GB/T 7216-2023 PDF English
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| GB/T 7216-2023 | English | 440 |
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Metallographic test for grey cast iron
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| GB/T 7216-2009 | English | 70 |
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Metallographic test for gray cast iron
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| GB/T 7216-1987 | English | 919 |
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Gray cast iron metallography
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GB/T 7216-2023: Metallographic test for grey cast iron---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT7216-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.080.10
CCS J 31
Replacing GB/T 7216-2009
Metallographic test for grey cast iron
(ISO 945-1.2019, Microstructure of cast irons - Part 1.Graphite classification by
visual analysis, MOD)
Issued on. MAY 23, 2023
Implemented on. MAY 23, 2023
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation.
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Specimen preparation... 6
5 Inspection items and rating chart... 7
6 Result representation... 22
7 Test report... 23
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of clause number between this document and
ISO 945-1.2019... 24
Appendix B (Informative) Technical differences between this document and ISO 945-
1.2019 and their reasons... 25
Appendix C (Informative) Example of typical flake graphite distribution morphology
... 27
Appendix D (Informative) Graphite type identification by image analysis... 29
Appendix E (Informative) Phosphorus eutectic type... 30
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document replaces GB/T 7216-2009 "Metallographic test for gray cast iron".
Compared with GB/T 7216-2009, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial
changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) CHANGE the scope of application of the standard (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of
the 2009 edition);
b) ADD the terms and definitions (see Chapter 3);
c) CHANGE the graphite distribution chart (see Figure 1; Figure 1 ~ Figure 6 of the
2009 edition);
d) CHANGE the graphite length measurement method (see 5.2.2; 4.2.1 of the 2009
edition);
e) CHANGE the graphite length grade reference chart (see Figure 2; Figure 7 ~
Figure 14 of the 2009 edition);
f) ADD the calculation method of graphite content (see 5.3);
g) CHANGE the pearlite content chart (see Figure 3; Figure 15 ~ Figure 22 of the
2009 edition);
h) CHANGE the carbide content chart (see Figure 4; Figure 23 ~ Figure 28 of the
2009 edition);
i) CHANGE the phosphorus eutectic content chart (see Figure 5; Figure 29 ~ Figure
34 of the 2009 edition);
j) CHANGE the magnification for detecting the number of eutectic clusters (see
5.7.1; 4.6.1 of the 2009 edition);
k) CHANGE the diameter of the 50x magnification photo of the eutectic cluster (see
Table 6; Table 6 of the 2009 edition);
l) CHANGE the eutectic cluster number chart (see Figure 6 ~ Figure 13; Figure 35
~ Figure 42 of the 2009 edition);
m) CHANGE the expression method of graphite shape and length (see 6.1 and 6.2;
5.1 and 5.2 of the 2009 edition);
n) ADD the examples of expressions of graphite shape and length (see 6.1 and 6.2).
This document modifies and adopts ISO 945-1.2019 "Microstructure of cast irons - Part
1.Graphite classification by visual analysis".
Compared with ISO 945-1.2019, this document has many structural adjustments. See
Appendix A for the comparison of structure numbers between the two documents.
Compared with ISO 945-1.2019, this document has many technical differences. The
terms involved are marked with a vertical single line (|) in the outer margin of the page.
These technical differences and their reasons are as shown in Appendix B.
Compared with ISO 945-1.2019, this document has also made the following editorial
changes.
- CHANGE the name of the document from ISO 945-1.2019 "Microstructure of cast
irons - Part 1.Graphite classification by visual analysis" to "Metallographic test
for gray cast iron". This document adopts Type I and Type II graphite in ISO 945-
1.2019;
- ADD the Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix D, Appendix E.
Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher
of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National
Casting Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 54).
