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TB/T 3139-2021: Limit of harmful substance of non-metallic materials and indoor air for railway locomotive and vehicle
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RAILWAY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 45.060.01
S 30
Replacing TB/T 3139-2006
Limit of harmful substance of non-metallic materials and
indoor air for railway locomotive and vehicle
Issued on: MARCH 05, 2021
Implemented on: OCTOBER 01, 2021
Issued by. National Railway Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 9
4 Limits and test methods of harmful substances in non-metallic materials used in
vehicles... 10
5 Requirements and test methods for prohibited and restricted substances in non-
metallic materials for railway locomotive and vehicle... 21
6 Limits, detection methods, inspection rules of harmful substances in indoor air of
railway locomotive and vehicle... 26
Appendix A (Normative) Test method of weight loss after heating... 31
Appendix B (Normative) Substance composition of prohibited substances and restricted
substances in non-metallic materials for railway locomotive and vehicle... 33
Appendix C (Informative) Requirements for restricted substances in non-metallic
materials for railway locomotive and vehicle... 35
Appendix D (Normative) Detection of ozone depleting substances (ODS)... 37
Appendix E (Normative) Detection of 4-nitrobiphenyl content... 41
Appendix F (Normative) Detection of halobenzylmethane content... 44
Appendix G (Normative) Detection of phosphorus flame retardant content... 48
Appendix H (Normative) Detection of man-made mineral fibers... 51
Appendix I (Normative) Talc detection... 57
Appendix J (Normative) Detection of medium-chain chlorinated paraffins... 63
Appendix K (Normative) Detection of content of phthalates... 67
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document replaces TB/T 3139-2006 "Decorating materials and indoor air limit of
harmful substance for railway locomotive and vehicle". As compared with TB/T 3139-
2006, except for editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) DELETE the classification of structural materials and decorative materials; DO
not perform part division, for the applied materials (see 3.1 and 3.2 of the 2006
edition);
b) ADD the terms and indexes of weight loss after heating (see 3.1, 4.2.1, 4.4.1, 4.6.1,
4.8.1, 4.9.1);
c) ADD the basic requirements for the limits and test methods of non-metallic
materials for harmful substances, in vehicles (see 4.1);
d) MODIFY the limits and test methods of harmful substances, in adhesives,
coatings, textiles (see 4.4, 4.5, 4.7; 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 of the 2006 edition);
e) ADD the limit of harmful substances in shed cloth for folding shed windshield
(see 4.6);
f) ADD the thermal insulation material (see 4.8);
g) ADD the foaming material for seat and sleeper (see 4.9);
h) ADD the materials laminated with adhesives (see 4.10);
i) MODIFY the test method and technical requirements for formaldehyde (see 4.2,
4.8, 4.10; 4.1 of the 2006 edition);
j) ADD the requirements for prohibited and restricted substances of non-metallic
materials, which are used in railway locomotive and vehicle (see 5.2);
k) MODIFY the vehicle indoor air quality detection method (see 6.2.1; 4.1.3 of the
2006 edition);
l) MODIFY the vehicle indoor air sampling method (see 6.2.2; 4.1.2 of the 2006
edition);
m) DELETE the conversion relationship between ppm and mg/m3 of formaldehyde,
at different temperatures (see Appendix A of the 2006 edition);
n) ADD the test method of weight loss after heating (see Appendix A);
o) ADD the explanation of the substance composition of the prohibited substances
and restricted substances of non-metallic materials, for railway locomotive and
vehicle (see Appendix B);
p) ADD the requirements for restricted substances for non-metallic materials, which
are used in railway locomotive and vehicle (see Appendix C);
q) ADD the inspection methods for prohibited substances and restricted substances,
in non-metallic materials, which are used for railway locomotive and vehicle (see
5.3, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix F, Appendix G, Appendix H, Appendix
I, Appendix J, Appendix K).
Please note that some content of this document may be patented. The issuing agency of
this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the Institute of
Standards and Metrology of China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co., Ltd.
