TB/T 3541.3-2018 PDF English
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Disk brakes for rolling stock. Part 3: Composite brake pads
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TB/T 3541.3-2018: Disk brakes for rolling stock. Part 3: Composite brake pads---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/TBT3541.3-2018
TB
RAILWAY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 45.060
S 33
Replacing TB/T 3344-2014, TB/T 3118-2005
Disk brakes for rolling stock - Part 3.Composite brake pads
Issued on. DECEMBER 25, 2018
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2019
Issued by. National Railway Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Technical requirements... 7
5 Inspection method... 10
6 Inspection rules... 12
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage... 14
Appendix A (Normative) Structure and size of brake pads... 16
Appendix B (Normative) Permissible range of friction coefficient of brake pads... 20
Appendix C (Normative) Brake pad dovetail inspection gauge... 23
Appendix D (Normative) Brake friction and wear performance test... 25
References... 33
1 Scope
This Part of TB/T 3541 specifies the terms and definitions, technical requirements,
inspection methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of
composite brake pads for locomotives and rolling stock (hereinafter referred to as brake
pads).
This Part applies to composite brake pads for rolling stocks, which have a maximum
operating speed of no more than 200 km/h and an axle weight of no more than 21 t, or
a maximum operating speed of no more than 120 km/h and an axle weight of no more
than 30 t (hereinafter referred to as rolling stock brake pads); it also applies to the
composite brake pads for railway vehicles, which have a maximum operating speed of
no more than 160 km/h and an axle weight of no more than 18 t (hereinafter referred to
as railway vehicle brake pads).
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1033.1 Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics
- Part 1.Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method (GB/T
1033.1-2008, ISO 1183-1.2004, IDT)
GB/T 1041 Plastics - Determination of compressive properties (GB/T 1041-2008,
ISO 604.2002, IDT)
GB/T 1043.1 Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 1.Non-
instrumented impact test (GB/T 1043.1- 2008, ISO 179-1.2000, IDT)
GB/T 2918 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (GB/T
2918-1998, ISO 291.1997, IDT)
GB/T 3398.1 Plastics - Determination of hardness - Part 1.Ball indentation method
(GB/T 3398.1-2008, ISO 2039-1.2001, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Instantaneous friction coefficient
φk
Function of speed, which is the ratio of the braking force to the applied force on
brake pad at each moment of the braking process.
3.2
Average friction coefficient
φs
Function of the initial braking speed, which is the integral of the instantaneous
friction coefficient over the braking distance Se, see formula (1).
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Structure and dimensions
4.2 Appearance
4.2.1 The steel back shall not have cracks or other defects that may cause the brake pad
to break during use.
4.2.2 The friction surface shall be flat. The friction body shall not have inclusions,
cracks, blistering, bulging, delamination, looseness, warping and other defects.
4.2.3 The friction body and the steel back shall be firmly bonded.
4.3 Usage requirements
Under normal use conditions, the following requirements shall be met.
4.4 Physical and mechanical properties of friction body
The physical and mechanical properties of the brake pad's friction body shall comply
with the provisions of Table 1.
4.5 Braking friction and wear performance
4.5.1 Average friction coefficient during the running-in period
The average friction coefficient's reference value during the running-in period is the
average value of the average friction coefficients of the last five parking brakes, during
the running-in period. Starting from the 11th brake until 30% of the total number of
brakes during the running-in period, the average friction coefficient of each brake shall
not exceed ±30% of the average friction coefficient's reference value during the
running-in period. The average friction coefficient of each brake thereafter shall not
exceed ±15% of the average friction coefficient's reference value during the running-in
period.
4.5.2 Instantaneous friction coefficient of one parking brake condition
4.5.2.1 The instantaneous friction coefficient of the rolling stock brake pad and the
railway vehicle brake pad, in the normal temperature dry state and the one parking brake
condition, shall comply with the provisions of Figure B.1 and Figure B.3 in Appendix
B, respectively.
5 Inspection method
5.1 Appearance
Visually inspect the appearance of the brake pad.
5.2 Geometric dimensions
Use the special inspection gauge and vernier caliper, which has a graduation value of
0.02 mm shown in Appendix C, for inspection.
5.3 Physical and mechanical properties of friction body
5.3.1 Preparation of specimens
5.3.1.3 Avoid overheating of the specimen when preparing the specimen.
5.3.2 Density
5.3.2.1 Measure the density of the friction material of the brake pad by the immersion
method specified in GB/T 1033.1.
