GB/T 4000-2017_English: PDF (GB/T4000-2017)
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Determination of coke reactivity index (CRI) and coke strength after reaction (CSR)
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GB/T 4000-2008 | English | 140 |
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Coke -- Determination of reactivity and strength after reaction
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Standard ID | GB/T 4000-2017 (GB/T4000-2017) | Description (Translated English) | Determination of coke reactivity index (CRI) and coke strength after reaction (CSR) | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H32 | Classification of International Standard | 75.160.10 | Word Count Estimation | 19,180 | Date of Issue | 2017-10-14 | Date of Implementation | 2018-05-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 4000-2008 | Drafting Organization | Kailuan Group Tangshan Zhongrun Coal Chemical Co., Ltd., Anshan Kexiang Instruments Co., Ltd., Anshan Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shaoxing Shangyu Hongxing Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Ford Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Company, Anshan Hansheng Metallurgical Equipment Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Institute | Administrative Organization | National Coal Chemical Industry Standardization Technical Committee Coking Chemistry Technical Committee (SAC/TC 469/SC 3) | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement 2017 No. 26 | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | Issuing agency(ies) | People's Republic of China General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, China National Standardization Administration | Standard ID | GB/T 4000-2008 (GB/T4000-2008) | Description (Translated English) | Coke - Determination of reactivity and strength after reaction | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H32 | Classification of International Standard | 75.160.10 | Word Count Estimation | 13,153 | Date of Issue | 2008-08-19 | Date of Implementation | 2009-04-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 4000-1996 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 1997; GB/T 2006 | Drafting Organization | Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Company | Administrative Organization | National Steel Standardization Technical Committee | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Approval Announcement 2008 No.14 (Total No.127) | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | Summary | This standard specifies the principles of coke reactivity and strength after reaction assay test methods, test equipment, taken with the preparation of the sample, , equipment and material test procedures, calculation and precision of the results. This standard applies to the blast furnace and coke reactivity was measured using coke strength after reaction of. Coke may refer to other uses. | Standard ID | GB/T 4000-1996 (GB/T4000-1996) | Description (Translated English) | Coke--Determination of reactivity and strength after reaction | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | H32 | Classification of International Standard | 75.160.10 | Word Count Estimation | 10,121 | Date of Issue | 1996/4/5 | Date of Implementation | 1996/10/1 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 4000-1983 | Quoted Standard | GB 1997-1989; GB/T 2006-1994, | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards 2008 No. 14 (No. 127 overall) | Proposing organization | Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People Republic of China | Issuing agency(ies) | State Bureau of Technical Supervision |
GB/T 4000-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.160.10
H 32
Replacing GB/T 4000-2008
Determination of coke reactivity index (CRI)
and coke strength after reaction (CSR)
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 14, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON. MAY 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Principles ... 4
4 Test instrument, equipment and materials ... 4
5 Collection and preparation of specimen ... 10
6 Test steps ... 11
7 Calculation of results ... 12
8 Precision ... 13
Appendix A (Informative) Single-point temperature-measuring heating-furnace
... 14
Appendix B (Informative) Purification device of carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas
... 18
Appendix C (Informative) Rapid quantitative drying method for coke’s moisture
... 20
Appendix D (Normative) Test record ... 22
Appendix E (Informative) Calibration method of constant-temperature zone of
electric furnace ... 23
References ... 25
Determination of coke reactivity index (CRI)
and coke strength after reaction (CSR)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the principles of test method, test instruments,
equipment and materials, collection and preparation of specimen, test
procedures, calculation of results, precision for determination of coke reactivity
and coke strength after reaction.
This standard is applicable to the determination of the reactivity and strength
after reaction of coke which is used in blast furnace ironmaking. The coke for
other purposes may refer to this standard
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1997 Coke-sampling and preparation of specimens
YB/T 4494 Technical specifications for mechanical specimen preparation of
coke reactivity and coke strength after reaction
3 Principles
Weigh a certain amount of coke specimen. Place it in a reactor. After reacting
with carbon dioxide at 1100 °C for 2 h, use the percentage of the mass loss of
coke to represent the coke reactivity index (abbreviated as CRI).
After the post-reaction is subjected to the type-I drum test, use the percentage
of the mass of the coke which has a grain size greater than 10 mm to the mass
of the coke after reaction to represent the coke strength after reaction
(abbreviated as CSR).
4 Test instrument, equipment and materials
4.1 Electric furnace
4.6.2 Nitrogen’s mass-flow controller. the range is 5 L/min, the accuracy is not
less than ±1.5% F.S.
