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Terminology of electric vehicles
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Detail Information of GB/T 19596-2017; GB/T19596-2017; GBT 19596-2017; GBT19596-2017
Description (Translated English): Terminology of electric vehicles
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: T04
Classification of International Standard: 43.020
Word Count Estimation: 38,300
Date of Issue: 2017-10-14
Date of Implementation: 2018-05-01
Drafting Organization: China Automotive Technology Research Center, BYD Auto Industry Co., Ltd., Anhui Ankai Automobile Co., Ltd., China First Automobile Co., Ltd. Technology Center, Shanghai Automotive Group Co., Ltd. Technology Center, Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Unet Motor Co., Ltd., Southeast (Fujian) Automotive Industry Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd., Chery New Energy Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd., Dongfeng Motor Corporation Technology Center, Company, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization: National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114)
Proposing organization: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People Republic of China
Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC; China National Standardization Administration
GB/T 19596-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 04
Replacing GB/T 19596-2004
Terminology of electric vehicles
电动汽车术语
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 14, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON. MAY 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically &
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
Index of corresponding English words ... 49
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 19596-2004 “Terminology of electric vehicles”. As
compared with GB/T 19596-2004, in addition to editorial changes, the main
technical changes are as follows.
- ADD the electric vehicle terminology classified in accordance with the off-
vehicle charging capability and driving mode selection (see 3.1.1.2);
- ADD such drive and driving device terms as electric drive system, high
pressure system, and so on (see 3.1.2.1);
- ADD the terms on the safety performance and economic performance of
electric vehicles (see 3.1.3.2 and 3.1.3.3);
- DELETE the terms of the motor maximum operating speed (see 3.2.5 of
2004 version);
- ADD the rechargeable energy storage device terms classified in
accordance with packaging and performance (see 3.3.1.3 and 3.3.1.4)
- ADD the terms on rechargeable energy storage system power performance
(see 3.3.3.6);
- MODIFY the term of charger (see 3.4).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive
Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114).
The drafting organizations of this standard. China Automotive Technology
Research Center, BYD Automotive Industry Co., Ltd., Anhui Ankai Automobile
Co., Ltd., China First Automobile Co., Ltd. Technology Center, Shanghai
Automotive Group Co., Ltd. Technology Center, Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co.,
Ltd. , Zhejiang Younet Motor Co., Ltd., Southeast (Fujian) Automotive Industry
Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Automotive
Technology Center Co., Ltd., Chery New Energy Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd.,
Dongfeng Motor Corporation Technology Center, Hunan CRRC Times Electric
Vehicle Co., Ltd., SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd.
Terminology of electric vehicles
1 Scope
This standard defines the terms and definitions related to electric vehicles.
This standard applies to electric vehicle, drive motor system, rechargeable
energy storage system and charger.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical terminology - Primary and secondary cells
and batteries
GB/T 19752 Hybrid electric vehicle - Power performance - Test methods
GB/T 24548 Fuel cell electric vehicles - Terminology
GB/T 30038 Road vehicles - Degrees of protection (IP-code) - Protection of
electrical equipment against foreign objects, water and access
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 2900.41, GB/T 19752, GB/T
24548 and GB/T 30038 as well as the following terms and definitions apply to
this document.
3.1 Vehicle
3.1.1
Electric vehicle; EV
The following vehicles are collectively called electric vehicles.
3.1.1.1
3.1.1.2.2.2
Non off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicle; NOVC-HEV
Hybrid electric vehicles that obtains full energy from on-vehicle fuel under
normal use.
3.1.1.2.3 In accordance with selection method of driving mode
3.1.1.2.3.1
Hybrid electric vehicle with selective switch
Hybrid electric vehicles with manual driving mode selection. Vehicle
selectable driving modes include pure electric mode, thermal mode and
hybrid mode.
3.1.1.2.3.2
Hybrid electric vehicles without selective switch
Hybrid electric vehicles without manual driving mode selection functions.
The vehicle driving mode can be automatically switched based on different
working conditions.
3.1.1.2.4
Range extended electric vehicle; REEV
An electric vehicle capable of achieving all of its power performance in a
purely electric mode, but when the on-vehicle rechargeable energy storage
system cannot meet the requirements of the cruising range, the vehicle
auxiliary power supply device is turned on to provide electric power for the
power system to extend the range of the electric vehicle. The on-vehicle
auxiliary power supply device and the drive system do not have drive-
connections such as drive shaft (belt).
