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GB/T 230.1-2018 PDF English

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GB/T 230.1-2018: Metallic materials -- Rockwell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method
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GB/T 230.1: Evolution and historical versions

Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] deliveryName of Chinese StandardStatus
GB/T 230.1-2018English415 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Metallic materials -- Rockwell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method Valid
GB/T 230.1-2009English125 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Metallic materials -- Rockwell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) Obsolete
GB/T 230.1-2004English679 Add to Cart 5 days Metallic Rockwell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) Obsolete
GB/T 230-1991English319 Add to Cart 3 days Metallic materials--Rockwell hardness test Obsolete

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GB/T 230.1-2018: Metallic materials -- Rockwell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method

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NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.040.10 H 22 Replacing GB/T 230.1-2009 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1.Test method (ISO 6508-1.2016, MOD) Issued on. MAY 14, 2018 Implemented on. DECEMBER 01, 2018 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC.

Table of Contents

Foreword... 4 1 Scope... 7 2 Normative references... 7 3 Principle... 7 4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and designations... 8 5 Testing machine... 10 6 Test piece... 11 7 Procedure... 12 8 Uncertainty of the results... 14 9 Test report... 14 10 Conversions to other hardness scales or tensile strength values... 15 Annex A (Normative) Special HR30TSm and HR15TSm test for thin products ... 16 Annex B (Normative) Minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the Rockwell hardness... 18 Annex C (Normative) Daily verification procedure... 21 Annex D (Normative) Inspection of diamond indenters... 25 Annex E (Normative) Corrections to be added to Rockwell hardness values obtained on convex cylindrical surfaces... 26 Annex F (Normative) Corrections to be added to Rockwell hardness C scale values obtained on convex spherical test surfaces... 28 Annex G (Informative) Uncertainty of the measured hardness values... 29 Bibliography... 38

Foreword

GB/T 230 “Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test” is divided into the following 3 parts. - Part 1.Test method; - Part 2.Verification and calibration of testing machines; - Part 3.Calibration of reference blocks. This Part is Part 1 of GB/T 230. This Part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Part replaces GB/T 230.1-2009 “Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1.Test method”. As compared with GB/T 230.1-2009, the main technical changes are as follows. - Modify the material of the spherical standard Rockwell hardness indenter (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of the 2009 version); - Modify the scope of use of ball indenters (see Clause 1, Note; Clause 1 of the 2009 version); - Modify the applicable range of application of Rockwell hardness HRA and HRB (see Table 1; Table 1 of the 2009 version); - Modify the provision that the application range of application of Rockwell Hardness HRC is extended to 10HRC (see Note to Table 1; Note to Table 1 of the 2009 version); - Modify the duration of preliminary test force F0 and of the additional test force F1 (see 7.6 and 7.9; 7.3 and 7.5 of the 2009 version); - Modify the distance between the centres of two adjacent indentations (see 7.13; 7.8 of the 2009 version); - Delete the Rockwell hardness value rounding-off requirement [see 2009 version, Clause 9 d)]; - Delete the requirement for sample roughness (see 6.1 of the 2009 version); - Modify the indenter used in the thin products HR30TSm and HR15TSm in Annex A (see Annex A, Note 1; Annex A, A.1 of the 2009 version); - Annex C is changed from an informative annex to a normative annex. The contents of Annex C Daily verification procedure have been modified (see Annex C; Annex E of the 2009 version); - Annex D is changed from an informative annex to a normative annex (see Annex D; Annex F of the 2009 version); - Modify the evaluation method for uncertainty of the measured hardness values in Annex G (see Annex G; Annex G of the 2009 version). This Part uses redraft law to modify and adopt ISO 6508-1.2016 “Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1.Test method”. Compared with ISO 6508-1.2016, the structure of this Part is basically the same. This Part, as compared with ISO 6508-1.2016, has technical differences. The clauses involved in these differences have been marked by a vertical single line (|) at the blank of the outer margin. The technical differences between this Part and ISO 6508-1.2016 and their reasons are as follows. - About normative references, this Part has made adjustments with technical differences, to adapt to the technical conditions of China. The adjustments are reflected in Clause 2 “Normative references”, as follows.  Replace ISO 6508-2 with GB/T 230.2 which adopts the international standard by modification;  Replace ISO 6508-3 with GB/T 230.3 which adopts the international standard by modification;  ADD reference to JJG 112 (see Clause 5);  ADD reference to JJF 1059.1 (see Clause 8). This Part also makes the following editorial changes. - In Annex G, ADD Figure G.1 and the corresponding note; - According to the order in which the annex appears in the standard, adjust the number of Annex C, Annex D, Annex E, and Annex F; - Delete Annex H and Annex I of the international standard. This Part was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association. This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 183 on Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183). Drafting organizations of this Part. Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, China Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, National Center for Quality Supervision & Test of Steel Material Products, Shanghai Shangcai Testermachine Co., Ltd., Shenyang Tianxing Testing lnstrument Co., Ltd., Industrial Products and Raw Materials Testing Technology Center of Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the PRC, Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for Non- ferrous Metals, Shougang Group Co., Ltd. Drafters of this Part. Du Xiaoqiang, Gao Yifei, Dong Li, Yuan Yuelan, Qian Baogen, Zhang Fenglin, Wu Yiwen, Fang Jian, Li Pu, Zhang Juan, Wang Ping. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this Part were released as follows. - GB/T 230-1983, GB/T 230-1991, GB/T 230.1-2004, GB/T 230.1-2009; - GB/T 1818-1979, GB/T 1818-1994. Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1.Test method

