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GB/T 34133-2023 English PDF (GB/T 34133-2017)

GB/T 34133-2023_English: PDF (GB/T34133-2023)
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GB/T 34133-2023English800 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Testing code for power conversion system of energy storage system Valid GB/T 34133-2023
GB/T 34133-2017English555 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery [Including 2018XG1] Testing code for power converter of electrochemical energy storage system Obsolete GB/T 34133-2017


BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 34133-2023 (GB/T34133-2023)
Description (Translated English) Testing code for power conversion system of energy storage system
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard F19
Classification of International Standard 27.180
Word Count Estimation 54,551
Date of Issue 2023-12-28
Date of Implementation 2024-07-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) GB/T 34133-2017
Drafting Organization China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd., Huawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization National Electric Power Storage Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 550)
Proposing organization China Electricity Council
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration

BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 34133-2017 (GB/T34133-2017)
Description (Translated English) [Including 2018XG1] Testing code for power converter of electrochemical energy storage system
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard F19
Classification of International Standard 27.180
Word Count Estimation 46,462
Date of Issue 2017-07-31
Date of Implementation 2018-02-01
Drafting Organization China Electric Power Research Institute, Sunshine Power Co., Ltd., Beijing Group Ling Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Xu Ji Power Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization China Electricity Council
Proposing organization China Electricity Council
Issuing agency(ies) General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China, China National Standardization Administration Committee


GB/T 34133-2023 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 CCS F 19 Replacing GB/T 34133-2017 Testing Code for Power Conversion System of Energy Storage System ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023 IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 6 2 Normative References ... 6 3 Terms, Definitions and Symbols ... 8 4 General Requirements ... 8 5 Detection Conditions ... 9 6 Detection Instruments and Equipment ... 9 7 Appearance Inspection and Protection Degree Detection ... 16 8 Basic Function Detection ... 17 9 Electrical Performance Detection ... 25 10 Safety Performance Detection ... 66 11 Electromagnetic Compatibility Detection ... 77 12 Auxiliary System Detection ... 80 13 Marking and Packaging Detection ... 81 Appendix A (normative) Calculation Methods for Active Power Control Response Time, Regulation time and Control Deviation Parameters ... 83 Testing Code for Power Conversion System of Energy Storage System 1 Scope This document specifies the detection methods for the appearance inspection and protection degree, basic functions, electrical performance, safety performance, electromagnetic compatibility, auxiliary systems, marking and packaging of electrochemical energy storage converters, as well as detection conditions, and detection instruments and equipment, etc. This document is applicable to the design, manufacturing, testing, detection, operation, maintenance and overhaul of energy storage converters with electrochemical cells as the energy storage carrier, and AC port voltage of 35 kV and below. 2 Normative References The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 2423.3 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Testing Method - Test Cab: Damp Heat, Steady State GB/T 2423.4 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Method - Test Db: Damp Heat, Cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle) GB/T 2423.18 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Kb: Salt Mist, Cyclic (sodium chloride solution) GB/T 2424.6 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Confirmation of the Performance of Temperature / Humidity Chambers GB/T 4208 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP code) GB 4824 Industrial, Scientific and Medical Equipment - Radio-frequency Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement GB/T 4857.10 Packaging - Basic Tests for Transport Packages - Part 10: Sinusoidal Vibration Test Method Using at Variable Vibration Frequency GB/T 6092 Squares GB/T 9286 Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut Test C---boost capacitor; R---damping resistor; S1---bypass switch; S2---short-circuit switch. Figure 3 -- Continuous Fault Generation Device 6.4 Battery Simulation Device The battery simulation device shall satisfy the following requirements: a) The output voltage deviation value is less than 0.1% of the maximum DC voltage of the energy storage converter under test, and the adjustable step size is not greater than 0.1% of the maximum DC voltage or 0.5 V, whichever is greater; b) The output current deviation value is less than 0.1% of the maximum DC current of the energy storage converter under test, and the adjustable step size is not greater than 0.1% of the maximum DC current or 0.5 A, whichever is greater; c) The voltage response time is not greater than 20 ms; d) The dynamic voltage transient value is less than 10% of the voltage set value; e) Electric energy can flow in both directions; f) The rated power is not less than 1.2 times the rated power of the energy storage converter under test; g) The maximum output voltage is not less than 1.05 times the maximum DC voltage of the energy storage converter under test; h) It can simulate the charge and discharge characteristics of electrochemical batteries, and should be able to set parameters, such as: battery type, battery nominal voltage and battery capacity, etc. 6.5 AC Load The AC load shall satisfy the following requirements: a) Resistive, inductive and capacitive loads can be independently controlled; b) The load uses non-inductive resistors, low-consumption inductors and capacitors with low series effective internal resistance and low series effective inductance; c) The rated power is not less than 1.2 times the rated power of the energy storage converter under test; d) The rated voltage is not less than the rated voltage of the energy storage converter under test. NOTE: AC load also uses load sources, for