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GB/T 36548-2024 English PDF (GB/T 36548-2018)

GB/T 36548-2024_English: PDF (GB/T36548-2024)
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GB/T 36548-2024English515 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Test code for electrochemical energy storage station connected to power grid Valid GB/T 36548-2024
GB/T 36548-2018English260 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Test specification for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid Obsolete GB/T 36548-2018


BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 36548-2024 (GB/T36548-2024)
Description (Translated English) Test code for electrochemical energy storage station connected to power grid
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard F19
Classification of International Standard 27.180
Word Count Estimation 30,317
Date of Issue 2024-06-29
Date of Implementation 2025-01-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) GB/T 36548-2018
Drafting Organization China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd., Huawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Huayun Clean Energy Co., Ltd., Yunnan Electric Power Test Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization National Technical Committee for Standardization of Power Storage (SAC/TC 550)
Proposing organization China Electricity Council
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration

BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 36548-2018 (GB/T36548-2018)
Description (Translated English) Test specification for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard F19
Classification of International Standard 27.180
Word Count Estimation 18,126
Date of Issue 2018-07-13
Date of Implementation 2019-02-01
Drafting Organization China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Weibei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Electric Power Science Research Institute, State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization National Electric Energy Storage Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 550)
Proposing organization China Electricity Council
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration of Markets and China National Standardization Administration


GB/T 36548-2024 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 CCS F 19 Replacing GB/T 36548-2018 Test Code for Electrochemical Energy Storage Station Connected to Power Grid ISSUED ON: JUNE 29, 2024 IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2025 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 6 2 Normative References ... 6 3 Terms and Definitions ... 7 4 Overall Requirements ... 7 5 Test Conditions ... 8 6 Test Instruments and Equipment ... 8 7 Power Control ... 10 8 Charge and Discharge Time ... 15 9 Rated Energy ... 16 10 Rated Energy Efficiency ... 19 11 Power Quality ... 21 12 Primary Frequency Modulation ... 22 13 Inertia Response ... 23 14 Operation Adaptability ... 24 15 Fault Ride-through ... 29 16 Overload Capability ... 37 17 Automatic Generation Control (AGC) ... 38 18 Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) ... 39 19 Emergency Power Support ... 40 Appendix A (normative) Technical Information Collected before Energy Storage Station is Connected to the Power Grid for Testing ... 41 Appendix B (informative) Wiring of Energy Storage Station and Energy Storage System Connected to the Power Grid for Testing ... 42 Appendix C (informative) Test Report Format ... 44 Appendix D (normative) Calculation Method for Active Power Control Response Time, Regulation Time and Control Deviation Parameters ... 45 Test Code for Electrochemical Energy Storage Station Connected to Power Grid 1 Scope This document describes the test methods for power control, charge and discharge time, rated energy, rated energy efficiency, power quality, primary frequency modulation, inertia response, operation adaptability, fault ride-through, overload capability, automatic generation control (AGC), automatic voltage control (AVC) and emergency power support, etc. of electrochemical energy storage station (hereinafter referred to as “energy storage station”) connected to power grid, as well as the requirements for the test conditions, and test instruments and equipment, etc. This document is applicable to the commissioning, grid connection detection, operation and maintenance of newly constructed, renovated and expanded electrochemical energy storage stations connected to the power grid through voltage levels of 10 (6) kV and above. The energy storage stations connected to the power grid through other voltage levels may take this as a reference in implementation. 2 Normative References The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 12325 Power Quality - Deviation of Supply Voltage GB/T 12326 Power Quality - Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker GB/T 14549 Quality of Electric Energy Supply - Harmonics in Public Supply Network GB/T 15543 Power Quality - Three-phase Voltage Unbalance GB/T 15945 Power Quality - Frequency Deviation for Power System GB/T 20840 (all parts) Instrument Transformers GB/T 24337 Power Quality - Interharmonics in Public Supply Network GB/T 36547 Technical Rule for Electrochemical Energy Storage System Connected to Power Grid GB/T 42288 Safety Code of Electrochemical Energy Storage Station GB/T 43526 Technical Requirements for Connecting User-side Electrochemical Energy Storage System to Distribution Network DL/T 2528 Basic Terminology of Electrical Energy Storage 3 Terms and Definitions The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 36547 and DL/T 2528 are applicable to this document. 4 Overall Requirements 4.1 The test results of the energy storage station connected to the power grid shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 36547 and GB/T 43526. 4.2 Before the energy storage station is connected to the power grid for testing, the technical information of the energy storage station shall be collected; a test scheme shall be prepared and submitted to the power grid dispatching institution for approval within 30 days before the test, then, it can be implemented. The technical information collected before the energy storage station is connected to the power grid for testing shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A. 4.3 Before the energy storage station is connected to the power grid for testing, an emergency plan shall be prepared, and safety measures shall be formulated. The safety of the test work shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 42288, and temporary fire-fighting facilities and emergency supplies shall be equipped. 