4.6.3 The air inlet of the equipment is equipped with the nitrogen pressure-
reducing valve.
Note. When the gas purity cannot meet the requirements, it may use the
instruments in Appendix B for purification and drying. The volume and flow rate
of the gas used in this standard are the volume and flow rate in the standard
state (0 °C and one barometric pressure).
4.7 Circular-hole sieve
φ10 mm, the effective diameter of the sieve frame is 200 mm.
φ23 mm, the effective diameter of the sieve frame is 300 mm.
φ23 mm and φ25 mm, sieve surface 400 mm x 500 mm, see GB/T 2006 for the
production of circular-hole sieve.
4.8 Drying box
A blast drying box which has a working chamber’s volume of not less than 0.07
m3.
4.9 Balance
The maximum weighing is not more than 1000 g, the sensitivity is 0.1 g.
4.10 Rhodium-platinum thermocouple
Type-S, not lower than industrial grade II, installed in a heat-resistant protective
tube, to measure and control the temperature of the specimen required for the
test conditions.
4.11 Standard specimen
A standard specimen of coke reactivity index and coke strength after reaction,
which is used to regularly test the stability of the equipment.
4.12 Three-stage heating-furnace method - Testing system of coke
reactivity index
The schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
coke which has large bubble and is in honeycomb status as well as the burner
coke which has blackhead and not completely gray.
5.2 Make the coke into approximately spherical particles of 23 mm ~ 25 mm.
The mechanical specimen preparation is carried out in accordance with the
requirements of YB/T 4494.
5.3 The specimen for the coke of the test coke oven may be directly prepared
by the coke which has a grain size greater than 40 mm.
5.4 Use a reducer to reduce the prepared specimen to 900 g, dry it at the
temperature of 170 °C ~ 180 °C for 2 h, place it in a drier to cool it to room
temperature, then use a sieve of φ23 mm and φ25 mm to remove the coke
powder which is adhered to the coke block. Use the quarter method to divide
the specimen into four sets, each set is not less than 220 g, contain them into
a sealed vessel to prepare for use. The coke’s moisture can be determined by
referring to Appendix C. If the coke’s moisture is less than 1%, it may not be
dried.
6 Test steps
6.1 Number of tests
Perform at least two tests. Record the quantity of coke particles per test, ensure
that the difference between the quantity of coke particles used in the
repeatability test and the reproducibility test is not more than one. If it cannot
guarantee meeting the requirements for the quantity of coke particles, indicate
it in the report and state the causes.
6.2 Preparation of specimen
Weigh (200 ± 2) g of specimen, accurate to 0.1 g, record the mass as m. The
final mass correction may be carried out by replacing a piece of lighter or
heavier coke.
6.3 Loading of specimen into reactor
Load the coke specimen in the reactor and flatten it, to ensure that the coke
layer in the reactor is in the middle of the constant-temperature zone of the
electric furnace. Insert the thermocouple into the casing and place it at the
center of the material layer. Fix the reactor. Connect the gas inlet of reactor to
the gas supply system, to check the gas path to ensure the air-tightness of the
system.
6.4 Temperature-rise
The electric furnace is heated up, at a heating rate of 8 °C/min ~ 16 °C/min.
m - The pre-reaction mass of coke, in grams (g);
m1 - The post-reaction mass of coke, in grams (g).
7.2 Coke strength after reaction
The coke strength after reaction (CSR) is calculated according to formula (2),
the value is expressed in %.
Where.
m2 - The mass of the coke whose grain size is greater than 10 mm after
drumming, the unit is gram (g).
The test results of coke reactivity index and coke strength after reaction take
the arithmetic mean of the parallel tests, retaining one decimal place.
8 Precision
The repeatability and reproducibility of coke reactivity index (CRI) and coke
strength after reaction (CSR) shall not exceed the values as specified in Table
1.
Repeatability is, using this method under the normal and correct operating
conditions, the maximum difference of the two independent test results at the
95% probability level of the two independent tests as made for the same
specimens (see 6.2) by the same operator using the same instrument in the
same lab in a short time period.
Reproducibility is, using this method under the normal and correct operating
conditions, the maximum difference of the two independent test results at the
95% probability level of the two independent tests as made for the same
specimens (see 6.2) by two operators in the same lab.
Table 1
Precision requirements Repeatability / % Reproducibility / %
Coke reactivity index (CRI) ≤ 2.4 ≤ 4.0
Coke strength after reaction (CSR) ≤ 3.2 ≤ 5.0
7 - Air inlet;
8 - Thermocouple.
