GB/T 39016-2020 PDF English
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GB/T 39016-2020: Custom furniture - General design specification---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT39016-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.140
Y 80
Custom Furniture - General Design Specification
ISSUED ON: JULY 21, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 1, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 General Design Requirements ... 6
4.1 Design Principle ... 6
4.2 Design Input Elements ... 7
4.3 Design Drawing ... 8
4.4 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials ... 9
4.5 Product Dimension Design ... 10
4.6 Product Structure Design ... 11
4.7 Location Design of Furniture Appliances ... 13
4.8 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of Furniture ... 13
4.9 Design Output Elements ... 13
5 Confirmation Method ... 14
5.1 Design Elements ... 14
5.2 Design Drawings ... 15
5.3 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials ... 15
5.4 Product Dimension Design ... 15
5.5 Product Structure Design ... 15
5.6 Location Design of Furniture Appliances ... 17
5.7 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of Furniture ... 17
Custom Furniture - General Design Specification
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, and general design requirements of custom
furniture.
This Standard is applicable to the design of various types of custom furniture.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of
references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this
document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the
modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 3326 Furniture - Main Sizes of Tables, Chairs and Stools
GB/T 3327 Furniture - Main Sizes of Storage Units
GB/T 3328 Furniture - Main Sizes of Beds
GB/T 4897-2015 Particleboard
GB/T 5703 Basic Human Body Measurements for Technological Design
GB/T 5849 Blockboards and Battenboards
GB/T 9846 Plywood for General Use
GB/T 11718-2009 Medium Density Fiberboard
GB/T 15102 Surface Decorated Fiberboard and Particleboard with Paper Impregnated
Thermosetting Resins
GB/T 15104 Decorative Veneered Wood-based Panel
GB/T 16799 Furniture Leather
GB/T 18229 Rule of CAD Engineering Drawing
GB 18401 National General Safety Technical Code for Textile Products
GB 18580 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Formaldehyde Emission of
Wood-based Panels and Finishing Products
GB 18581 Limit of Harmful Substances of Woodware Coatings
GB 18583 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Harmful Substances of
Adhesives
GB/T 23994 Limit of Certain Harmful Elements of Coatings for Consumer Products Contacting
with Human Body
GB 24410 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Harmful Substances of
Water Based Woodenware Coatings
GB 28007-2011 General Technical Requirements for Children’s Furniture
GB/T 28202 Furniture Industry Terminology
GB/T 34722 Surface Decorated Plywood and Blockboard with Paper Impregnated
Thermosetting Resins
LY/T 1983 Surface Decorated Wood-based Panels with Aluminum Foil and Copper Foil
QB/T 1338 Rule of Furniture Drawings
QB/T 1952.1 Upholstered Furniture - Sofa
QB/T 1952.2 Upholstered Furniture - Spring Mattress
QB/T 4453-2013 Wooden Furniture - Geometrical Tolerancing
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 5703 and GB/T 28202, and the following terms and definitions are
applicable to this document.
3.1 custom furniture
Custom furniture refers to furniture that is measured, designed, manufactured, installed and
serviced in accordance with the individual demands of customers.
Example: custom wardrobes, custom kitchen cabinets, custom bookcases, custom tables, custom
sofas and custom mattresses, etc.
3.2 functional dimension
Functional dimension refers to the dimension that complies with the optimum functions, such
as: storage, supporting, relying, sitting and lying when the furniture is in use.
Example: sitting height, sitting depth, inner width of armrest, height of armrest, width in front of
seat, depth of clothes hanging, height of table, clearance width in the middle, net height
particularity of the work of each department and the requirements for the space used by
furniture (including evacuation in case of emergency).
---Aspects that do not comply with the individual demands of customers shall be discussed
with the customers and signed for confirmation.
---For a certain aspect of individual demands emphasized by the customer that may cause
poor product use and function, the customer shall be reminded and sign for
confirmation.
---In combination of the customer’s expected use of the current custom product, the impact
of the external dimensions on the strength and stability of the furniture shall be
thoroughly considered, so as to prevent collapse and tipping.
