GB/T 19515-2023 PDF English
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| GB/T 19515-2023 | English | 305 |
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Road vehicles - Recyclability and recoverability rate - Requirement and calculation method
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| GB/T 19515-2015 | English | 70 |
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Road vehicles -- Recyclability and recoverability -- Calculation method
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GB/T 19515-2023: Road vehicles - Recyclability and recoverability rate - Requirement and calculation method
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 40
Replacing GB/T 19515-2015
Road vehicles - Recyclability and recoverability rate -
Requirement and calculation method
Issued on: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
Implemented on: MARCH 01, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 5
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Symbols... 7
5 Requirements for vehicle recyclability and recoverability rate... 8
6 Calculation method of vehicle recyclability and recoverability rate... 8
Appendix A (Normative) Data sheet... 13
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation process... 15
Appendix C (Normative) Proven recycling technology... 16
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document replaces GB/T 19515-2015 "Road vehicles - Recyclability and
recoverability rate - Requirement and calculation method". Compared with GB/T
19515-2015, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main
technical changes are as follows.
a) CHANGE the scope of application (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of the 2015 edition);
b) CHANGE some terms and definitions (see 3.1, 3.2; 3.1, 3.2 of the 2015 edition);
c) ADD some terms and definitions (see 3.3, 3.4);
d) ADD the requirements for vehicle recyclability and recoverability rate (see
Chapter 5);
e) ADD the general calculation rules (see 6.1);
f) CHANGE the determination principle of the "Disassembly - Determination of mD"
stage (see 6.3.2; 5.3.2 of the 2015 edition);
g) CHANGE the scope of disassembly parts (see 6.3.2.6; 5.3.2.5 of the 2015 edition);
h) CHANGE "Handling of non-metallic residues - Determination of mTr and mTe"
(see 6.3.4; 5.3.4 of the 2015 edition);
i) ADD the proven recycling technology content (see Appendix C).
Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher
of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
of the People's Republic of China.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive
Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114).
Drafting organizations of this document. China Automotive Technology Research
Center Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd., SAIC Volkswagen
Co., Ltd., Guangdong Bangpu Cycle Technology Co., Ltd., SAIC-GM-Wuling
Automobile Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Green Cycle Industry Co., Ltd., China Automotive
Information Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tianxiang Quality Technical
Services Co., Ltd., SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.,
Introduction
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the resource and environmental
problems caused by scrapped cars are becoming increasingly serious. In order to reduce
the environmental impact and resource waste after automobile scrapping, it is necessary
to consider the recycling of automobile products, from the perspective of the whole life
cycle. Therefore, automobile manufacturers are required to consider the recycling of
automobiles after they are scrapped, at the beginning of product design, thereby
improving the level of resource recycling and promoting the automobile industry to
follow a green, low-carbon, circular development path.
This document is based on the four main stages of road vehicle recycling and processing,
combined with the proven recycling technology of the scrapped motor vehicle recycling
and dismantling industry at the current stage, aims to establish a standardized and
reasonable calculation method for the recyclability rate and recoverability rate of new
vehicles, as well as the limit requirements, to guide vehicle manufacturers to carry out
environmentally friendly design, dismantling design, green material selection, thereby
improving the recyclability of vehicles after they are scrapped.
The calculation methods and limit requirements for recyclability and recoverability, as
specified in this document, are applicable to the evaluation of a new vehicle; they are
not applicable to road vehicles in a scrapped state. In order to standardize the
scientificity and rationality of the calculation of the recyclability and recoverability rate
of new cars, this revision adds 6.1.2, which is the requirements for relevant marking of
automobile parts. In order to ensure the implementation of this document, it is
recommended that automobile manufacturers be given a certain transition period when
this clause is implemented, to ensure that they modify product technical documents and
production molds, transfer responsibilities based on the supply chain, in accordance
with the requirements of this document. Therefore, it is recommended that for new
vehicle models applying for type approval, clause 6.1.2 shall be implemented in the 13th
month from the date of implementation of this document. For models that have obtained
type approval, clause 6.1.2 will be implemented on the 25th month from the date of
implementation of this document.