5.3.3 Hardness
5.3.3.1 For materials with a nominal hardness less than 30 HRX, the ball indentation
hardness shall be tested by the method specified in GB/T 3398.1; the test load shall be
49 N.
5.4 Braking friction and wear performance
5.4.1 The braking friction and wear performance test shall be carried out on a 1.1
braking power test bench, according to the procedure specified in Appendix D.
5.4.2 The brake pads used for the test shall be unused real objects; the reduced-scale
specimens shall not be used for the test.
5.4.3 The test under humidification conditions shall be carried out using a water spray
device.
5.5 Hazardous substances
5.5.1 The content of asbestos in the brake pads shall be tested according to the method
specified in GB/T 23263-2009.
5.5.2 The content of lead and zinc in the brake pads shall be tested according to the
method specified in GB 5085.3-2007.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection classification and inspection items
The brake pad inspection is divided into exit-factory inspection and type inspection.
The inspection items are shown in Table 3.
6.2 Exit-factory inspection
6.2.1 Appearance inspection
The appearance of the brake pads leaving the factory shall be inspected piece by piece.
6.2.2 Geometric dimension inspection
6.2.2.1 The geometric dimensions shall be randomly sampled and inspected batch by
batch.
6.2.3 Inspection of physical and mechanical properties of friction bodies
6.2.3.1 Physical and mechanical properties shall be randomly sampled for inspection
batch by batch.
6.2.3.2 For brake pads of the same material and specification, each heat treatment
furnace shall be considered as an inspection batch; no less than 2 pieces shall be
randomly sampled from each batch.
6.3 Type inspection
6.3.1 Type inspection shall be carried out in the following cases.
6.3.2 When inspecting the brake friction and wear performance, if one of the test results
does not meet the requirements of this standard, it can be re-inspected with double
quantity of samples. If the re-inspection result is still unqualified, the brake friction and
wear performance is unqualified.
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
7.1 Marking
The back of the brake pad shall have a permanent mark; the handwriting shall be clear,
which shall still be recognizable when the brake pad is used to the end of its use. The
content of the mark is as follows.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 The brake pads shall be packaged and moisture-proof. The following marks shall
be on the packaging box.
7.2.2 The packaging box shall contain the product certificate and the inspection report
required by the user.
7.3 Transportation and storage
7.3.1 The brake pads shall not be dropped or thrown during transportation, loading and
unloading, to prevent damage and deformation of the brake pads.
TB/T 3541.3-2018
TB
RAILWAY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 45.060
S 33
Replacing TB/T 3344-2014, TB/T 3118-2005
Disk brakes for rolling stock - Part 3.Composite brake pads
Issued on. DECEMBER 25, 2018
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2019
Issued by. National Railway Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Technical requirements... 7
5 Inspection method... 10
6 Inspection rules... 12
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage... 14
Appendix A (Normative) Structure and size of brake pads... 16
Appendix B (Normative) Permissible range of friction coefficient of brake pads... 20
Appendix C (Normative) Brake pad dovetail inspection gauge... 23
Appendix D (Normative) Brake friction and wear performance test... 25
References... 33
1 Scope
This Part of TB/T 3541 specifies the terms and definitions, technical requirements,
inspection methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of
composite brake pads for locomotives and rolling stock (hereinafter referred to as brake
pads).
This Part applies to composite brake pads for rolling stocks, which have a maximum
operating speed of no more than 200 km/h and an axle weight of no more than 21 t, or
a maximum operating speed of no more than 120 km/h and an axle weight of no more
than 30 t (hereinafter referred to as rolling stock brake pads); it also applies to the
composite brake pads for railway vehicles, which have a maximum operating speed of
no more than 160 km/h and an axle weight of no more than 18 t (hereinafter referred to
as railway vehicle brake pads).
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1033.1 Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics
- Part 1.Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method (GB/T
1033.1-2008, ISO 1183-1.2004, IDT)
GB/T 1041 Plastics - Determination of compressive properties (GB/T 1041-2008,
ISO 604.2002, IDT)
GB/T 1043.1 Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 1.Non-
instrumented impact test (GB/T 1043.1- 2008, ISO 179-1.2000, IDT)
GB/T 2918 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (GB/T
2918-1998, ISO 291.1997, IDT)
GB/T 3398.1 Plastics - Determination of hardness - Part 1.Ball indentation method
(GB/T 3398.1-2008, ISO 2039-1.2001, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Instantaneous friction coefficient
φk
Function of speed, which is the ratio of the braking force to the applied force on
brake pad at each moment of the braking process.
