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GB/T 44257.2-2024 English PDF

GB/T 44257.2-2024_English: PDF (GB/T44257.2-2024)
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GB/T 44257.2-2024English320 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements Valid GB/T 44257.2-2024


BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 44257.2-2024 (GB/T44257.2-2024)
Description (Translated English) Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard P97
Classification of International Standard 53.100
Word Count Estimation 18,163
Date of Issue 2024-07-24
Date of Implementation 2024-07-24
Drafting Organization CATL New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Xugong Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Yien New Power Technology (Shandong) Co., Ltd., Boreton Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Tongli Heavy Industry New Energy Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xiamen XGMA Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qiyuanxin Power Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Yuanhang Jinli New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Northern Heavy Duty Truck Co., Ltd., Linyi Lingong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Huizhou Yiwei Lithium Energy Co., Ltd., China Railway 14th Bureau Group Equipment Co., Ltd., Hunan Xiangdian Green Energy Intelligent Control Co., Ltd., Microvast Power System (Huzhou) Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization National Technical Committee for Standardization of Earthmoving Machinery (SAC/TC 334)
Proposing organization China Machinery Industry Federation
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration


GB/T 44257.2-2024 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 53.100 CCS P 97 Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements ISSUED ON: JULY 24, 2024 IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 24, 2024 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; National Standardization Administration. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 Introduction ... 4 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Terms and definitions ... 5 4 Symbols and abbreviations ... 7 5 Technical requirements ... 7 6 Test conditions ... 9 7 Test method ... 10 Appendix A (Informative) Test fixture for high and low temperature test chamber ... 17 Appendix B (Informative) Test procedure ... 18 References ... 19 Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 2: Electrical performance requirements 1 Scope This document specifies the electrical performance requirements for power battery cells, battery packs or battery systems for electric earth-moving machinery; describes the relevant test methods. This document is applicable to the manufacture of power lithium-ion batteries for electric earth-moving machinery. The manufacture of other types of power batteries is implemented with reference to it. 2 Normative references The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 10592 Specifications for high/low temperature testing chambers GB/T 44254 Electric earth-moving machinery - Terminology 3 Terms and definitions The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 44254, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document. 3.1 Electric earth-moving machinery; EEMM Earth-moving machinery whose operating energy is fully or partially provided by electric energy. Note 1: Operating energy refers to the energy required for earth-moving machinery operations, including energy input, energy output, intermediate energy conversion processes. Note 2: Electric energy comes from onboard rechargeable energy storage systems, fuel cells, generator devices, external wiring networks or other external energy storage devices. Note: The range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of all samples. 5.1.4 Room temperature rate discharge capacity The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.5; the discharge capacity shall not be less than 95% of the initial capacity. 5.1.5 Room temperature rate charging performance The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.6; the discharge capacity shall not be less than 85% of the initial capacity. 5.1.6 Low temperature rate discharge capacity The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.7; the discharge capacity shall not be less than 70% of the initial capacity. 5.1.7 High temperature discharge capacity The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.8; the discharge capacity shall not be less than 95% of the initial capacity. 5.1.8 Charge retention and capacity recovery The lithium-ion battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.9; the room temperature and high temperature charge retention capacity shall not be less than 90% of the initial capacity; the recovery capacity shall not be less than 95% of the initial capacity. 5.1.9 Storage The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.10; the recovery capacity shall not be less than 95% of the initial capacity. At the same time, the range of the recovery capacity and energy efficiency of all test objects shall not be greater than 5% of the average value. 5.1.10 Cycle life The battery cell shall be tested according to 7.1.11. When the number of cycles reaches 500, the discharge capacity shall not be less than 90% of the initial capacity. 5.2 Battery pack or battery system 5.2.1 Appearance The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.1. The appearance shall be free of deformation and cracks. The surface shall be dry, free of burrs, external injuries and dirt. It shall also have clear and correct markings. 5.2.2 Dimensions and mass The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.2. The dimensions and mass shall comply with the product technical requirements provided by the manufacturer. 5.2.3 Room temperature discharge capacity The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.4. The initial capacity shall not be less than the rated capacity and shall not exceed 110% of the rated capacity. The room temperature discharge energy shall not be less than the rated energy. 5.2.4 Energy efficiency The battery pack or battery system shall be tested according to 7.2.4. The energy efficiency shall not be less than 90%. 6 Test conditions 6.1 General conditions 6.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted in an environment at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C, a relative humidity of 10% ~ 90%, an atmospheric pressure of 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa. 6.1.2 When the test target ambient temperature changes, the environmental adaptation process shall be completed before the test: the difference between the battery cell temperature and the target ambient temperature shall not exceed 2 °C; the battery cell temperature change rate shall be less than 1 °C/h within at least 30 min. 6.1.3 The high and low temperature test chamber shall meet the requirements of GB/T 10592; or refer to Appendix A to use the test fixture. 6.1.4 Before the test, the manufacturer shall provide parameters such as rated capacity, rated energy, discharge termination voltage. 6.1.5 During the test, the thermal management system of the battery pack or battery system works according to the manufacturer's requirements or the instructions of the battery management system; the on or off status of the thermal management system shall be clearly stated in the test report. 