GB/T 18204.1-2013_English: PDF (GB/T18204.1-2013)
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Examination methods for public places -- Part 1: Physical parameters
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Methods of microbiological examination for air in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count
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Standard ID | GB/T 18204.1-2013 (GB/T18204.1-2013) | Description (Translated English) | Examination methods for public places. Part 1: Physical parameters | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | C51 | Classification of International Standard | 13.060 | Word Count Estimation | 24,275 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 18204.13-2000; GB/T 18204.14-2000; GB/T 18204.15-2000; GB/T 18204.16-2000; GB/T 18204.17-2000; GB/T 18204.18-2000; GB/T 18204.19-2000; GB/T 18204.20-2000; GB/T 18204.21-2000; GB/T 18204.22-2000; GB/T 18204.28-2000; GB/T 17220-1998 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 18049; GB/T 18883-2002; HJ/T 10.2 | Drafting Organization | China Disease Prevention and Control Center Environmental Health and Related Product Safety | Administrative Organization | People's Republic of China Ministry of Health | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin 2013 No. 27 | Proposing organization | Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | Summary | This standard specifies the method for determination of physical factors in public places. This standard applies to public places in the determination of physical factors, other places, home and other indoor environments may refer to. | Standard ID | GB/T 18204.1-2000 (GB/T18204.1-2000) | Description (Translated English) | Methods of microbiological examination for air in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | C51 | Classification of International Standard | 13.020 | Word Count Estimation | 3,360 | Date of Issue | 2000-09-30 | Date of Implementation | 2001-01-01 | Drafting Organization | Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Hygiene monitoring | Administrative Organization | Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin 2013 No. 27 | Proposing organization | Ministry of Health of the People Republic of China | Issuing agency(ies) | State Quality and Technical Supervision | Summary | This standard specifies: total number of bacteria in the air in public places determination. This standard applies to: the total number of bacteria in the air in public places determined. |
GB/T 18204.1-2013
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.060
C 51
Replacing GB/T 18204.13 ~ 18204.22-2000, GB/T 18204.28-2000
Partially replacing GB/T 17220-1998
Examination methods for public places - Part 1:
Physical parameters
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2014
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Air temperature ... 6
4 Relative humidity ... 9
5 Indoor air velocity (electric anemometer method) ... 12
6 Indoor fresh air volume ... 13
7 Noise (digital sound level meter method) ... 19
8 Illuminance (Illuminance meter method) ... 21
9 Daylighting factor (measurement method with ruler) ... 22
10 Atmospheric pressure (empty box barometer method) ... 23
11 Radiant heat ... 24
12 Thermal comfort PMV index ... 27
13 Electromagnetic radiation (wideband omnidirectional field strength meter
method) ... 27
14 Ultraviolet radiation (ultraviolet spectrum analysis dose method) ... 29
15 Radon concentration in the air ... 30
16 Pool water temperature (thermometer method) ... 30
17 Pool water transparency (type method) ... 31
Appendix A (Normative) On-site testing point layout requirements ... 33
Appendix B (Informative) Tracer gas's environment background and toxicity
level ... 37
Examination methods for public places - Part 1:
Physical parameters
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 18204 specifies the measurement method of physical factors
in public places.
This part applies to the determination of physical factors in public places, other
places, rooms and other indoor environments can be implemented with
reference to this part.
Note: In addition to the fresh air volume testing method in this part, if there are two or
more testing methods for the same indicator, they can be selected according to
technical conditions, but the first method is the arbitration method.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 18049 Moderate thermal environments - Determination of the PMV
and PPD indices and specification of the conditions for thermal comfort
GB/T 18883-2002 Indoor air quality standard
HJ/T 10.2 Guideline on management of radioactive environmental protection
- Electromagnetic radiation monitoring - Instruments and methods
3 Air temperature
3.1 Glass liquid thermometer method
3.1.1 Principle
The glass liquid thermometer is composed of a thin-walled temperature bulb
containing the liquid of the thermometer and a thin glass tube sealed and
connected with the temperature bulb. The change of air temperature will cause
Where:
α - The zero point indicated by the thermometer;
b - The zero position of standard thermometer calibration.
3.1.4.2 Result expression: The measurement result of an area is given by the
arithmetic average of the measured values of each measuring point in the area.
3.1.5 Measuring range
The air temperature is 0 °C ~ 50 °C.