3.1.1.3
Fuel cell electric vehicle; FCEV
Electric vehicles using the fuel cell system as a single power source or using
both the fuel cell system and the rechargeable energy storage system as a
hybrid power source.
3.1.1.3.1
3.1.2.1.4.2
Electric power train
Electric power train composed of electric driving system and drive system.
3.1.2.1.4.3
Hybrid power train
Power train of a hybrid electric vehicle, composed of a power source that
can add fuel and an electric power train.
3.1.2.1.5
Drive direction control
A special device for selecting the direction of the vehicle travel (forward or
reverse) by the driver’s operation. For example. joystick or button switch.
3.1.2.1.6
Vehicle control unit
Powertrain controller, which collects the accelerator pedal signal, brake
pedal signal and other component signals, makes the appropriate judgments,
controls the actions of each underlying component controller, to realize the
vehicle drive, brake, and energy recovery.
3.1.2.1.7
Electric power system
Circuit systems that generate, transport, and use electrical energy, including
power supplies.
3.1.2.1.8
Regenerative braking
The system that converts (or partially converts) the kinetic energy and
potential energy of the vehicle in the driving process into the energy of the
on-board rechargeable energy storage system and store it when the vehicle
slides, slows down or descends.
3.1.2.1.9
Power battery system
The device on the vehicle body to accommodate a charging socket
(conductive charging) or charging port (inductive charging).
3.1.2.2.5
Passenger compartment
The space that accommodates the occupants, enclosed by the roof, floor,
side walls, doors, glass windows and front wall, back wall or rear seat back
support plate, and electrical protection bar to prevent occupants from
touching live parts, and enclosure.
3.1.2.3 Electrical installations and components
3.1.2.3.1
Energy storage
Devices installed in the electric vehicles to store electric energy, including a
variety of power batteries, supercapacitors and flywheel batteries, etc., or a
combination of them.
3.1.2.3.2
Live part
Conductors or conductive parts that are energized during normal use.
3.1.2.3.3
Conductive part
The portion that allows current to pass, which is not energized during normal
operation, but can become a live part in the event of a basic insulation failure.
3.1.2.3.4
Exposed conductive part
The conductive part touched by the joint test finger of IPXXB (protection level
code).
Note. This concept is for a specific circuit, the live part of a circuit may be the
exposed conductor of another circuit. For example, the passenger vehicle
body may be a live part of the auxiliary circuit, but it is an exposed conductor
to the power circuit.
3.1.2.3.5
3.1.3.2.1
Unintended starting
The starting movement of vehicle in an unexpected situation.
3.1.3.2.2
Creepage distance
The shortest distance along the surface of the solid insulating material
between the two electrically conductive parts.
3.1.3.2.3
Direct contact
Contact of human or animal with live parts.
3.1.3.2.4
Indirect contact
Contact of human or animal with a part which becomes into an exposed
conductive part in the event of a failure of basic insulation.
3.1.3.2.5
Basic insulation
Insulation on live parts for basic protection against electric shock (in the
absence of a fault).
Note. The basic insulation need not include functional insulation.
3.1.3.2.6
Supplementary insulation
Independent insulation used outside of basic insulation for protection against
electric shock in the event of a basic insulation failure.
3.1.3.2.7
Double insulation
Insulation that have the basic insulation and supplementary insulation at the
same time.
Electric shock
Physiological effects caused by current passing through the body.
3.1.3.2.15
Enclosure
Components used to prevent equipment from being exposed to some
external influence or direct contact in any direction.
Note. External influences may include the ingress of water or dust, to prevent
mechanical damage.
3.1.3.2.16
Potential equalization
The minimization of potential difference between the exposed conductive
parts of the electrical equipment.
3.1.3.2.17
Maximum working voltage
The AC voltage r.m.s. or DC voltage maximum value that may occur in the
power system under normal working state, ignoring transient peaks.
3.1.3.2.18
Voltage class A electric circuits
The power components or circuits that have the maximum working voltage
less than or equal to 30 V a.c. (r.m.s.) or less tan and equal to 60 V d.c.
