GB/T 31270.9: Evolution and historical versions
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(Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 9: Avian short-term dietary toxicity test)
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Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides - Part 9: Avian Acute Toxicity Test
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 31270.9-2025 (GB/T31270.9-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | (Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 9: Avian short-term dietary toxicity test) | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Date of Implementation | 2026-05-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 31270.9-2014 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China | GB/T 31270.9-2014: Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides - Part 9: Avian Acute Toxicity Test
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides.Part 9. Avian acute toxicity test
ICS 65.100
B13
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Chemical pesticide environmental safety evaluation test criteria
Part 9. Acute toxicity test for birds
pesticides-Part 9.Avianacutetoxicitytest
Released on.2014-10-10
2015-03-11 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Foreword
GB/T 31270 "Testing criteria for environmental safety assessment of chemical pesticides" is divided into 21 parts.
--- Part 1. Soil degradation test;
--- Part 2. hydrolysis test;
--- Part 3. Photolysis test;
---Part 4. Soil adsorption/desorption test;
---Part 5. Soil leaching test;
---Part 6. Volatile test;
--- Part 7. Bioaccumulation test;
--- Part 8. Water-sediment system degradation test;
---Part 9. Acute toxicity test for birds;
--- Part 10. Acute toxicity test of bees;
--- Part 11. Acute toxicity test of silkworm;
--- Part 12. Acute toxicity test of fish;
--- Part 13. Inhibition test for acute activity of mites;
---Part 14. Algae growth inhibition test;
---Part 15. Acute toxicity test;
---Part 16. Soil microbial toxicity test;
--- Part 17. Acute toxicity test of the natural enemy Trichogramma;
--- Part 18. Acute toxicity test of natural enemies;
--- Part 19. Non-target plant impact test;
--- Part 20. Short-term feeding toxicity test for livestock;
--- Part 21. Large crustacean biological toxicity test.
This part is the ninth part of GB/T 31270.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document is not responsible for identifying these patents.
This part is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China.
This section is responsible for drafting units. the Institute of Pesticide Control of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
The main drafters of this section. Han Zhihua, Song Weihua, Shan Zhengjun, Zhou Junying, Zhao Xueping, He Weizhi, Zhang Baolan, Liu Feng, Cai Daoji.
Chemical pesticide environmental safety evaluation test criteria
Part 9. Acute toxicity test for birds
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 31270 specifies the materials, conditions, operation and quality of acute oral toxicity test and acute feeding toxicity test for birds.
Basic requirements for quantity control, data processing, test reports, etc.
This section applies to acute oral toxicity tests and acute feeding toxicity tests for birds registered for chemical pesticides. Other types
Pesticides can be used as reference.
This section does not apply to chemical pesticides that are volatile and difficult to dissolve.
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
2.1
Semilethal dose medianlethaldose
In the acute oral toxicity test, the dose of the test substance which caused 50% of the test organisms to die was expressed by LD50.
Note. The unit is mga.i./kg body weight.
2.2
Semilethal concentration medianlethalconcentration
In the acute feeding toxicity test, the concentration of the test substance in the feed when 50% of the test organisms died was expressed by LC50.
Note. The unit is mga.i./kg feed.
2.3
Testsubstance
The substance to be tested in the test.
2.4
Chemical pesticide
A pesticide artificially synthesized using chemical substances. Some of them use the active substances in natural products as the mother body for imitation and structural transformation.
Innovative, it is a biomimetic synthetic pesticide.
Synonym. synthetic synthetic pesticide syntheticorganicpesticide.
[NY/T 1667.1-2008, Definition 2.3.1]
2.5
Original drug technicalmaterial
The final product consisting of the active ingredients and impurities obtained during the manufacturing process must not contain visible foreign substances and any additives.
A small amount of stabilizer can be added when necessary.
[NY/T 1667.2-2008, definition 2.5.1]
2.6
Formulation
A product that is stable in use by a pesticide (or parent drug) and an adjuvant.
[NY/T 1667.2-2008, Definition 2.4]
2.7
Active ingredient activeingredient;ai
A specific chemical structural component that is biologically active in a pesticide product.
[NY/T 1667.2-2008, Definition 3.1]
3 Test overview
3.1 Method selection
Acute toxicity test for birds includes acute oral toxicity test methods and acute feeding toxicity test methods, according to pesticide registration management regulations
And other regulations to select relevant methods for testing.
3.2 Acute oral toxicity
The acute oral toxicity test is to apply different doses of the test substance to the oral administration of 1.0mL/100g body weight by oral infusion for 7d.