Drafting organizations of this standard. Institute of Metals and Chemistry of China
Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co., Ltd., CRRC Qingdao Sifang Vehicle
Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Railway Inspection and Certification Center Co.,
Ltd., CRRC Qingdao Sifang Railway locomotive and vehicle Co., Ltd., CRRC
Changchun Railway Passenger Car Co., Ltd., CRRC Tangshan Railway locomotive and
vehicle Co., Ltd., Qingdao Sifang Bombardier Railway Transportation Equipment Co.,
Ltd., CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document. Wu Shaoli, Chen Meng, Liu Zhenhua, Wang Wei,
Yu Quanlei, Wu Huiyong, Li Li, Shi Weibing, Qian Xiumin, Bu Fanqiang, Huang
Xuefei, Wang Cuizhen, Yang Guoji.
This standard replaces the standard previously issued as follows.
- It was first released in 2006 as TB/T 3139-2006
- This is the first revision.
Limit of harmful substance of non-metallic materials and
indoor air for railway locomotive and vehicle
1 Scope
This document specifies the limits and test methods of harmful substances in non-
metallic materials, which are used in railway locomotive and vehicle, the limits and test
methods of prohibited and restricted substances in non-metallic materials, which are
used in railway locomotive and vehicle, as well as the limits and test methods of harmful
substances in indoor air of railway locomotive and vehicle.
This document applies to the limits of harmful substances in non-metallic materials for
locomotives, passenger trains, EMUs; the indoor air of driver's cabs and passenger
compartments; the limits of prohibited and restricted substances of non-metallic
materials for locomotives, passenger trains, EMUs.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. For the dated documents, only the
versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated
documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this
standard.
GB/T 1725-2007 Paints varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-
matter content
GB/T 2912.1 Textiles - Determination of formaldehyde - Part 1.Free and
hydrolyzed formaldehyde (water extraction method)
GB/T 2918-2018 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
GB/T 6750-2007 Paints and varnishes - Determination of density - Pycnometer
method
GB/T 17592 Textiles - Determination of the banned azo colorants
GB/T 17657-2013 Test methods of evaluating the properties of wood-based panels
and surface decorated wood-based panels
GB/T 18204.2-2014 Examination methods for public places - Part 2.Chemical
pollutants
GB/T 18414.1 Textiles - Determination of the content of chlorinated phenols - Part
1.Gas chromatography/mass spectrography
GB/T 18446 Binders for paints and varnishes - Determination of monomeric
diisocyanates in isocyanate resins
GB 18583 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful
substances of adhesives
GB 18586 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful
substances of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Weight loss after heating
At a certain temperature, the mass change of the material, before and after heating.
3.2
CAS Number, CAS No.
The unique numerical identification number of the substance.
3.3
Volatile organic compounds, VOC
Organic compounds, which participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions, OR
organic compounds, which are determined according to relevant provisions.
[Source. GB 24409-2020, 3.23]
3.4
Volatile organic compound content, VOC content
The mass of organic compounds, which present in an adhesive or coating, as
measured under specified conditions.
[Source. GB 33372-2020, 3.1, with modifications].
3.5
Total volatile organic compounds, TVOC
Volatile organic compounds, which have retention time between n-hexane and n-
hexadecane, when using Tenax GC or Tenax TA sampling, and analyzing by non-
polar columns (polarity index less than 10).
[Source. GB/T 18883-2002, 3.3]
4 Limits and test methods of harmful substances in non-metallic materials used in vehicles
4.1 Basic requirements
For non-metallic materials, which have a usage amount of less than 500 g in a single
compartment, no test of weight loss after heating shall be carried out. Other
environmental protection requirements shall meet the corresponding requirements of
this standard.
4.2 Panel materials
4.2.1 Limits of harmful substances
High pressure decorative board (veneer board), veneer plywood, plywood, sandwich
structure materials, fiber reinforced materials, foam structure materials, engineering
plastics and other board materials, including but not limited to the above materials,
formaldehyde emission, weight loss after heating shall comply with the provisions of
Table 1.