3.2
Average friction coefficient
φs
Function of the initial braking speed, which is the integral of the instantaneous
friction coefficient over the braking distance Se, see formula (1).
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Structure and dimensions
4.2 Appearance
4.2.1 The steel back shall not have cracks or other defects that may cause the brake pad
to break during use.
4.2.2 The friction surface shall be flat. The friction body shall not have inclusions,
cracks, blistering, bulging, delamination, looseness, warping and other defects.
4.2.3 The friction body and the steel back shall be firmly bonded.
4.3 Usage requirements
Under normal use conditions, the following requirements shall be met.
4.4 Physical and mechanical properties of friction body
The physical and mechanical properties of the brake pad's friction body shall comply
with the provisions of Table 1.
4.5 Braking friction and wear performance
4.5.1 Average friction coefficient during the running-in period
The average friction coefficient's reference value during the running-in period is the
average value of the average friction coefficients of the last five parking brakes, during
the running-in period. Starting from the 11th brake until 30% of the total number of
brakes during the running-in period, the average friction coefficient of each brake shall
not exceed ±30% of the average friction coefficient's reference value during the
running-in period. The average friction coefficient of each brake thereafter shall not
exceed ±15% of the average friction coefficient's reference value during the running-in
period.
4.5.2 Instantaneous friction coefficient of one parking brake condition
4.5.2.1 The instantaneous friction coefficient of the rolling stock brake pad and the
railway vehicle brake pad, in the normal temperature dry state and the one parking brake
condition, shall comply with the provisions of Figure B.1 and Figure B.3 in Appendix
B, respectively.
5 Inspection method
5.1 Appearance
Visually inspect the appearance of the brake pad.
5.2 Geometric dimensions
Use the special inspection gauge and vernier caliper, which has a graduation value of
0.02 mm shown in Appendix C, for inspection.
5.3 Physical and mechanical properties of friction body
5.3.1 Preparation of specimens
5.3.1.3 Avoid overheating of the specimen when preparing the specimen.
5.3.2 Density
5.3.2.1 Measure the density of the friction material of the brake pad by the immersion
method specified in GB/T 1033.1.
5.3.3 Hardness
5.3.3.1 For materials with a nominal hardness less than 30 HRX, the ball indentation
hardness shall be tested by the method specified in GB/T 3398.1; the test load shall be
49 N.
5.4 Braking friction and wear performance
5.4.1 The braking friction and wear performance test shall be carried out on a 1.1
braking power test bench, according to the procedure specified in Appendix D.
5.4.2 The brake pads used for the test shall be unused real objects; the reduced-scale
specimens shall not be used for the test.
5.4.3 The test under humidification conditions shall be carried out using a water spray
device.
5.5 Hazardous substances
5.5.1 The content of asbestos in the brake pads shall be tested according to the method
specified in GB/T 23263-2009.
5.5.2 The content of lead and zinc in the brake pads shall be tested according to the
method specified in GB 5085.3-2007.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection classification and inspection items
The brake pad inspection is divided into exit-factory inspection and type inspection.
The inspection items are shown in Table 3.
6.2 Exit-factory inspection
6.2.1 Appearance inspection
The appearance of the brake pads leaving the factory shall be inspected piece by piece.
6.2.2 Geometric dimension inspection
6.2.2.1 The geometric dimensions shall be randomly sampled and inspected batch by
batch.
6.2.3 Inspection of physical and mechanical properties of friction bodies
6.2.3.1 Physical and mechanical properties shall be randomly sampled for inspection
batch by batch.
6.2.3.2 For brake pads of the same material and specification, each heat treatment
furnace shall be considered as an inspection batch; no less than 2 pieces shall be
randomly sampled from each batch.
6.3 Type inspection
6.3.1 Type inspection shall be carried out in the following cases.
6.3.2 When inspecting the brake friction and wear performance, if one of the test results
does not meet the requirements of this standard, it can be re-inspected with double
quantity of samples. If the re-inspection result is still unqualified, the brake friction and
wear performance is unqualified.
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
7.1 Marking
The back of the brake pad shall have a permanent mark; the handwriting shall be clear,
which shall still be recognizable when the brake pad is used to the end of its use. The
content of the mark is as follows.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 The brake pads shall be packaged and moisture-proof. The following marks shall
be on the packaging box.
7.2.2 The packaging box shall contain the product certificate and the inspection report
required by the user.
7.3 Transportation and storage
7.3.1 The brake pads shall not be dropped or thrown during transportation, loading and
unloading, to prevent damage and deformation of the brake pads.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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