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Standard ID | GB/T 34133-2023 (GB/T34133-2023) | Description (Translated English) | Testing code for power conversion system of energy storage system | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | F19 | Classification of International Standard | 27.180 | Word Count Estimation | 54,551 | Date of Issue | 2023-12-28 | Date of Implementation | 2024-07-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 34133-2017 | Drafting Organization | China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd., Huawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. | Administrative Organization | National Electric Power Storage Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 550) | Proposing organization | China Electricity Council | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | Standard ID | GB/T 34133-2017 (GB/T34133-2017) | Description (Translated English) | [Including 2018XG1] Testing code for power converter of electrochemical energy storage system | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | F19 | Classification of International Standard | 27.180 | Word Count Estimation | 46,462 | Date of Issue | 2017-07-31 | Date of Implementation | 2018-02-01 | Drafting Organization | China Electric Power Research Institute, Sunshine Power Co., Ltd., Beijing Group Ling Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Xu Ji Power Co., Ltd. | Administrative Organization | China Electricity Council | Proposing organization | China Electricity Council | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China, China National Standardization Administration Committee |
GB/T 34133-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
CCS F 19
Replacing GB/T 34133-2017
Testing Code for Power Conversion System of Energy
Storage System
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms, Definitions and Symbols ... 8
4 General Requirements ... 8
5 Detection Conditions ... 9
6 Detection Instruments and Equipment ... 9
7 Appearance Inspection and Protection Degree Detection ... 16
8 Basic Function Detection ... 17
9 Electrical Performance Detection ... 25
10 Safety Performance Detection ... 66
11 Electromagnetic Compatibility Detection ... 77
12 Auxiliary System Detection ... 80
13 Marking and Packaging Detection ... 81
Appendix A (normative) Calculation Methods for Active Power Control Response Time,
Regulation time and Control Deviation Parameters ... 83
Testing Code for Power Conversion System of Energy
Storage System
1 Scope
This document specifies the detection methods for the appearance inspection and protection
degree, basic functions, electrical performance, safety performance, electromagnetic
compatibility, auxiliary systems, marking and packaging of electrochemical energy storage
converters, as well as detection conditions, and detection instruments and equipment, etc.
This document is applicable to the design, manufacturing, testing, detection, operation,
maintenance and overhaul of energy storage converters with electrochemical cells as the energy
storage carrier, and AC port voltage of 35 kV and below.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2423.3 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Testing Method - Test Cab: Damp Heat, Steady
State
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Method
- Test Db: Damp Heat, Cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
GB/T 2423.18 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Kb: Salt Mist, Cyclic
(sodium chloride solution)
GB/T 2424.6 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Confirmation of the
Performance of Temperature / Humidity Chambers
GB/T 4208 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP code)
GB 4824 Industrial, Scientific and Medical Equipment - Radio-frequency Disturbance
Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement
GB/T 4857.10 Packaging - Basic Tests for Transport Packages - Part 10: Sinusoidal Vibration
Test Method Using at Variable Vibration Frequency
GB/T 6092 Squares
GB/T 9286 Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut Test
C---boost capacitor;
R---damping resistor;
S1---bypass switch;
S2---short-circuit switch.
Figure 3 -- Continuous Fault Generation Device
6.4 Battery Simulation Device
The battery simulation device shall satisfy the following requirements:
a) The output voltage deviation value is less than 0.1% of the maximum DC voltage of
the energy storage converter under test, and the adjustable step size is not greater than
0.1% of the maximum DC voltage or 0.5 V, whichever is greater;
b) The output current deviation value is less than 0.1% of the maximum DC current of
the energy storage converter under test, and the adjustable step size is not greater than
0.1% of the maximum DC current or 0.5 A, whichever is greater;
c) The voltage response time is not greater than 20 ms;
d) The dynamic voltage transient value is less than 10% of the voltage set value;
e) Electric energy can flow in both directions;
f) The rated power is not less than 1.2 times the rated power of the energy storage
converter under test;
g) The maximum output voltage is not less than 1.05 times the maximum DC voltage of
the energy storage converter under test;
h) It can simulate the charge and discharge characteristics of electrochemical batteries,
and should be able to set parameters, such as: battery type, battery nominal voltage
and battery capacity, etc.
6.5 AC Load
The AC load shall satisfy the following requirements:
a) Resistive, inductive and capacitive loads can be independently controlled;
b) The load uses non-inductive resistors, low-consumption inductors and capacitors with
low series effective internal resistance and low series effective inductance;
c) The rated power is not less than 1.2 times the rated power of the energy storage
converter under test;
d) The rated voltage is not less than the rated voltage of the energy storage converter
under test.
