GB/T 36276-2023 PDF English
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Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
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| GB/T 36276-2018 | English | 365 |
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Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
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GB/T 36276-2023: Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT36276-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
CCS F 19
Replacing GB/T 36276-2018
Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
Issued on. DECEMBER 28, 2023
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms, definitions, symbols... 7
4 Encoding... 10
5 Technical requirements... 12
6 Test methods... 23
7 Inspection rules... 76
8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage... 84
Appendix A (Normative) Battery operating parameters... 86
Appendix B (Informative) Battery specification parameters... 90
Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
1 Scope
This document specifies the appearance, size and mass, electrical performance,
environmental adaptability, durability performance, safety performance and other
requirements of lithium-ion batteries for electric energy storage (referred to as "lithium-
ion batteries"); describes the corresponding test methods; stipulates coding, normal
working environment, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage,
etc.
This document applies to the design, manufacturing, testing, inspection, operation,
maintenance, and overhaul of lithium-ion batteries for electrical energy storage.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated reference
documents, only the version corresponding to the date applies to this document; for
undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part1.Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 4857 (all parts) Packaging - Transport packages
GB/T 5398 Test methods for large transport packages
GB/T 16471 Dimensional and weight constraints for transport package
DL/T 2528 Basic terminology of electric energy storage
3 Terms, definitions, symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in DL/T 2528, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
3.1.1
Rated power charging-discharge cycles
Under specified conditions, when the battery is cyclically charged and discharged at
rated power, the guaranteed value of number of cycles when the charge-discharge
energy attenuate to the rated charging-discharge energy.
3.1.2
Nominal voltage of battery
A voltage value which marks or identifies a type of battery.
3.1.3
Initialized charging
Under specified conditions, the process where the battery is discharged to the
discharge cut-off condition and then charged to the charge cut-off condition.
3.1.4
Initialized discharging
Under specified conditions, the process where battery is charged to the charge cut-
off condition and then discharged to the discharge cut-off condition.
3.1.5
Rate charge-discharge
The process of charge-discharge the battery at a power value higher than the rated
power, under specified conditions.
4 Encoding
The coding rules for lithium-ion batteries for electric energy storage are as shown in
Figure 1.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Normal working environment
The normal working environment of the battery shall meet the following requirements.
a) Temperature. 5 °C ~ 45 °C.
b) There is no condensation on the live parts.
c) Altitude. Not greater than 2000 m; when it is greater than 2000 m, it meets the
high-altitude performance requirements in this document.
d) The air does not contain sand, dust, conductive, corrosive, or explosive particles
and gases that may affect normal operation.
5.2 Appearance, size, mass
5.2.1 Battery cells
The appearance, size, mass of battery cells shall meet the following requirements.
a) The appearance is free of scratches, deformation and damage; the positive and
negative poles are free of rust; the markings are correct and clear;
b) The absolute deviation of thickness shall not be greater than 2 mm; the relative
deviation of other dimensions shall not be greater than 1.0%;
c) The relative mass deviation is not greater than 1.5%;
d) The volumetric energy density is not less than the nominal value of the volumetric
energy density;
e) The mass energy density is not less than the nominal mass energy density.
5.2.2 Battery module
The appearance, size, mass of the battery module shall meet the following requirements.
a) The appearance is not deformed or damaged; the structure is complete; the
nameplate and marking are correct and clear;
b) The absolute deviation of dimensions meets the requirements of Table 1;
c) The relative mass deviation is not greater than 1.5%;
d) The volumetric energy density is not less than the nominal value of the volumetric
energy density;
e) The mass energy density is not less than the nominal mass energy density.
6 Test methods
6.1 Test conditions
6.1.1 Test environment
Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted in an environment at a
temperature of 15 °C to 40 °C, a relative humidity of ≤ 80%, an atmospheric pressure
of 86 kPa to 106 kPa.
6.1.2 Test equipment
6.1.2.1 Measuring instruments
The main technical indicators of measuring instruments shall meet the requirements of
Table 2.
6.1.2.2 Charge-discharge device
The main technical indicators of the charge-discharge device shall meet the
requirements of Table 3.
6.1.2.3 Environmental simulation device
The main technical indicators of the environmental simulation device shall meet the
requirements of Table 4.
6.1.2.4 Adiabatic simulation device
The main technical index of the adiabatic simulation device shall meet the requirements
of Table 5.
6.1.2.5 Insulation withstanding voltage test device
The main technical indicators of the insulation withstanding voltage test device shall
meet the requirements of Table 6.
Table 6 -- Main technical index requirements of insulation withstanding voltage
6.1.2.6 Short circuit test device
The main technical indicators of the short circuit test device shall meet the requirements
of Table 7.
6.2 Test preparation
6.2.1 Test sample preparation
Test sample preparation shall meet the following requirements.
a) The battery module is composed of battery cells that meet the type inspection
requirements of this document； the battery cluster is composed of battery
modules that meet the type inspection requirements of this document;
b) The number of samples meets the requirements of inspection rules;
c) Please refer to Table B.1, Table B.2, Table B.3 of Appendix B for the battery
specification parameter table;
d) Provide written documentation of the location of the battery cell's explosion-proof
valve or pressure relief point;
e) During the battery cell test process, in addition to the inspection items of
appearance, size and mass, high temperature adaptability, low temperature
adaptability, storage performance, extrusion performance, drop performance,
adiabatic temperature rise characteristics, other inspection items can choose to
use solid steel or aluminum clamp;
f) The test sample is connected to the test device through an external connector. The
external connector can withstand the maximum current during the test without
fusing;
g) Before the test, prepare a test plan and formulate safety protection measures based
on the safety risks of the test sample. During the electrical performance test,
environmental adaptability test, durability performance test process, if the test
sample has expansion, rupture, leakage, smoke, fire, explosion, etc., it shall
terminate all inspection items corresponding to the test sample.
