GB/T 21655.1-2023 PDF English
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GB/T 21655.1-2023: Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and quick-drying - Part 1: Method for combination tests
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
CCS W 04
Replacing GB/T 21655.1-2008
Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and quick-drying - Part
1.Method for combination tests
Issued on: MAY 23, 2023
Implemented on: DECEMBER 01, 2023
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 5
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Principle... 7
5 Equipment, materials and reagents... 7
6 Standard atmosphere for humidity control and testing... 8
7 Sampling and specimen preparation... 8
8 Test procedures... 9
9 Evaluation and marks... 12
10 Test report... 13
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document is Part 1 of GB/T 21655 "Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and quick-
drying". The following parts of GB/T 21655 have been issued.
- Part 1.Method for combination tests;
- Part 2.Method for moisture management tests.
This document replaces GB/T 21655.1-2008 "Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and
quick-drying - Part 1.Method for combination tests". Compared with GB/T 21655.1-
2008, in addition to the structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical
changes in this document are as follows.
- Change "evaporation rate" to "drying rate" and change the definition (see 3.3 of
this Edition, 3.3 of Edition 2008);
- Delete the term and definition of "evaporation time" (see 3.4 of Edition 2008);
- Change the principle (see Chapter 4 of this Edition, Chapter 4 of Edition 2008);
- Delete "capillary effect test device" (see 5.5 of Edition 2008). Change "burette" to
"micropipette" (see 5.2 of this Edition, 5.3 of Edition 2008). Change "test
platform" to "specimen holder" (see 5.6 of this Edition, 5.2 of Edition 2008). Add
"dropper" (see 5.7 of this Edition);
- Add the requirements for the standard atmospheric wind speed for the test (see 6.2
of this Edition);
- Change the requirements for sample washing and drying procedures (see 7.2 of this
Edition, 7.2 of Edition 2008);
- Changed the number of samples for water absorption rate, drip diffusion time, and
drying rate. Add the sampling requirements (see 8.1.1, 8.2.1, 8.3.1 of this Edition,
8.1.1, 8.2.1, 8.3.1 of Edition 2008);
- Change the test method for drip diffusion time (see 8.2 of this Edition, 8.2 of
Edition 2008);
- Change the test method for drying rate (see 8.3 of this Edition, see 8.3 of Edition
2008);
- Delete the test of drying time (see 8.3.5 of Edition 2008);
- Delete the moisture permeability (see 8.5 of Edition 2008);
- Change the technical requirements for the evaluation of moisture absorption and
quick-drying performance. Add the requirements for marks (see Chapter 9 of this
Edition, Chapter 9 of Edition 2008).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be
the subject of patent rights. The issuing authority shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by China Textile Industry Federation.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on
Textiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 209).
The drafting organizations of this document. China Textile Standard Inspection and
Certification Co., Ltd., Yueyue Home Textile Co., Ltd., Anta (China) Co., Ltd., Nike
Sports (China) Co., Ltd., Ningbo Peacebird Fashion Men's Wear Co., Ltd., Jiangsu
Carnation Textile Technology Co., Ltd., Toray Fiber Research Institute (China)) Co.,
Ltd., Guozhen Health Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Zhongfangbiao
Inspection Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Manzi Socks Co., Ltd., Dajiali (Taicang) Quality
Technology Testing Center Co., Ltd., Dongguan Chaoying Textile Co., Ltd., Nantong
Yitianshi Textile Co., Ltd., Shanghai Little Blue Elephant Clothing Co., Ltd., Shenzhen
Ruifeng Instrument Co., Ltd., Huizhou University, Shanghai Mercury Home Textile
Co., Ltd., Huamao (Xiamen) Special Materials Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Yuejia Textile
Technology Co., Ltd., Single Guide Technology Development (Guangdong) Co., Ltd.,
Jiangsu Xinzhanjiang Fiber Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan Maoren Yunshang
Technology Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this document. Ren Hening, Zhang Tianxiang, Zhang Hui, Zheng
Yuanyuan, Huang Cong, Wang Baojun, Tan Wanchang, Gao Zhifang, Gu Meihua, Li
Qiang, Feng Qianqian, Li Aimin, Hu Junyan, Fu Ziqin, Zhu Xiaoli, Li Weiwei, Wang
Yefei, Zhang Ying, Wu Zhongping, Zhu Xiaohui, Zhang Kang, Wu Banjin, Liu Huilin,
Zhong Chulong, Wu Ningxi, Li Bing, Zhang Shunying.