3.2 Digital display thermometer method
3.2.1 Principle
Using PN junction thermistor, thermocouple, platinum resistance, etc. as the
temperature sensor of the thermometer, the electrical signal generated by the
sensor itself with temperature change is amplified and A/D converted, then the
air temperature is directly displayed by the display.
3.2.2 Instruments
Digital thermometer: The minimum resolution is 0.1 °C; the measurement
accuracy is ±0.5 °C.
3.2.3 Measurement procedure
3.2.3.1 Perform periodic inspection and pre-use calibration of the instrument as
required.
3.2.3.2 For the arrangement of measuring points, see A.2.
3.2.3.3 Operate according to the instrument manual.
3.2.3.4 After the reading displayed on the display is stable, the temperature
value can be read.
3.2.4 Result calculation
See 3.1.4.2 for the result expression.
3.2.5 Measuring range
The air temperature is 0 °C ~ 60 °C.
The thermoelectric anemometer is composed of a probe and a measuring
instrument. The heating ring (wire) of the probe is exposed to a certain air
velocity, which causes a change in the heating current or voltage of the probe.
The temperature rise of the probe is negatively proportional to the air velocity,
so the air velocity value can be displayed by pointer or figure.
5.2 Instruments
Pointer thermoelectric anemometer or digital display thermoelectric
anemometer: the lowest detection value is not more than 0.05 m/s.
5.3 Measurement procedure
5.3.1 For the arrangement of measuring points, see A.2.
5.3.2 Use the analog thermoelectric anemometer to adjust the zero point and
full scale of the meter according to the manual; use the digital display
thermoelectric anemometer to perform self-check or preheating.
5.3.3 Pull out the stylus probe gently; aim the red dot on the probe with the
direction of the incoming air; read the air velocity value.
5.3.4 Perform periodic check and pre-use calibration of the instrument as
required.
5.4 Result calculation
Result expression: The measurement result of an area is given by the arithmetic
average of the measured values of each measuring point in the area.
5.5 Measuring range and measuring error
The measurement range is 0.1 m/s ~ 10 m/s; in the range of 0.1 m/s ~ 2 m/s,
the measurement error is not more than ±10%.
6 Indoor fresh air volume
6.1 Tracer gas method
6.1.1 Principle
The tracer gas method is the tracer gas concentration decay method. The
commonly used tracer gases are CO2 and SF6. A proper amount of tracer gas
is introduced into the room to be tested. Due to the exchange of indoor and
outdoor air, the concentration of the tracer gas decays exponentially. According
to the value of the concentration change with time, calculate the indoor fresh
air volume and the number of air changes.
Non-mechanically ventilated public places with less than 5 air changes per hour
(places without centralized air conditioning systems).
6.2 Air duct method
6.2.1 Principle
When the mechanical ventilation system is in normal operation or under
specified working conditions, the fresh air volume of the cross-section is
calculated by measuring the area of a certain cross-section of the fresh air duct
and the average air velocity of the cross-section. If a system has multiple fresh
air ducts, the air volume of each fresh air duct must be measured. The sum of
all fresh air ducts is the total fresh air volume of the system. According to the
number of people in the service area of the system, it can obtain the fresh air
volume result.
6.2.2 Instruments
6.2.2.1 Standard Pitot tube: Kp = 0.99 ± 0.01, or S-shaped Pitot tube Kp = 0.84
± 0.01.
6.2.2.2 Micromanometer: The accuracy is not less than 2%; the minimum
reading is not more than 1 Pa.
6.2.2.3 Thermoelectric anemometer: The minimum reading is not more than 0.1
m/s.
6.2.2.4 Liquid glass thermometer or resistance thermometer: The minimum
reading is not more than 1 °C.
6.2.3 Requirements for measuring points
6.2.3.1 The cross-section where the measuring point is located shall be
selected in a straight duct section with stable airflow, avoiding elbows and parts
with sharp changes in cross-section.
6.2.3.2 The location and number of measurement points for circular ducts:
Divide the ducts into an appropriate number of equal-area concentric rings;
select the measuring points at the intersection of the center line of each ring
area and the two vertical diameter lines. The number of measuring points of
circular air duct is as shown in Table 1. For air ducts with a diameter less than
0.3 m and a relatively uniform flow velocity distribution, a point at the center of
the air duct can be used as the measuring point. For air ducts with symmetrical
airflow distribution and relatively uniform airflow, the measuring points along
only one direction can be used for measuring.