Drafting organizations of this document. CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling
Stock Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Zhejiang
Mechanical and Electrical Design Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhu Xinxing Cast Pipe Co., Ltd.,
Guangxi Yuchai Machine Parts Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Midea Group Co., Ltd.,
Shandong Huijin Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Hangyang Casting Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Boxing
Industry and Trade Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Yueda Precision Forging Co., Ltd., Tianrun
Industrial Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong University of Technology, Liyang Xinli
Machinery Foundry Co., Ltd., Jinhua Wanliyang Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.,
Jiangsu Gangrui Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., Yantai Shengsheng Auto Parts
Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Shandong Longji Machinery Co., Ltd., Ningbo Tuotie
Machinery Co., Ltd., Yantai Standard Metrology Inspection and Testing Center,
Zhejiang Kunbo Precision Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou Dingsheng Machinery
Technology Co., Ltd., Changge Fuxing Auto Parts Co., Ltd., Tongyu Heavy Industry
Co., Ltd., Shandong Huifeng Casting Technology Co., Ltd., Cixi Huili Mechanical and
Electrical Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Mechanical and Electrical Vocational and Technical
College, Hangzhou Liande Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., Xixia County Zhongde Auto
Parts Co., Ltd., Yuzhou Henglilai New Materials Co., Ltd., Anhui Yulong Mold Casting
Co., Ltd., Hohai University, Benxi Iron and Steel (Group) Machinery Manufacturing
Co., Ltd., Liyang Wansheng Casting Co., Ltd., Shanghai Gongwu High-tech Industrial
Development Co., Ltd., Guangdong Jinzhili Technology Co., Ltd., Xinxing Cast Pipe
Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Bairun Kitchen Products Co., Ltd., Jiuquan Iron and Steel (Group)
Co., Ltd., SAIC Maxus Automobile Co., Ltd., SAIC Volkswagen Co., Ltd., Ningbo
Branch of China Academy of Ordnance Science, Shenyang Casting Research Institute
Co., Ltd., Guizhou Building Materials Product Quality Inspection and Testing Institute,
Zhangzhou Hengchang Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou Haili
Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Fuxin Lida Steel Casting Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document. Pan Anxia, Ren Haojuan, Chen Kaimin, Deng Han,
Wang Zehua, Jin Li, Jiang Ailong, Chen Yongfeng, Zhang Qiang, Shi Longhua, Wu
Qihua, Wu Baocheng, Cong Jianchen, Li Shengzhu, Ma Yongming, Zhang Jie, Chen
Xinhua, Shi Lifang, Hai Fenglong, Liang Huilei, Wang Rui, Yao Junhong, Qian Feng,
Zhou Kangkang, Xu Gangqiang, Cao Liwei, Ren Hualin, Yi Liyan, Liang Lisheng, Liu
Yuli, He Guanshui, Wang Haijie, Ruan Jiangang, Xu Wenda, Cui Lanfang, Liu Weiming,
Zhang Wenwei, Chen Jianhua, Zhang Song, Xu Gangqiang, Wu Chao, Xiang Zhengyu,
Hou Dongliang, Wang Yufang, Tian Zhongqing, Huang Liankai, Xiang Liang, Liu
Qingkun, Liu Xianmin, Zhou Changmeng, Tian Long, Fu Xiaoyun, Xie Zhongyun, Liu
Yan, Gao Renqiang, Zhang Youyu, Zhao Jie, Deng Shouliang, Qiu Zhonghua, Chen
Yihan, Yao Jun, Xu Yusheng, Zhang Peng, Zheng Wanxin, Qin Man, Xu De'an, Lv
Jianpan, Liu Jiance, Liu Sha.
This standard replaces the standard previously issued as follows.
- It was first published as GB/T 7216-1987 in 1987.It was first revised in 2009;
- This is the second revision.
Metallographic test for grey cast iron
1 Scope
This document specifies the preparation of specimens, inspection items and rating
charts, result representation, test reports for metallographic examination of gray cast
iron.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated reference
documents, only the version corresponding to the date applies to this document; for
undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document.
GB/T 5611 Foundry terminology
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 5611, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
The maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the graphite sheet
outline.
4 Specimen preparation
4.1 Metallographic specimens shall be taken from the test block or casting; the detection
surface shall avoid the casting surface.
4.2 Metallographic specimens are prepared in accordance with the provisions of GB/T
13298.During the process of intercepting and preparing metallographic specimens,
changes in the structure, graphite peeling, graphite tailing shall be prevented. The
surface of the specimen shall be smooth and clean; there shall be no coarse scratches.
5 Inspection items and rating chart
5.1 Graphite distribution morphology
5.1.1 To examine the graphite distribution morphology in the polished state, first
observe the entire inspected surface; compare the graphite morphology in most fields
of view with the corresponding rating chart, with a magnification of 100x.
5.1.2 According to the distribution form of graphite, it is divided into 6 types, as shown
in Figure 1; detailed description is as shown in Table 1.
6 Result representation
6.2 The length of graphite is expressed in terms of grades or length values. If the
graphite observed in different fields of view includes two length grades, the two length
grades of graphite can be described as. 3/4.By using an underline at a certain grade
number, it is indicated that graphite of that grade accounts for the majority.
6.3 Graphite content, pearlite content, carbide content, phosphorus eutectic content are
expressed by corresponding grade names or percentages; if the total content of carbide
and phosphorus eutectic does not exceed 5%, the two can be combined for assessment.
7 Test report
The test report shall include at least the following parts.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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