---Whole-house customization shall be based on the nature of the place of use, space size
and personnel, consider factors such as human activity space, psychological space and
fire evacuation passages (only in public places) when the furniture is in use, and
comprehensive determine the external dimensions of various furniture in the room.
NOTE 1: the nature of the place of use can be divided into public places and private places, etc.
---During the design of functional dimension, it shall comply with the user’s height, age,
daily use time and use mode, and take convenient operation and long-term use without
fatigue as the premise and the compliance with the basic requirements of ergonomics
to the greatest extent as the principle. When there is no corresponding dimension for
the special user in the standard functional dimension of the corresponding furniture
product, it is advisable to determine the functional dimension by increasing or
decreasing the dimensional difference on the basis of functional dimension in the table.
NOTE 2: the use mode refers to use while standing or use while sitting.
NOTE 3: the special user refers to the one with special height, excessive body width and prefers to
stand and write.
---During the design of physical and chemical property, it shall be based on the customer’s
expected use of the current custom product, including frequency of use, bearing mass,
temperature, whether there is a dynamic load and whether there is a relatively large
alternating temperature, and select the strength parameters in accordance with the
corresponding product standards.
4.2 Design Input Elements
Before design, the express and implicit basic demands of customers shall be collected and
recorded in detail. The main input elements are as follows:
---User information;
Example: number, gender, age, height and department, etc.
4.3.2.3 The design drawings should be designed in accordance with a unified template. The
project name, drawing No., project leader, designer’s name, design time, customer name and
customer confirmation signature shall be indicated on the drawings. Any modifications to the
drawings shall be respectively archived to the number of the modification time.
4.3.2.4 The floor plan shall indicate the size of each partition wall, the size between columns,
the total plane size, the overall dimensions and passage size of furniture, the wire and cable
outlet point, ground plug, wall plug wiring location and size. The height positions of all
dimension lines in the same direction are required to be neat and consistent, and the text size of
all dimension lines shall be consistent.
4.4 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials
4.4.1 The moisture content (W) of the wood used shall comply with: 8% W annual average
moisture content of wood in the area where the product is located + 1%.
4.4.2 The through-crack wood, moth-eaten wood and decayed wood shall not be used.
4.4.3 The wood-based panels used shall comply with the following stipulations:
a) The blockboards and battenboards shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 5849;
b) The surface decorated plywood and blockboard with paper impregnated
thermosetting resins shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 34722;
c) The surface decorated fiberboard and particleboard with paper impregnated
thermosetting resins shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 15102;
d) The decorative veneered wood-based panel shall comply with the stipulations of
GB/T 15104;
e) The surface decorated wood-based panels with aluminum foil and copper foil shall
comply with the stipulations of LY/T 1983;
f) The plywood shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 9846;
g) The medium density fiberboard shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 11718-
2009;
h) The particleboard shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 4897;
i) The water-absorbing thickness expansion rate and moisture-proof performance of
medium density fiberboard used for floor-standing base cabinets that are often in
contact with water, such as: kitchens and bathrooms, shall comply with the
stipulations of Table 9 in GB/T 11718-2009;
j) The 24-h water-absorbing thickness expansion rate and moisture-proof performance
of particleboard used for floor-standing cabinets that are often in contact with water,
such as: kitchens and bathrooms, shall comply with the stipulations of Table 12 in
GB/T 4897-2015.
4.4.4 The formaldehyde emission of the wood-based panel used shall be tested in accordance
with the 1 m3 climate chamber method in GB 18580, and shall not be greater than 0.10 mg/m3.
4.4.5 The oxygen index of the kitchen furniture countertop material shall not be less than 35.
4.4.6 The volatile harmful substances in solvent-based woodenware coatings shall comply with
the stipulations of GB 18581; the volatile harmful substances in water-based woodenware
coatings shall comply with the stipulations of GB 24410; the transferable harmful elements
shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 23994.
4.4.7 The harmful substances in the adhesive used shall comply with the stipulations of GB
18583.
4.4.8 The textiles used shall comply with the stipulations of GB 18401.
4.4.9 The leather used shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 16799.
4.4.10 For hardware fittings, such as: door hinges, drawer slides, casters and connectors, etc.,
standardized and serialized products shall be prioritized in selection. Their strength, durability
and anti-corrosion performance shall thoroughly consider the customer’s service environment
(such as: high temperature and high humidity, frequent opening and closing, etc.) and service
life requirements.