The poisoning and death of the test birds were observed, and the LD50 value and the 95% confidence limit of 7d were determined. For less toxic original drugs and insoluble
The granule preparation of water can be used for capsule poisoning.
3.3 Acute feeding toxicity
In the acute feeding toxicity test, different concentrations of the drug solution are sprayed on the food using a sprayer, and mixed while spraying until uniform. Contain
The feeds for different concentrations of the test were fed for 5 days, starting from the 6th day, feeding the feed without the test substance for 3 days, and recording the birds every day.
Poisoning and death, and find 8dLC50 value and 95% confidence limit.
4 Test methods
4.1 Materials and conditions
4.1.1 Test organisms
Depending on the purpose of the test, one or more species are available for selection. The test species can breed on their own, or they can purchase standardized breeding materials.
The test birds should be in good health and have no obvious deformities. The mortality of the test species in the first 7 days after introduction into the laboratory is < 5%, and growth
The state is in good health as it conforms to the growth pattern of the species. See Appendix A for recommended species. The test birds should pass animal quarantine,
Make sure there are no diseases. The test birds should be from the same female population and hatched on the same day.
4.1.2 Test substance
The test substance should use pure pesticides, original drugs or preparations. Hardly soluble in water, a small amount of organic solvent that is less toxic to birds, soluble in organic solvents
The dosage of the agent should generally not exceed 0.1 mL (g)/L.
4.1.3 Main equipment
The main equipment is as follows.
---Test bird cage;
---Electronic balance;
--- pipette;
---Syringe and so on.
4.1.4 Test conditions
See Appendix A for each recommended species and corresponding test conditions.
4.2 Test operation
4.2.1 Acute oral toxicity
4.2.1.1 Pre-test
According to the conditions of the formal test, 4 to 5 concentration groups are set at a larger interval, and the minimum total lethal concentration of the test object to the test bird is determined.
Degree and highest overall survival concentration. Set the concentration of the formal test within this range.
4.2.1.2 Formal test
According to the concentration range determined by the pre-test, at least 5 concentration groups are set at a certain interval, each group of 10 birds, male and female, and a blank pair
According to the group, a solvent control solution is also needed to add a solvent control solution. There was no repetition in the control group and each concentration group, and the concentration difference between each concentration group
Do not exceed 2 times. The symptoms and death of the test birds were observed and recorded every 24 hours. Mathematical data after the test
Statistics, calculation of LD50 values and 95% confidence limits for LCL.
4.2.1.3 Limit test
According to the classification criteria of pesticide toxicity to birds, the upper limit dose is set to.2000mga.i./kg body weight, that is, the test object reaches.2000mga.i./kg.
There is no bird death at the time of weight, so there is no need to continue the test. At this point, it can be determined that the oral toxicity of the test article to birds is low toxicity.
4.2.2 Acute feeding toxicity
4.2.2.1 Pre-test
According to the conditions of the formal test, 4 to 5 concentration groups are set at a larger interval, and the minimum total lethal concentration of the test object to the test bird is determined.
And the highest total survival concentration, within which the concentration of the formal test is set.
4.2.2.2 Formal test
According to the concentration range determined by the pre-test, at least 5 concentration groups are set at a certain interval, each group of 10 birds, male and female, and a blank pair
According to the group, the blank control group was fed with normal feed, and the solvent-assisted solution was also required to add a solvent control group. There was no weight in the control group and each concentration group.
In addition, the geometric difference between the concentration groups should not exceed 2 times. Observe and record the poisoning symptoms and death of the test birds every 24 hours.
condition. After the end of the experiment, the data was subjected to mathematical statistics to calculate the LC50 value and the 95% confidence limit of the LCL.
4.2.2.3 Limit test
According to the classification criteria of pesticide toxicity to birds, set the upper limit dose of 5000mga.i./kg feed, that is, the test object reaches 5000mga.i./kg
There is no bird death at the time of the feed and no trial is required. At this point, it can be determined that the feeding toxicity of the test article to birds is low toxicity.
4.3 Data Processing
4.3.1 Selection of statistical analysis methods
Half of the oral toxicity and feeding toxicity of birds at each observation time can be calculated by the method of 寇, linear interpolation or probabilistic unit diagram
The lethal dose LD50 and the LC50 concentration can also be analyzed and calculated using statistical software.
4.3.2 寇 method
The LD50 value and 95% confidence limit of oral toxicity of birds at 7d and the LC50 value of feeding toxicity at 8d can be obtained by the method of 寇.
And 95% confidence limit.