NOTE: AC load also uses load sources, for example, electronic load.
6.6 Temperature Detection Equipment
The temperature detection equipment shall satisfy the following requirements:
a) The data storage capacity can store all temperature data during the detection process;
b) The number of temperature measurement channels can satisfy the number of
temperature measurement points arranged;
c) The temperature measurement range of the temperature measurement channels
satisfies 40 C ~ 160 C, and the temperature measurement accuracy is not lower
than 0.5 C;
d) The time base signals of each temperature measurement channel are unified;
e) The sampling frequency is not lower than 1 Hz.
6.7 Signal Generation and Collection Device
The signal generation and collection device shall satisfy the following requirements:
a) Equipped with communication interfaces and functions, such as: CAN, RS-485 and
network port, etc.;
b) Support corresponding communication protocols, issue control signals, collect and
display communication data;
c) Equipped with CAN baud rate selection and configuration function. The baud rate
includes gear selections of 250 kbps, 500 kbps and 1,000 kbps, etc.;
d) Equipped with RS-485 serial port baud rate selection and configuration function. The
baud rate includes gear selections of 9,600 bps, 19,200 bps and 115,200 bps, etc.;
e) Equipped with network port baud rate selection and configuration function. The baud
rate includes gear selections of 100 M bps and 1 gigabit bps, etc.
6.8 Temperature / Humidity Test Chamber
The temperature / humidity test chamber shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 2424.6
6.9 Salt Mist Detection Equipment
The salt mist detection equipment shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 2423.18.
d) Neatness, standardization and correctness of characters and symbols.
7.2 Protection Degree
The protection degree detection is carried out in accordance with the method specified in GB/T
4208.
NOTE: when test conditions are not available, the method of providing a sample cabinet is used
for equivalent detection.
8 Basic Function Detection
8.1 Start and Stop
The start and stop detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode;
c) Through the signal generation and collection device, or energy storage converter
control panel, issue a command of starting to the energy storage converter;
d) After the energy storage converter is started, set the active power of the energy storage
converter to operate at the rated power. When the output power of the energy storage
converter rises to the rated power, maintain the rated power running for 2 minutes and
issue a command of stopping to the energy storage converter;
e) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the effective active power value of the
AC port of the energy storage converter from the issuance of the command of starting
to stopping with a cycle of 200 ms, and draw the active power - time curve;
f) Calculate the time from the moment when the command of starting is issued to the
moment when 90%Pn is firstly reached, and calculate the time from the moment when
the command of stopping is issued to the moment when 10%Pn is firstly reached;
g) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c)
~ f).
Q1 and Q2;
b) Reverse the connection of the phase sequence of any two phases of the AC port
incoming line of the energy storage converter;
c) Connect switches Q1 and Q2 to start the energy storage converter;
d) Record the operating status and alarm information of the energy storage converter;
e) Check whether the energy storage converter has AC incoming line phase sequence
error alarm and protection functions;
f) Disconnect switches Q1 and Q2;
g) Positively connect the AC port incoming line phase sequence of the energy storage
converter;
h) Connect switches Q1 and Q2 to start the energy storage converter;
i) Record the operating status and alarm reset status of the energy storage converter;
j) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates after the AC incoming
line phase sequence is positively connected.
8.2.3 DC voltage
8.2.3.1 DC overvoltage
The DC overvoltage alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the
following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode;
c) Set the energy storage converter to operate at no less than 10%Pn;
d) Starting from 95% of the DC overvoltage protection set value of the energy storage
converter, take 0.5% of the maximum DC voltage as the regulation step size, adjust
the output voltage of the battery simulation device, and rise, until the DC overvoltage
protection of the energy storage converter is activated;
e) Record the DC overvoltage protection action value and alarm information of the
energy storage converter;
f) Check whether the energy storage converter has DC overvoltage alarm and protection
functions;
g) Adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device to the normal operating DC
voltage range of the energy storage converter, and check the operating status and
alarm reset of the energy storage converter;
h) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates when it is within the
normal operating DC voltage range;
i) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c)
~ h).