4.2.2 Test method
The amount of formaldehyde released is carried out, according to the provisions of 4.60
in GB/T 17657-2013.The conditioning time at the constant temperature and humidity
environment, in the early stage, is 168 h ± 1 h. The longest test time is 168 h ± 1 h.
When the steady state is reached, the calculation shall be carried out, according to the
provisions of 4.60 in GB/T 17657-2013.If the steady state has not been reached, it shall
take the average of the last 4 results.
Test of weight loss after heating is carried out, in accordance with the provisions of
Appendix A.
4.3 Flooring materials
4.3.1 Limits of harmful substances
Flooring materials include floor cloth and polymer material floors (such as anti-
corrosion floors, etc.). The limit of harmful substances shall comply with the
requirements in Table 2.
4.3.2 Test method
Carry out the test, according to the provisions of GB 18586.
4.4 Adhesive
4.4.1 Limits of harmful substances
The content limit of harmful substances, in solvent-based adhesives, shall comply with
the provisions in Table 3.
4.4.2 Test method
Test of weight loss after heating is carried out, in accordance with the provisions of
Appendix A.
The test of volatile organic compound content (VOC content) is carried out, in
accordance with the provisions of GB 33372.
The rest of the tests are carried out, in accordance with the provisions of GB 18583.
4.5 Coatings
4.5.1 Solvent-based coatings
4.5.1.1 Limits of harmful substances
The content limit of harmful substances, in solvent-based coatings, shall comply with
the provisions in Table 6.
4.5.1.2 Test method
4.5.1.2.1 VOC content
It is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 23985-2009.The non-volatile
content is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 1725-2007.Weigh about 1
g of the specimen. Place it in an electric heating blast drying oven, at the condition of
105 ° C ± 2 ° C, for a duration of 1 h. Moisture is not measured. The moisture content
is set to zero.
The calculation of VOC content is carried out, according to 8.3 in GB/T 23985-2009.
The density is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 6750-2007.The test
temperature is 23 °C ± 0.5 °C.
4.5.1.2.2 Benzene content, total content of toluene and xylene (including
ethylbenzene)
It is carried out, according to the provisions of method A in GB/T 23990-2009.The
calculation of benzene content, toluene and xylene (including ethylbenzene) content
shall be carried out, according to 8.4.3 in GB/T 23990-2009.
4.5.1.2.3 Total content of halogenated hydrocarbons
It is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 23992-2009.The calculation of
halogenated hydrocarbon content shall be carried out, according to 8.5.2 of GB/T
23992-2009.
4.5.1.2.4 Total content of glycol ethers and ether esters
It is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 23986-2009.For the calculation
of glycol ether and ether ester content, it shall be carried out, according to 10.2 of GB/T
23986-2009 10.2; then it is converted into milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg).
4.5.1.2.5 Heavy metal content
The determination of lead (Pb) content, cadmium (Cd) content, mercury (Hg) content
is carried out, according to the provisions of GB/T 30647-2014.
For the determination of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) content, it shall first determine
the total chromium content in the specimen, according to the provisions of GB/T 30647-
2014; then it is carried out according to the provisions of Appendix B of GB 24409-
2020.
4.5.1.2.6 Total free diisocyanate content
The determination of the total content of free diisocyanates is carried out, according to
the provisions of GB/T 18446.
4.5.1.2.7 Methanol content
The determination of methanol content is carried out, according to the provisions of
GB/T 23986-2009.The calculation of methanol content is carried out, according to 10.2
of GB/T 23986-2009.
4.5.2 Water-based paints
4.5.2.1 Limits of harmful substances
The content limit of harmful substances, in water-based coatings, shall comply with the
provisions in Table 7.
5 Requirements and test methods for prohibited and
restricted substances in non-metallic materials for railway
locomotive and vehicle
5.1 Substance composition of prohibited and restricted substances in
non-metallic materials for railway locomotive and vehicle
The substance composition of prohibited substances and restricted substances of non-
metallic materials, for railway locomotive and vehicle, shall comply with the provisions
of Appendix B. For a single product, which has a mass of not more than 50 g, it may be
exempted from the test of prohibited or restricted substances.