4.5 Product Dimension Design
4.5.1 Dimension design of furniture standardization modules
Furniture standardization modules shall be designed in accordance with the principle of
resource conservation and the optimal sawing mode of panels.
4.5.2 Functional dimension design
During design, the functional dimensions of furniture cabinets, tables, chairs, beds, sofas and
mattresses shall preferably use the dimensions specified in GB/T 3326, GB/T 3327, GB/T 3328,
QB/T 1952.1 and QB/T 1952.2.
4.5.3 Special dimensions
For the special functional dimensions and external dimensions required by the customer, the
strength and stability of the expected use state of the furniture shall be evaluated. If there are
potential safety hazards in the evaluation results, the customer shall be advised to modify the
dimensions or increase the corresponding safety design of the product. In addition, it shall be
determined with the customer through negotiation and expressly stated in the contract.
4.5.4 Deviation of external dimensions
d) Overhead doors and flaps, flaps or lids that can be vertically opened and with a mass
greater than 0.25 kg shall be provided with a supporting mechanism. The supporting
mechanism may include self-locking strut or damping strut. It shall be possible to
ensure that the flaps or lids do not suddenly drop without adjustment by the user, that
is, at any position where the arc stroke from the fully closed position is greater than
50 mm, but the arc angle from the fully closed position is not greater than 60, under
the action of the own mass of the flaps or lids, the falling stroke shall not exceed 12
mm. The installation position of the supporting mechanism shall be expressly
indicated in the design.
e) Folding mechanism. When the design product has a folding mechanism or bracket, a
safety stopping or locking device shall be designed to prevent accidental movement
or folding. When tested in accordance with the stipulations of 7.5.4 in GB 28007-
2011, the product shall not be folded.
f) Holes and gaps. The holes and gaps in the product shall satisfy the following
requirements:
---The clearance gap between adjacent blocking components (including fillets and
filling fences) in the same direction of the bunk bend safety fence shall be not
greater than 75 mm and not less than 60 mm;
---All gaps between the bunk bed surface and its sides and ends shall be less than or
equal to 25 mm;
---On other rigid materials, for holes and gaps with a depth greater than 10 mm, the
diameter or gap shall be less than 6 mm or greater than or equal to 12 mm;
---The gap between the movable parts that are accessible to other products shall be
less than 5 mm, or greater than or equal to 12 mm.
g) Anti-slip device: push-pull components, such as: drawers, keyboards and pull-out
baskets shall be designed with anti-slip devices.
h) For vertically sliding panels or doors, rolling doors, etc., at any position 50 mm higher
than the closing point, damping devices shall be provided.
i) For furniture that needs to be moved, the casters shall be designed with locking
devices (including self-locking devices during use), and at least 2 casters on the same
side can be locked.
j) Anti-tipping device: for furniture cabinet furniture with a height of over 600 mm, a
device shall be designed to connect with the wall or other fixtures. The connecting
device can respectively bear the horizontal force of 350 N and the vertical force of
200 N, and shall not be pulled up or damaged.
4.7 Location Design of Furniture Appliances
The location of electrical appliances on the furniture shall thoroughly consider the demand for
heat dissipation, and ensure it from the structure of the furniture. During use, the power switch
and the socket may encounter water, then, a waterproof device shall be designed. For sockets
whose bottom edge is 1,200 mm or less from the ground, protective devices shall be designed.
4.8 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of
Furniture
4.8.1 The wires in the product shall be separately arranged for strong and weak currents, and
the wires shall have fixation measures.
4.8.2 The connection between the wire and the socket shall be insulated, and the wire cover can
only be removed with the assistance of tools.
4.8.3 The product shall be equipped with a power socket and switch that can satisfy the demands
of use. When the bottom edge of the power socket is 1,200 mm or less from the ground, a
product with a protective device shall be selected.
4.8.4 When the power socket is less than 400 mm from the floor cabinet table, no sink cabinet
shall be installed under it. Power sockets that may be splashed with water shall use splash-proof
sockets with a protection level not lower than IP54.