Digital sound level meters usually use capacitive acoustic-electric transducers
to convert the measured sound signal into an electrical signal, which becomes
a sound level value after a certain amount of internal processing. Use a sound
level meter to measure a certain number of indoor environment A-weighted
sound level values within a specified time; calculate the equivalent A sound
level LAeq, which is the indoor noise value.
7.2 Instruments
Digital sound level meter: The measuring range (A sound level) is 30 dB ~ 120
dB, at an accuracy of ±1.0 dB.
7.3 Measurement procedure
7.3.1 For the arrangement of measuring points, see A.3.
7.3.2 Use a calibrator to calibrate the sound level meter before measurement.
7.3.3 The sound level meter can be hand-held or fixed on a tripod during
measurement; the effect of sound reflection shall be minimized.
7.3.4 For steady-state noise, use the sound level meter to read the indicated
value or average value for 1 min. For impulse noise, read the peak value and
pulse hold value.
7.3.5 For periodic noise, use the slow gear of the sound level meter to read an
instantaneous A sound level value every 5 s; measure a period.
7.3.6 For non-periodic non-steady-state noise, use the slow gear of the sound
level meter to read an instantaneous A sound level value every 5 s; read several
data continuously.
7.4 Calculation of results
7.4.1 If the indoor environment noise is steady-state noise, the indicated value
or average value of the sound level meter is the equivalent A sound level LAeq.
7.4.2 If the indoor environment noise is impulse noise, the peak value measured
by the sound level meter is the equivalent A sound level LAeq.
7.4.3 If the indoor environmental noise is periodic or other non-periodic non-
steady-state noise, the equivalent A sound level LAeq is calculated as shown in
formula (12).
Where:
LAeq - The equivalent A sound level of indoor environmental noise, in decibels
(dB);
n - The total number of measured data in the specified time t;
LAi - The sound level A of the ith measurement, in decibels (dB).
7.4.4 Result expression: The measurement result of an area is given by the
arithmetic mean value of the equivalent A sound level of each measuring point
in the area.
8 Illuminance (Illuminance meter method)
8.1 Principle
The illuminance meter is made using the physical photoelectric phenomenon of
photosensitive semiconductor components. When the external light hits the
photodetector (photoelectric element), the photoelectric element converts the
light energy into electric energy, then the illuminance value of the light is
displayed by the reading unit (ammeter or digital liquid crystal panel).
8.2 Instruments
Illuminance meter: The lower limit of the range is not more than 1 lx, the upper
limit is not less than 5000 lx; the error of the indication value is not more than
±8%.
8.3 Measurement procedure
8.3.1 See A.4 for the arrangement of measuring points.
8.3.2 Check and adjust the illuminance meter according to the requirements of
the instruction manual.
8.3.3 The light receiver of the illuminance meter shall be clean and dust-free.
8.3.4 The light receiver of the illuminance meter shall be placed horizontally
during measurement.
8.3.5 Place the light receiver at the position to be measured; select the range
and read the illuminance value.
8.3.6 The operator's position and clothing shall not affect the measurement
results.
8.3.7 Perform periodic verification and pre-use calibration of the instrument as
required.
10 Atmospheric pressure (empty box barometer
method)
10.1 Principle
The atmospheric pressure is measured according to the characteristics of the
compression or expansion of the metal empty box (close to the vacuum in the
box) with the change of the pressure. It consists of three parts: induction,
transmission and indication. The elastic metal empty box close to the vacuum
is balanced with an elastic sheet. Following compression or expansion, the air
pressure value can be directly indicated by passing the extension motion to the
pointer through the transfer amplification.
10.2 Instruments
Ordinary empty box barometer: Sensitivity is 0.5 hPa, accuracy is ±2 hPa;
plateau empty box barometer: sensitivity is 0.5 hPa, accuracy is ±3.3 hPa.
10.3 Measurement procedure
10.3.1 Perform periodic verification and pre-use calibration of the instrument as
required.
10.3.2 After opening the cover of the barometer box cover, read the attached
temperature first to an accuracy of 0.1 °C; tap the surface of the box (overcome
the mechanical friction in the barometer in the empty box); start reading after
the pointer is swing and stand still. When reading, the line of sight needs to be
perpendicular to the scale surface; the value shown on the tip of the reading
pointer shall be accurate to 0.1 hPa.