8.2.3.2 DC undervoltage
DC undervoltage alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the
following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode;
c) Set the energy storage converter to operate at no less than 10%Pn;
d) Starting from 105% of the DC undervoltage protection set value of the energy storage
converter, take 0.5% of the maximum DC voltage as the regulation step size, adjust
the output voltage of the battery simulation device, and reduce it, until the DC
undervoltage protection of the energy storage converter is activated;
e) Record the DC undervoltage protection action value and alarm information of the
energy storage converter;
f) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with DC undervoltage alarm
and protection functions;
g) Adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device to the normal operating DC
voltage range of the energy storage converter, and check the operating status and
alarm reset of the energy storage converter;
h) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates within the normal
operating DC voltage range;
i) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c)
~ h).
8.2.4 Overcurrent
8.2.4.1 AC port
The AC port overcurrent alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with
h) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c)
~ g).
8.2.5 Overtemperature
The overtemperature alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the
following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode;
c) Stop or limit the operation of part of the cooling system to generate overtemperature
conditions, and reach the overtemperature limit; or by heating the temperature
detection element to the protection action point; or by reducing the overtemperature
protection limit, simulate the overtemperature conditions;
d) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information;
e) Check whether the energy storage converter has overtemperature alarm and protection
functions.
8.2.6 Communication fault
The communication fault alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with
the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode;
c) Manually disconnect the energy storage converter from the signal generation and
collection device to simulate a communication fault;
d) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information;
e) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with communication fault
alarm and protection functions.
8.2.7 Cooling system fault
The cooling system fault alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with
the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode;
c) Set the active power of the energy storage converter to operate at the rated power,
until the cooling system operates;
d) Control the energy storage converter to shut down;
e) Stop or partially limit the operation of the cooling system;
f) Set the active power of the energy storage converter to operate at the rated power;
g) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information;
h) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with cooling system fault
alarm and protection functions.
8.3 Insulation Resistance Monitoring
The insulation resistance monitoring function detection shall be carried out in accordance with
the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 5, connect the detection circuit, and disconnect switches
Q1 and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode;
c) Adjust the impedance of the adjustable resistor to 90%Vdc_max/30 mA;
d) Connect the grounding switch K1, so that the positive terminal of the DC port of the
energy storage converter is grounded through the adjustable resistor;
e) Connect switches Q1 and Q2;
f) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulation device to the maximum DC voltage value
of the energy storage converter, and start the energy storage converter;
g) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information;
h) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with insulation resistance
monitoring function;
i) Disconnect switches Q1 and Q2, and disconnect the grounding switch K1;
j) Connect K2, so that the negative terminal of the DC port of the energy storage
converter is grounded through the adjustable resistor and repeat steps e) ~ h).
The data display, statistics and storage function detection shall be carried out in accordance
with the following steps:
a) Check and record the operating status, operating parameters, protection parameters
and event records of the energy storage converter during the detection process in 8.1;
b) Through the query function, check and record the fault information during the
detection process of 8.2 and 8.3;
c) Through the query function, check and record the statistical information of the charge
energy and discharge energy of the energy storage converter.
9 Electrical Performance Detection
9.1 Power Output Range
The power output range detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Starting from the maximum charge power of the active power of the AC port of the
energy storage converter, take 10%Pn as the step size, set the active power of the AC
port of the energy storage converter to the maximum discharge power. At each active
power set value, successively set the energy storage converter to output the maximum
inductive reactive power and the maximum capacitive reactive power, and operate for
2 minutes at each reactive power point;
c) Utilize the data acquisition deice to record the effective values of the reactive power
and active power of the AC port of the energy storage converter with a cycle of 20
ms;
d) Take the last 1 min data of each 2 min data to calculate the average active power P60s
and the average reactive power Q60s;
e) In accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 34120, calculate the reactive power
reference value Qref corresponding to each active power average value P60s;
f) Calculate the difference between the average reactive power value and the reactive
power reference value for each active power set value;
g) In the first and second quadrants, if the difference is positive, it can be judged that the
power output satisfies the requirements. In the third and fourth quadrants, if the
difference is negative, it can be judged that the power output satisfies the requirements.
9.2 Active Power Control
voltage / reactive power control parameters;
e) Adjust the power grid simulation device, so that the AC port voltage of the energy
storage converter steps from Un to 91%Un and continuously operates for 2 minutes,
then, returns to Un and continuously operates for 2 minutes;
f) Set the reactive power control mode of the energy storage converter online to power
factor control, with a power factor of 0.95, and continuously operate for 2 minutes;
g) Set the reactive power control mode of the energy storage converter online to constant
reactive power control, the reactive power is 20% of the rated power, and
continuously operate for 2 minutes;
h) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the effective values of the AC port voltage
and reactive power, and power factor of the energy storage converter in a cycle of 20
ms;
i) Draw the voltage - reactive power and voltage - power factor curves;
j) Check the online switching of the energy storage converter reactive control mode.