example, electronic load. 6.6 Temperature Detection Equipment The temperature detection equipment shall satisfy the following requirements: a) The data storage capacity can store all temperature data during the detection process; b) The number of temperature measurement channels can satisfy the number of temperature measurement points arranged; c) The temperature measurement range of the temperature measurement channels satisfies 40 C ~ 160 C, and the temperature measurement accuracy is not lower than 0.5 C; d) The time base signals of each temperature measurement channel are unified; e) The sampling frequency is not lower than 1 Hz. 6.7 Signal Generation and Collection Device The signal generation and collection device shall satisfy the following requirements: a) Equipped with communication interfaces and functions, such as: CAN, RS-485 and network port, etc.; b) Support corresponding communication protocols, issue control signals, collect and display communication data; c) Equipped with CAN baud rate selection and configuration function. The baud rate includes gear selections of 250 kbps, 500 kbps and 1,000 kbps, etc.; d) Equipped with RS-485 serial port baud rate selection and configuration function. The baud rate includes gear selections of 9,600 bps, 19,200 bps and 115,200 bps, etc.; e) Equipped with network port baud rate selection and configuration function. The baud rate includes gear selections of 100 M bps and 1 gigabit bps, etc. 6.8 Temperature / Humidity Test Chamber The temperature / humidity test chamber shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 2424.6 6.9 Salt Mist Detection Equipment The salt mist detection equipment shall satisfy the requirements of GB/T 2423.18. d) Neatness, standardization and correctness of characters and symbols. 7.2 Protection Degree The protection degree detection is carried out in accordance with the method specified in GB/T 4208. NOTE: when test conditions are not available, the method of providing a sample cabinet is used for equivalent detection. 8 Basic Function Detection 8.1 Start and Stop The start and stop detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode; c) Through the signal generation and collection device, or energy storage converter control panel, issue a command of starting to the energy storage converter; d) After the energy storage converter is started, set the active power of the energy storage converter to operate at the rated power. When the output power of the energy storage converter rises to the rated power, maintain the rated power running for 2 minutes and issue a command of stopping to the energy storage converter; e) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the effective active power value of the AC port of the energy storage converter from the issuance of the command of starting to stopping with a cycle of 200 ms, and draw the active power - time curve; f) Calculate the time from the moment when the command of starting is issued to the moment when 90%Pn is firstly reached, and calculate the time from the moment when the command of stopping is issued to the moment when 10%Pn is firstly reached; g) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c) ~ f). Q1 and Q2; b) Reverse the connection of the phase sequence of any two phases of the AC port incoming line of the energy storage converter; c) Connect switches Q1 and Q2 to start the energy storage converter; d) Record the operating status and alarm information of the energy storage converter; e) Check whether the energy storage converter has AC incoming line phase sequence error alarm and protection functions; f) Disconnect switches Q1 and Q2; g) Positively connect the AC port incoming line phase sequence of the energy storage converter; h) Connect switches Q1 and Q2 to start the energy storage converter; i) Record the operating status and alarm reset status of the energy storage converter; j) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates after the AC incoming line phase sequence is positively connected. 8.2.3 DC voltage 8.2.3.1 DC overvoltage The DC overvoltage alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode; c) Set the energy storage converter to operate at no less than 10%Pn; d) Starting from 95% of the DC overvoltage protection set value of the energy storage converter, take 0.5% of the maximum DC voltage as the regulation step size, adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device, and rise, until the DC overvoltage protection of the energy storage converter is activated; e) Record the DC overvoltage protection action value and alarm information of the energy storage converter; f) Check whether the energy storage converter has DC overvoltage alarm and protection functions; g) Adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device to the normal operating DC voltage range of the energy storage converter, and check the operating status and alarm reset of the energy storage converter; h) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates when it is within the normal operating DC voltage range; i) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c) ~ h). 8.2.3.2 DC undervoltage DC undervoltage alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode; c) Set the energy storage converter to operate at no less than 10%Pn; d) Starting from 105% of the DC undervoltage protection set value of the energy storage converter, take 0.5% of the maximum DC voltage as the regulation step size, adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device, and reduce it, until the DC undervoltage protection of the energy storage converter is activated; e) Record the DC undervoltage protection action value and alarm information of the energy storage converter; f) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with DC undervoltage alarm and protection functions; g) Adjust the output voltage of the battery simulation device to the normal operating DC voltage range of the energy storage converter, and check the operating status and alarm reset of the energy storage converter; h) Check whether the energy storage converter normally operates within the normal operating DC voltage range; i) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c) ~ h). 8.2.4 Overcurrent 8.2.4.1 AC port The AC port overcurrent alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with h) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to charge mode and repeat steps c) ~ g). 