test of internal combustion engine vehicle
After the engine is started, for motor vehicles with manual transmission, the
clutch can continue to be disengaged; the gear lever remains in neutral. For
motor vehicles with automatic transmission, the transmission remains in P
position. Idle in place for 5 min.
6.3.2 Preheating test of pure electric vehicle, extended-range electric
vehicle, and fuel cell electric vehicle
Pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, and fuel cell electric
vehicles can directly enter the starting test without preheating test. If preheating
is required, the preheating time shall not exceed 5 min.
6.3.3 Preheating test of hybrid electric vehicle except extended-range
electric vehicle
6.3.3.1 If the power source for cold starting is engine, carry out the test in
accordance with the provisions of 6.3.1.
6.3.3.2 If the power source for cold starting is power battery, carry out the test
in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.2.
6.4 Starting test
6.4.1 After starting and preheating tests, put the vehicle in reverse gear and
start in reverse; travel no less than 3 m.
6.4.2 After parking, the motor vehicle starts in the lowest forward gear.
6.4.3 If any one of 6.4.1 and 6.4.2 fails, the item can be repeated once. If it still
fails to start, it is determined that the starting test has failed.
......
GB/T 12535-2007
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 04
Replacing GB/T 12535-1990
Motor vehicle - Starting performance - Test method
ISSUED ON. APRIL 30, 2007
IMPLEMENTED ON. DECEMBER 1, 2007
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine;
Standardization Administration Committee.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically &
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Test equipment and precision requirements ... 4
5 Test conditions ... 5
6 Test method ... 5
7 Test result ... 7
Annex A (Informative) Starting performance test record ... 8
Foreword
This Standard replaces GB/T 12535-1990 Motor vehicles - Starting
performance - Test methods.
Considering the operability of the test, this Standard, on the backward
technical content, laboratory ambient temperature conditions and standard
language format, made a greater modification.
- added ambient temperature, specified the range. (-10±2)°C, (-35±2)°C;
- specified the outdoor test that shall be carried out in the laboratory as
possible for large motor vehicles in accordance with the provisions of
5.5;
- specified that the testing sample vehicle shall be empty loaded in the
test conditions;
- added the specified starting time as “15 s for general starting test, 30 s
for low-temperature starting test”.
Annex A of this Standard is informative.
This Standard was proposed by National Development and Reform
Commission.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China.
The drafting organization of this Standard. National Automobile Quality
Supervision and Inspection Center (Xiangfan).
Main drafter of this Standard. Zhu Xin.
Versions of standard substituted by this Standard are.
- GB 1334-1977;
- GB/T 12535-1990.
Motor vehicle - Starting performance - Test method
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the test methods for starting, warming-up of engine
and starting performance of motor vehicle.
This Standard applies to all kinds of motor vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain the provisions which, through reference in
this Standard, constitute the provisions of this Standard. For dated references,
subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to
this Standard. However, the parties who enter into agreement based on this
Standard are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these
documents are applicable. For undated reference documents, the latest
versions apply to this Standard.
GB/T 12534-1990, Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
starting time
the time from when the starter is turned on to when the engine starts and runs
automatically
4 Test equipment and precision requirements
a) Recorder (can automatically record the current, voltage, speed and
time at starting).
b) Ammeter (0~1000 A, level 2.5 of precision).
c) Voltage meter (0~30 V, level 1.0 of precision).
d) Engine tachometer (level 1 of precision).
e) Thermometer (-50°C ~ 100°C, ±1.5°C or level 1.5 of precision).
f) Thermal resistance (air-cooled engine cylinder head and exhaust
temperature) (level 2.5 of precision).
g) Electro-hydraulic density meter (density of ±0.005).
h) Air pressure, humidity and anemometer (level 2.5 of precision).
i) Timer (0~24 h, ±1 s and 0~60 s, ±0.2 s).
5 Test conditions
5.1 General test conditions and preparation of test vehicle shall be in
accordance with the provisions of 3.1, 3.2, 3.5, 4.1 and 4.2 of GB/T
12534-1990.