9.6 Overload Capability
The overload capability detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:
a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1
and Q2;
b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode;
c) Adjust the output voltage of the power grid simulation device to the rated voltage of
the AC port of the energy storage converter;
d) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually increase to 110%
of the rated current, and maintain the operation at 110% of the rated current for 10
minutes;
e) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually reduce to the rated
current, and maintain the operation at the rated current for 2 minutes;
f) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually increase to 120%
of the rated current, and maintain the operation at 120% of the rated current for 1
minute;
g) Utilize the data acquisition device to synchronously record the effective values of the
AC port voltage and current of the energy storage converter in a cycle of 200 ms, and
draw a current - time curve;
......
GB/T 34133-2017
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
F 19
Testing code for power converter of
electrochemical energy storage system
ISSUED ON: JULY 31, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Testing conditions ... 7
5 Testing devices ... 8
6 Test items ... 11
Appendix A (Informative) Testing record ... 46
Appendix B (Normative) Determination method for the control response time
and control accuracy of setting power ... 58
Appendix C (Normative) Testing rules ... 61
Testing code for power converter of
electrochemical energy storage system
1 Scope
This standard specifies the testing items, testing conditions, testing devices,
testing procedures of power converter of electrochemical energy storage
system.
This standard is applicable to low-voltage three-phase power conversion
system which uses electrochemical battery as energy storage carrier and which
has a DC side voltage of not more than 1000 V.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2423.1 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part
2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold
GB/T 2423.2 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part
2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat
GB/T 2423.3 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part
2: Testing method test Cab: Damp heat Steady state
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part
2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
GB/T 3859.1 Semiconductor converters - General requirements and line
commutated converters - Part 1-1: Specification of basic requirements
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC
60529: 2001)
GB 4793.1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements
GB 4824 Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment
- Electromagnetic disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of
measurement
GB/T 7251.1 Low-voltage switchgear and control gear assemblies - Part 5:
Particular requirements for assemblies for power distribution in public
networks
GB/T 12325 Power quality - Deviation of supply voltage
GB/T 13422 Semiconductor converters - Electrical test methods
GB/T 14549 Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply
network
GB/T 15543 Quality of electric energy supply - Admissible three-phase
voltage unbalance factor
GB/T 15945 Power quality - Frequency deviation for power system
GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Testing and
measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.3 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test
GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Surge immunity test
GB/T 17626.6 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio-
frequency fields
GB/T 17626.15 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Flicker meter - Functional and design specifications
GB/T 20840.2 Instrument transformers - Part 2: Supplementary technical
requirements for current transformers
GB/T 20840.3 Instrument transformers - Part 3: Supplementary technical
requirements for electromagnetic voltage transformers
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
Grid simulator
A controllable AC power supply that simulates the output characteristics of
the grid.
3.8
Transfer time between charge and discharge
The time required for the energy storage system to switch between the state
of charge and the state of discharge. Generally, it refers to the average time
as required to switch from the charge state at 90% rated power to the
discharge state at 90% rated power and the time as required to switch from
the discharge state at 90% rated power to the charge state at 90% rated
power.
4 Testing conditions
4.1 Environmental conditions
Testing shall be carried out under the following environmental conditions:
a) Ambient temperature: 20 °C ~ 30 °C;
b) Relative humidity: ≤ 90%;
c) Ambient air pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
4.2 Electrical conditions
4.2.1 Quality conditions of grid power
Testing shall be performed under the following quality conditions of grid power:
a) The total distortion rate of voltage harmonics shall meet the requirements
of GB/T 14549;
b) The deviation of grid frequency shall meet the requirements of GB/T 15945;
c) The deviation of grid voltage shall meet the requirements of GB/T 12325;
d) The three-phase unbalance of the grid voltage shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 15543.
4.2.2 Electrical safety requirements
The electrical safety of the test site shall meet the requirements of GB 4793.1.
5.4 DC power supply
In addition to the voltage and current accuracy requirements specified in 5.1,
the DC power supply shall meet the following requirements:
a) The voltage’s regulation range shall cover the operating voltage range of
the tested power conversion system. The power shall be at least 1.2 times
the rated power of the tested power conversion system;
b) The voltage’s response time shall not exceed 20 ms;
c) The dynamic voltage transient shall be less than ±10% of the set point of
voltage.