6.1.6 The test procedure and the number of samples required refer to Table B.1 in Appendix B. 6.2 Accuracy of measuring instruments and meters The accuracy of measuring instruments and meters shall meet the following requirements: If the manufacturer does not provide a charging method, charge at a constant current of no less than 1I3 specified by the manufacturer to the charging termination voltage, which is specified by the manufacturer. Switch to constant voltage charging, until the charging current drops to 0.15I3. After charging, let it stand for 1 hour (or a standing time of no more than 1 hour provided by the manufacturer). 7.1.4 Room temperature discharge capacity The room temperature discharge capacity is carried out according to the following steps: a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3; b) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge reaches the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah); calculate the discharge energy (Wh) and discharge specific energy (Wh/kg); d) Repeat steps a) ~ c) for 5 times. When the range of the results of 3 consecutive tests is less than 3% of the rated capacity, the test can be terminated in advance; take the average of the last 3 test results as the initial capacity. 7.1.5 Room temperature rate discharge performance 7.1.5.1 High energy batteries 7.1.5.1.1 The data recording interval of the room temperature rate discharge capacity test shall not exceed 100 ms. 7.1.5.1.2 The room temperature rate discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following steps: a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3; b) At room temperature, discharge the battery cell at a current of 3I3, until it reaches the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah). 7.1.5.2 High-power batteries 7.1.5.2.1 The data recording interval of the room temperature rate discharge capacity test shall not exceed 100 ms. 7.1.5.2.2 The room temperature rate discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following steps: a) Charge the battery cell according to the method of 7.1.3; b) At room temperature, discharge the battery cell at a current of 10I1 (maximum current not exceeding 800 A), until it is discharged to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; c) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah). 7.1.6 Room temperature rate charging performance Test the room temperature rate charging performance according to the following steps: a) At room temperature, discharge the high energy type batteries at a current of 1I3 and high power type batteries at a current of 1I1, until they are discharged to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; let it stand for 1 hour; b) At room temperature, charge the battery cells to the charge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer, according to the charging strategy specified by the manufacturer, or the charge termination conditions specified by the manufacturer; the total charging time does not exceed 30 minutes; let it stand for 1 hour; c) At room temperature, discharge the high energy type batteries at a current of 1I3 and high power type batteries at a current of 1I1, until they are discharged to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; d) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah). 7.1.7 Low-temperature discharge capacity The low-temperature discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following steps: a) Charge the battery cells according to the method of 7.1.3; b) Adapt the battery cells to environment at -20 °C ± 2 °C; c) Discharge the battery cells at -20 °C ± 2 °C, with a current of 1I3 for high-energy type batteries and 1I1 for high-power type batteries, until the discharge ends voltage specified by the manufacturer (the low-temperature discharge end voltage value is not less than 80% of the normal temperature discharge end voltage value); d) Measure the discharge capacity (Ah). 7.1.8 High-temperature discharge capacity The high-temperature discharge capacity test is carried out according to the following steps: d) Measure the charge retention capacity (Ah); e) Charge the battery cell again according to the method of 7.1.3; f) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy battery at a current of 1I3 and discharge the high-power battery at a current of 1I1, until the discharge end voltage specified by the manufacturer is reached; g) Measure the recovery capacity (Ah). 7.1.10 Storage The storage test is carried out in the following steps: a) Charge the battery cell according to the method in 7.1.3; b) Discharge the battery cell, at a current of 1I3 for 90 minutes at room temperature; c) Store the battery cell at 45 °C ± 2 °C for 30 days; d) Adapt the battery cell to the environment at room temperature; e) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and discharge the high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge ends voltage specified by the manufacturer; f) Charge the battery cell, according to the method in 7.1.3; calculate the charging energy Ec1; g) At room temperature, discharge the high-energy batteries at a current of 1I3 and discharge the high-power batteries at a current of 1I1, until the discharge ends voltage specified by the manufacturer; h) Measure the recovery capacity; calculate the discharge energy Ed1; i) Calculate the energy efficiency η1 according to formula (1): Where: η1 - Battery cell energy efficiency; Ed1 - The discharge energy of the battery cell, in watt-hours (Wh); Ec1 - The charging energy of the battery cell, in watt-hours (Wh). 7.1.11 Cycle life The cycle life test is carried out according to the following steps: a) Discharge the battery cell, at a current specified by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; b) Adapt the battery cell to environment at 45 °C ± 2 °C; c) At 45 °C ± 2 °C, charge the battery cell at a constant current of a current specified by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the charge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; switch to constant voltage charging; stop charging when the charging current drops to 0.15I3; d) Adapt the battery cell to environment at 45 °C ± 2 °C; e) At 45 °C ± 2 °C, discharge the battery cell at a current specified by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; record the discharge capacity; f) According to steps b) ~ e), carry out the cycle test for 500 times continuously; g) Measure the discharge capacity and energy. 7.2 Battery pack or battery system 7.2.1 Appearance Under good light conditions, visually inspect the appearance of the battery pack or battery system. 7.2.2 Dimensions and mass Measure the dimensions and mass of the battery pack or battery system with measuring instruments and scales. 7.2.3 Standard charging At room temperature, high-energy batteries are discharged at a current of 1I3 and high- power batteries at a current of 1I1, to the discharge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer. Let it stand for 1 hour (or the standing time provided by the manufacturer). Carry out charging according to the charging method provided by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not provide a charging method, the testing agency and the manufacturer shall negotiate to determine a suitable charging method, or charge according to the following method: charge at a constant current of a current specified by the manufacturer and not less than 1I3, to the charge termination voltage specified by the manufacturer; let it stand for 1 hour (or the standing time provided by the manufacturer). ......

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