10.4 Result calculation
The calculation of atmospheric pressure is as shown in formula (14).
Where:
P - Atmospheric pressure, the unit is Pascals (Pa);
P1 - Scale correction value, as given in the instrument manual, the unit is
Pascals (Pa);
P2 - Temperature correction value, the unit is Pascals (Pa);
P3 - Supplementary correction value, as given in the verification certificate,
σ - Stephen Boltzmann's constant, 5.67 × 10-8 W/m2.
Note: Do not touch the metal part of the probe with your hands during the
measurement, to ensure the accuracy of the test.
11.2 Black bulb thermometer
11.2.1 Principle
The radiant heat in the environment is absorbed by the black-painted copper
ball, which increases the temperature in the copper bulb. The temperature in
the copper bulb is measured by a thermometer, meanwhile the air temperature
and air velocity are also measured. Since the temperature in the copper bulb is
related to the ambient air temperature, air velocity and the intensity of radiant
heat in the environment, the average radiation temperature of the environment
can be calculated according to the temperature, air temperature and air velocity
in the copper bulb.
11.2.2 Instruments
11.2.2.1 Black copper bulb: It is 150 mm in diameter, 0.5 mm in thickness, with
matt black paint or ink on the surface; the upper hole is plugged with a cork
which has a hole. The black surface of the copper bulb shall be painted evenly,
but not excessively bright and reflective.
11.2.2.2 Thermometer: A liquid glass thermometer or a digital thermometer can
be used, with the smallest scale division of not greater than 0.2 °C. The
measuring accuracy is ±0.5 °C; the measuring range is 0 °C ~ 200 °C. Refer to
3.1.3 or 3.2.3 for the use requirements of the thermometer.
11.2.3 Measurement procedures and precautions
11.2.3.1 Insert the thermometer probe into the small hole of the black bulb's
cork hole and hang it at a height of 1 m above the point to be measured.
11.2.3.2 Take the reading after 15 minutes; then read it again after 3 minutes.
If the two readings are the same, it is the black bulb temperature. If the second
reading is higher than the first one, it shall be read again after 3 minutes, until
the temperature is constant.
11.2.3.3 When measuring the temperature at the same place, the thermometer
bulb must be thermal-shielded with heat, to prevent the influence of radiant heat.
11.2.3.4 Determine the average air velocity at the monitoring point according to
the electric anemometer method or the digital anemometer method.
11.2.4 Result calculation
Eλ - Light wave radiance (radiation of each wavelength), the unit is watts per
square meter nanometer [W/(m2·nm)];
S(λ) - The effective value of light wave;
Δλ - The ultraviolet bandwidth within the measurement range, in nanometers
(nm).
14.5 Measurement record
The measurement record shall include the measurement date, measurement
time, meteorological conditions, measurement location and specific
measurement location, the type and parameters of the equipment under test,
the model and parameters of the measurement equipment, the measurement
data, the information of the measurement personnel.
14.6 Precautions
During on-site measurement, a detailed record shall be made of the location
and time of the operator. On-site measurement shall design a reasonable
monitoring plan for the residence time, exposed location and posture of the
personnel at each location; the measurement personnel shall pay attention to
personal protection.
15 Radon concentration in the air
The concentration of radon in the indoor air of public places shall be tested in
accordance with A.6 of GB/T 18883-2002.
16 Pool water temperature (thermometer method)
16.1 Principle
The change of water temperature can cause the temperature of the bulb of the
glass liquid thermometer to change, thereby changing the liquid volume in the
temperature bulb, or change the electrical signal generated by the thermistor
sensor of the digital thermometer. The height of the liquid column in the
indication tube of the glass liquid thermometer indicates the temperature of the
pool water, whilst the digital thermometer directly displays the temperature of
the pool water on the display.
16.2 Instruments
16.2.1 Glass liquid thermometer: Measurement accuracy ±1.0 °C.
16.2.2 Digital display thermometer: Measurement accuracy ±1.0 °C.
16.3 Measurement procedure
16.3.1 Immerse the thermometer directly 15 cm ~ 20 cm below the water
surface of the pool; make measurement after the reading becomes constant.