5.5 Battery simulator
The battery simulator shall meet at least the following requirements:
a) It shall meet the requirements of 5.4;
b) The energy shall be able to flow in both directions;
c) It shall be able to simulate the charge and discharge characteristics of the
electrochemical battery. It should set the battery type, battery pack’s
nominal voltage, battery pack’s capacity, and other parameters.
5.6 DC load
The DC load shall meet at least the following requirements:
a) It has adjustable resistance and can realize closed-loop control of voltage
and current;
b) Adjust the current change step as generated by the load, which shall not
exceed 0.01 A;
c) The allowable current at each voltage point shall be more than the
maximum current of the power conversion system;
d) It should use the passive components.
5.7 Island simulation load
In addition to the voltage and current accuracy requirements as specified in 5.1
of this standard, the island simulation load shall also meet the following
functional and performance requirements:
a) The regulation accuracy of resistive load, inductive load, capacitive load
shall not exceed 0.2%. The adjustment step shall not exceed 0.05% of
system is the maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage
range;
d) Measure the actual current value at the DC side of the power conversion
system. Use the formula (2) to calculate the current error of the power
conversion system;
e) Fill the calculation results in the corresponding Tables in Appendix A.
Where:
ΔI - Error of output current;
IZ - Measured current value;
IZ0 - Output current setting as set.
6.1.3.2 Testing of stabilized current precision of constant current charge
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 2. Adjust the tested power
conversion system to work in constant current charge state.
b) Set the DC side current of the power conversion system to be 100%, 50%,
10% of the DC rated current, respectively.
c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator
or resistive load, so that the DC side voltage of the power conversion
system changes within its DC voltage range, the change step is 20% of
the DC voltage range of the tested power conversion system. Each step
is kept at least 10 s. Record the DC current data in the course of charge,
to obtain the maximum DC current fluctuation IM during the load change.
d) Use the formula (3) to calculate the stabilized current precision.
Where:
δI - Stabilized current precision;
IM - Maximum output current fluctuation, in ampere (A);
IZ - Output current setting, in ampere (A).
b) Set the DC side voltage of the tested power conversion system to its
maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage range;
c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator
or resistive load, so that the DC side current is 100%, 50%, 10% of the
rated value of DC current, respectively;
d) Measure the actual voltage value of the DC side of the power conversion
system. Use the formula (6) to calculate the voltage error of the power
conversion system;
e) Fill the calculation results in the corresponding Tables in Appendix A.
Where:
ΔU - The error of output voltage;
UZ - The measured voltage value;
UZ0 - The output voltage setting as set.
6.1.3.5 Testing of stabilized voltage precision of constant voltage charge
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 2. Adjust the tested power
conversion system to operate it under constant voltage charge state;
b) Set the DC side voltage of the tested power conversion system to its
maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage range;
c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator
or resistive load, so that the DC current of the power conversion system
changes under 0% ~ 100% of DC rated current. The change step is 20%
of DC rated current. The holding time of each step shall not be less than
10 s. Measure the maximum fluctuation value UM of the DC side voltage;
d) Use the formula (7) to calculate the stabilized voltage precision of constant
voltage charge.
Where:
δU - Stabilized voltage precision;
conversion system
6.3.2 Testing of rectification efficiency
Set the tested power conversion system to the grid-on operation status and
follow the procedures below to carry out testing:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4. Adjust the power
conversion system to operate in the rectification state;
b) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the upper
limit of the regulation range of DC voltage;
c) Make the tested power conversion system run based on each 10% of rated
power as an interval;
d) Use the data acquisition device to record the active power on the AC side
and the active power on the DC side;
e) Use the formula (10) to calculate the rectification efficiency of the tested
power conversion system;
f) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the
intermediate value and the lower limit of the regulation range of DC
voltage. Repeat steps c) ~ e).
Where:
η1 - Rectification efficiency;
pDC - DC output power, in watts (W);
pAC - AC input power, in watts (W).
6.3.3 Testing of inversion efficiency
According to the operating mode of the tested power conversion system, set
the corresponding grid-on/grid-off state. Follow the procedures below to carry
out the following testing:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4. Adjust the power
conversion system to operate in the inversion state;
b) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the upper
limit of the regulation range of DC voltage. Adjust the output voltage of the
IAC - The AC side current value of the power conversion system.