Figure A.1 -- Schematic diagram of single-point temperature-measuring
heating-furnace structure
A.3 Temperature-control device
Control accuracy. (1100 ± 3) °C.
Accuracy grade. not less than 0.2% FS.
A.4 Thermocouple
Type-S type or other conditional thermocouple, not lower than industrial grade-
II, the thermocouple’s measuring end is located at the center of the coke layer.
Note. The height of the coke layer changes with the density of the coke. During
the test, adjust the position of the thermocouple’s measuring end according to
the height of the coke in the reactor.
A.5 Reactor (see Figure A.2)
Reactor’s material. GH3044.
Reactor’s wall-thickness. ≥ 1.5 mm.
Reactor’s inner diameter. φ80 mm ± 1 mm.
Reactor’s length. 500 mm.
A.6 Testing system of coke reactivity index of single-point temperature-
measuring heating-furnace
The schematic diagram of the process flow of the testing system of coke
reactivity index of the single-point temperature-measuring heating-furnace is as
shown in Figure A.3.
......
GB/T 4000-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.160.10
H 32
Replacing GB/T 4000-1996
Coke - Determination of reactivity and strength
after reaction
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 19, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON. APRIL 01, 2009
Issued by.
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Principles ... 4
4 Test instruments, apparatuses and materials ... 4
5 Sampling and sample preparation ... 12
6 Test procedures ... 12
7 Calculation of results ... 15
8 Degree of precision ... 15
Annex A ... 16
Annex B ... 18
Foreword
This Standard replaces GB/T 4000-1996 “Coke - Determination of Reactivity and Strength
after Reaction”.
Compared with GB/T 4000-1996, the main changes of this Standard are as follows.
— Preparation method of coke sample is revised as preparation method that jaw
crushing combines with hand finishing;
— Narrow the particle size control range of coke sample;
— Test apparatuses are improved to facilitate the maintenance.
Annex A and Annex B of this Standard are normative.
This Standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Steel Standardization Technical
Committee.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corp., China
Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute AND Shangyu HongXing
Machinery Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this Standard. Sun Wei, Xi Wanze, Zhu Mingsan and Zhang Jinying.
The historical versions replaced by this Standard are as follows.
— GB 4000-1983, GB/T 4000-1996.
Coke - Determination of Reactivity and Strength after Reaction
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the principles of coke determination of reactivity and strength after
reaction, test instruments, apparatuses and materials, sampling and sample preparation,
test procedures, calculation of results and degree of precision.
This Standard applies to the determination of reactivity of coke for blast furnace iron
making and strength after reaction; coke for other purposes may refer to this Standard for
implementation.
2 Normative references
The articles contained in the following documents have become part of this document
when they are quoted herein. For the dated documents so quoted, all subsequent
modifications (including all corrections) or revisions made thereafter do not apply to this
Standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement according to this Standard are
encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents may be used. For
the undated documents so quoted, the latest versions (including all modification sheets)
apply to this document.
GB/T 1997 Coke - Sampling and preparation of samples
GB/T 2006 Coke for metallurgy - Determination of mechanical strength
3 Principles
Weigh a certain mass of coke sample and place into a reactor; use the percentage of coke
mass loss to express the coke reactivity (CRI), after 2 h of reaction with carbon dioxide at
1100°C±5°C.
After reaction, and after the revolving drum test of type I, use the mass fraction OF coke,
that is greater than 10 mm size, OVER the coke after reaction TO express the coke
strength after reaction (CSR).
4 Test instruments, apparatuses and materials
4.1 Electric furnace
Electric furnace heating wire, silicon carbide and other heating elements that can meet
may be adopted.
4.6 Φ precision temperature control device
Temperature control range is 0 °C~1 600 °C, precision grade is 0.5.
4.7 Round-hole screen
One for Φ10 mm, effective diameter of screen frame is 200 mm.
One for Φ23 mm, effective diameter of screen frame is 300 mm.
One for Φ25 mm and one for Φ3 mm, screen surface is 400 mm×500 mm, made
according to the provisions on round-hole screen in GB/T 2006.
4.8 Drying oven
Workshop capacity is not less than 0.07 m3.
Maximum operating temperature. 300 °C.
4.9 Balance
Maximum capacity is 500 g, sensitivity is 0.5 g.
4.10 Rhodium-platinum thermocouple
Diameter is 0.5 mm, length is 650 mm.