4.8.5 The power distribution circuits of lighting switches and power sockets shall be provided
with leakage protection. The high-temperature parts of electrical appliances, such as: switches,
sockets and lighting fixtures, should adopt heat insulation and heat dissipation measures.
4.8.6 The water circuit, air circuit and electric circuit in the furniture shall be separated and
convenient for maintenance.
4.9 Design Output Elements
4.9.1 Composition
The design output elements are composed of basic business information, basic production
information, confirmation and important alteration information.
4.9.2 Basic business information
Manufacturing enterprise’s email address, zip code, address and phone number, etc.
4.9.3 Basic production information
Basic production information of the product: order No. and production date, etc.
4.9.4 Confirmation and important alteration information
4.9.4.1 Composition
5.2 Design Drawings
The product design department checks whether the geometric feature symbols used in the
design drawings comply with the stipulations of Table 1, and checks whether the units of
measurement, symbols, line types, views, labeling modes and simplified drawings used in the
design drawings comply with the stipulations of 4.3.2. Check whether the design and drawing
of the design drawings, and the dimension markings on the plan comply with the stipulations
of 4.3.2.
5.3 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials
When the raw material procurement department of the product purchases the raw and auxiliary
materials, random sampling inspection can be conducted to ensure that the relevant quality and
safety indicators comply with the stipulations of this Standard; the product quality inspection
report of the same model and specification provided by the supply-side within one year can also
be checked.
5.4 Product Dimension Design
The design department of the enterprise shall firstly inspect the conformity of the individual
dimensional requirements, then, in accordance with the principle of standardized module design
and functional satisfaction of the product, check the design scheme.
The enterprise may spot-check the pre-installed products during the exit-factory inspection and
measure the deviation of overall dimensions. Alternatively, it may also carry out relevant
installation adjustments when products are formally installed, so as to ensure that the
dimensional deviations satisfy the requirements of this Standard.
5.5 Product Structure Design
5.5.1 Validation by product design department
For the design of the product structure, the design department shall conduct the following
validation inspection:
---Check whether the parts in the design drawings are marked with the rounding,
chamfering and chamfering treatment in accordance with the stipulations of this
Standard;
---Check whether the back panels and bottom panels of the product are missing parts;
---Check whether there are dangerous protrusions in the product structure;
---Check whether the overhead doors and flaps are marked with the installation of a buffer
device, and whether the folding mechanism has a locking device;
---Check whether there is a confined space that exceeds the standard, and if there is,
whether the measures or structures to prevent confinement specified in this Standard
are designed;
---Whether the cabinet frame products higher than 600 mm are designed with connectors
and related reserved holes to connect with fixed objects (for example, walls);
---Check whether the push-pull components, such as: drawers and pull-out baskets, are
designed with an anti-falling device, and whether the vertically sliding parts are
designed with a damping device;
---Check whether the casters are designed with a locking device;
---For the design of bunk beds, check whether there is a permanent scale line designed to
limit the thickness of the mattress on the breast board, and the height from the scale
line to the top of the breast board, and the height of the breast board on the upper berth;
check whether the marks of gaps and holes comply with the stipulations of this Standard.
5.5.2 Validation by product installation department
After the product installation is completed, the installation personnel shall conduct the
following validation inspection:
---Whether the product can be normally used, and whether the moving parts can be flexibly
activated;
---Whether the cabinet furniture, such as: wardrobes, bedside tables and kitchen cabinets
against the wall have back panels and bottom panels;
---Whether there are sharp edges and angles, dangerous points and protrusions;
---Check the closing force of the confined space (if any), or the condition of the ventilation
hole;
---Check whether the push-pull components, such as: drawers and pull-out baskets, are
installed with an anti-falling device, and whether the vertically opening and closing
parts are installed with a damping device;
---Check whether the folding mechanism has self-folding phenomenon;
---Check whether the locking function of the casters is intact;
---Whether the connectors to prevent the tipping of cabinet frames are firmly installed;
---Check whether all holes, openings and gaps comply with the requirements;
---Check whether the permanent scale line limiting the thickness of the mattress on the
bunk bed is installed (if the design stipulates that it is stapled on the site).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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