GB/T 40802-2021 PDF English
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GB/T 40802-2021: Carbon and low alloy cast steels for general applications---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT40802-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.140.80
CCS J 31
Carbon and low alloy cast steels for general applications
(ISO 14737:2015, MOD)
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Technical requirements ... 7
5 Test methods ... 12
6 Inspection rules ... 15
7 Identification, certificate of conformity, packaging and storage ... 17
Annex A (informative) Changes in the structure of this document compared to ISO
14737:2015 ... 19
Annex B (informative) Technical differences between this document and ISO
14737:2015 and their reasons ... 20
Annex C (informative) Welding instruction data ... 22
Annex D (informative) Comparison on cast steel designations between this document
and ISO 14737:2015 and UNS designations ... 23
Carbon and low alloy cast steels for general applications
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection
rules, identification, certificate, packaging, storage and transportation for carbon and
low alloy cast steels for general applications.
This document applies to carbon and low alloy cast steels for general applications
(hereinafter referred to as "the casting").
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 222, Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 223.5, Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The reduced
molybdosilicate spectrophotometric method for the determination of acid-soluble
silicon content (GB/T 223.5-2008, ISO 4829-1:1986, MOD)
GB/T 223.11, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of chromium content - Visual
titration or potentiometric titration method (GB/T 223.11-2008, ISO 4937:1986,
MOD)
GB/T 223.14, Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The N-benzoyl-
N-phenylhydroxylamine extraction photometric method for the determination of
vanadium content
GB/T 223.19, Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
neocuproine-chloroform extraction photometric method for the determination of
copper content
GB/T 223.23, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of nickel content - The
dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.25, Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
dimethylglyoxime gravimetric method for the determination of nickel content
GB/T 223.26, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of molybdenum content - The
thiocyanate spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.59, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of phosphorus content - Bismuth
phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometric method and antimony
phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.63, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of manganese content - Sodium
(potassium) periodate spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.68, Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The potassium
iodate titration method after combustion in the pipe furnace for the determination of
sulfur content
GB/T 223.69, Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of carbon contents - Gas-
volumetric method after combustion in the pipe furnace
GB/T 228.1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room
temperature (GB/T 228.1-2010, ISO 6892-1:2009, MOD)
GB/T 229, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test method (GB/T 229-
2020, ISO 148-1:2016, MOD)
GB/T 4336, Carbon and low-alloy steel - Determination of multi-element contents -
Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method)
GB/T 5677, Castings - Radiographic testing (GB/T 5677-2018, ISO 4993:205,
MOD)
GB/T 6414, Castings - Dimensional tolerances and geometrical tolerances and
machining allowances (GB/T 6414-2017, ISO 8062-3:2007, MOD)
GB/T 7233.1, Steel castings - Ultrasonic examination - Part 1: Steel castings for
general purposes (GB/T 7233.1-2009, ISO4992-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
GB/T 9443, Steel and iron castings - Liquid penetrant inspection (GB/T 9443-2019,
ISO 4987:2010, MOD)
GB/T 9444, Steel and iron castings - Magnetic particle inspection (GB/T 9444-2019,
ISO 4986:2010, MOD)
GB/T 11351, Mass tolerances of casting
GB/T 15056, Casting surface roughness - Appraising method
GB/T 16923, Casting surface roughness - Appraising method
GB/T 16924, Quenching and tempering of steel parts
is determined by the supplier. The heat treatment temperatures in Table 2 are for
reference only.
4.5 Surface quality
4.5.1 The surface roughness of the casting shall conform to the drawing or contract.
4.5.2 The casting shall be trimmed with flashes, burrs, and risers removed. There shall
be no surface casting defects that affect the quality of the product.
4.6 Internal quality
4.6.1 The type, scope and quantity of defects allowed in the casting shall conform to
the drawings and technical requirements of the purchaser or shall be agreed upon by
the supplier and the purchaser.
4.6.2 Non-destructive testing method can be used to detect the internal quality of the
casting.
4.7 Geometry, size
The geometry and size of the casting shall conform to the drawings or contract
specifications. Geometric tolerance and dimensional tolerance grade are selected
according to GB/T 6414.
4.8 Weight tolerance
The weight tolerance of the casting shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 11351.
4.9 Welding repair
4.9.1 Casting defects can be repaired by welding. Welding repair conditions are
determined by the supplier. If the purchaser has other provisions on the defect location,
size and welding repair times, it shall be negotiated between the supplier and the
purchaser.
4.9.2 Welders who repair the casting shall have corresponding qualifications. Before
welding repairs, the defective parts of the casting shall be cleaned up. The transitions
in edge areas are smooth. Welding repair shall choose suitable welding consumables.
Welding shall be carried out after welding procedure qualification. See Annex C for
preheating temperature and maximum interlayer temperature before welding.
4.9.3 This part shall be re-inspected after the casting is repaired by welding.
4.9.4 If the depth of the pit prepared for welding repair exceeds 40% of the wall
thickness or 25mm (whichever is the smaller), or the area exceeds 65cm2, it is regarded
as a major welding repair.
