GB/T 44257.2-2024_English: PDF (GB/T44257.2-2024)
Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Standard Title (Description) | Status | PDF |
GB/T 44257.2-2024 | English | 320 |
Add to Cart
|
0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery
|
Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements
| Valid |
GB/T 44257.2-2024
|
Standard ID | GB/T 44257.2-2024 (GB/T44257.2-2024) | Description (Translated English) | Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | P97 | Classification of International Standard | 53.100 | Word Count Estimation | 18,163 | Date of Issue | 2024-07-24 | Date of Implementation | 2024-07-24 | Drafting Organization | CATL New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Xugong Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Yien New Power Technology (Shandong) Co., Ltd., Boreton Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Tongli Heavy Industry New Energy Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xiamen XGMA Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qiyuanxin Power Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Yuanhang Jinli New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Northern Heavy Duty Truck Co., Ltd., Linyi Lingong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Huizhou Yiwei Lithium Energy Co., Ltd., China Railway 14th Bureau Group Equipment Co., Ltd., Hunan Xiangdian Green Energy Intelligent Control Co., Ltd., Microvast Power System (Huzhou) Co., Ltd. | Administrative Organization | National Technical Committee for Standardization of Earthmoving Machinery (SAC/TC 334) | Proposing organization | China Machinery Industry Federation | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration |
GB/T 44257.2-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 53.100
CCS P 97
Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part
2: Electrical performance requirements
ISSUED ON: JULY 24, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 24, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations ... 7
5 Technical requirements ... 7
6 Test conditions ... 9
7 Test method ... 10
Appendix A (Informative) Test fixture for high and low temperature test chamber ... 17
Appendix B (Informative) Test procedure ... 18
References ... 19
Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part
2: Electrical performance requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the electrical performance requirements for power battery cells,
battery packs or battery systems for electric earth-moving machinery; describes the
relevant test methods.
This document is applicable to the manufacture of power lithium-ion batteries for
electric earth-moving machinery. The manufacture of other types of power batteries is
implemented with reference to it.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the
latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 10592 Specifications for high/low temperature testing chambers
GB/T 44254 Electric earth-moving machinery - Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 44254, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Electric earth-moving machinery; EEMM
Earth-moving machinery whose operating energy is fully or partially provided by
electric energy.
Note 1: Operating energy refers to the energy required for earth-moving machinery
operations, including energy input, energy output, intermediate energy conversion processes.
Note 2: Electric energy comes from onboard rechargeable energy storage systems, fuel cells,
generator devices, external wiring networks or other external energy storage devices.
Note: The range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of all samples.
5.1.4 Room temperature rate discharge capacity
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.5; the discharge capacity shall not be
less than 95% of the initial capacity.
5.1.5 Room temperature rate charging performance
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.6; the discharge capacity shall not be
less than 85% of the initial capacity.
5.1.6 Low temperature rate discharge capacity
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.7; the discharge capacity shall not be
less than 70% of the initial capacity.
5.1.7 High temperature discharge capacity
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.8; the discharge capacity shall not be
less than 95% of the initial capacity.
5.1.8 Charge retention and capacity recovery
The lithium-ion battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.9; the room temperature
and high temperature charge retention capacity shall not be less than 90% of the initial
capacity; the recovery capacity shall not be less than 95% of the initial capacity.
5.1.9 Storage
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.10; the recovery capacity shall not be
less than 95% of the initial capacity. At the same time, the range of the recovery capacity
and energy efficiency of all test objects shall not be greater than 5% of the average value.
5.1.10 Cycle life
The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.11. When the number of cycles reaches
500, the discharge capacity shall not be less than 90% of the initial capacity.
5.2 Battery pack or battery system
5.2.1 Appearance
The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.1. The appearance
shall be free of deformation and cracks. The surface shall be dry, free of burrs, external
injuries and dirt. It shall also have clear and correct markings.
5.2.2 Dimensions and mass
The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.2. The dimensions
and mass shall comply with the product technical requirements provided by the
manufacturer.
5.2.3 Room temperature discharge capacity
The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.4. The initial capacity
shall not be less than the rated capacity and shall not exceed 110% of the rated capacity.
The room temperature discharge energy shall not be less than the rated energy.
5.2.4 Energy efficiency
The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.4. The energy
efficiency shall not be less than 90%.
6 Test conditions
6.1 General conditions
6.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted in an environment at a
temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C, a relative humidity of 10% ~ 90%, an atmospheric pressure
of 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
6.1.2 When the test target ambient temperature changes, the environmental adaptation
process shall be completed before the test: the difference between the battery cell
temperature and the target ambient temperature shall not exceed 2 °C; the battery cell
temperature change rate shall be less than 1 °C/h within at least 30 min.
6.1.3 The high and low temperature test chamber shall meet the requirements of GB/T
10592; or refer to Appendix A to use the test fixture.
6.1.4 Before the test, the manufacturer shall provide parameters such as rated capacity,
rated energy, discharge termination voltage.
6.1.5 During the test, the thermal management system of the battery pack or battery
system works according to the manufacturer's requirements or the instructions of the
battery management system; the on or off status of the thermal management system
shall be clearly stated in the test report.
6.1.6 The test procedure and the number of samples required refer to Table B.1 in
Appendix B.
6.2 Accuracy of measuring instruments and meters
The accuracy of measuring instruments and meters shall meet the following
requirements:
If the manufacturer does not provide a charging method, charge at a constant current of
no less than 1I3 specified by the manufacturer to the charging termination voltage,
which is specified by the manufacturer. Switch to constant voltage charging, until the
charging current drops to 0.15I3. After charging, let it stand for 1 hour (or a standing
time of no more than 1 hour provided by the manufacturer).