The calculation of LD50 (LC50) is shown in equation (1).
logLD50(LC50)=Xm-i(∑P-0.5) (1)
In the formula.
Xm --- the logarithm of the highest concentration;
i --- the logarithm of the adjacent concentration ratio;
∑P---The sum of the mortality rates of each group (in decimal).
The calculation of the 95% confidence limit is given by equation (2).
95% confidence limit = logLD50 (LC50) ± 1.96 SlogLD50 (LC50) (2)
The calculation of the standard error is shown in equation (3).
SlogLD50(LC50)=i ∑pqn (3)
In the formula.
Mortality of p--1 groups;
q ---1-p;
n --- The number of birds in each concentration group.
4.3.3 Straight line interpolation
The linear scale coordinates were used to plot the percentage of death versus the concentration of the test substance, and the LD50 value at 50% of death was determined.
4.3.4 Probability unit graphic method
With semi-logarithmic paper, the logarithm of the concentration is plotted on the abscissa, and the probability unit corresponding to the percentage of death is plotted on the ordinate. Put the measured values on the map
Draw a related line by visual inspection, read the 50% concentration logarithm of the lethality from the line, and estimate the LD50 value.
4.4 Quality Control
Quality control conditions include.
--- During the feeding of the drug, the pesticide content should not be lower than 80% of the specified content;
--- At the end of the trial, the mortality of the control group did not exceed 10%;
--- Test environmental conditions and basic foods should be adapted to the physiology and behavior of the test birds.
5 test report
The test report shall include at least the following.
--- Information on the test object, including the generic name, chemical name, structural formula, CAS number, purity, basic physical and chemical properties of the test pesticide
Source, etc.
--- Name, source, size and domestication of the test organism;
---Test conditions, including. test temperature, lighting conditions, etc.;
--- Test dose or test concentration, LD50 at 24h, 48h, 72h and 7d or 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h and 8d
LC50 value and 95% confidence limit, and give the calculation method used;
--- Whether there was death or abnormal reaction in the control group and the treatment group;
--- See Appendix B for the classification of toxicity levels for birds.
Appendix A
(informative appendix)
Recommended species and recommended test conditions for birds
See Table A.1 for recommended species and recommended test conditions for birds.
Table A.1 Recommended species and recommended test conditions for birds
Recommended species
Recommended test conditions
Temperature/°C Relative Humidity /% Bird Age/d Space/(cm2/bird)
wild duck
(Anasplatyrhynchos)
Bird age. 0d~7d
8d~14d
>14d
32~35
28~32
22~28
60~85 10~17 600
North American
(Colinusvirginianus)
Bird age. 0d~7d
8d~14d
>14d
35~38
30~32
25~28
50~75 10~17 300
pigeon
(Columbalivia)
Bird age. >35d
18~22 50~75 56~70 2500
Japanese 鹌鹑
(Coturnixcoturnixjaponica)
Bird age. 0d~7d
8d~14d
>14d
35~38
30~32
25~28
50~75 10~17 300
Appendix B
(informative appendix)
Classification of toxicity levels of pesticides on birds
Acute toxicity of pesticides to birds according to the acute oral LD50 of birds and the LC50 of acute feeding LC50
Divided into four levels, see Table B.1.
Table B.1 Classification of toxicity levels of pesticides on birds
Toxicity level acute oral LD50/(mga.i./kg body weight) Acute feeding LC50/(mga.i./kg feed)
Highly toxic LD50≤10 LC50≤50
High toxicity 10 \u003cLD50≤50 50\u003cLC50≤500
Poisoning 50 \u003cLD50≤500 500\u003cLC50≤1000
Low toxicity LD50 >500 LC50 >1000
references
[1] NY/T 1667.1-2008 Pesticide registration management terminology Part 1. Basic terminology
[2] NY/T 1667.2-2008 Pesticide Registration Management Terminology Part 2. Product Chemistry
[3] USEPA (2012). Avianacuteoral toxicityity test (OCSPP850.2100). Ecologicaleffectstest
Guidelines.
[4] USEPA (2012). Aviandietarytoxicitytest (OCSPP850.2200).Ecologicaleffectstest
Guidelines.
[5] OECD (2010). Guideline223. Avianacuteoraltoxicitytest, OECDGuidelinesforthe
TestingofChemicals.
[6] OECD (1984). Guideline205. Aviandietarytoxicitytest, OECDGuidelinesfortheTesting
ofChemicals.
[7] Cai Daoji. Research on Environmental Toxicology of Pesticide. Beijing. China Environmental Science Press,.1999.
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