GB/T 35607-2024 (GB/T 35607-2017) PDF English
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.020.10
Z 04
Green product assessment - Furniture
Issued on: DECEMBER 08, 2017
Implemented on: JULY 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Product classification... 7
5 Assessment requirements... 8
6 Assessment method... 13
Annex A (normative) Assessment standards for quality of various furniture
products... 14
Annex B (normative) Determination of formaldehyde emission and TVOC in
sofa... 16
Annex C (normative) Determination of formaldehyde emission in mattresses
... 20
Annex D (normative) Determination of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene,
tvoc and movable elements in wood furniture... 25
Annex E (normative) Calculation of outline volume of other furniture such as
wooden furniture... 30
Annex F (normative) Determination of TVOC in mattress... 31
Annex G (informative) Resources, energy and materials encouraged to use in
the production of furniture... 33
Green product assessment - Furniture
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the assessment requirements and assessment method
for green product of furniture products.
This Standard applies to all furniture products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 3324, General technical requirements for wooden furniture
GB/T 3325, Metal furniture - General technical requirements
GB/T 5296.6, Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 6.
Furniture
GB 6675.4-2014, Safety of toys - Part 4.Migration of certain elements
GB/T 10357.1, Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 1.Strength
and durability of tables
GB/T 10357.3, Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 3.Strength
and durability of chairs and stools
GB/T 10357.5, Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 5.Strength
and durability of storage units
GB/T 10357.6, Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 6.Strength
and durability of beds
GB/T 14531, Office furniture - Tables, chairs and stools for reading
GB/T 14532, Office furniture - Wooden cabinets and shelves
GB/T 16288, Marking of plastics products
GB/T 18204.2-2014, Examination methods for public places - Part 2.
GB/T 28951, Forest certification in China - Forest management
GB/T 28952, Forest certification in China - Chain of custody
GB/T 29115, Evaluating guide for raw material saving of industrial
enterprises
GB/T 31106, Determination of volatile organic compounds in furniture
GB/T 31107, Environmental chamber for the determination of volatile organic
compounds of furniture - General technical requirements
GB/T 32444, General technical requirements for bamboo furniture
GB/T 32487, General technical requirements for plastic furniture
GB/T 33282, General technical requirements for indoor stone furniture
GBZ 2.1, Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the
workplace Part 1.Chemical hazardous agents
GBZ 159, Specifications of air sampling for hazardous substances
monitoring in the workplace
GBZ/T 160 (all parts), Methods for determination of toxic chemicals in the air
of workplace
GBZ/T 192.2, Determination of dust in the air of workplace - Part 2.
Respirable dust concentration
QB/T 1097, Steel filing cabinet
QB/T 1952.1, Upholstered furniture - sofa
QB/T 1952.2, Upholstered furniture - Spring mattress
QB/T 2280, Office furniture - Office chair
QB/T 2384, Wooden desk for writing
QB/T 2385, Valuable hardwood furniture in deep color
QB 2453.1, Children’s Cots and Folding Cots for Domestic Use - Part 1.
Safety Requirements
QB/T 2453.2, Children’s Cots and Folding Cots for Domestic Use - Part 2.
Test Methods
QB/T 2530, Wooden cabinet
a) wooden furniture;
b) metal furniture;
c) bamboo and rattan furniture;
d) plastic furniture;
e) upholstered furniture;
f) glass stone furniture;
g) other furniture.
5 Assessment requirements
5.1 General
The green furniture shall meet the following requirements.
- The pollutant discharge status of product manufacturer shall comply with
relevant environmental protection laws and regulations, meet the
requirements of national or local pollutant discharge standards, and have
no major safety accidents or major environmental pollution incidents in the
past three years;
- The total amount of pollutants in production enterprise shall be controlled
to meet the national and local pollutant discharge total control indicators;
- The management of production enterprise shall establish and operate
environmental management system, quality management system and
occupational health and safety management system in accordance with
GB/T 24001, GB/T 19001 and GB/T 28001 respectively;
- The product quality level shall meet the requirements of relevant product
standards (see Annex A).
5.2 Requirements for assessment indicators
The green assessment indicators for the life cycle of green furniture shall
comply with the provisions of Table 1.
Annex B
(normative)
Determination of formaldehyde emission and TVOC in sofa
B.1 Instruments and equipment
B.1.1 Climate cabin
In accordance with GB/T 31107.
B.1.2 Sampling instruments and equipment
In accordance with GB/T 31106.
B.2 Test procedures
B.2.1 Pretreatment
Before the test, measure and record the total area of the testing sample (visible
surface), and pretreat the testing sample. The requirements for pretreatment
are as follows.
The pretreatment time is (120±2)h.
The environmental conditions of pretreatment are.