3.1.3.2.19
Voltage class B electric circuits
Electrical components or circuits with a maximum operating voltage greater
than 30V a.c. (r.m.s.) and less than or equal to 1000 V a.c. (r.m.s.), or greater
than 60 V d.c. and less than or equal to 1500 V d.c.
3.1.3.2.20
Single point failure
The convertor that turns on/off the input DC voltage at certain frequency,
thereby changing the average output voltage.
3.2.4 Related devices
3.2.4.1
DC/DC convertor (converter)
Convertor that converts a certain DC power supply voltage into any DC
voltage.
3.2.4.2
Cooling equipment
Device for cooling the motor and controller.
3.2.5 performance parameters
3.2.5.1
Rated power
Output power at rated conditions.
3.2.5.2
Continuous power
Prescribed maximum, long-term working power.
3.2.5.3
Peak power
The maximum permissible output power of the motor for the specified
duration.
3.2.5.4
Rated speed
The minimum motor speed at rated power.
3.2.5.5
Rated torque
PWM control
The method of control to achieve voltage change through the pulse width
modulation (PWM).
3.2.5.13
Torque control
The method of control using the torque as the target value and the control
command as the torque value.
3.2.5.14
Speed control
The method of control using the speed as the target value and the control
command as the speed value.
3.2.5.15
Power control
The method of control using the power as the target value and the control
command as the power value.
3.2.5.16
Regenerative braking control
The method of control to realize speed control by changing the power driving
state into the power generation state, via the drive motor, thereby converting
the kinetic energy of traveling vehicle into the electrical energy, which is then
charged back into the on-board energy storage device.
3.2.5.17
Field weakening control
The control method for motor speed control by weakening the air gap
magnetic field.
3.2.5.18
Output characteristics
The relationship between the motor torque, the output power and the speed.
3.3.1.2.3
Nickel-metal hydride battery
The battery for which the positive electrode active material uses nickel oxide,
the negative electrode active material uses hydrogen storage alloy, and the
potassium hydroxide is used as the electrolyte.
3.3.1.2.4
Ultra-capacitor
An electrochemical energy storage device for which at least one electrode
achieves energy storage by the electric double layer formed through
electrode/electrolyte interface or by the pseudo-capacitance formed by a
rapid redox reaction on an electrode surface.
3.3.1.3 Classified by packaging shape
3.3.1.3.1
Cylindrical cell
Battery with cylindrical battery case and connection element (electrode).
3.3.1.3.2
Prismatic cell
Battery with rectangular parallelepiped battery case and connection element
(electrode).
3.3.1.3.3
Pouch cell
Battery with battery case made of composite film and connection element
(electrode).
3.3.1.4 Classified by performance
3.3.1.4.1
High energy traction battery
Power battery featured by high energy density, which is mainly used for high
energy output.
Battery electronics
Electronic devices that collect or simultaneously monitor the electrical and
thermal data of the secondary battery or module, which may include, if
necessary, electronic components for secondary battery balancing.
Note. Battery electronics may include a single controller. The balance
between secondary batteries can be controlled by the battery electronics or
by the battery control unit.
3.3.2.1.6
Battery auxiliaries
Battery bracket, cooling system, temperature control system and other
components as required for the normal work of the battery system.
3.3.2.1.7
Traction battery enclosure
Assembly used to accommodate the battery pack, battery management
system and the corresponding auxiliary components, and contains
mechanical connections, electrical connections, protection and other
functions, referred to as the battery enclosure.
3.3.2.1.8
Swapping traction battery enclosure
A battery enclosure that can be installed in an electric vehicle in a short
period of time (usually not more than 5 minutes) by human or mechanical
assistance AND can be used to charge the battery under off-board
conditions.
3.3.2.1.9
Battery pack
A unit which is usually includes a battery pack, battery management system,
the battery enclosure and the corresponding accessories (cooling
components, connecting cables, etc.), obtains electrical energy from outside
and outputs electrical energy.
3.3.2.1.10
Battery management system; BMS
Vent plug
Liquid injection hole plug installed on the secondary battery cover, which has
the exhaust, anti-foam structure and explosion-proof function.
3.3.2.2.5
Safety valve; vent valve
Exhaust valve specially designed to release the gas in the battery to avoid
excessive internal pressure.