Road vehicles - Recyclability and recoverability rate -
Requirement and calculation method
1 Scope
This document stipulates the symbols for the recyclability rate and recoverability rate
of road vehicles, the requirements and calculation methods for the recyclability rate and
recoverability rate of complete vehicles.
This document is applicable to newly produced category M1 and category N1 vehicles;
other vehicles shall refer to it.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated reference
documents, only the version corresponding to the date applies to this document; for
undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document.
GB/T 3730.2-1996 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 26988 Marks for recoverability of automobile parts
GB/T 26989 Automobile recovery - Terminology
GB/T 33460 Specifications for compiling dismantling manual of end-of-life
vehicles
GB/T 34490 Recycled sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnets
QC/T 797 Material identification and marking of automotive plastic, rubber and
thermoplastic elastomer parts
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 3730.2-1996 and GB/T 26989, as well as
the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Vehicle mass
mV
The total mass in running condition, without driver, passengers and cargo, but with
the fuel tank filled with 90% of the total capacity, with on-board tools and spare tires
(if these are provided by the vehicle manufacturer as standard equipment).
[Source. GB/T 3730.2-1996, 4.6, with modifications]
3.2
Proven recycling technology
Currently existing technologies for recycling automotive materials that have reached
batch or trial production scale.
3.3
Recyclability rate
Rcyc
The percentage -- of mass of the parts of the vehicle that can be recycled and/or
reused to the vehicle mass.
4 Symbols
The symbols in Table 1 apply to this document.
All mass units are expressed in kilograms, accurate to 2 decimal places.
5 Requirements for vehicle recyclability and recoverability
rate
5.1 Requirements for vehicle recyclability rate
The recyclability rate of categories M1 and N1 vehicles shall not be less than 85%.
5.2 Requirements for vehicle recoverability rate
The recoverability rate of categories M1 and N1 vehicles shall not be less than 95%.
6 Calculation method of vehicle recyclability and
recoverability rate
6.1 General
6.1.1 The calculation of the recyclability rate and recoverability rate of the entire
vehicle shall be based on the vehicle material data, which is collected from the supply
chain and the proven recycling technology.
6.1.2 Plastic, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer parts shall have the material type marked
on the surface of the part, in accordance with the requirements of QC/T 797.For parts
of other material types, it shall have a recoverability mark on the outer surface in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 26988; or it shall describe the technical
information such as the recoverability and recovery technology of the parts in the
technical documents, such as the scrapped vehicle dismantling instruction manual. The
preparation of the scrapped vehicle dismantling instruction manual shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 33460.
6.1.3 The recyclability rate and recoverability rate of the vehicle are calculated through
the following four stages.
a) Preprocessing;
b) Dismantling;
c) Metal separation;
d) Disposal of non-metallic residues.
6.1.4 mP, mD, mM can be obtained in the calculations of 6.1.3a), 6.1.3b), 6.1.3c),
respectively. The mTr and mTe can be determined in the 6.1.3 d) stage (see 6.3.4). The
data expression method for calculating the vehicle recyclability rate and recoverability
rate shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A; the graphical expression method
can refer to Appendix B.
6.2 Classification of materials
6.2.1 Divide all materials making up the vehicle into the following 7 categories.
a) Metal;
b) Polymers (excluding rubber);
c) Rubber;
d) Glass;
e) Liquids [including fuel, engine oil, transmission oil, gearbox (including
differential and transfer case) oil, power steering oil, coolant, brake fluid, shock
absorber oil, air conditioning refrigerant, windshield cleaning fluid, hydraulic
suspension fluid, etc.];
6.2.2 According to the data sheet in Appendix A, record statistics and determine the
total mass of each type of material.
6.2.3 The classification of materials can be carried out when calculating the mass of
materials at each stage specified in 6.3.
