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GB/T 231.1-2018 PDF English

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GB/T 231.1-2018: Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method
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GB/T 231.1: Evolution and historical versions

Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] deliveryName of Chinese StandardStatus
GB/T 231.1-2018English260 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method Valid
GB/T 231.1-2009English80 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method Obsolete
GB/T 231.1-2002English799 Add to Cart 5 days Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method Obsolete
GB/T 231-1984English879 Add to Cart 6 days Metallic materials--Brinell hardness test Obsolete

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GB/T 229   GB/T 230.1   GB/T 230.1   GB/T 231.3   

GB/T 231.1-2018: Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method

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GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.040.10 H 22 Replacing GB/T 231.1-2009 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1.Test method (ISO 6506-1.2014, MOD) Issued on. MAY 14, 2018 Implemented on. FEBRUARY 01, 2019 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.

Table of Contents

Foreword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Principle... 5 4 Symbols and descriptions... 6 5 Test apparatus... 7 6 Test piece... 8 7 Test procedure... 8 8 Uncertainty of the results... 11 9 Test report... 12 Annex A (normative) Minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the mean diameter of indentation... 13 Annex B (normative) Procedure for daily checking of the hardness tester by the user... 15 Annex C (informative) Uncertainty of the measurement of hardness values. 16 Bibliography... 24

Foreword

GB/T 231 “Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test” consists of 4 parts. - Part 1.Test method; - Part 2.Verification and calibration of testing machines; - Part 3.Calibration of reference blocks; - Part 4.Tables of hardness values. This Part is Part 1 of GB/T 231. This Part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Part replaces GB/T 231.1-2009 “Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1.Test method”, and compared with GB/T 231.1-2009, the main technical changes are as follows. - ADD reference to JJG 150 “Verification regulation of metal Brinell hardness tester” (see Clause 5); - ADD the requirement of “Before the test, the condition of the hardness tester shall be checked in accordance with Annex B.” (see 7.2); - ADD “If the diameter of the indentation lies outside the above-mentioned limits, the ratio of indentation diameter to indenter diameter, d/D, shall be stated in the test report.” (see 7.4); - SPECIFY that the optical measurement of the indentation diameter can be performed with either a manual or an automatic measuring system (see 7.9 of this Part, 7.8 of 2009 edition); - ADD the rounding off requirements for hardness results (see 7.10 of this Part, 7.9 of the 2009 edition); - MODIFY the informative Annex B as a normative annex (see Annex B of this Part, Annex A of the 2009 edition); - MODIFY the uncertainty of the measurement of hardness values (see Appendix C). This Part uses the redrafting method to modify ISO 6506-1.2014 “Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1.Test method”. The structure of this Part is basically consistent with ISO 6506-1.2014.There are technical differences between this Part and ISO 6506-1.2014.The clauses involved in these differences have been identified by the vertical single line (∣) in the outer margin position. The technical difference between this Part and ISO 6504-1.2014 and the reasons are as follows. - Regarding the normative references, this Part has made technical adjustments to adapt to the technical conditions of China. The adjustments are concentrated in Clause 2, “Normative references”. The specific adjustments are as follows. ● REPLACE ISO 6506-2 with GB/T 231.2 that modifies the international standard (see Clause 5 and Annex A); ● REPLACE ISO 6506-3 with GB/T 231.3 that modifies the international standard (see Annex A); ● REPLACE ISO 6506-4 with GB/T 231.4 that is identical to the international standard (see 7.10); ● REPLACE ISO 4498 with GB/T 9097 that is identical to the international standard (see Table 3); ● ADD reference to JJG 150 (see Clause 5). This Part also made the following editorial modification. - ADJUST the order of Annex A and Annex B in the standard. This Part was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association. This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183). Drafting organizations of this Part. Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, China Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, Shenyang Tianxing Testing Instruments Co., Ltd., National Center for Quality Supervision and Test of Steel Material Products, Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai Shangcai Tester Machine Co., Ltd., Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., National Center for Quality Supervision and Inspection of Nonferrous Metals. Drafters of this Part. Gao Yifei, Dong Li, Zhang Fenglin, Lu Dan, Cai Ning, Qian Baogen, Fang Jian, Zhang Hongju, Yin Jianjun, Li Rongfeng, Huang Fei. The previous released versions replaced by this Part are as follows. - GB/T 231-1962, GB/T 231-1984, GB/T 231.1-2002, GB/T 231.1-2009. Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1.Test method

1 Scope

This Part of GB/T 231 specifies the principle, symbols and descriptions, test apparatus, test piece, test procedure, uncertainty of the results and test report of the Brinell hardness test for metallic materials.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 231.2-2012 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 2. Verification and calibration of testing machines (GB/T 231.2-2012, ISO 6506- 2.2005, MOD)

3 Principle

The Brinell hardness is proportional to the quotient obtained by dividing the test force by the surface area of the indentation. The indentation is assumed to take the shape of the unloaded ball, and its surface area is calculated from the mean indentation diameter and the indenter diameter, using the formula given in Table 1.

4 Symbols and descriptions

The following is an example of the designation of Brinell hardness, HBW. Example.

5 Test apparatus

The tungsten carbide composite indenter shall in accordance with GB/T 231.2 or JJG 150.

6 Test piece

When preparing the test piece, it shall minimize any alteration of the surface, for example, due to excessive heating or cold-working.

7 Test procedure

The test force shall be chosen so that the diameter of the indentation lies between the values 0.24D and 0.6D. If the diameter of the indentation lies outside the above-mentioned limits, the ratio of indentation diameter to indenter diameter, d/D, shall be stated in the test report.

8 Uncertainty of the results

It may not always be possible to quantify the contributions of all the identified components to the uncertainty. In this case, an estimate of type A standard uncertainty can be obtained from the statistical analysis of repeated tests on the test piece.

9 Test report

Unless otherwise specified, at least the following information shall be included in the test report.

Annex A

(normative) Minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the mean diameter of indentation The minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the mean diameter of indentation is shown in Table A.1. ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.


      

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