5.2 Requirements for prohibited substances and restricted substances
of non-metallic materials for railway locomotive and vehicles
The requirements for prohibited substances of non-metallic materials, which are used
in railway locomotive and vehicle, shall comply with the provisions in Table 17.The
requirements for restricted substances are as shown in Appendix C.
5.3 Inspection methods for prohibited and restricted substances in
non-metallic materials for railway locomotive and vehicle
5.3.1 General rules for inspection methods
5.3.1.1 For the parts or components, that cannot be further disassembled by mechanical
methods (such as screwing, cutting, rolling, grinding), AND each part is a homogeneous
material composed of the same material, they shall be tested s the same material.
5.3.1.2 For the liquid samples such as glues, paints, grease products, etc., it shall prepare
sample, according to the final use state, for testing.
5.3.1.3 Products of the same type but different colors shall be tested for lead and its
compounds, cadmium and its compounds, aromatic amines, respectively.
5.3.1.4 The substances, which are listed in Appendix B, constitute the substances to be
tested for this type of substance inspection, AND serve as the basis for determining
compliance with this document.
5.3.1.5 In the absence of special instructions, the sample handling method is as follows.
a) For the textiles and leather, the processing method is to cut the sample into 5 mm
x 5 mm; for other materials, the processing method is to pulverize the sample to
a particle size of less than 1 mm (can pass through an 18-mesh sieve).
b) For the test of hexavalent chromium compounds, the treatment method is to
pulverize the sample to a particle size of less than 250 μm (can pass through a 60-
mesh sieve).
c) For test of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, the
treatment method is to pulverize the sample to a particle size of less than 500 μm
(can pass through a 35-mesh sieve).
d) For the bromine release test, the non-test area around the sample shall be wax-
sealed; the area of the sample tested shall not be less than 1 cm2.
5.3.2 Inspection methods for prohibited and restricted substances
5.3.2.1 The asbestos test shall be qualitatively analyzed, according to the provisions of
GB/T 23263.
6 Limits, detection methods, inspection rules of harmful
substances in indoor air of railway locomotive and vehicle
6.1 Requirements for indoor air quality limit of railway locomotive and
vehicle
Harmful substances, in the indoor air of railway locomotive and vehicle, shall comply
with the provisions of Table 18.
6.2 Detection method of indoor air quality of railway locomotive and
vehicle
6.2.1 Test method
The test method of formaldehyde (HCHO) is preferably the phenolic reagent
spectrophotometry, in GB/T 18204.2-2014.It can also be tested, according to the
provisions of Appendix C in HJ/T 400-2007.The arbitration adopts the phenolic reagent
spectrophotometry in GB/T 18204.2-2014.
The test method for total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) is carried out, according
to the provisions of GB/T 18883.
6.2.2 Sampling method
6.2.2.1 Sampling height
When sampling, it shall avoid the vent duct and ventilation opening. The distance from
the wall shall be greater than 0.5 m. The height of the sampling point, in the passenger
compartment, is 1.2 m ± 0.2 m from the floor; the sampling point, in the business area,
is 0.8 m ± 0.2 m above the floor; the sampling point, in the sleeper compartment, is 15
cm ~ 20 cm above each sleeper; the sampling point, in the driver’s cab, is 1.4 m ± 0.2
m above the floor; the sampling point of the dining compartment is 1.2 m ± 0.2 m above
the floor; the sampling point of the bar of the dining compartment is 1.6 m ± 0.2 m
above the floor.
6.2.2.2 Number of sampling points
According to the size of the indoor area of the vehicle and the specific conditions of the
site, 1 ~ 3 points are set for the area, which is less than 50 m2; 3 ~ 5 points are set for
the area, which is between 50 m2 and 100 m2; the sampling points are distributed in
diagonal or plum-shape. A schematic diagram of the sampling layout is as shown in
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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