4.9.5 For major welding repairs, the location and extent of welding repairs shall be
recorded.
4.9.6 The casting with major welding repairs shall be subjected to post-weld heat
treatment. See Annex C for the post-weld heat treatment temperature.
4.10 Correction
The deformation of the casting can be eliminated by correcting. The casting is usually
corrected after heat treatment and at room temperature. Thermal correction can be used
in special cases. If necessary, the stress relief treatment can be carried out after
correction.
5 Test methods
5.1 Chemical composition analysis
5.1.1 Chemical composition analysis adopts conventional chemical analysis or
spectroscopic analysis.
5.1.2 Routine chemical analysis is carried out according to GB/T 223.5, GB/T 223.11,
GB/T 223.14, GB/T 223.19, GB/T 223.23, GB/T 223.25, GB/T 223.26, GB/T 223.59,
GB/ T 223.63, GB/T 223.68 and GB/T 223.69.
5.1.3 Spectral analysis method is carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 4336.
5.1.4 The casting is sampled for chemical composition analysis according to the melting
furnace.
5.1.5 The test block for melting analysis shall be prepared during the pouring process.
The analysis of the finished product adopts the additional casting or single casting test
block.
5.1.6 The sampling and preparation methods of the specimens for analysis shall be
carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 20066.
5.1.7 If a single casting is to be smelted with multiple ladles in one heat, chemical
composition analysis and records shall be carried out on samples from each ladle.
5.1.8 For castings smelted in multiple furnaces and multi-cladding, samples shall be
taken from the casting test block attached to the casting. The chemical composition
report is based on the value calculated by the weighted average analysis method.
5.2 Mechanical properties
5.2.1 The tensile test is carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 228.1.
5.2.2 The impact test is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 229.
provisions of GB/T 7233.1, so as to detect defects inside the casting.
5.4.4 X-ray or γ-ray inspection of the casting shall be carried out in accordance with the
provisions of GB/T 5677, so as to detect defects inside the casting.
5.4.5 The testing quantity, testing scope, defect degree and acceptance criteria of non-
destructive testing shall be negotiated by both the supplier and the purchaser.
5.5 Geometry and size
5.5.1 For the inspection of casting geometry and size, inspection tools, gauges,
templates or scribe lines with corresponding accuracy shall be selected.
5.5.2 The number of sampling inspections for casting geometry and dimensional
tolerances shall be agreed upon by both parties.
5.6 Heat treatment
The heat treatment of the casting shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions
of GB/T 16923 and GB/T 16924.
5.7 Rounding of test results
The rounding of the test results of mechanical properties and chemical composition
shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 8170.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection procedure
Unless otherwise specified, the inspection of the casting shall be implemented by the
supplier.
6.2 Inspection location
6.2.1 In addition to the agreement between the supplier and the purchaser that the
inspection can only be done on the purchaser’s, the final inspection shall generally be
carried out on the supplier’s.
6.2.2 If the supplier does not have the necessary inspection means, or the two parties
have disputes over the quality of the castings, the inspection can be carried out in a
third-party agency confirmed by both parties.
6.3 Batching rules
6.3.1 Divide by heat number: The castings that are poured from the same heat number
of molten steel and heat treated in the same heat shall be a batch.
6.3.2 Divide by quantity or weight: Under the condition of stable smelting process of
the same designation, cast in several heats and heat-treated for multiple heat numbers
in the same process, a certain number or a certain weight of castings are taken as a
batch. The specific requirements are negotiated by both parties.
6.3.3 Divide by piece: Take one piece as a batch.
6.4 Sampling
6.4.1 Tensile test: Take three specimens for each batch, one for delivery and two as
spare specimens.
6.4.2 Impact test: Take six specimens for each batch, three for delivery and as spare
specimens.
6.4.3 When the spare test block is insufficient, samples can be taken from the casting
body. Sampling locations and performance indicators are negotiated by both parties.
6.5 Reinspection
6.5.1 When the test results do not meet the requirements due to one of the following
reasons, the test is invalid. At this point, reinspection shall be carried out.
a) Improper installation of the specimen or abnormal function of the testing machine;
b) The tensile specimen is broken outside the gauge length;
c) Improper processing of the specimen;
d) The specimen is defective.
6.5.2 When the mechanical properties test results are unqualified, but not caused by the
reasons listed in 6.5.1, the supplier may reinspect. Take two spare tensile specimens to
repeat the tensile test. Take three spare impact specimens to repeat the impact test.
6.5.3 When the reinspection results of mechanical properties are still unqualified, the
corresponding batch of castings and test blocks can be re-heated. Without the consent
of the purchaser, the number of re-heat treatments shall not exceed two times (except
for tempering unless otherwise specified).
6.6 Determination rules
6.6.1 If the chemical composition analysis results are unqualified, re-sample for
reinspection. If there are still unqualified items in the reinspection, the determination of
the chemical composition of the batch shall be negotiated by both parties.
6.6.2 If one of the tensile specimens in the reinspection fails, the supplier may repeat
the heat treatment. If the test results are still unqualified after re-heat treatment, the
batch of castings is finally determined as unqualified.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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