8.2.5 Overtemperature The overtemperature alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode; c) Stop or limit the operation of part of the cooling system to generate overtemperature conditions, and reach the overtemperature limit; or by heating the temperature detection element to the protection action point; or by reducing the overtemperature protection limit, simulate the overtemperature conditions; d) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information; e) Check whether the energy storage converter has overtemperature alarm and protection functions. 8.2.6 Communication fault The communication fault alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode; c) Manually disconnect the energy storage converter from the signal generation and collection device to simulate a communication fault; d) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information; e) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with communication fault alarm and protection functions. 8.2.7 Cooling system fault The cooling system fault alarm and protection detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode; c) Set the active power of the energy storage converter to operate at the rated power, until the cooling system operates; d) Control the energy storage converter to shut down; e) Stop or partially limit the operation of the cooling system; f) Set the active power of the energy storage converter to operate at the rated power; g) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information; h) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with cooling system fault alarm and protection functions. 8.3 Insulation Resistance Monitoring The insulation resistance monitoring function detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 5, connect the detection circuit, and disconnect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode or charge mode; c) Adjust the impedance of the adjustable resistor to 90%Vdc_max/30 mA; d) Connect the grounding switch K1, so that the positive terminal of the DC port of the energy storage converter is grounded through the adjustable resistor; e) Connect switches Q1 and Q2; f) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulation device to the maximum DC voltage value of the energy storage converter, and start the energy storage converter; g) Record the energy storage converter operating status and alarm information; h) Check whether the energy storage converter is equipped with insulation resistance monitoring function; i) Disconnect switches Q1 and Q2, and disconnect the grounding switch K1; j) Connect K2, so that the negative terminal of the DC port of the energy storage converter is grounded through the adjustable resistor and repeat steps e) ~ h). The data display, statistics and storage function detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) Check and record the operating status, operating parameters, protection parameters and event records of the energy storage converter during the detection process in 8.1; b) Through the query function, check and record the fault information during the detection process of 8.2 and 8.3; c) Through the query function, check and record the statistical information of the charge energy and discharge energy of the energy storage converter. 9 Electrical Performance Detection 9.1 Power Output Range The power output range detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Starting from the maximum charge power of the active power of the AC port of the energy storage converter, take 10%Pn as the step size, set the active power of the AC port of the energy storage converter to the maximum discharge power. At each active power set value, successively set the energy storage converter to output the maximum inductive reactive power and the maximum capacitive reactive power, and operate for 2 minutes at each reactive power point; c) Utilize the data acquisition deice to record the effective values of the reactive power and active power of the AC port of the energy storage converter with a cycle of 20 ms; d) Take the last 1 min data of each 2 min data to calculate the average active power P60s and the average reactive power Q60s; e) In accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 34120, calculate the reactive power reference value Qref corresponding to each active power average value P60s; f) Calculate the difference between the average reactive power value and the reactive power reference value for each active power set value; g) In the first and second quadrants, if the difference is positive, it can be judged that the power output satisfies the requirements. In the third and fourth quadrants, if the difference is negative, it can be judged that the power output satisfies the requirements. 9.2 Active Power Control voltage / reactive power control parameters; e) Adjust the power grid simulation device, so that the AC port voltage of the energy storage converter steps from Un to 91%Un and continuously operates for 2 minutes, then, returns to Un and continuously operates for 2 minutes; f) Set the reactive power control mode of the energy storage converter online to power factor control, with a power factor of 0.95, and continuously operate for 2 minutes; g) Set the reactive power control mode of the energy storage converter online to constant reactive power control, the reactive power is 20% of the rated power, and continuously operate for 2 minutes; h) Utilize the data acquisition device to record the effective values of the AC port voltage and reactive power, and power factor of the energy storage converter in a cycle of 20 ms; i) Draw the voltage - reactive power and voltage - power factor curves; j) Check the online switching of the energy storage converter reactive control mode. 9.6 Overload Capability The overload capability detection shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps: a) In accordance with Figure 4, connect the detection circuit, and connect switches Q1 and Q2; b) Set the energy storage converter operating mode to discharge mode; c) Adjust the output voltage of the power grid simulation device to the rated voltage of the AC port of the energy storage converter; d) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually increase to 110% of the rated current, and maintain the operation at 110% of the rated current for 10 minutes; e) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually reduce to the rated current, and maintain the operation at the rated current for 2 minutes; f) Set the output current of the energy storage converter to gradually increase to 120% of the rated current, and maintain the operation at 120% of the rated current for 1 minute; g) Utilize the data acquisition device to synchronously record the effective values of the AC port voltage and current of the energy storage converter in a cycle of 200 ms, and draw a current - time curve; ......