4.4 The testing personnel of the energy storage station shall have necessary electrical knowledge and professional skills, be familiar with the working principles and structures, test schemes and safe work procedures of energy storage equipment and electrical equipment, and be able to correctly use tools, instruments and safety protection equipment. 4.5 The instruments and equipment used for the test of energy storage station connected to the power grid shall be verified or calibrated and be within the validity period. The shell of the test instruments and equipment shall be reliably grounded, and the power supply should be an uninterruptible power supply. 4.6 The energy storage station shall complete the grid connection test within 3 months of grid- connected operation. 4.7 Before testing the energy storage station, the specification parameters, electrical wiring, working parameters and protection settings, etc. of the energy storage station shall be verified. 4.8 Unless otherwise specified, the energy storage station shall be pre-charged or pre- discharged before testing, and the energy state should be 30% ~ 80% of the rated discharging energy. 4.9 The energy storage station shall select the energy storage station or energy storage system as the test object in accordance with the grid conditions of the access point and the requirements of the power grid dispatching institution. For test projects carried out with an energy storage system as the test object, the test results shall be evaluated in combination with energy storage station model simulations. See Appendix B for the wiring of energy storage station and energy storage system connected to the grid for testing. 4.10 The test point for the energy storage station connected to the power grid shall select a grid connection point. 4.11 If an abnormality occurs during the test of the energy storage station connected to the power grid, the test shall be immediately stopped, and the abnormal information shall be recorded. After the processing is completed, the test shall be re-performed. 4.12 When renovation (expansion) or equipment modification, software upgrade, network- related parameter modification and control logic change of the energy storage station may affect the performance of grid connection of the energy storage station, such as: fault ride-through, power control, rated energy, operation adaptability and power quality, etc., the affected items shall be re-tested within 3 months of completion of the replacement or update. 4.13 During the test process of the energy storage station connected to the power grid, the test data and environmental conditions shall be recorded, and a test report shall be issued after the test is completed. The test report includes an overview of the energy storage station, test information, test equipment, test items, test conclusions and test data, etc. See Appendix C for the test report format. 5 Test Conditions 5.1 During the test, the main equipment of the energy storage station shall be in normal working conditions. 5.2 The harmonic voltage of the power grid, to which, the energy storage station is connected, shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 14549; the inter-harmonic voltage shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 24337; the grid voltage deviation shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 12325; the voltage fluctuation and flicker values shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 12326; the three-phase voltage unbalance shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 15543; the grid frequency deviation shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 15945. 6 Test Instruments and Equipment 6.1 Test Instruments The test instruments shall satisfy the following requirements: power control point, in a period of 20 ms, calculate the average value and deviation of reactive power 15 seconds after each reactive power control point; e) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and successively set the energy storage station to charge at 90% PN, 80% PN, 70% PN, 60% PN, 50% PN, 40% PN, 30% PN, 20% PN and 10% PN. Repeat steps c) ~ d); f) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the active power of the energy storage station to 0. Repeat steps c) ~ d); g) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to charge at PN; h) Issue reactive power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the capacitive reactive power of the energy storage station to start from 0, and increase step by step with an amplitude of 10% PN, until the capacitive reactive power of the energy storage station reaches the maximum, then, stop increasing the capacitive reactive power, and continuously operate for 30 seconds at each reactive power control point; i) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage and current of each reactive power control point, in a period of 20 ms, calculate the average value and deviation of reactive power 15 seconds after each reactive power control point; j) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and successively set the energy storage station to charge at 90% PN, 80% PN, 70% PN, 60% PN, 50% PN, 40% PN, 30% PN, 20% PN and 10% PN. Repeat steps h) ~ i); k) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the active power of the energy storage station to 0. Repeat steps h) ~ i). NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 7.2.2 Discharging state The reactive power control test of the energy storage station in the discharging state is carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT) at the test point. The specific wiring is shown in Figure B.1; b) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to discharge at PN; c) Issue reactive power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the inductive reactive power of the energy storage station to start from 0, and increase step by step with an amplitude of 10% PN, until the inductive reactive power of the energy storage station reaches the maximum, then, stop increasing the inductive reactive power, and continuously operate for 30 seconds at each reactive power control point; d) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage and current of each reactive power control point, in a period