- the temperature is (23±2)°C;
- the relative humidity is (45±10)%;
- the gas exchange rate. (1±0.05) h-1;
- the distance between samples is not less than 300mm;
- the concentration of formaldehyde in ambient air is ≤0.050 mg/m3, and the
concentration of TVOC is ≤0.60 mg/m3.
B.2.2 Preparation before test
The load factor during the test is 0.30 m2/m3 ~ 0.70 m2/m3.The standard load
factor is specified as 0.5 m2/m3.When the sample carrying rate is not equal to
0.5 m2/m3, calculate the air exchange rate according to formula (B.1).
- After 20 h, double the air sample at the gas cabin outlet.
NOTE 1.If the gas background concentration in the test cabin before the sample is placed
is higher than the required index, the ventilation process shall be repeated until the
concentration range falls within the target range.
NOTE 2.The climate cabin shall maintain normal air pressure during gas collection. The
volume of gas passing through the collection device is less than 80% of the volume of gas
entering the climate cabin during the same period.
B.2.5 Sample collection and determination
B.2.5.1 Collection and determination of formaldehyde sample
Carry out according to the provisions of GB/T 31106.For the arbitration test,
the formaldehyde is determined by the phenol reagent spectrophotometry
specified in the standard.
B.2.5.2 Collection and determination of TVOC sample
Carry out according to the provisions of GB/T 31106.
B.2.6 Result calculation
B.2.6.1 Volatile organic matter concentration in climate cabin under test
conditions
Calculate according to formula (B.2).
where,
cc - volatile organic matter concentration in climate chamber under test
conditions, in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3);
c1 - test results of volatile organic compounds concentration in climate cabin, in
milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3);
c0 - test results of volatile organic compounds concentration in climate cabin
background, in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3).
B.2.6.2 Volatile organic matter release rate in sofa
Calculate according to formula (B.3).
Annex C
(normative)
Determination of formaldehyde emission in mattresses
C.1 Principle
Formaldehyde in the air reacts with phenol reagent to form azine. Azine is
oxidized by high-iron ions in an acidic solution to form a blue-green compound.
Perform quantitative colorimetric according to color depth.
C.2 Reagents and material
Comply with the provisions of 7.2 of GB/T 18204.2-2014.
C.3 Instruments and equipment
C.3.1 Formaldehyde / TVOC collector (referred to as. the collector)
The collector box shall be made of materials that do not adsorb or adsorb
formaldehyde (such as stainless steel, glass, etc.). Four inlet unidirectional
venting valves with an inner diameter of φ10 mm are placed around the casing,
located 50 mm from the lower side and the side. An exhaust one-way venting
valve with an inner diameter of φ10mm is arranged at the geometric center of
the top of the box, and serves as a sampling port. One side of the exhaust check
valve shall be provided with an opening with a diameter of φ100mm with a cover
- called as a sniffing hole for odor discrimination. The hole shall be located on
the center line of one side of the box, and the center of the hole is 150mm from
the edge. The external surface of the box shall use insulation material that does
not release volatile harmful substances such as formaldehyde and TVOC, and
has a thermal conductivity of 0.03 W/(m·K) ~ 0.04 W/(m·K) and a thickness of
10mm for thermal insulation treatment. The overall mass of the collector shall
be no more than 250 kg.
There shall be 4 plate heating devices with constant temperature and uniform
heat distribution (the temperature difference between any two points of the
heating plate is not more than 0.5°C) inside the cabinet. Its shape is a
rectangular parallelepiped with a length of 560 mm, a width of 230 mm and a
height of 50 mm. It is mounted at the lower 1/3 of the box and is 100 mm from
the side of the cabinet. The heating plate shall be made of a metal material with
good thermal conductivity (such as aluminum alloy), and a temperature sensor
is placed thereon for temperature measurement and control. The power of the
heating plate shall be able to raise the temperature inside the box from 23°C to
30°C in 20min ~ 30min.
Annex D
(normative)
Determination of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, tvoc and
movable elements in wood furniture
D.1 Test principle
D.1.1 Determination principle of formaldehyde and benzene, toluene,
xylene and TVOC
Put the sample into the climate cabin according to the specified volumetric
loading rate. Simulate the environmental conditions that sample uses to test.
Collect air in the cabin after it reaches the specified time. By using the specified
test method, test formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, xylene, TVOC
concentrations.
D.1.2 Principle of migrating element determination
According to the principle of interaction of migratory elements with acids and
bases, simulate the migrating element content when the furniture is in everyday
use, after the migratory elements in the finish of the furniture surface are
dissolved by the user's acid, alkaline sweat or by the child's sucking and biting
saliva, they are absorbed by human body.
D.2 Test equipment
D.2.1 Climate cabin
In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 31107.