Note: The standby state is that the power conversion system is in the hot
standby state.
6.3.4.2 Testing of no-load loss
The testing of no-load loss shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4;
b) Make the power conversion system in no-load state;
c) Measure the DC side voltage and current data. Use the formula (13) to
calculate the no-load loss (13).
Where:
Pnoload - The no-load power loss of the power conversion system;
UDC - The DC side voltage of the power conversion system;
IDC - The DC current value of the power conversion system.
Note: The no-load state is that the power conversion system is grid-off without
load.
6.4 Testing of overload capability
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) The testing method shall meet the requirements specified in GB/T 13422;
b) Control the AC side voltage of the power conversion system to be the
rated voltage, the AC side current is 110% of the rated current. Hold for
10 min;
c) Control the AC side voltage of the power conversion system to be the rated
voltage, the AC side current is 120% of the rated current. Hold for 1 min.
6.5 Testing of power quality
6.5.1 Testing of current harmonics
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality
measuring device;
to the resistive load. Follow the requirements of items a) ~ f) in 6.5.1, carry out
testing for the voltage harmonics.
6.5.3 Testing of inter-current harmonics
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) At AC output side of the power conversion system, connect the power
quality measuring device;
b) Set the power conversion system to operate in a discharge state;
c) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system
runs continuously and normally, use 10% of the rated power of the power
conversion system as an interval; make continuous measurement for 10
min per interval;
d) According to formula (16), take the time window Tw to measure and
calculate the effective value of the inter-current harmonic center subgroup;
use the effective value of the 15 inter-current harmonic center subgroups
within 3 s to calculate the root-mean-square value;
e) Calculate the root-mean-square value of each 3 s inter-current harmonic
center subgroups as included in 10 min;
f) The highest measured frequency of inter-current harmonics shall reach 2
kHz;
g) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charging state, repeat
steps c) ~ f).
Note: The effective value of the hth inter-harmonic center subgroup;
Where:
C10h+i - The effective value of the (10h + i)th root spectral component
corresponding to the DFT output.
6.5.4 Testing of inter-voltage harmonics
The power conversion system is, under the grid-off operation mode, connected
to the resistive load. Follow the requirements of items a) ~ f) of 6.5.3 to test the
inter-voltage harmonics.
6.5.5 Testing of flicker
6.5.6.1 Grid-on three-phase unbalance
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Set the power conversion system to work in the grid-on mode discharge
state;
b) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality
measuring device;
c) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system
runs continuously and normally, use 10% of the rated power of power
conversion system as an interval. In each interval, make continuous
measurement of the current data for 10 min. Starting from the interval, use
the formula (17) to calculate the root-mean-square value at the time period
of 3 s. Calculate the root-mean-square value of 200 time period of 3 s in
total;
d) Respective, record the 95% probability large value of the measured value
of the negative sequence current imbalance as well as the maximum value
of all measured values;
e) Set the power conversion system to work in the grid-on mode. Repeat the
steps b) ~ d).
Where:
εk - The current or voltage imbalance as measured at the kth time within 3 s;
m - The number of values taken at uniform interval within 3 s, (m ≥ 6).
6.5.6.2 Grid-off three-phase unbalance
When the power conversion system is operated grid-off, follow the
requirements of items a) ~ d) in 6.5.6.1 to test the three-phase voltage
unbalance.
6.5.7 Testing of DC component
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality
measuring device;
b) Adjust the output rated power at the AC side of the power conversion
Where:
Uδ - Deviation rate of output voltage;
Ure - Actual output voltage, in volts (V);
UN - Rated output voltage, in volts (V).
f) Under the condition of minimum voltage at DC side, connect any two
phases of the AC side of the power conversion system to a resistive load
which has a rated power of 33% of the power conversion system. The
other phase is not connected to the load. Use a measuring device to
measure and record the voltage value at AC side. Calculate the three-
phase unbalance of AC side voltage.
g) Under the condition of minimum voltage on the DC side, connect any
phase at the AC side of the power conversion system to the resistive load
of 33% of the rated power of the power conversion system. The other two
phases are not connected to the load. Use a measuring device to measure
and record the voltage value at AC side. Calculate the three-phase
unbalance of AC side voltage.
Note: g) applies to three-phase four-wire power conversion system.
6.5.9 Testing of deviation of output frequency
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 5;
b) Adjust the battery simulator to simulate the battery’s discharge
characteristics. Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the grid-
off mode;
c) Under the rated output power conditions, set load as resistive, resistance-
inductivity (PF = 0.7) and resistance-capacitance (PF = 0.7), respectively.