of 20 ms, calculate the average value and deviation of reactive power 15 seconds after each reactive power control point; e) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and successively set the energy storage station to discharge at 90% PN, 80% PN, 70% PN, 60% PN, 50% PN, 40% PN, 30% PN, 20% PN and 10% PN. Repeat steps c) ~ d); f) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the active power of the energy storage station to 0. Repeat steps c) ~ d); g) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to discharge at PN; h) Issue reactive power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the capacitive reactive power of the energy storage station to start from 0, and increase step by step with an amplitude of 10% PN, until the capacitive reactive power of the energy storage station reaches the maximum, then, stop increasing the capacitive reactive power, and continuously operate for 30 seconds at each reactive power control point; i) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage and current of each reactive power control point, in a period of 20 ms, calculate the average value and deviation of reactive power 15 seconds after each reactive power control point; j) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and successively set the energy storage station to discharge at 90% PN, 80% PN, 70% PN, 60% PN, 50% PN, 40% PN, 30% PN, 20% PN and 10% PN. Repeat steps h) ~ i); k) Issue active power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the active power of the energy storage station to 0. Repeat steps h) ~ i). NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 7.3 Power Factor Regulation Capability The test of the power factor regulation capability of the energy storage station is carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT) at the test point. The specific wiring is shown in Figure B.1; b) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to discharge at PN and continuously operate for 2 minutes; storge station, expressed in (kW  h) or (MW  h). 11 Power Quality 11.1 Current Harmonics The current harmonics test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 14549. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the 25th harmonic current value during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 11.2 Voltage Harmonics The voltage harmonics test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 14549. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the total harmonic distortion rate of voltage and the ratio of odd- even harmonic voltage during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 11.3 Inter-voltage Harmonics The inter-voltage harmonics test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 24337. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the inter-harmonic voltage content rate during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 11.4 Voltage Deviation The voltage deviation test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 12325. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage deviation during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 11.5 Voltage Unbalance The voltage unbalance test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 15543. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage unbalance during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 11.6 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker The voltage fluctuation and flicker test of the energy storage station shall be respectively carried out in the charging state and the discharging state. The charging power and discharging power are both PN. The test method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 12326. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage fluctuation values and short-term flicker values during the test. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 12 Primary Frequency Modulation The primary frequency modulation test of the energy storage station is carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT) at the test point, and the frequency signal generating device is connected to the monitoring system of the energy storage station. The specific wiring is shown in Figure B.3; b) Exit the inertia response and AGC control functions of the energy storage station; c) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to discharge at PN; d) Through the frequency signal generating device, issue frequency change instructions to the monitoring system of the energy storage station; e) In steps of 0.01 Hz, gradually increase the frequency value from 50 Hz, until the active power begins to regularly change. After continuously operating for 30 seconds at each frequency control point, return to 50 Hz. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the frequency value at the moment when the active power regularly changes during the frequency up-disturbance process; f) In steps of 0.01 Hz, gradually decrease the frequency value from 50 Hz, until the active power begins to regularly change. After continuously operating for 30 seconds at each frequency control point, return to 50 Hz. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the frequency value at the moment when the active power regularly changes during the frequency down-disturbance process; g) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to charge at PN; h) Repeat d) ~ f); to the monitoring system of the energy storage station; e) Respectively at a frequency change rate of 0.1 Hz/s and 0.5 Hz/s, increase from 50 Hz to 51.50 Hz. After continuously operating for 30 seconds, return to 50 Hz. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage, current, frequency and active power values at the test point; f) Respectively at a frequency change rate of 0.1 Hz/s and 0.5 Hz/s, decrease from 50 Hz to 48.50 Hz. After continuously operating for 30 seconds, return to 50 Hz. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage, current, frequency and active power values at the test point; g) Calculate the active power response time and control deviation. The calculation method shall comply with the provisions of Appendix D; h) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage station to charge at PN; i) Repeat d) ~ g); j) After the test is completed, restore the primary frequency modulation and AGC control functions of the energy storage station. NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 14 Operation Adaptability 14.1 Voltage Adaptability The voltage adaptability test of the energy storage station is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) The energy storage station is the first choice as the test object. When the energy storage station cannot be used as the test object, it is appropriate to select any energy storage system of the same model and specifications in the energy storage system as the test object and turn off other energy storage systems under the same bus as the energy storage system under test. When there are multiple models and specifications of energy storage systems in an energy storage system, energy storage systems of the same model and specifications shall respectively be taken as objects for testing based on the actual conditions of the energy storage station. The test shall cover all models and specifications of energy storage systems. b) The power grid simulation device is connected in series with the energy storage system under test. The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT) at the test point. The specific wiring is shown in Figure B.2. c) Set the output voltage and frequency of the power grid simulation device to the nominal voltage and rated frequency of the energy storage system under test. d) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage system under test to discharge at 20% PN. e) Set the voltage of the power grid simulation device to respectively step from UN to 91% UN, 95% UN and 99% UN. After continuously operating for at least 1 minute at each control point, return to UN. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage at the test point of the energy storage system and the operating status of the energy storage system. f) Set the voltage of the power grid simulation device to respectively step from UN to 101% UN, 105% UN and 109% UN. After continuously operating for at least 1 minute at each control point, return to UN. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the voltage at the test point of the energy storage system and the operating status of the energy storage system. g) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage system under test to charge at 20% PN. Repeat steps e) ~ f). h) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage system under test to discharge at 80% PN. Repeat steps e) ~ f). i) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage system under test to charge at 80% PN. Repeat steps e) ~ f). NOTE: PN represents the rated discharge active power value of the energy storage system under test, which is expressed in (kW) or (MW). 14.2 Frequency Adaptability The frequency adaptability test of the energy storage station is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) The energy storage station is the first choice as the test object. When the energy storage station cannot be used as the test object, it is appropriate to select any energy storage system of the same model and specifications in the energy storage system as the test object and turn off other energy storage systems under the same bus as the energy storage system under test. When there are multiple models and specifications of energy storage systems in an energy storage system, energy storage systems of the same model and specifications shall respectively be taken as objects for testing based on the actual conditions of the energy storage station. The test shall cover all models and specifications of energy storage systems. b) The power grid simulation device is connected in series with the energy storage system under test. The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer storage station cannot be used as the test object, it is appropriate to select any energy storage system of the same model and specifications in the energy storage system as the test object and turn off other energy storage systems under the same bus as the energy storage system under test. When there are multiple models and specifications of energy storage systems in an energy storage system, energy storage systems of the same model and specifications shall respectively be taken as objects for testing based on the actual conditions of the energy storage station. The test shall cover all models and specifications of energy storage systems. b) The power grid simulation device is connected in series with the energy storage system under test. The data acquisition device is connected to the voltage transformer (PT) and current transformer (CT) at the test point. The specific wiring is shown in Figure B.2. c) Set the output voltage and frequency of the power grid simulation device to the nominal voltage and rated frequency of the energy storage system under test. d) Turn off the primary frequency modulation and inertia response functions of the energy storage system under test. e) Issue power control instructions through the monitoring system and set the energy storage system under test to discharge at 20% PN. f) Set the output frequency of the power grid simulation device to decrease from 50 Hz to 48.55 Hz at a change rate of 1.95 Hz/s. Continuously operate for at least 1 minute, then, at a change rate of 1.95 Hz/s, increase to 50 Hz, and continuously operate for at least 1 minute. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the frequency at the test point of the energy storage system and the operating status of the energy storage system. g) Set the output frequency of the power grid simulation device to decrease from 50 Hz to 48.55 Hz at a change rate of 2.05 Hz/s. Continuously operate for at least 1 minute, then, at a change rate of 2.05 Hz/s, increase to 50 Hz, and continuously operate for at least 1 minute. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the frequency at the test point of the energy storage system and the operating status of the energy storage system. h) Set the output frequency of the power grid simulation device to increase from 50 Hz to 50.45 Hz at a change rate of 1.95 Hz/s. Continuously operate for at least 1 minute, then, at a change rate of 1.95 Hz/s, decrease to 50 Hz, and continuously operate for at least 1 minute. Utilize the data acquisition device to record the frequency at the test point of the energy storage system and the operating status of the energy storage system. i) Set the output frequency of the power grid simulation device to increase from 50 Hz to 50.45 Hz at a change rate of 2.05 Hz/s. Continuously operate for at least 1 minute, then, at a change rate of 2.05 Hz/s, decrease to 50 Hz, and continuously operate for at ......