Versions of standard substituted by this document are.
- GB/T 21655.1-2008 that was first issued in 2008;
- This is the first revision.
Introduction
For the evaluation of textile moisture absorption and quick-drying, there are mainly
single-item combination test method and dynamic moisture transfer method, etc. For
the convenience of use, it is divided into several parts according to different test
principles and methods. GB/T 21655 "Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and quick-
drying" is proposed to be composed of the following two parts.
- Part 1.Method for combination tests. The purpose is to provide a method for
comprehensively evaluating the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties
of textiles by measuring individual tests such as water absorption rate and drying
rate.
- Part 2.Method for moisture management tests. The purpose is to provide a method
for evaluating the moisture absorption and quick-drying and moisture absorption
and perspiration properties of textiles by measuring the dynamic transfer state of
liquid water after the test liquid is dropped into the specimen, and obtaining a
series of performance indicators.
Textiles - Evaluation of absorption and quick-drying - Part
1.Method for combination tests
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for the single test indicator combination of the
moisture absorption and quick-drying performance of textiles. It also gives the
evaluation indicators.
This document applies to all types of textile products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6529, Textiles -- Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 6682, Water for analytical laboratory use -- Specification and test methods
GB/T 8629-2017, Textiles -- Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile
testing
FZ/T 01071, Textiles -- Test method for capillary effect
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 water absorption rate
The percentage of the water absorbed by the specimen to the original mass of the
specimen when the specimen is completely soaked in water and taken out until there is
no dripping water.
3.2 drip diffusion time
Water is dropped on the specimen, and the time required from when the water drop
touches the specimen to when it completely diffuses and penetrates into the fabric.
3.3 drying rate
The amount of water evaporated in the specimen per unit time.
3.4 wicking height
The measurement of capillary effect of test material. That is, hen one end of a vertically
suspended textile material is soaked by water, the height that water rises along the
textile material within a certain period of time through capillary action.
4 Principle
Measure the water absorption rate, drip diffusion time, drying rate and wicking height
of the fabric under specified conditions to simulate the process of water absorption,
diffusion and drying in the fabric, so as to comprehensively characterize the moisture
absorption and quick-drying performance of the fabric.
5 Equipment, materials and reagents
5.1 Balance. the weighing accuracy is 0.001 g.
5.2 Micropipette. can quantitatively add a specified volume of water with an accuracy
of 0.01 mL.
5.3 Specimen suspension device. keep the specimen stable during the test.
5.4 Grade three water specified in GB/T 6682.
5.5 Timer. the precision is not less than 0.1s.
5.7 Dropper. the specification is 100 mm.
6 Standard atmosphere for humidity control and testing
6.1 The specimen shall be adjusted to equilibrium under the standard atmospheric
conditions specified in GB/T 6529.
7 Sampling and specimen preparation
7.1 The method and quantity of sample collection shall be carried out according to the
product standard or agreed upon by the parties concerned. For fabric samples, cut a full-
width fabric of more than 0.5 m for each sample. When sampling, avoid the end of the
pipe for more than 2 m. For products, take at least one unit.
7.2 Cut each sample into two pieces. One of them is used for pre-wash test and the other
is used for post-wash test. The washing method is according to 4N program of type A
standard washing machine in GB/T 8629-2017.Conduct continuous washing 5 times.
Use standard detergent 3.Dry naturally after washing. It can also be washed according
to the number of washings agreed by the parties concerned, but the number of washings
shall be at least 5 times.
7.3 Cut the specimen. The number and size of the test specimens shall meet the
requirements in Chapter 8.For fabric samples, when cutting samples, they shall be
evenly arranged in the area above 150 mm from the edge of the selvage. Each specimen
shall not be in the same warp (longitudinal) and weft (horizontal) position. For finished
products, specimens shall be selected from the main functional fabrics. Sampling shall
avoid defects and wrinkles that affect the test results.