3.3.2.2.6
Terminal
Conductive parts which are used in the external circuit to connect the battery
anode and cathode.
3.3.2.2.7
Terminal cover
Cover that is used to prevent short circuit between terminals (poles).
3.3.2.2.8
Ventilation device
The device that is used to discharge the gas generated by the
electrochemical reaction out of the battery under the pressure difference
between inside and outside of the battery.
3.3.2.2.9
High voltage fuse
High-voltage circuit short-circuit protection device.
3.3.2.2.10
High voltage relay
Appliance which is in the auxiliary control circuit to control the magnetic field
generated by the coil current, so that the contacts close and break, with arc
suppression capability, with loading on-off, in order to achieve the control of
electrical load.
3.3.3.4.2
Rated capacity
Battery capacity measured under specified conditions and indicated by the
manufacturer.
Note. Rated capacity is usually expressed in Ampere hour (Ah) or
Milliampere hour (mAh).
3.3.3.4.3
n hour rates capacity
The capacity as released by a fully charged battery when discharging at a
discharge rate of n hours and reaching the specified termination conditions.
3.3.3.4.4
Initial capacity
The capacity (Ah) as released by the new exit-factory power battery which
discharges at the 1 hour rate discharge current to the discharge termination
conditions as specified by the enterprise after being fully charged at room
temperature.
3.3.3.4.5
Available capacity
The capacity value as released from the fully charged battery under the
specified conditions.
3.3.3.4.6
Theoretical capacity
The capacity value that is able to be released by the battery assuming that
the active substance is fully utilized.
3.3.3.4.7
Storage characteristics
Characteristics that indicate the change of such parameters as capacity and
internal resistance after long-term out-of-service.
3.3.3.4.8
Starting power at high temperature
The power output from the battery system SOC during constant voltage
discharge at 40 °C at 20% or at the lowest SOC allowed by the manufacturer,
which sets the upper limit of discharge current in accordance with the
parameters provided by the manufacturer.
3.3.3.6.4
Starting power at low temperature
The power output from the battery system SOC during constant voltage
discharge at -20 °C at 20% or at the lowest SOC allowed by the manufacturer,
which sets the upper limit of discharge current in accordance with the
parameters provided by the manufacturer.
3.3.3.7 Density
3.3.3.7.1
Energy density
The electrical energy obtained from the unit mass or unit volume of a battery,
expressed in Wh/kg, Wh/L. Also known as specific energy.
3.3.3.7.1.1
Specific energy density
The electrical energy taken from the unit mass of the battery, expressed in
Wh/kg. Also known as specific energy or mass specific energy.
3.3.3.7.1.2
Volumetric energy density
The electrical energy taken from the unit volume of the battery, expressed in
Wh/L. Also known as specific energy.
3.3.3.7.2
Power density
The output power obtained from the unit mass or unit volume of the battery,
expressed in W/kg, W/L, also referred to as specific power or mass specific
power.
3.3.3.7.2.1
3.3.3.8.6
End-of-charge voltage
The terminal voltage of the battery under discharging state after connecting
to a load.
3.3.3.8.7
End-of-discharge voltage
The minimum voltage that can be reached when the battery is discharged
normally.
3.3.3.9
Discharge current
Current output by the battery during discharge.
3.3.3.10
Internal resistance
The sum of the resistance of the electrolyte, positive and negative pole group,
and the diaphragm.
3.3.3.11 Efficiency
3.3.3.11.1
Charge efficiency
The general name of coulombic efficiency and energy efficiency.
3.3.3.11.1.1
Coulombic efficiency
The ratio of the capacity released from the battery during discharge to the
charge capacity during the same cycle.
3.3.3.11.1.2
Energy efficiency (Watt-hour efficiency)
The ratio of the energy released from the battery during discharge to the
charge energy during the cycle.
3.3.3.13.2
Internal short circuit
Short circuit occurred between the anode and cathode in the battery.
3.3.3.13.3
Thermal runaway
The overheating, fire and explosion phenomenon of sharp change of battery
self-temperature rise rate as caused by the battery thermal release chain
reaction.
3.3.3.13.4
Thermal propagation
Continuous temperature-rise of the secondary batteries caused by the
thermal runaway of the s......
Related standard: GB/T 12539-2018 Related PDF sample: GB/T 19596-2017 |