GB/T 36548-2018 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 F 19 Test specification for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid ISSUED ON: JULY 13, 2018 IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2019 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 4  2 Normative references ... 4  3 Terms and definitions... 5  4 General principles ... 6  5 Test conditions ... 6  6 Test equipment ... 7  7 Test items and methods ... 8  Test specification for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid 1 Scope This Standard specifies the test conditions, test equipment, test items and methods for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid. This Standard is applicable to electrochemical energy storage systems with a rated power of 100 kW and above and an energy storage time of not less than 15 min. It also applies – as a reference – to the implementation of electrochemical energy storage systems of other power levels and energy storage time. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendment) applies to this document. GB/T 12326, Power quality - Voltage fluctuation and flicker GB/T 12706.1, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1.2 kV) up to 35 kV (Um = 40.5 kV) - Part 1: Cables for rated voltage of 1 kV (Um = 1.2 kV) and 3 kV (Um = 3.6 kV) GB/T 12706.2, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1.2 kV) up to 35 kV (Um = 40.5 kV) - Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6 kV (Um = 7.2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV) GB/T 13729, Remote terminal unit equipment GB/T 14549, Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply network GB/T 15543, Power quality - Three-phase voltage GB/T 21431, Technical code for inspection of lightning protection system in building GB/T 24337, Power quality - Interharmonics in public supply network GB/T 36547, Technical rule for electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid 4 General principles 4.1 Before the test, a test plan shall be prepared, and corresponding safety measures shall be formulated. 4.2 The equipment of the electrochemical energy storage system can be connected to the power grid for on-site test only after the on-site debugging is completed. 4.3 The test contents of the electrochemical energy storage system include: power grid adaptability test (including frequency adaptability test, voltage adaptability test and power quality adaptability test), power control test, overload capacity test, power quality test, protection function test, charge-discharge response time test, charge- discharge adjustment time test, charge-discharge conversion time test, rated energy test, energy conversion efficiency test, etc.; the electrochemical energy storage system connected to power grid through voltage levels of 10 (6) kV and above shall also be subjected to low voltage ride through test, high voltage ride through test and communication test, etc. 4.4 During the power grid adaptability test, simulated power grid devices should be adopted for the test; during the low voltage ride through test and high voltage ride through test, power grid fault simulation devices should be used. 4.5 The test results shall meet GB/T 36547 or other relevant requirements, and a corresponding test report shall be formed. 5 Test conditions 5.1 Environmental conditions The energy storage system shall be tested under the following environmental conditions: a) Ambient temperature: 5 °C ~ 40 °C; b) Ambient humidity: 15% ~ 90%; c) Atmospheric pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa. 5.2 Basic conditions The energy storage system shall meet the following requirements before it is connected to power grid for test: a) The lightning protection grounding device of the energy storage system shall meet the requirements in GB/T 21431, GB 50057 and DL/T 621; c) During the test, the steady-state voltage variation range shall not exceed 1% of the nominal voltage; d) The voltage deviation shall be less than 0.2% of the nominal voltage; e) The frequency deviation shall be less than 0.01 Hz; f) The three-phase voltage unbalance shall be less than 1%, and phase deviation shall be less than 3°; g) For a simulated power grid device whose neutral point is not grounded, the neutral point displacement voltage shall be less than 1% of the phase voltage; h) The rated power (PN, the same below) shall be greater than the rated power of the electrochemical energy storage system to be tested; i) It shall be provided with the ability to adjust ±0.1% of the rated frequency fN within one cycle; j) It shall be provided with the ability to adjust ±1% of the rated voltage UN within one cycle; k) The step response adjustment time shall be less than 20 ms. 6.3 Performance of the power grid fault simulation device for testing The power grid fault simulation device shall meet the following technical requirements: a) The device shall be able to simulate three-phase symmetrical voltage drop, phase- to-phase voltage drop and single-phase voltage drop, and the drop amplitude shall include 0% ~ 90%; b) The device shall be able to