Use a measuring device to measure and record the AC output frequency;
d) Use the formula (10) to calculate the frequency deviation rate of the power
conversion system in grid-off mode.
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in normal grid-on mode;
b) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system
can run continuously and normally, use every 10% of rated active power
as an interval to carry out test;
c) Adjust the inductive reactive power as output by the power conversion
system to the output limit of the inductive reactive power of the power
conversion system. Record at least two 1 min inductive reactive power
and active power data;
d) Adjust the capacitive reactive power as output from the power conversion
system to the output limit of the capacitive reactive power of the power
conversion system. Record at least two 1 min capacitive reactive power
and active power data;
e) Use each 0.2 s data to calculate the average value of reactive power. Use
each 0.2 s data to calculate the average value of active power. Use all the
calculated 0.2 s average power to draw the reactive power-active power
characteristic curve.
6.6.2.2 Testing of control capability of reactive power
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Control the active power output of the power conversion system to be 50%
Pn;
b) In the course of testing, it does not limit the change rate of reactive power
of the power conversion system. Set the QL and QC as the jump limit of
the reactive power output of the power conversion system;
c) According to the setting curve of Figure 7, control the reactive power of
the power conversion system. At the AC side of the power conversion
system, measure the timing sequence power. Use the average of each
0.2 s reactive power as a point, to draw the curve of measured power;
d) For calculation of regulation accuracy and response time of reactive power,
see Appendix B.
conversion system and the corresponding action frequency and action
time. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of 48.05 Hz, 49.45
Hz, the intermediate value of 48.05 Hz ~ 49.45 Hz.
c) Set the power conversion system to operate in the discharge state. Repeat
step b).
d) Set the power conversion system to operate in the discharge state. Adjust
the output voltage of the grid simulator to maintain the frequency of 50.25
Hz ~ 50.45 Hz for at least 4s. Record the operating state of the power
conversion system and the corresponding action frequency and action
time. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of 50.25 Hz, 50.45
Hz, the intermediate value of 50.25 Hz ~ 50.45 Hz.
e) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state. Repeat
step d).
6.7.2 Testing of voltage adaptability
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Adjust the output voltage of the grid simulator to change continuously
within 86%Un ~ 109%Un. Set the power conversion system to operate in
the charge state and the discharge state, respectively. The power
conversion system shall maintain grid-on operation. It shall carry out
testing at least at three points of intermediate values of 86%Un, 109%Un,
86%Un ~ 109%Un.
b) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state and the
discharge state, respectively. Adjust the output voltage of the grid
simulator to remain in the range of 111%Un ~ 119%Un for at least 4 s.
Record the operating state of the power conversion system and the
corresponding operating voltage and action time. It shall carry out testing
at least at three points of 111%Un, 119%Un, the intermediate value of
111%Un ~ 119%Un.
c) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state and the
discharge state, respectively. Adjust the output voltage of the grid
simulator to maintain at 121%Un for at least 4 s. Record the operating
state of the power conversion system and the corresponding operating
voltage and action time.
6.8 Testing of low voltage ride through capability
6.8.1 Preparation for testing
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
6.9.2 Testing procedures
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 11;
b) Close S1, S2. Start the power conversion system. By adjusting the battery
simulator, make the output power PEUT of the power conversion system be
equal to the rated AC output power. Measure the output reactive power
QEUT of power conversion system;
c) Adjust the inductive load so that the load value is equal to QL and satisfies
QL= Qf x PEUT = 1.0 × PEUT;
d) Adjust the capacitive load so that the load value is equal to QC and satisfies
QC = QEUT + QL;
e) Adjust the resistive load so that the load value is equal to the PEUT;
f) Adjust the RLC adjustable AC load so that the fundamental wave current
which flows through S1 is less than 1% of the rated output current of the
inverter at steady state, meanwhile the reactive power tends to zero;
g) Disconnect S1. Use the measuring device to record the waveform from
the disconnection of S1 to the point where the output current of the power
conversion system decreases and maintains below 1% of the rated output
current. Calculate the corresponding time interval;
h) According to the requirements of power deviation in Table 3, adjust the
resistance value, inductance value, capacitance value of the regulatable
AC load. Disconnect S1. Record the waveform from the disconnection of
S1 to the point where the output current of the power conversion system
decreases and maintains below 1% of the rated output current. Calculate
the corresponding time interval;
i) If the calculated time continues to rise, it shall continue enlarging the range
of deviation at the increment of 1%, until the calculated time under testing
shows a downward trend.