5.2 At different ambient temperatures, according to the motor vehicle’s
instructions or the relevant technical information, use the appropriate
designation of fuel, oil and coolant, and record.
5.3 The motor vehicle is started at different ambient temperatures.
Particular starting accessories such as auxiliary starter (fuel evaporator,
priming device, glow plug and heater, etc.) and insulation (engine insulation
cover, radiator insulation devices and battery incubators, etc.) shall be fitted
according to motor vehicle manufacturer’s provisions.
5.4 Use manufacturer's storage battery, starter cable and ground cable. The
circuit connection is reliable. The storage battery works well.
5.5 See Table 1 for test ambient temperature.
Table 1
Test category Ambient temperature / °C
General starting -10±2
Low-temperature starting -35±2
6 Test method
6.1 Engine starting performance test
6.1.1 According to the test category requirements, select the test ambient
temperature and the test site.
6.1.2 Place the test vehicle in the laboratory (large vehicles can be tested in
accordance with the provisions of 5.5). Cool the engine at the test
temperature. The temperatures of the oil and coolant shall be the same as the
ambient temperature.
operation time and coolant or cylinder head (air-cooled engine) temperature
of engine.
6.3 Starting test of motor vehicle
6.3.1 After the engine starts and warms up, start at the lowest gear. If it
cannot start at one time, it shall carry out twice. If it still fails, it shall stop the
test.
6.3.2 After driving for a certain distance (0.3 km ~ 0.5 km) at the lowest gear
in starting, if the motor vehicle can be in a smooth acceleration and the
engine without flameout when it gradually switches to the highest gear within
15 min, the starting test of the motor vehicle shall be regarded as successful.
If it cannot switch to the highest gear or it cannot maintain stable at the
highest gear, it shall stop the test.
6.3.3 Record the total time from the preparation of engine start (rotating
engine crankshaft or preheating engine) through starting test and warming-up
to starting of motor vehicle.
6.3.4 The ambient temperature of the vehicle starting test shall be as close
as possible or similar to the ambient temperature of the engine starting
performance test. If the ambient temperature of the vehicle starting test is
different from the ambient temperature of the engine starting performance
test, the starting time of the vehicle and the actual temperature outside the
vehicle shall be measured and recorded in the starting performance test
record.
7 Test result
The test results of the vehicle starting performance shall be filled in
accordance with Annex A.
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 12535-2021 (GB/T12535-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Test method of starting performance for motor vehicle | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T04 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 10,145 | | Date of Issue | 2021-10-11 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-05-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 12535-2007 | | Drafting Organization | Xiangyang Daan Automobile Inspection Center Co., Ltd., China Automotive Technology Research Center Co., Ltd., SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd., China Automotive Research Institute Automobile Inspection Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Toyota Automobile (China) Investment Co., Ltd., China Automotive Research Institute Automobile Inspection Center (Hulunbeier) Co., Ltd., Beijing New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114) | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement No. 12 of 2021 | | Proposing organization | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | | Standard ID | GB/T 12535-2007 (GB/T12535-2007) | | Description (Translated English) | Motor vehicle. Starting performance. Test method | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T04 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 7,733 | | Date of Issue | 2007-04-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2007-12-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 12535-1990 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 12534-1990 | | Drafting Organization | National Automobile Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Xiangfan) | | Administrative Organization | National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement 2007 No.4 (Total No.104) | | Proposing organization | National Development and Reform Commission | | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | | Summary | This standard specifies the car engine start, test methods and the car started to warm up performance. This standard applies to all types of vehicles. | | Standard ID | GB/T 12535-1990 (GB/T12535-1990) | | Description (Translated English) | Motor vehicles--Starting performance--Test methods | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T40 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.02 | | Word Count Estimation | 6,686 | | Date of Issue | 1990/12/12 | | Date of Implementation | 1991/9/1 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 1334-1977 | | Regulation (derived from) | National-Standard Bulletin 2007 No. 4 (No. 104 overall) | | Proposing organization | China Automotive Industry Corporation | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Bureau of Technical Supervision |
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