simulate three-phase symmetrical voltage rise, and the rise amplitude shall include 110% ~ 130%; c) The voltage step response adjustment time shall be less than 20 ms. 7 Test items and methods 7.1 Grid adaptability test 7.1.1 Frequency adaptability test The test wiring – to test the frequency adaptability of the energy storage system – is shown in Figure 1. This test item shall use a simulated power grid device to simulate changes in power grid frequency. The test steps are as follows: a) Connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device. b) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state. c) Adjust the frequency of the simulated power grid device to the range of 49.52 Hz ~ 50.18 Hz; select a number of points reasonably within this range (at least 3 points, and the critical point must be measured); continuously run at each point for at least 1 min, there shall be no tripping phenomenon; otherwise, stop the test. d) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step c). e) Connect to the energy storage system of the grid through the 380 V voltage level: 1) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state; adjust the frequency of the simulated power grid device to the range of 49.32 Hz ~ 49.48 Hz and 50.22 Hz ~ 50.48 Hz respectively; select a number of points reasonably within the range (at least 3 points, and the critical point must be measured); continuously run at each point for at least 4 s; respectively record the operational state of the energy storage system and the corresponding operating frequency and operating time; 2) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step 1). f) Connect to the energy storage system of the grid through the voltage level of 10(6) kV and above: 1) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state; adjust the frequency of the simulated power grid device to the range of 48.02 Hz ~ 49.48 Hz and 50.22 Hz ~ 50.48 Hz; select a number of points reasonably within this range (at least 3 points, and the critical point must be measured); continuously run at each point for at least 4 s; respectively record the operational state of the energy storage system and the corresponding operating frequency and operating time; 2) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step 1); 3) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state; adjust the frequency of the simulated power grid device to 50.52 Hz; run continuously for at least 4 s; record the operational state of the energy storage system and the corresponding operating frequency and operating time; 4) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step 3); 5) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state; adjust the frequency of the simulated power grid device to 47.98 Hz; run continuously for at least 4 s; record the operational state of the energy storage system and the corresponding operating frequency and operating time; 6) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step 5). a) Connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device; b) Set the energy storage system to run in the charging state; c) Adjust the harmonic value, three-phase voltage unbalance and inter-harmonic value at the AC side of the simulated power grid device to the maximum limits required in GB/T 14549, GB/T 15543 and GB/T 24337 respectively; run continuously for at least 1 min; record the operational state of the energy storage system and the corresponding operating time; d) Set the energy storage system to run in the discharge state, and repeat step c). 7.2 Power control test 7.2.1 Active power adjustment capability test 7.2.1.1 Power rise test As shown in Figure 1, connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal operating conditions, to perform the active power adjustment capability test for power rise. The test steps are as follows: a) Set the active power of the energy storage system to 0; b) As shown in Figure 2, adjust the active power set point step by step to -0.25PN, 0.25PN, -0.5PN, 0.5PN, -0.75PN, 0.75PN, -PN and PN, and keep each power point for at least 30 s; measure the sequential power at the grid connection point of the energy storage system; take the average value of active power every 0.2 s as a point, and record the measured curve; c) Calculate the average value of active power for 15 s in the second 15 s after each active power change; d) Calculate the control precision, response time and adjustment time of active power at each point of b). 