8 Test procedures
8.1 Water absorption rate
8.1.1 Cut 3 specimens. The size of each specimen shall be at least 10 cm × 10 cm. The
specimen shall be flat without wrinkles. Make sure that the edge yarn does not come
off during the test.
8.1.2 Place the specimen under standard atmospheric conditions (6.1) and adjust the
humidity to balance.
8.1.3 Use a balance to weigh the original mass m0 of the specimen, accurate to 0.001 g.
8.1.4 Put the specimen into a container filled with tertiary water. The specimen sinks
naturally after absorbing water. If the specimen cannot sink naturally, you can press the
specimen into the water and lift it up. Repeat 2~3 times.
8.1.5 Take out the specimen after soaking it in water for 5 mins. Hang the specimen
naturally flat and vertically on the specimen suspension device (5.3). The water in the
specimen drips naturally.
8.1.6 Observe carefully. When the specimen is no longer dripping, immediately weigh
the specimen mass m, accurate to 0.001 g. When the time interval between two drops
of water is not less than 30 s, it can be considered that the specimen is no longer dripping.
8.1.7 Calculate the water absorption rate of each specimen according to formula (1)
8.2 Drip diffusion time
8.2.1 Cut 3 specimens. The size of the specimen shall ensure that it can be fixed on the
specimen holder without affecting the diffusion of water droplets. The specimen shall
be flat and free of wrinkles.
8.2.2 Place the specimen under standard atmospheric conditions (6.1) and adjust the
humidity to balance.
8.2.3 Fix the specimen flatly on the specimen holder (the side close to the human skin
faces up when in use). At the same time, it shall be noted that the specimen shall not be
deformed by external force. Inhale an appropriate amount of tertiary water with a
dropper. Put 1 drop (about 0.05 mL) of water on the specimen. The distance between
the mouth of the dropper and the surface of the sample shall not exceed 1 cm. The
dropper angle is about 45°.
8.2.4 Carefully observe the diffusion of water droplets. Use a timer to measure the time
required for the water drop to touch the surface of the specimen to completely diffuse
(no specular reflection anymore), accurate to 0.1 s. If the test result is less than 1 s,
record the diffusion time as < 1.0 s. If the diffusion speed of the water droplets is slow,
and the water droplets have not completely diffused after a certain period of time (such
as 60 s), the test can be stopped. Record that the diffusion time is greater than the set
time (for example, >60 s).
8.2.5 Calculate the average diffusion time of 3 specimens before and after washing.
Round the results to 0.1 s.
8.3 Drying rate
8.3.1 Cut 3 specimens. The size of each specimen shall be at least 10 cm × 10 cm.
Ensure that moisture cannot diffuse to the edge of the specimen. The specimen shall be
flat and free of wrinkles. Make sure that the edge yarn does not come off during the test.
8.3.2 Place the specimen under standard atmospheric conditions (6.1) and adjust the
humidity to balance.
9 Evaluation and marks
9.1 Evaluation
If necessary, the moisture absorption and quick-drying performance grade of the
product can be evaluated according to Table 1.The product shall meet the technical
requirements of the corresponding grade before and after washing. The moisture
absorption and quick-drying performance grades are divided into grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and
grade Ⅲ. Grade I means moisture absorption and quick-drying. Grade II means good
moisture absorption and quick-drying. Grade III means excellent moisture absorption
9.2 Marks
According to the test and evaluation of this document, the product with moisture
absorption and quick-drying performance shall be marked with.
- Reference to this document, that is, GB/T 21655.1-2023;
- Performance and grade, such as moisture absorption and quick-drying grade III,
moisture absorption and quick-drying grade II, moisture absorption and quick-
drying grade I.
10 Test report
The test report shall contain the following.
a) Reference to this document and test date;
b) Sample description (name, serial number, raw materials and main specifications,
etc.);
c) Inspection items;
d) Test environment conditions;
e) Main test parameters used;
f) Washing and drying procedures and times;
g) Test results of Clause 8;
h) If necessary, report the results of the moisture absorption and quick-drying
performance evaluation;
i) Any deviation from the details of this document and anomalies in the test.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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