1 Scope

This Part of GB/T 230 specifies the method for Rockwell regular and Rockwell superficial hardness tests for scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, 15N, 30N, 45N, 15T, 30T, and 45T for metallic materials. This Part is applicable to stationary and portable Rockwell hardness testing machines. For specific materials or products, other specific standards apply (for instance, GB/T 3849.1[1] and GB/T 9097[2]).

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For the dated references, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest version (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document. GB/T 230.2-2012 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 2. Verification and calibration of testing machines (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) (GB/T 230.2-2012, ISO 6508-2.2005, MOD) GB/T 230.3 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 3.Calibration of reference blocks (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) (GB/T 230.3-2012, ISO 6508-3.2005, MOD)

3 Principle

An indenter of specified size, shape, and material is forced into the surface of a test specimen under two force levels using the specific conditions defined in Clause 7.The specified preliminary force is applied and the initial indentation depth is measured, followed by the application and removal of a specified additional force, returning to the preliminary force.

4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and designations

The symbols, abbreviated terms, and designations used in this Part are shown in Figure 1, Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3.Scales using indenter balls with diameter 6.350 mm and 12.70 mm may also be used, if specified in the product specification or by special agreement.

5 Testing machine

Spheroconical diamond indenter shall be in accordance with GB/T 230.2-2012 or JJG 112, with an included angle of 120° and radius of curvature at the tip of 0.2 mm. Diamond indenters shall be certified for use for either Ball indenter shall be tungsten carbide composite in accordance with GB/T 230.2-2012, with a diameter of 1.5875 mm or 3.175 mm.

6 Test piece

The thickness of the test piece, or of the layer under test (minimum values are given in Annex B), shall be at least 10 times the permanent indentation depth for diamond indenters and 15 times the permanent indentation depth for ball indenters, unless it can be demonstrated that the use of a thinner test piece does not affect the measured hardness value. In general, no deformation should be visible on the back of the test piece after the test. See Annex A for special requirements for testing very thin sheet metal using the HR30TSm and HR15TSm scales.

7 Procedure

The total test force, F, shall be maintained for a duration of 5-3+1 s. Remove the additional test force, F1, and, while the preliminary test force, F0, is maintained, after 4-3+1 s, the final reading shall be made. As an exception for test materials exhibiting excessive plastic flow (indentation creep) during the application of the total test force, special considerations might be necessary since the indenter will continue to penetrate. When materials require the use of a total force duration that exceeds the 6 s allowed by the tolerances, the actual extended total force duration used shall be reported following the test results (for example, 65 HRF/10 s).

8 Uncertainty of the results

A complete evaluation of the uncertainty should be done according to Guide JJF 1059.1 for expression of uncertainty in measurement. Independent of the type of sources, for hardness, there are two possibilities for the determination of the uncertainty.

9 Test report

Unless otherwise specified, the test report shall include at least the following. ......
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