Note 1: In the course of testing, the quality factory Qf allows for a deviation of
not more than ±0.05, that is, Qf = 1 ± 0.05.
Note 2: For converters which have automatic grid-on and grid-off switching
functions, it requires shielding the automatic grid-on and grid-off switching
functions.
a) Reverse the polarity of the DC input of the power conversion system;
b) Start the power conversion system, which shall be able to detect the
reverse fault and protect it;
c) Record the state of the power conversion system.
6.11.3 Testing of DC overvoltage/undervoltage protection
6.11.3.1 Testing of DC overvoltage protection
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 2;
b) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the
power conversion system;
c) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the discharge mode.
The output power is the rated power;
d) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to increase to the DC input
overvoltage protection value. Use the measuring device to record the DC
overvoltage action value of the power conversion system and the time
from the moment of reaching the DC overvoltage to the protection action
of the power conversion system;
e) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the
converter, to confirm whether the power conversion system can be turned
on normally;
f) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the charge mode. Repeat
steps d) ~ e).
6.11.3.2 Testing of DC undervoltage protection
Testing shall be carried out as follows:
a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 2;
b) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the
power conversion system;
c) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the discharge mode and
the output power in the rated power;
d) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the DC input undervoltage
protection value. Use a measuring device to record the DC undervoltage
action value of the power conversion system and the time from the DC
c) After the power conversion system is powered on, the power conversion
system shall indicate the fault and limit the power conversion system to
start working. Record the state of power conversion system and indicate
the fault information;
d) Respectively reverse the phase sequence of the AC incoming lines A and
C, B and C. Repeat step c).
6.11.7 Testing of communication fault protection
The testing is performed in the startup state of the power conversion system.
Use the method of fault simulation method to cause communication fault
between the power conversion system and the monitoring system & the battery
management system, to check whether the converter can reliably alarm.
Record the alarm information and the operation state of the power conversion
system.
6.11.8 Testing of fault protection of cooling system
During testing, it may follow the requirements below to set the cooling system
to fault, one fault for each setting:
a) Under air-cooled conditions: Completely block or partially block the air inlet.
Record the state information of the power conversion system and the
abnormal situation during the testing process. Stall or disconnect the
cooling fan. Record the state information of the power conversion system
and abnormal situation during the testing process.
b) Under water cooling conditions: Stop or partially limit the operation of the
coolant system. Record the state information of the power conversion
system and the abnormal conditions during the testing process.
6.12 Testing of electromagnetic compatibility
6.12.1 Testing of electrostatic discharge immunity
The power conversion system may be operated under light load conditions. It
is tested according to the provisions of GB/T 17626.2 under the following
conditions:
a) Test voltage: Contact discharge 6 kV; air discharge 8 kV;
b) Test port: The whole enclosure;
c) The number of discharges per sensitive test point: 10 discharges for
positive polarity and 10 for negative polarity, at a discharge interval of at
least 1 s;
f) Performance criteria: B.
6.12.5 Testing of conducted disturbance immunity for RF field induction
Follow the provisions of GB/T 17626.6 to carry out testing under the following
conditions:
a) Frequency range: 0.15 MHz ~ 80 MHz;
b) Test field strength: 10 V/m (non-modulated);
c) Test port: Input and output power port, signal line;
d) Sine wave 1 kHz, 80% amplitude modulation;
e) Scanning frequency: ≤ 1%;
f) Performance criteria: A.
6.12.6 Testing of emissions
6.12.6.1 Conducted emissions
The power conversion system shall be operated at full load, in accordance with
the provisions of GB 4824, under the following conditions:
a) Test frequency band: 150 kHz ~ 30 MHz;
b) Test port: Input and output power port, signal line;
c) Test limit: According to the category-A or B limits in GB 4824.
Note: The current assessment limits for the testing of DC port conducted
emission as well as the specifications of the artificial power network are still
under discussion internationally. Before the official standard is released, it is
recommended to use the limit values in GB 4824 to assess the DC power port
(the port beyond the withstanding voltage limit of artificial power network may
be measured by a voltage probe).
6.12.6.2 Radiated emission
The power conversion system shall be operated at full load, with reference to
GB 4824, under the following conditions:
a) Test frequency band: 30 MHz ~ 1000 MHz;
b) Test port: The whole enclosure;
c) Test limit: Refer to category-A or B limits in GB 4824.
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