7.2.1.2 Power drop test As shown in Figure 1, connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal operating conditions, to perform the active power adjustment capability test for power drop. The test steps are as follows: a) Set the active power of the energy storage system to PN; b) As shown in Figure 3, adjust the active power set point step by step to -PN, 0.75PN, -0.75PN, 0.5PN, -0.5PN, 0.25PN, -0.25PN and 0, and keep each power point for at Note 2: The discharge power of the energy storage system is positive, and the charging power is negative. Figure 3 – Power drop test curve 7.2.2 Reactive power adjustment capability test 7.2.2.1 Charging mode test As shown in Figure 1, connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal operating conditions, to perform the reactive power adjustment capability charging mode test. The test steps are as follows: a) Set the charging active power of the energy storage system to PN; b) Adjust the energy storage system to operate in the operating mode of outputting the maximum inductive reactive power; c) Measure the sequential power at the grid connection point of the energy storage system; record the active power and reactive power for at least 30 s; take the average value of power every 0.2 s as a point; calculate the average value of active power and reactive power in the second 15 s; d) Adjust the charging active power of the energy storage system to 0.9PN, 0.8PN, 0.7PN, 0.6PN, 0.5PN, 0.4PN, 0.3PN, 0.2PN, 0.1PN and 0 respectively; repeat steps b) ~ c); e) Adjust the energy storage system to operate in the operating mode of outputting the maximum capacitive reactive power; repeat steps c) ~ d); f) Take the active power as the abscissa and the reactive power as the ordinate, to draw the power envelope diagram of the energy storage system. 7.2.2.2 Discharge mode test As shown in Figure 1, connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal operating conditions, to perform the reactive power adjustment capability discharge mode test. The test steps are as follows: a) Set the discharge active power of the energy storage system to PN; b) Adjust the energy storage system to operate in the operating mode of outputting the maximum inductive reactive power; c) Measure the sequential power at the grid connection point of the energy storage system; record the active power and reactive power for at least 30 s; take the average value of power every 0.2 s as a point; calculate the average value of active power and reactive power in the second 15 s; d) Adjust the discharge active power of the energy storage system to 0.9PN, 0.8PN, 0.7PN, 0.6PN, 0.5PN, 0.4PN, 0.3PN, 0.2PN, 0.1PN and 0 respectively; repeat steps b) ~ c); e) Adjust the energy storage system to operate in the operating mode of outputting the maximum capacitive reactive power; repeat steps c) ~ d); f) Take the active power as the abscissa and the reactive power as the ordinate, to draw the power envelope diagram of the energy storage system. Note 1: The positive value of reactive power represents inductive reactive power, and the negative value of reactive power represents capacitive reactive power. Note 2: When the active power is within ±2% PN, it is considered that the active power is adjusted to 0. 7.2.3 Power factor adjustment capability test As shown in Figure 1, connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal working conditions, to perform the power factor adjustment capability test. The test steps are as follows: a) Adjust the discharge active power of the energy storage system to four points of 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, and PN respectively; b) Adjust the power factor of the energy storage system from the lead of 0.95, continuously to the lag of 0.95, and the adjustment range shall not be greater than 0.01; measure and record the actual output power factor of the energy storage system; c) Adjust the charging active power of the energy storage system to four points of 0.25PN, 0.5PN, 0.75PN, and PN respectively; d) Adjust the power factor of the energy storage system from the lead of 0.95, continuously to the lag of 0.95, and the adjustment range shall not be greater than 0.01; measure and record the actual output power factor of the energy storage system. 7.3 Overload capability test The steps to test the overload capacity of the energy storage system are as follows: a) Adjust the energy storage system to the hot stand-by state; set the charging active power set point of the energy storage system to 1.1PN; run continuously for 10 minutes; measure the sequential power at the grid connection point of the energy simulation device shall be consistent with that of the no-load test. The test steps are as follows: a) Connect the energy storage system disconnected during the no-load test to the grid for operation; b) Adjust the output power of the energy storage system to 0.1PN ~ 0.3PN; c) Control the power grid fault simulation device to perform three-phase symmetrical voltage drop; d) Record the waveforms of the voltage and current at the grid connection point of the energy storage system; at least record the data between 10 s before the voltage drops and 6 s after the voltage returns to normal; e) Control the power grid fault simulation device to perform asymmetrical voltage drop; f) Record the waveforms of the voltage and current at the grid connection point of the energy storage system; at least record the data between 10 s before the voltage drops and 6 s after the voltage returns to normal; g) Adjust the output power of the energy storage system to the rated power PN; h) Repeat c) ~ f). 