GB/T 3074.4-2016_English: PDF (GB/T3074.4-2016)
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Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes
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GB/T 3074.4-2016
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| GB/T 3074.4-2003 | English | 90 |
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Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes
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GB/T 3074.4-2003
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| GB/T 3074.4-1982 | English | 199 |
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Method for the determination of the coefficient thermal expansion of graphite electrodes
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| Standard ID | GB/T 3074.4-2016 (GB/T3074.4-2016) | | Description (Translated English) | Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q51 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.050 | | Word Count Estimation | 7,765 | | Date of Issue | 1982-05-10 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-07-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 3074.4-2003 | | Drafting Organization | China Pingmei Shenma Group Kaifeng Carbon Co., Ltd., Shanxi Simu Donghai Carbon Material Co., Ltd., Hunan Province Chenzhou City Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Steel Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 183) | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement 2016 No.14 | | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People Republic of China | | Standard ID | GB/T 3074.4-2003 (GB/T3074.4-2003) | | Description (Translated English) | Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q51 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 4,496 | | Date of Issue | 2003-09-12 | | Date of Implementation | 2004-04-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 3074.4-1982 | | Drafting Organization | Lanzhou Carbon Group Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | Ministry of Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Institute | | Regulation (derived from) | Chinese national standard approved by the announcement in 2003 No. 12 (No. 60 overall) | | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Industry Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China | | Summary | This standard specifies: the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite electrodes Determination of principles, equipment, specimen preparation, test procedures and calculation methods. This standard applies to: general power, high-power, ultra-high-power graphite electrodes and the total amount of expansion at 60, When �� not exceed, mm-other solid carbonaceous material, temperature range of room temperature ~ 60, �� average linear expansion coefficient. | | Standard ID | GB/T 3074.4-1982 (GB/T3074.4-1982) | | Description (Translated English) | Method for the determination of the coefficient thermal expansion of graphite electrodes | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q51 | | Word Count Estimation | 2,275 | | Date of Issue | 1982/5/10 | | Date of Implementation | 1983/3/1 |
GB/T 3074.4-2016
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.050
Q 51
Replacing GB/T 3074.4-2003
Method for the determination of the coefficient of
thermal expansion of graphite electrodes
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 29, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2017
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Definitions and principles ... 5
4 Instruments and equipment ... 6
5 Specimen preparation ... 7
6 Test steps ... 7
7 Results calculation ... 8
8 Test error ... 8
9 Test report ... 8
Foreword
GB/T 3074 consists of four parts:
- GB/T 3074.1, Method for the determination of the flexure strength of
graphite electrodes;
- GB/T 3074.2, Method for the determination of the elastic modulus of
graphite electrodes;
- GB/T 3074.3, Method for the determination of the oxidation resistance of
graphite electrodes;
- GB/T 3074.4, Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal
expansion of graphite electrodes.
This Part is Part 4 of GB/T 3074.
This Part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Part replaces GB/T 3074.4-2003 “Method for the determination of the
coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes”. Compared with GB/T
3074.4-2003, main changes in this Part are as follows:
-- deleted the formula derivation process (see 3.2 of Edition 2003);
-- modified the extensometer in Figure 1 to the displacement measuring
device (see Figure 1 of this Edition);
-- added “can be accessed to protective gas” in the part of thermal
dilatometer (see 4.1 of this Edition);
-- modified the device for measuring expansion on thermal dilatometer from
dial indicator to displacement measuring device (see 4.3 of this Edition);
-- modified thermometer to temperature measuring device (see 4.4 of this
Edition);
-- deleted the processing requirements for temperature measuring hole from
the part of test size (see 5.1 of Edition 2003);
-- modified the specimen size from length to “shall not be less than 50mm”;
deleted the requirements for length deviation (see 5.3 of this Edition);
-- deleted the zeroing operation of dial indicator, modified as “record the initial
reading of the displacement measuring device or reset the device to zero”
(see 6.1 of this Edition);
Method for the determination of the coefficient of
thermal expansion of graphite electrodes
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 3074 specifies determination principles, instruments and
equipment, specimen preparation, test steps and results calculation for the
coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes.
This Part is applicable to the coefficient of other solid carbon materials of which
the ordinary power, high power, ultra-high-power graphite electrode and total
expansion at 600°C does not exceed 1mm, of which the temperature range is
room temperature ~ 600°C. If it needs to test the coefficient of thermal
expansion in other temperature ranges, it may refer to this method.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 1427, Sampling method for carbon material
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and
judgement of limiting values
3 Definitions and principles
3.1 Definitions
The coefficient of thermal expansion refers to the variable of thermal expansion
of material, that is, when the temperature rises by 1°C, the amount of expansion
in a certain direction caused by the solid material per unit length is called the
coefficient of linear expansion of the material in that direction.