D.2.2 Sampling instruments and equipment
In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 31106.
D.2.3 Migrating element test reagents and instruments
In accordance with the provisions of Clause 6 in GB 6675.4-2014.
D.3 Test procedures
D.3.1 Formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, xylene, TVOC test
D.3.1.1 Calculation of sample contour volume
Calculate the sample outline volume as specified in Annex E. When the sample
The cabin air shall be collected within 1 h before the sample is placed in the
climate cabin. Determine and record the concentration of formaldehyde and
benzene, toluene, xylene and TVOC according to the provisions of GB/T 31106.
The background concentration should meet. formaldehyde ≤0.006 mg/m3,
benzene, toluene, xylene are ≤0.005 mg/m3, TVOC ≤0.05 mg/m3.
D.3.1.5 Collection of formaldehyde and VOC
After the sample is pretreated, it shall be placed in the climate cabin within 1 h.
Assembled products, folded products, and adjustable products shall be
assembled, opened, and adjusted in a pattern that is most beneficial for the
release of harmful substances. Generally, it is pre-processed as a whole
product. The surface of all moving parts of the product shall be exposed to the
climate cabin as much as possible.
During the test, the test conditions in the climate cabin shall be met.
- Temperature is (23±2)°C;
- Relative humidity is (45±5)%;
- Air exchange rate, calculated according to formula (1);
- Air flow rate is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s;
- Formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, xylene, TVOC concentrations in feed
air. formaldehyde ≤0.006 mg/m3, single VOC≤0.005 mg/m3, TVOC≤0.05
mg/m3.
After the sample is placed in the climate cabin for (20±0.5)h, air sampling is
carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 31106.Complete within 1h.
D.3.1.6 Determination of formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, xylene and
TVOC
Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 31106.During the
arbitration test, the formaldehyde analysis uses the phenol reagent
spectrophotometry specified in the standard.
D.3.2 Migrating element test
D.3.2.1 Selection of coating site
The coating site shall be selected from the surface of the sample (except for
the leather on the furniture surface and the coating on the textile fabric that are
not sampled by the methods specified in this Standard). If there are multiple
color coatings, each coating shall be tested. Analysis correction shall be carried
out by detecting the maximum value of each migrating element.
Annex E
(normative)
Calculation of outline volume of other furniture such as wooden
furniture
E.1 Measuring instrument
Steel ruler or tape measure with an accuracy of not less than 1mm. If an area
tester is used, the accuracy shall be no less than 1 mm2.
E.2 Calculation method for contour volume of various wooden furniture
E.2.1 Cabinet furniture
Measure the maximum horizontal projection area and maximum profile height
of cabinet furniture. Calculate the product of the two as the contour volume of
the cabinet furniture.
E.2.2 Table furniture
Measure the maximum horizontal projection area and maximum profile height
of table furniture. Calculate the product of the two as the contour volume of the
table furniture.
E.2.3 Chair furniture
Measure the maximum horizontal projection area of the seating surface and the
maximum height of the seating surface. Calculate the product of the two as the
contour volume of the chair furniture. The volume of the back and armrests is
negligible.
E.2.4 Stool furniture
Measure the maximum horizontal projection area of the stool surface and the
maximum height of the stool surface. Calculate the product of the two as the
contour volume of the stool furniture.
E.2.5 Bed furniture
Measure the maximum horizontal projected area and surfacing height of the
bed. Calculate the product of the two as the contour volume of the bed furniture.
The size of the bed above the pavement is negligible.
Annex G
(informative)
Resources, energy and materials encouraged to use in the production of
furniture
G.1 Renewable resources
After being exploited by humans once, it can naturally generate, grow and
multiply through natural or artificial activities for a certain period of time (one
year or several decades). Some can continue to increase the reserves of
material resources, including surface water, soil, plants, animals, aquatic
organisms, micro-organisms, forests, grasslands, air, sunlight (solar), climate
resources and marine resources, etc.
G.2 Clean energy
G.2.1 Definition of clean energy
Clean energy is an environmentally friendly source of energy, meaning
environmental protection, low emissions, and low levels of pollution. It refers to
energy that does not emit pollutants and can be directly used in production and
life. It includes nuclear energy and “renewable energy”.
G.2.2 Renewable energy
G.2.2.1 Solar energy
It generally refers to the radiant energy of sunlight. The use of solar energy
mainly includes passive utilization (photothermal conversion) and photoelectric
conversion.
G.2.2.2 Geothermal energy
Natural heat extracted from the earth's crust. This energy comes from the lava
inside the earth and exists in the form of heat, which is the energy that causes
volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
G.2.2.3 Water energy
Energy from the kinetic and potential energy of water.
G.2.2.4 Wind energy
An available energy that is provided to humans because of the work of the wind.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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