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Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 3: Determination of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens
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| GB/T 3917.3-2009 | English | 70 |
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Textiles -- Tear properties of fabrics -- Part 3: Determination of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens
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| GB/T 3917.3-1997 | English | 319 |
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GB/T 3917.3-2025: PDF in English (GBT 3917.3-2025) GB/T 3917.3-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
CCS W 04
Replacing GB/T 3917.3-2009
Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 3.Determination
of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens
(ISO 9073-4.2021, Nonwovens - Test methods - Part 4.Determination of tear
resistance by the trapezoid procedure, MOD)
ISSUED ON. FEBRUARY 28, 2025
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 1, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Principle... 9
5 Apparatus and materials... 9
6 Sampling... 10
7 Sample preparation and conditioning... 10
8 Steps... 11
9 Calculation and result expression... 13
10 Test report... 14
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents.
This document is Part 3 of GB/T 3917 Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics. The
following parts of GB/T 3917 have been published.
-- Part 1.Determination of tear force using ballistic pendulum method (Elmendorf);
-- Part 2.Determination of tear force of trouser-shaped test specimens (Single tear
method);
-- Part 3.Determination of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens;
-- Part 4.Determination of tear force of tongue-shaped test specimens (Double tear
test);
-- Part 5.Determination of tear force of wing-shaped test specimens (Single tear
method).
This document replaces GB/T 3917.3-2009 Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part
3.Determination of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens. Compared with
GB/T 3917.3-2009, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main
technical changes are as follows.
-- The scope of application of the standard is modified (see Chapter 1; see Chapter
1 of the 2009 edition);
-- The term "constant rate of traverse testing machine" is added, and the term
"length of tear" is deleted (see 3.2; see 3.5 of the 2009 edition);
-- The test principle for nonwoven fabrics is added, and the description of the test
principle for woven fabrics is improved (see Chapter 4);
-- The features that the testing machine and clamp shall have are added (see 5.1
and 5.2);
-- The apparatus and consumables required for testing wet test specimens are added
(see 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, and 5.7);
-- The sample preparation for wet test is added (see 7.3 and 7.4);
Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 3.Determination
of tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens
1 Scope
This document describes the determination of the tear force of fabrics by using the
trapezoid-shaped test specimen method.
This document applies to woven fabrics (except woven elastic fabrics) and nonwovens.
2 Normative references
The provisions of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this
document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced
documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to
this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including
all amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (GB/T
6529-2008, ISO 139.2005, MOD)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
(GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696.1987, MOD)
GB/T 16825.1-2022 Metallic materials - Calibration and verification of static
uniaxial testing machines – Part 1.Tension/compression testing machines -
Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1.2018, IDT)
GB/T 19022 Measurement management systems - Requirements for measurement
processes and measuring equipment (GB/T 19022-2003, ISO 10012.2003, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
The URLs for terminology databases used for standardization, maintained by ISO and
IEC, are as follows.
3.1 constant rate of extension testing machine; CRE testing machine
An extension testing machine, one of whose clamps holding the test specimen is fixed
and the other moves at a constant speed during the entire test process.
3.2 constant rate of traverse testing machine; CRT testing machine
A testing machine, one of whose clamps pulls and moves at a constant speed, and the
other that drives the heavy hammer mechanism applies load.
NOTE. The rate of increase of load or elongation of the test specimen during the test depends on the
elongation characteristics of the test specimen.
3.3 gauge length
The distance between the two effective clamping lines on the test device for clamping
the test specimen.
NOTE. The effective clamping point (line) of the clamp is generally checked by the following method.
clamp a piece of white paper with carbon paper attached to it to produce clamping lines on the paper.
3.4 tear force
The force required to extend a test specimen from the initial notch under specified
conditions.
NOTE 1.For woven fabrics, the force by which the warp yarn is torn is called the "warp tear force", and
the force by which the weft yarn is torn is called the "weft tear force".
NOTE 2.For nonwoven fabrics, the force required to tear in the transverse direction is called "transverse
tear strength", and the force required to tear in the longitudinal direction is called "longitudinal tear
strength".
3.5 peak
On the strength-elongation curve, the force value corresponds to the point where the
slope changes from positive to negative.
NOTE. The rising value and falling force values at both ends of the peak used for calculation shall be at
least 10% of the falling value of the previous peak or the rising value of the next peak.
3.6 trapezoid-shaped test specimen
A rectangular fabric specimen for the tear test.
NOTE. The test specimen is marked with two specimen-clamping marking lines of specified size to
form an isosceles trapezoid. A notch of specified size is cut in the center of the short side of the trapezoid.
4 Principle
A trapezoid is drawn on the test specimen and a specified notch is cut in the center of
the short side of the trapezoid. The clamps of the constant rate of extension testing
machine (CRE) are used to clamp the two non-parallel sides of the trapezoid. A
continuously increasing force is applied to the test specimen to make the tear propagate
along the width direction of the test specimen. The force of continuous tearing over the
specified distance is recorded. For woven fabrics, the arithmetic mean of the effective
peak average values of all test specimens in one direction is the test result. For
nonwoven fabrics, the arithmetic mean of the maximum force values of all test
specimens in one direction is the test result, and the unit is Newton (N).
5 Apparatus and materials
5.1 The metrological confirmation system of the constant rate of extension (CRE)
testing machine shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 19022.The constant rate of
extension (CRE) testing machine has the following characteristics.
a) It is capable of operating at a constant tensile rate of (100±10) mm/min.
b) The gauge length can be set to 25 mm with an accuracy of ±1 mm.
c) The tear force can be recorded by an automatic recorder.
d) The accuracy shall comply with the requirements of Grade 1 of GB/T 16825.1-
2022.At any point within the full range of the instrument, the error of the
indicated or recorded maximum tear force shall not exceed ±1%, and the error
of the indicated or recorded clamp spacing shall not exceed ±1 mm.
e) If the force and extension records are obtained through a data acquisition board
and software, the data acquisition frequency shall be at least 8 times/second.
If the test instrument used meets the Level 2 requirements of GB/T 16825.1-2022, this
shall be noted in the report.
NOTE. When agreed between the parties concerned, a constant rate of traverse testing machine (3.2)
may also be used. The results of tests using a CRT (constant rate of traverse) machine and a CRE (constant
rate of extension) machine are not comparable.
5.2 The force calibration point of the sensor and the center point of the two clamps of
the instrument are on the tension axis. The jaw line of the clamp is perpendicular to the
tension line and is in the same plane as the clamping surface. The clamp surface shall
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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