3.2 Principles
As shown in the schematic diagram (see Figure 1), the specimen and the quartz
reference are installed on the same base and the other end of the specimen is
5 Specimen preparation
5.1 Sampling
In accordance with GB/T 1427.
5.2 Sampling quantity
Take 2 parallel specimen for each lot.
5.3 Specimen size
For cylindrical or rectangular specimen, its diameter or side length at least is
twice maximum aggregate diameter. For cylinder or cuboid, the specimen
diameter or side length shall not be less than 5mm, the length is not less than
50mm.
5.4 Specimen requirements
Both end faces shall be perpendicular to the specimen axis. Its parallelism is
not greater than 0.1mm/100mm. There are no visible cracks or defects on the
surface of the specimen.
6 Test steps
6.1 Turn on the thermal dilatometer heating furnace. Put the specimen into the
quartz tube in the furnace. Use quartz gaskets to cushion both ends of the
specimen. The specimen, quartz dilatometer, and quartz gasket shall be on a
central axis. Then place the temperature measuring end of the temperature
measuring device close to the side surface of 1/2 of the specimen. Close the
furnace lid. Record the initial reading of the displacement measuring device or
reset the device to zero.
NOTE: If the device does not have a quartz gasket, there shall be no operation procedure
about the gasket.
6.2 Start the power switch of the heating furnace. Adjust the voltage and current.
Record the time, temperature and expansion. Control the heating rate within
6°C/min. When the temperature rises to 400°C, the protective gas is supplied
to the heating furnace. The flow is 5L/min.
6.3 When the temperature rises to 600°C, record the amount of expansion after
insulating (600°C±5°C) for 5min. Adjust the voltage back to zero. When the
furnace temperature drops to about 400°C, stop the protective gas and turn off
the power switch.
......
GB/T 3074.4-2003
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.040
Q 51
Replacing GB/T 3074.4-1982
Method for the Determination of the Coefficient
of Thermal Expansion of Graphite Electrodes
ISSUED ON. SEPTEMBER 12, 2003
IMPLEMENTED ON. APRIL 1, 2004
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Definition and Principle ... 4
4 Apparatus ... 6
5 Specimen Preparation ... 6
6 Test Procedures ... 7
7 Result Calculation ... 7
8 Test Error ... 8
9 Test Report ... 8
Foreword
GB/T 3074 Method for the Determination of Graphite Electrodes is divided into four
parts.
---- Method for the Determination of the Flexure Strength of Graphite Electrodes;
--- Method of the Determination of the Elastic Modulus of Graphite Electrode;
--- Method of the Determination of the Oxidation of Graphite Electrode;
---- Method of the Determination of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) of
Graphite Electrode.
This Part replaces GB 3074.4-1982 Method of the Determination of the Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion (CTE) of Graphite Electrode.
Compared with GB 3074.4-1982 Method of the Determination of the Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion (CTE) of Graphite Electrode, this Part mainly has the following
changes.
--- Prepare the operating method mainly based on the vertical relative method
instrument.
--- Change the average coefficient of thermal expansion from 100°C ~ 1000°C to
room temperature ~ 600°C.
--- Expand the test range.
--- Add the equipment schematic diagram.
This Part was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association.
This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of China Metallurgical Information and
Standardization Research Institute.
Drafting organizations of this Part. Lanzhou Carbon (Group) Co., Ltd., and China
Metallurgical Information and Standardization Research Institute.
Chief drafting staffs of this Part. Liu Xinrong, Gao Fengping, Zhang Zhiqiang, Li
Tongqin, and Sun Wei.
This Part was first-time published in 1982.
Method for the Determination of the Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion of Graphite Electrodes
1 Scope
This Part specifies the principle, apparatus, specimen preparation, test procedures
and calculation method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of
graphite electrodes.
This Part is applicable to the average coefficient of linear thermal expansion of
graphite electrode with ordinary power, high-power and ultra-high-power; and other
solid carbon materials with total expansion amount not exceeding 1mm at 600°C; the
temperature range is room temperature ~ 600°C.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part through
reference in this Standard. For dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this Part, however, parties who
reach an agreement based on this Part are encouraged to study if the latest versions
of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document applies.
GB/T 1427 Sample Method of Carbon Material
3 Definition and Principle
3.1 Definition
Coefficient of thermal expansion indicates variable for the degree of thermal
expansion of the material; namely, when temperature raises 1°C, the solid material
with unit length caused expansion amount along certain direction, which is the linear
expansion coefficient of the material along that direction.
3.2 Principle
See schematic diagram (Figure 1), specimen and quartz reference substance are
mounted on the same base; while the other end of the specimen is in contact with the
mandrel. When furnace is heated, specimen, mandrel, and reference substance are
......
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