GB/T 34133-2017 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 F 19 Testing code for power converter of electrochemical energy storage system ISSUED ON: JULY 31, 2017 IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2018 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC; Standardization Administration of PRC. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 4  2 Normative references ... 4  3 Terms and definitions ... 5  4 Testing conditions ... 7  5 Testing devices ... 8  6 Test items ... 11  Appendix A (Informative) Testing record ... 46  Appendix B (Normative) Determination method for the control response time and control accuracy of setting power ... 58  Appendix C (Normative) Testing rules ... 61  Testing code for power converter of electrochemical energy storage system 1 Scope This standard specifies the testing items, testing conditions, testing devices, testing procedures of power converter of electrochemical energy storage system. This standard is applicable to low-voltage three-phase power conversion system which uses electrochemical battery as energy storage carrier and which has a DC side voltage of not more than 1000 V. 2 Normative references The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) are applicable to this standard. GB/T 2423.1 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold GB/T 2423.2 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat GB/T 2423.3 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Testing method test Cab: Damp heat Steady state GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle) GB/T 3859.1 Semiconductor converters - General requirements and line commutated converters - Part 1-1: Specification of basic requirements GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529: 2001) GB 4793.1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements GB 4824 Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Electromagnetic disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement GB/T 7251.1 Low-voltage switchgear and control gear assemblies - Part 5: Particular requirements for assemblies for power distribution in public networks GB/T 12325 Power quality - Deviation of supply voltage GB/T 13422 Semiconductor converters - Electrical test methods GB/T 14549 Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply network GB/T 15543 Quality of electric energy supply - Admissible three-phase voltage unbalance factor GB/T 15945 Power quality - Frequency deviation for power system GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test GB/T 17626.3 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test GB/T 17626.6 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio- frequency fields GB/T 17626.15 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Flicker meter - Functional and design specifications GB/T 20840.2 Instrument transformers - Part 2: Supplementary technical requirements for current transformers GB/T 20840.3 Instrument transformers - Part 3: Supplementary technical requirements for electromagnetic voltage transformers 3 Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. Grid simulator A controllable AC power supply that simulates the output characteristics of the grid. 3.8 Transfer time between charge and discharge The time required for the energy storage system to switch between the state of charge and the state of discharge. Generally, it refers to the average time as required to switch from the charge state at 90% rated power to the discharge state at 90% rated power and the time as required to switch from the discharge state at 90% rated power to the charge state at 90% rated power. 4 Testing conditions 4.1 Environmental conditions Testing shall be carried out under the following environmental conditions: a) Ambient temperature: 20 °C ~ 30 °C; b) Relative humidity: ≤ 90%; c) Ambient air pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa. 4.2 Electrical conditions 4.2.1 Quality conditions of grid power Testing shall be performed under the following quality conditions of grid power: a) The total distortion rate of voltage harmonics shall meet the requirements of GB/T 14549; b) The deviation of grid frequency shall meet the requirements of GB/T 15945; c) The deviation of grid voltage shall meet the requirements of GB/T 12325; d) The three-phase unbalance of the grid voltage shall meet the requirements of GB/T 15543. 4.2.2 Electrical safety requirements The electrical safety of the test site shall meet the requirements of GB 4793.1. 5.4 DC power supply In addition to the voltage and current accuracy requirements specified in 5.1, the DC power supply shall meet the following requirements: a) The voltage’s regulation range shall cover the operating voltage range of the tested power conversion system. The power shall be at least 1.2 times the rated power of the tested power conversion system; b) The voltage’s response time shall not exceed 20 ms; c) The dynamic voltage transient shall be less than ±10% of the set point of voltage. 5.5 Battery simulator The battery simulator shall meet at least the following requirements: a) It shall meet the requirements of 5.4; b) The energy shall be able to flow in both directions; c) It shall be able to simulate the charge and discharge characteristics of the electrochemical battery. It should set the battery type, battery pack’s nominal voltage, battery pack’s capacity, and other parameters. 