6.2.2 Test line connection
6.2.2.1 Battery cells
Unless otherwise specified, battery cell's test circuit connections shall comply with the
following requirements.
a) Select test equipment based on test temperature, humidity, battery cell size,
voltage, power and other parameters;
b) The positive and negative poles of the battery cells are connected to the test
equipment through input and output cables, to form a current loop;
c) The positive and negative electrodes of the battery cells are connected to the test
equipment through voltage data sampling lines, to form a voltage data collection
loop;
d) The battery cell temperature sampling point and the test equipment are connected
through the temperature data sampling line, to form a temperature data collection
loop. For inspection items that do not use fixtures, the temperature sampling point
of the battery cell is the center position of the plane with a larger surface area of
the battery cell. For inspection items using fixtures, the temperature sampling
point of the battery cell is the center position of the side of the battery cell.
6.2.2.2 Battery module
Unless otherwise specified, battery module's test circuit connections shall comply with
the following requirements.
a) Select test equipment based on test temperature, humidity, battery module size,
voltage, power and other parameters;
b) The positive and negative poles of the battery module are connected to the test
equipment through input and output cables, to form a current loop;
c) The positive and negative poles of the battery module and battery cell are
connected to the test equipment through voltage data sampling lines, to form a
voltage data collection loop;
d) The battery module's temperature sampling point and the test equipment are
connected through a temperature data sampling line, to form a temperature data
collection loop. The battery module's temperature sampling point includes fixed
sampling points of the positive electrode busbar and negative electrode busbar of
the battery module and no less than 2 representative random sampling points;
e) For battery modules using liquid cooling, the liquid cooling system can work
during the power characteristic test, rate charge-discharge performance test, cycle
performance test. During the cycle performance test, the liquid inlet temperature
at the sample end is consistent with the test temperature. The high temperature
adaptability test, low temperature adaptability test, storage performance test,
liquid cooling pipeline pressure resistance performance test before draining the
coolant, filling other test items with coolant and disconnecting the liquid cooling
system before testing.
6.2.2.3 Battery cluster
Unless otherwise specified, battery cluster's test circuit connections shall comply with
the following requirements.
a) Select test equipment based on test temperature, humidity, battery cluster size,
voltage, power and other parameters;
b) The positive and negative poles of the battery cluster are connected to the test
equipment through input and output cables, to form a current loop;
c) The test equipment and the battery management system of the battery cluster are
connected through communication lines, to form a control and protection loop;
d) The positive and negative electrodes of battery clusters, battery modules and
battery cells are connected to the test equipment through voltage data sampling
lines, to form a voltage data collection loop;
e) The battery cluster's temperature sampling point and the test equipment are
connected through a temperature data sampling line, to form a temperature data
collection loop.
6.2.3 Test parameter setting
Battery test parameter settings shall meet the following requirements.
a) The test parameter setting values meet the requirements of Table A.1;
b) The working parameter values of the battery cells, battery modules, battery
clusters are unique and consistent with the working parameter values of the
battery in actual use;
c) Unless otherwise specified, during the test process of battery cells and battery
modules, the secondary alarm value of charge-discharge voltage and the
secondary alarm temperature of high and low temperature of battery cells are used
as the test protection setting values;
d) Unless otherwise specified, the battery cluster's test process takes the secondary
alarm value of charge-discharge voltage, the secondary alarm value of charge-
discharge current, the secondary alarm of high and low temperature of the battery
cell, the secondary alarm of voltage range of battery cluster charge-discharge
battery module, the secondary alarm value of voltage range of battery cell charge-
discharge battery module, the secondary alarm value of temperature range of
battery cluster charge-discharge battery cell, as the test protection setting values.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection categories and inspection items
Inspection is divided into exit-factory inspection, type inspection, sampling inspection.
The inspection categories and inspection items shall meet the requirements of Table 20.
7.2 Exit-factory inspection
7.2.1 Exit-factory inspection rules
Each production batch of products shall undergo exit-factory inspection according to
the inspection sequence before leaving the factory. The exit-factory inspection shall
meet the requirements of Table 21.
7.2.2 Determination rules
During the exit-factory inspection, if the inspection items of all test samples meet the
requirements, they will be judged to have passed the exit-factory inspection; if any test
item of any test sample does not meet the requirements, it will be judged to have failed
the exit-factory inspection.
7.3 Type inspection
7.3.1 Situations requiring type inspection
Type inspection shall be carried out under any of the following circumstances.
a) New products are put into production;
b) Factory address change;
c) Resume production after more than one year of suspension;
d) There are significant changes in structure, process or materials;
e) Contractual agreement.
7.3.2 Type inspection rules
The battery module's type inspection shall be completed before the battery cluster's type
inspection; the battery cell's type inspection shall be completed before the battery
module's type inspection. The type inspection shall be carried out in the inspection order
and shall comply with the inspection rules in Table 22.
7.3.3 Determination rules
During type inspection, if the inspection items of all test samples meet the requirements,
they will be judged to have passed the type inspection; if any test item of any test sample
does not meet the requirements, they will be judged to have failed the type inspection.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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