7.1.4 Room temperature discharge capacity
The room temperature discharge capacity is carried out according to the following steps:
a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3;
b) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and
high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge reaches the discharge
termination voltage specified by the manufacturer;
c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah); calculate the discharge energy (Wh) and
discharge specific energy (Wh/kg);
d) Repeat steps a) ~ c) for 5 times. When the range of the results of 3 consecutive
tests is less than 3% of the rated capacity, the test can be terminated in advance;
take the average of the last 3 test results as the initial capacity.
7.1.5 Room temperature rate discharge performance
7.1.5.1 High energy batteries
7.1.5.1.1 The data recording interval of the room temperature rate discharge capacity
test shall not exceed 100 ms.
7.1.5.1.2 The room temperature rate discharge capacity test is carried out according to
the following steps:
a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3;
b) At room temperature, discharge the battery cell at a current of 3I3, until it reaches
the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer;
c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah).
7.1.5.2 High-power batteries
7.1.5.2.1 The data recording interval of the room temperature rate discharge capacity
test shall not exceed 100 ms.
7.1.5.2.2 The room temperature rate discharge capacity test is carried out according to
the following steps:
a) Charge the battery cell according to the method of 7.1.3;
b) At room temperature, discharge the battery cell at a current of 10I1 (maximum
current not exceeding 800 A), until it is discharged to the discharge termination
voltage specified by the manufacturer;
c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah).
7.1.6 Room temperature rate charging performance
Test the room temperature rate charging performance according to the following steps:
a) At room temperature, discharge the high energy type batteries at a current of 1I3
and high power type batteries at a current of 1I1, until they are discharged to the
discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; let it stand for 1 hour;
b) At room temperature, charge the battery cells to the charge termination voltage
specified by the manufacturer, according to the charging strategy specified by the
manufacturer, or the charge termination conditions specified by the manufacturer;
the total charging time does not exceed 30 minutes; let it stand for 1 hour;
c) At room temperature, discharge the high energy type batteries at a current of 1I3
and high power type batteries at a current of 1I1, until they are discharged to the
discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer;
d) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah).
7.1.7 Low-temperature discharge capacity
The low-temperature discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following
steps:
a) Charge the battery cells according to the method of 7.1.3;
b) Adapt the battery cells to environment at -20 °C ± 2 °C;
c) Discharge the battery cells at -20 °C ± 2 °C, with a current of 1I3 for high-energy
type batteries and 1I1 for high-power type batteries, until the discharge ends
voltage specified by the manufacturer (the low-temperature discharge end voltage
value is not less than 80% of the normal temperature discharge end voltage value);
d) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah).
7.1.8 High-temperature discharge capacity
The high-temperature discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following
steps:
d) Measure the charge retention capacity (Ah);
e) Charge the battery cell again according to the method of 7.1.3;
f) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy battery at a current of 1I3 and
discharge the high-power battery at a current of 1I1, until the discharge end
voltage specified by the manufacturer is reached;
g) Measure the recovery capacity (Ah).
7.1.10 Storage
The storage test is carried out in the following steps:
a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3;
b) Discharge the battery cell, at a current of 1I3 for 90 minutes at room temperature;
c) Store the battery cell at 45 °C ± 2 °C for 30 days;
d) Adapt the battery cell to the environment at room temperature;
e) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and
discharge the high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge ends
voltage specified by the manufacturer;
f) Charge the battery cell, according to the method in 7.1.3; calculate the charging
energy Ec1;
g) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and
discharge the high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge ends
voltage specified by the manufacturer;
h) Measure the recovery capacity; calculate the discharge energy Ed1;
i) Calculate the energy efficiency η1 according to formula (1):
Where:
η1 - Battery cell energy efficiency;
Ed1 - The discharge energy of the battery cell, in watt-hours (Wh);
Ec1 - The charging energy of the battery cell, in watt-hours (Wh).
7.1.11 Cycle life
The cycle life test is carried out according to the following steps:
a) Discharge the battery cell, at a current specified by the manufacturer and not less
than 1I3, to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer;
b) Adapt the battery cell to environment at 45 °C ± 2 °C;
c) At 45 °C ± 2 °C, charge the battery cell at a constant current of a current specified
by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the charge termination voltage
specified by the manufacturer; switch to constant voltage charging; stop charging
when the charging current drops to 0.15I3;
d) Adapt the battery cell to environment at 45 °C ± 2 °C;
e) At 45 °C ± 2 °C, discharge the battery cell at a current specified by the
manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the discharge termination voltage specified
by the manufacturer; record the discharge capacity;
f) According to steps b) ~ e), carry out the cycle test for 500 times continuously;
g) Measure the discharge capacity and energy.
7.2 Battery pack or battery system
7.2.1 Appearance
Under good light conditions, visually inspect the appearance of the battery pack or
battery system.
7.2.2 Dimensions and mass
Measure the dimensions and mass of the battery pack or battery system with measuring
instruments and scales.
7.2.3 Standard charging
At room temperature, high-energy batteries are discharged at a current of 1I3 and high-
power batteries at a current of 1I1, to the discharge termination voltage specified by the
manufacturer. Let it stand for 1 hour (or the standing time provided by the
manufacturer). Carry out charging according to the charging method provided by the
manufacturer.
If the manufacturer does not provide a charging method, the testing agency and the
manufacturer shall negotiate to determine a suitable charging method, or charge
according to the following method: charge at a constant current of a current specified
by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the charge termination voltage specified
by the manufacturer; let it stand for 1 hour (or the standing time provided by the
manufacturer).
......
|