5.6 DC load The DC load shall meet at least the following requirements: a) It has adjustable resistance and can realize closed-loop control of voltage and current; b) Adjust the current change step as generated by the load, which shall not exceed 0.01 A; c) The allowable current at each voltage point shall be more than the maximum current of the power conversion system; d) It should use the passive components. 5.7 Island simulation load In addition to the voltage and current accuracy requirements as specified in 5.1 of this standard, the island simulation load shall also meet the following functional and performance requirements: a) The regulation accuracy of resistive load, inductive load, capacitive load shall not exceed 0.2%. The adjustment step shall not exceed 0.05% of system is the maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage range; d) Measure the actual current value at the DC side of the power conversion system. Use the formula (2) to calculate the current error of the power conversion system; e) Fill the calculation results in the corresponding Tables in Appendix A. Where: ΔI - Error of output current; IZ - Measured current value; IZ0 - Output current setting as set. 6.1.3.2 Testing of stabilized current precision of constant current charge Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 2. Adjust the tested power conversion system to work in constant current charge state. b) Set the DC side current of the power conversion system to be 100%, 50%, 10% of the DC rated current, respectively. c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator or resistive load, so that the DC side voltage of the power conversion system changes within its DC voltage range, the change step is 20% of the DC voltage range of the tested power conversion system. Each step is kept at least 10 s. Record the DC current data in the course of charge, to obtain the maximum DC current fluctuation IM during the load change. d) Use the formula (3) to calculate the stabilized current precision. Where: δI - Stabilized current precision; IM - Maximum output current fluctuation, in ampere (A); IZ - Output current setting, in ampere (A). b) Set the DC side voltage of the tested power conversion system to its maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage range; c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator or resistive load, so that the DC side current is 100%, 50%, 10% of the rated value of DC current, respectively; d) Measure the actual voltage value of the DC side of the power conversion system. Use the formula (6) to calculate the voltage error of the power conversion system; e) Fill the calculation results in the corresponding Tables in Appendix A. Where: ΔU - The error of output voltage; UZ - The measured voltage value; UZ0 - The output voltage setting as set. 6.1.3.5 Testing of stabilized voltage precision of constant voltage charge Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 2. Adjust the tested power conversion system to operate it under constant voltage charge state; b) Set the DC side voltage of the tested power conversion system to its maximum, intermediate, minimum values of the DC voltage range; c) Connect the battery simulator or resistive load. Adjust the battery simulator or resistive load, so that the DC current of the power conversion system changes under 0% ~ 100% of DC rated current. The change step is 20% of DC rated current. The holding time of each step shall not be less than 10 s. Measure the maximum fluctuation value UM of the DC side voltage; d) Use the formula (7) to calculate the stabilized voltage precision of constant voltage charge. Where: δU - Stabilized voltage precision; conversion system 6.3.2 Testing of rectification efficiency Set the tested power conversion system to the grid-on operation status and follow the procedures below to carry out testing: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4. Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the rectification state; b) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the upper limit of the regulation range of DC voltage; c) Make the tested power conversion system run based on each 10% of rated power as an interval; d) Use the data acquisition device to record the active power on the AC side and the active power on the DC side; e) Use the formula (10) to calculate the rectification efficiency of the tested power conversion system; f) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the intermediate value and the lower limit of the regulation range of DC voltage. Repeat steps c) ~ e). Where: η1 - Rectification efficiency; pDC - DC output power, in watts (W); pAC - AC input power, in watts (W). 6.3.3 Testing of inversion efficiency According to the operating mode of the tested power conversion system, set the corresponding grid-on/grid-off state. Follow the procedures below to carry out the following testing: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4. Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the inversion state; b) Adjust the DC side voltage of the power conversion system to the upper limit of the regulation range of DC voltage. Adjust the output voltage of the IAC - The AC side current value of the power conversion system. Note: The standby state is that the power conversion system is in the hot standby state. 