6.3 Determination of mP, mD, mM, mTr, mTe
6.3.1 Preprocessing - Determine mP
6.3.1.1 The parts and/or materials processed in the pre-processing stage mainly include.
a) All liquids;
b) Batteries (including lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, metal hydride nickel
batteries, fuel cells, etc.);
c) Engine oil filter;
d) Pressure fuel tanks (including liquefied petroleum gas tanks, compressed natural
gas tanks, hydrogen storage tanks, other gas fuel tanks, etc.);
e) Tires;
f) Catalytic system (including catalytic converter, SCR selective catalytic system,
DPF diesel exhaust particle trap, etc.).
6.3.1.2 Parts and/or materials described in 6.3.1.1 are considered reusable or recyclable.
6.3.1.3 According to Appendix A, record the total mass of parts and/or materials in
6.3.1.1, to determine mP.
6.3.2 Disassembly - Determine mD
6.3.2.1 Based on the principles listed in 6.3.2.2 ~ 6.3.2.7, determine other parts on the
vehicle that are considered to be reusable or recyclable.
6.3.2.2 During the disassembly stage, parts that are considered to be reusable and/or
recyclable shall be disassembled. The disassembly of parts shall be evaluated, through
the following aspects.
a) The location of the parts on the vehicle is accessible;
b) The fastening method of parts has disassembly technology.
6.3.2.3 When determining the recyclability of parts, the safety and environmental
requirements for recyclable parts shall be met. Parts that do not meet the safety and
environmental requirements are considered non-reusable.
6.3.2.4 Parts and/or materials that meet the disassembly requirements of 6.3.2.2 and
meet the following conditions can be considered recyclable.
a) The material composition of metal parts or non-metal parts has been marked, in
accordance with GB/T 26988 or QC/T 797, and/or the material type and
recyclability information are described in the scrapped vehicle dismantling
manual;
b) The material type of non-metallic parts has proven recycling technology for
automotive non-metallic materials listed in Appendix C.
6.3.2.5 Parts listed in mD shall meet the following requirements at the same time.
a) Parts or materials meet the disassembly requirements specified in 6.3.2.2;
b) The disassembled parts can be reused or meet the conditions for recycling
specified in 6.3.2.4.
6.3.2.6 Based on the principles mentioned in 6.3.2.5, determine the scope of
disassembled parts, such as front bumper skin, door sill exterior panels, door sill interior
panels, A/B/C pillar linings, window glass, windshield glass etc.
6.3.2.7 After determining the list of reusable and/or recyclable parts in the disassembly
stage, record statistics and determine the total mass mD of the parts.
6.3.3 Metal separation - Determine mM
6.3.3.1 The metal separation stage mainly considers all metal parts not considered in
the two stages of preprocessing and disassembly. All metal parts are considered to be
recyclable.
6.3.3.2 Statistically record the mass of the metal parts still remaining in the vehicle after
the preprocessing and disassembly stages. Determine mM.
6.3.4 Treatment of non-metallic residues - Determine mTr and mTe
6.3.4.1 The remaining other materials (i.e., materials not considered in the
preprocessing, disassembly, metal separation stages) are non-metallic residues.
6.3.4.2 At this stage, the residual non-metallic recyclable materials or these materials
and residual non-metallic recyclable materials may be considered.
a) The material composition of non-metal parts has been marked in accordance with
GB/T 26988 or QC/T 797; and/or the material type and recoverability information
are described in the scrapped vehicle dismantling manual. At the same time, the
material mass mTr that can be reused is determined, based on the proven recycling
technology in Appendix C.
b) In non-metallic residues, the material mass corresponding to the energy recovery
portion can be determined as mTe.
6.4 Calculation of vehicle recyclability and recoverability rate
6.4.1 Vehicle recyclability rate
Use formula (1) to calculate the vehicle recyclability rate Rcyc (expressed as mass
fraction).
6.4.2 Vehicle recoverability rate
Use formula (2) to calculate the vehicle recoverability rate Rcov (expressed in mass
fraction).
6.4.3 Data recording requirements
The data for calculation of recyclability rate and recoverability rate, based on this
document, shall be recorded in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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