7.5 High voltage ride through test 7.5.1 Test preparation Before the high voltage ride through test of the energy storage system connected to power grid through a voltage level of 10(6) kV and above, the following preparations shall be made: a) Before the high voltage ride through test, the energy storage system shall work in the same control mode as that when it is actually put into operation. Connect the energy storage system, power grid fault simulation device, data acquisition device and other related equipment according to Figure 1; b) At least 2 points shall be selected for the high voltage ride through test, and they shall be distributed in the two ranges of 110%UN < U < 120%UN and 120%UN < U < 130%UN; the rise time shall be selected according to the requirements of the high voltage ride through curve in Figure 5. 7.6 Power quality test 7.6.1 Three-phase voltage unbalance test Test the energy storage system separately in charging and discharge state, and carry out the three-phase voltage unbalance test of the system according to the relevant provisions of GB/T 15543. 7.6.2 Harmonic test Test the energy storage system separately in charging and discharge state; perform the harmonic test of the system according to the relevant provisions of GB/T 14549; carry out the inter-harmonic test of the system according to the relevant provisions of GB/T 24337. 7.6.3 DC component test 7.6.3.1 Test the DC component of the energy storage system in the discharge state, of which the steps are as follows: a) Connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal working conditions, and the power factor to 1; b) Adjust the output current of the energy storage system to 33% of the rated current, and keep for 1 min; c) Measure the voltage of each phase at the output end of the energy storage system, the effective value of the current and the DC component of the current (it is DC if the frequency is less than 1 Hz); test for 5 minutes under the same sampling rate and time window; d) When the error between the average value of the RMS voltage of each phase and the rated voltage is less than 5%, and the deviation between the average value of the RMS value of each phase current and the set value of the test current is less than 5%, use the absolute value of each measurement point to calculate the average value of the DC component amplitude of each phase current; e) Adjust the output current of the energy storage system to 66% and 100% of the rated output current respectively, and keep it for 1 min; repeat steps c) ~ d). 7.6.3.2 Test the DC component of the energy storage system in the charging state, of which the steps are as follows: a) Connect the energy storage system to the simulated power grid device (the public supply network); adjust all parameters to normal working conditions, and the power factor to 1; c) Set the voltage of the simulated power grid device (public supply network) as the nominal voltage of the energy storage system, and the frequency as the rated frequency of the energy storage system; adjust the load quality factor Q to be 1.0±0.05; d) Close switches S1, S2, and S3, until the energy storage system reaches the specified value of b); e) Adjust the load so that the fundamental current of each phase passing through switch S3 is less than 2% of the steady-state rated current of each phase of the energy storage system; f) Disconnect S3, and record the time interval from disconnecting S3 to when the energy storage system stops supplying power to the load, that is, the disconnection time; g) Within the range of 95% ~ 105% of the initial balanced load, increase the reactive load by 1% (or increase the reactive power of the energy storage system by 1%). If the disconnection time of the energy storage system increases, an additional 1% reactive load (or reactive power) needs to be added until the disconnection time no longer increases; h) At 95% or 105% of the initial balanced load, if the disconnection time still increases, an additional reduction or increase of 1% of the reactive load (or reactive power) is required until the disconnection time does not increase; i) In the test results, the test points with the three longest disconnection times shall be subjected to 2 additional repeated tests; when the three longest disconnection times appear on the discontinuous 1% load increase value, all test points between the three longest disconnect times shall be subjected to 2 additional repetitions; j) Adjust the output power of the energy storage system to 66% and 33% of the rated power, respectively, and repeat steps c) ~ i). Note: For a three-phase four-wire energy storage system, L is the phase wire and N is the neutral wire; for a three-phase three-wire energy storage system, L and N are both phase wires. 7.8 Charging and discharge response time test 7.8.1 Charging response time test Under the condition of charging and discharging at rated power, adjust the energy storage system to the hot stand-by state, and test the charging response time. The test steps are as follows: a) Record the moment when the energy storage system receives the control signal, as tC1; ......

Similar standards: GB/T 36547-2024  GB/T 36545-2023  
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