6.3.4.2 Testing of no-load loss The testing of no-load loss shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 4; b) Make the power conversion system in no-load state; c) Measure the DC side voltage and current data. Use the formula (13) to calculate the no-load loss (13). Where: Pnoload - The no-load power loss of the power conversion system; UDC - The DC side voltage of the power conversion system; IDC - The DC current value of the power conversion system. Note: The no-load state is that the power conversion system is grid-off without load. 6.4 Testing of overload capability Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) The testing method shall meet the requirements specified in GB/T 13422; b) Control the AC side voltage of the power conversion system to be the rated voltage, the AC side current is 110% of the rated current. Hold for 10 min; c) Control the AC side voltage of the power conversion system to be the rated voltage, the AC side current is 120% of the rated current. Hold for 1 min. 6.5 Testing of power quality 6.5.1 Testing of current harmonics Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality measuring device; to the resistive load. Follow the requirements of items a) ~ f) in 6.5.1, carry out testing for the voltage harmonics. 6.5.3 Testing of inter-current harmonics Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) At AC output side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality measuring device; b) Set the power conversion system to operate in a discharge state; c) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system runs continuously and normally, use 10% of the rated power of the power conversion system as an interval; make continuous measurement for 10 min per interval; d) According to formula (16), take the time window Tw to measure and calculate the effective value of the inter-current harmonic center subgroup; use the effective value of the 15 inter-current harmonic center subgroups within 3 s to calculate the root-mean-square value; e) Calculate the root-mean-square value of each 3 s inter-current harmonic center subgroups as included in 10 min; f) The highest measured frequency of inter-current harmonics shall reach 2 kHz; g) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charging state, repeat steps c) ~ f). Note: The effective value of the hth inter-harmonic center subgroup; Where: C10h+i - The effective value of the (10h + i)th root spectral component corresponding to the DFT output. 6.5.4 Testing of inter-voltage harmonics The power conversion system is, under the grid-off operation mode, connected to the resistive load. Follow the requirements of items a) ~ f) of 6.5.3 to test the inter-voltage harmonics. 6.5.5 Testing of flicker 6.5.6.1 Grid-on three-phase unbalance Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Set the power conversion system to work in the grid-on mode discharge state; b) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality measuring device; c) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system runs continuously and normally, use 10% of the rated power of power conversion system as an interval. In each interval, make continuous measurement of the current data for 10 min. Starting from the interval, use the formula (17) to calculate the root-mean-square value at the time period of 3 s. Calculate the root-mean-square value of 200 time period of 3 s in total; d) Respective, record the 95% probability large value of the measured value of the negative sequence current imbalance as well as the maximum value of all measured values; e) Set the power conversion system to work in the grid-on mode. Repeat the steps b) ~ d). Where: εk - The current or voltage imbalance as measured at the kth time within 3 s; m - The number of values taken at uniform interval within 3 s, (m ≥ 6). 6.5.6.2 Grid-off three-phase unbalance When the power conversion system is operated grid-off, follow the requirements of items a) ~ d) in 6.5.6.1 to test the three-phase voltage unbalance. 6.5.7 Testing of DC component Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) At the AC side of the power conversion system, connect the power quality measuring device; b) Adjust the output rated power at the AC side of the power conversion Where: Uδ - Deviation rate of output voltage; Ure - Actual output voltage, in volts (V); UN - Rated output voltage, in volts (V). f) Under the condition of minimum voltage at DC side, connect any two phases of the AC side of the power conversion system to a resistive load which has a rated power of 33% of the power conversion system. The other phase is not connected to the load. Use a measuring device to measure and record the voltage value at AC side. Calculate the three- phase unbalance of AC side voltage. g) Under the condition of minimum voltage on the DC side, connect any phase at the AC side of the power conversion system to the resistive load of 33% of the rated power of the power conversion system. The other two phases are not connected to the load. Use a measuring device to measure and record the voltage value at AC side. Calculate the three-phase unbalance of AC side voltage. Note: g) applies to three-phase four-wire power conversion system. 6.5.9 Testing of deviation of output frequency Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit according to Figure 5; b) Adjust the battery simulator to simulate the battery’s discharge characteristics. Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the grid- off mode; c) Under the rated output power conditions, set load as resistive, resistance- inductivity (PF = 0.7) and resistance-capacitance (PF = 0.7), respectively. Use a measuring device to measure and record the AC output frequency; d) Use the formula (10) to calculate the frequency deviation rate of the power conversion system in grid-off mode. Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in normal grid-on mode; b) Starting from the minimum power at which the power conversion system can run continuously and normally, use every 10% of rated active power as an interval to carry out test; c) Adjust the inductive reactive power as output by the power conversion system to the output limit of the inductive reactive power of the power conversion system. Record at least two 1 min inductive reactive power and active power data; d) Adjust the capacitive reactive power as output from the power conversion system to the output limit of the capacitive reactive power of the power conversion system. Record at least two 1 min capacitive reactive power and active power data; e) Use each 0.2 s data to calculate the average value of reactive power. Use each 0.2 s data to calculate the average value of active power. Use all the calculated 0.2 s average power to draw the reactive power-active power characteristic curve. 6.6.2.2 Testing of control capability of reactive power Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Control the active power output of the power conversion system to be 50% Pn; b) In the course of testing, it does not limit the change rate of reactive power of the power conversion system. Set the QL and QC as the jump limit of the reactive power output of the power conversion system; c) According to the setting curve of Figure 7, control the reactive power of the power conversion system. At the AC side of the power conversion system, measure the timing sequence power. Use the average of each 0.2 s reactive power as a point, to draw the curve of measured power; d) For calculation of regulation accuracy and response time of reactive power, see Appendix B. conversion system and the corresponding action frequency and action time. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of 48.05 Hz, 49.45 Hz, the intermediate value of 48.05 Hz ~ 49.45 Hz. c) Set the power conversion system to operate in the discharge state. Repeat step b). d) Set the power conversion system to operate in the discharge state. Adjust the output voltage of the grid simulator to maintain the frequency of 50.25 Hz ~ 50.45 Hz for at least 4s. Record the operating state of the power conversion system and the corresponding action frequency and action time. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of 50.25 Hz, 50.45 Hz, the intermediate value of 50.25 Hz ~ 50.45 Hz. e) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state. Repeat step d). 6.7.2 Testing of voltage adaptability Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Adjust the output voltage of the grid simulator to change continuously within 86%Un ~ 109%Un. Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state and the discharge state, respectively. The power conversion system shall maintain grid-on operation. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of intermediate values of 86%Un, 109%Un, 86%Un ~ 109%Un. b) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state and the discharge state, respectively. Adjust the output voltage of the grid simulator to remain in the range of 111%Un ~ 119%Un for at least 4 s. Record the operating state of the power conversion system and the corresponding operating voltage and action time. It shall carry out testing at least at three points of 111%Un, 119%Un, the intermediate value of 111%Un ~ 119%Un. c) Set the power conversion system to operate in the charge state and the discharge state, respectively. Adjust the output voltage of the grid simulator to maintain at 121%Un for at least 4 s. Record the operating state of the power conversion system and the corresponding operating voltage and action time. 6.8 Testing of low voltage ride through capability 6.8.1 Preparation for testing Testing shall be carried out as follows: 6.9.2 Testing procedures Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 11; b) Close S1, S2. Start the power conversion system. By adjusting the battery simulator, make the output power PEUT of the power conversion system be equal to the rated AC output power. Measure the output reactive power QEUT of power conversion system; c) Adjust the inductive load so that the load value is equal to QL and satisfies QL= Qf x PEUT = 1.0 × PEUT; d) Adjust the capacitive load so that the load value is equal to QC and satisfies QC = QEUT + QL; e) Adjust the resistive load so that the load value is equal to the PEUT; f) Adjust the RLC adjustable AC load so that the fundamental wave current which flows through S1 is less than 1% of the rated output current of the inverter at steady state, meanwhile the reactive power tends to zero; g) Disconnect S1. Use the measuring device to record the waveform from the disconnection of S1 to the point where the output current of the power conversion system decreases and maintains below 1% of the rated output current. Calculate the corresponding time interval; h) According to the requirements of power deviation in Table 3, adjust the resistance value, inductance value, capacitance value of the regulatable AC load. Disconnect S1. Record the waveform from the disconnection of S1 to the point where the output current of the power conversion system decreases and maintains below 1% of the rated output current. Calculate the corresponding time interval; i) If the calculated time continues to rise, it shall continue enlarging the range of deviation at the increment of 1%, until the calculated time under testing shows a downward trend. Note 1: In the course of testing, the quality factory Qf allows for a deviation of not more than ±0.05, that is, Qf = 1 ± 0.05. Note 2: For converters which have automatic grid-on and grid-off switching functions, it requires shielding the automatic grid-on and grid-off switching functions. a) Reverse the polarity of the DC input of the power conversion system; b) Start the power conversion system, which shall be able to detect the reverse fault and protect it; c) Record the state of the power conversion system. 