High-alumina thermocouple protection pipe A (Φ7 mmX5 mmX400 mm)
High-alumina dual-hole insulation pipe D (Φ4 mmX1 mmX400 mm)
High-alumina single-hole insulation pipe C (Φ1 mmX0.6 mmX10 mm)
4.11 Board
It is of high temperature resistance alloy steel (GH23 or GH44), thickness of 2 mm~5 mm
and diameter of 79 mm. Drill holes evenly with a uniform diameter of 3 mm and hole
interval is 5 mm.
4.12 High-alumina ball
Diameter is 20 mm.
4.13 Bracket
Bracket is shown in Figure 8, made of material Q235A. Material of three branch pipes is of
1Gr18Ni9Ti.
top of furnace; place into electric furnace; place asbestos board between bracket and
electric furnace lid for thermal insulation. Fill the surrounding of reactor flange with thermal
insulation material to reduce heat dissipation.
6.2.2 When using corundum reactor, load about one half of 200 g±0.5 g of prepared coke
samples; then insert into thermocouple sleeve; load another half of coke; make
thermocouple sleeve to pass the center hole in reactor lid; apply reactor lid. The
surrounding is filled with insulation materials to reduce heat dissipation.
6.3 Insert temperature thermocouple into reactor thermocouple sleeve (protected by
thermocouple high-alumina dual-hole insulation pipe and high-alumina thermocouple
protection pipe).
6.4 Respectively connect reactor intake pipe and vent pipe with gas supply system and
vent pipe. Check gas circuit to ensure tightness.
6.5 Switch on and adjust electric furnace for heating through precision temperature control
device. Rate of temperature increase is 8 °C/min~16 °C/min. When temperature at the
center of bed of material is up to 400 °C, feed nitrogen at a flow rate of 0.8 L/min to protect
coke and prevent burning.
6.6 When temperature at the center of bed of material reaches 1050 °C, switch on power
plug of carbon dioxide pressure reducing valve with preheating device; preheat the exit of
carbon dioxide gas cylinder to ensure stable outflow of carbon dioxide. When temperature
at the center of bend of material reaches 1100°C, stabilize for 10 min; cut off nitrogen and
replace with carbon dioxide at a flow of 5 L/min; record reaction start time. Temperature of
bend of material shall recover to 1100 °C±5°C within 5 min ~ 10 min after carbon dioxide
feeding starts.
6.7 Stop heating after reaction for 2 h. Cut off gas line of carbon dioxide and replace with
nitrogen; the flow is controlled at 2 L/min.
6.8 Sample cooling
6.8.1 When using high temperature resistance alloy steel reactor, unplug vent pipe and lift
reactor out of electric furnace; place on bracket and continue nitrogen feeding for cooling.
6.8.2 When using corundum reactor, reactor is still placed in furnace; naturally cool to
room temperature.
6.9 Stop nitrogen feeding when coke in reactor cools to 100 °C below. Open upper lid of
reactor and pour out the coke to weigh and record.
6.10 Place all coke after reaction into drum of type I; achieve total revolving of 30 min at a
revolving speed of 20 r/min. Total number of revolutions is 600 r. Take out and apply Φ10
mm round-hole screen; weigh oversize products and record.
6.11 Original data of test are recorded based on the format of – Record form of coke
determination of reactivity and strength after reaction, as shown in Annex B.
7 Calculation of results
7.1 Coke reactivity
Coke reactivity index is expressed by the percentage of lost coke mass over total sample
mass before reaction. Coke reactivity (CRI) is calculated according to Formula (1),
expressed by %.
Where,
m — Mass of coke sample, in grams (g);
m1 — Residual coke mass after reaction, in grams (g).
7.2 Strength after reaction
Strength index after reaction is expressed by the mass percentage of coke with a
size-level greater than 10 mm after drum revolving OVER the residual coke after reaction.
Strength after reaction (CSR) is calculated according to Formula (2), expressed by %.
Where,
m2 — Mass of coke with a size-level greater than 10 mm after drum revolving, in grams
(g);
m1 — Mass of residual coke after reaction, in grams (g).
7.3 Take the arithmetic mean of parallel results as the test result of coke reactivity and
strength after reaction.
8 Degree of precision
Repeatability r of coke reactivity (CRI) and strength after reaction (CSR) must not exceed
following values.
CRI. r ≤ 2.4%,
CSR. r ≤ 3.2%.
1 — Carbon dioxide steel cylinder 9 — Reactor;
2, 4 — Flowmeter; 10 — Electric furnace;
3 — Nitrogen steel cylinder; 11 — Sample;
5 — Tee piston; 12 — Buffer bottle;
6 — Precision temperature control device; 13 — Concentrated sulfur...
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