6.11.3 Testing of DC overvoltage/undervoltage protection 6.11.3.1 Testing of DC overvoltage protection Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 2; b) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the power conversion system; c) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the discharge mode. The output power is the rated power; d) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to increase to the DC input overvoltage protection value. Use the measuring device to record the DC overvoltage action value of the power conversion system and the time from the moment of reaching the DC overvoltage to the protection action of the power conversion system; e) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the converter, to confirm whether the power conversion system can be turned on normally; f) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the charge mode. Repeat steps d) ~ e). 6.11.3.2 Testing of DC undervoltage protection Testing shall be carried out as follows: a) Connect the testing circuit as shown in Figure 2; b) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the rated DC voltage of the power conversion system; c) Adjust the power conversion system to operate in the discharge mode and the output power in the rated power; d) Adjust the voltage of the battery simulator to the DC input undervoltage protection value. Use a measuring device to record the DC undervoltage action value of the power conversion system and the time from the DC c) After the power conversion system is powered on, the power conversion system shall indicate the fault and limit the power conversion system to start working. Record the state of power conversion system and indicate the fault information; d) Respectively reverse the phase sequence of the AC incoming lines A and C, B and C. Repeat step c). 6.11.7 Testing of communication fault protection The testing is performed in the startup state of the power conversion system. Use the method of fault simulation method to cause communication fault between the power conversion system and the monitoring system & the battery management system, to check whether the converter can reliably alarm. Record the alarm information and the operation state of the power conversion system. 6.11.8 Testing of fault protection of cooling system During testing, it may follow the requirements below to set the cooling system to fault, one fault for each setting: a) Under air-cooled conditions: Completely block or partially block the air inlet. Record the state information of the power conversion system and the abnormal situation during the testing process. Stall or disconnect the cooling fan. Record the state information of the power conversion system and abnormal situation during the testing process. b) Under water cooling conditions: Stop or partially limit the operation of the coolant system. Record the state information of the power conversion system and the abnormal conditions during the testing process. 6.12 Testing of electromagnetic compatibility 6.12.1 Testing of electrostatic discharge immunity The power conversion system may be operated under light load conditions. It is tested according to the provisions of GB/T 17626.2 under the following conditions: a) Test voltage: Contact discharge 6 kV; air discharge 8 kV; b) Test port: The whole enclosure; c) The number of discharges per sensitive test point: 10 discharges for positive polarity and 10 for negative polarity, at a discharge interval of at least 1 s; f) Performance criteria: B. 6.12.5 Testing of conducted disturbance immunity for RF field induction Follow the provisions of GB/T 17626.6 to carry out testing under the following conditions: a) Frequency range: 0.15 MHz ~ 80 MHz; b) Test field strength: 10 V/m (non-modulated); c) Test port: Input and output power port, signal line; d) Sine wave 1 kHz, 80% amplitude modulation; e) Scanning frequency: ≤ 1%; f) Performance criteria: A. 6.12.6 Testing of emissions 6.12.6.1 Conducted emissions The power conversion system shall be operated at full load, in accordance with the provisions of GB 4824, under the following conditions: a) Test frequency band: 150 kHz ~ 30 MHz; b) Test port: Input and output power port, signal line; c) Test limit: According to the category-A or B limits in GB 4824. Note: The current assessment limits for the testing of DC port conducted emission as well as the specifications of the artificial power network are still under discussion internationally. Before the official standard is released, it is recommended to use the limit values in GB 4824 to assess the DC power port (the port beyond the withstanding voltage limit of artificial power network may be measured by a voltage probe). 6.12.6.2 Radiated emission The power conversion system shall be operated at full load, with reference to GB 4824, under the following conditions: a) Test frequency band: 30 MHz ~ 1000 MHz; b) Test port: The whole enclosure; c) Test limit: Refer to category-A or B limits in GB 4824. ......

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