16.3.2 If the water temperature cannot be directly measured, it can be carried
out in a water sample bottle. At least 1 L volume of water shall be collected from
the water sample bottle. The water sample bottle shall be immersed in the water
for 1 min ~ 2 min before the measurement. Measurement can only be made
after the bottle temperature is same as the water temperature.
16.3.3 Follow the steps in the instrument manual for specific operations.
16.3.4 Avoid direct heat or sunlight during measurement.
17 Pool water transparency (type method)
17.1 Principle
When natural swimming pool water contains suspended and colloidal
compounds, the transparency of the water is greatly reduced. The transparency
of water is inversely proportional to the turbidity. The higher the content of
suspended matter in the water, the lower the transparency. The difference in
the distance between the type symbol and the water surface when the
underwater type symbol can be recognized reflects the transparency of the
natural swimming pool water.
17.2 Instruments
17.2.1 Transparency tester: A glass tube which has a length of 33 cm and an
inner diameter of 2.5 cm, engraved with a scale in centimeters (cm); there is a
polished glass sheet at the bottom of the tube. Fill a rubber ring between the
glass tube and the glass sheet and fix it with a metal clip. One side of the glass
tube is connected to the bottom 1 cm ~ 2 cm of the glass tube, which can be
used for water discharge.
17.2.2 Standard type symbol: Use the third row of symbols of standard eye
chart (decimal notation 0.3, standard distance 100 cm).
17.3 Measurement procedure
17.3.1 The transparency tester is placed in a well-lit room, but it shall not be
exposed to direct sunlight. It is generally appropriate to be about 1 m away from
a window with direct sunlight.
17.3.2 Place the type printed symbol under the measuring device; the printed
Appendix A
(Normative)
On-site testing point layout requirements
A.1 Scope
This Appendix specifies the basic requirements for the layout of on-site testing
points for physical factors in public places.
A.2 Requirements for the layout of measuring points for air temperature,
relative humidity, indoor air velocity
A.2.1 Number of measuring points: 1 measuring point for indoor area less than
50 m2, 2 measuring points for 50 m2 ~ 200 m2, 3 ~ 5 measuring points for more
than 200 m2.
A.2.2 Measuring point location: 1 indoor measuring point is set in the center, 2
sampling points are set on the indoor symmetrical point, 3 measuring points are
set on the 3 equal points of the indoor diagonal quarter, 5 measuring points are
arranged according to the plum pattern, the others are arranged according to
the principle of uniform arrangement.
A.2.3 Measuring point distance: The height of the measuring point from the
ground is 1 m ~ 1.5 m, the distance from the wall is no less than 0.5 m, the
indoor air temperature's measuring point shall be no less than 0.5 m from the
heat source.
A.3 Requirements for arrangement of noise measuring points
A.3.1 Number of measuring points: For noise sources outside public places, set
according to A.2.1; for noise sources inside public places, set up 3 measuring
points.
A.3.2 Measurement point location: For the noise source outside the public place,
set according to A.2.2; for the noise source in the public place, make setting on
the 3 equal divisions of the straight-line quartering from the center of the noise
source to the center of the opposite wall.
A.3.3 Measuring point distance: The height of the measuring point from the
ground is 1 m ~ 1.5 m; the distance from the wall and other main reflecting
surfaces is not less than 1 m.
A.4 Layout requirements for illuminance measuring points
......
GB/T 18204.1-2000
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Methods of microbiological examination for air in
public places -
Determination of aerobic bacterial count
ISSUED ON. SEPTEMBER 30, 2000
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 01, 2001
Issued by. National Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau
GB
Tips - GB 18204 Series (not part of this Standard)
Standard Description Issued Date
Enforced
Date Newer Version (Click to Check)
GB/T 18204.1-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for air in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.2-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for tea set in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.3-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for tea set in public places - Determination of coliform bacteria 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.4-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for towel and bedclothes in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.5-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for towel and bedclothes in public places - Determination of Coliform bacteria 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.6-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for barber's tools - Determination of Coliform bacteria 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.7-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for barber's tools - Determination of Staphylococcus aureus 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.8-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for slippers in public places - Determination of molds and yeasts count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.9-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for water in swimming pool - Determination of aerobic bacterial count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.10-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for water in swimming pool - Determination of Coliform bacteria 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.11-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for bath tube and wash basin in public places - Determination of aerobic bacterial count 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.12-2000 Methods of microbiological examination for bath tube and wash basin in public places - Determination of Coliform bacteria 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.16-2000 Method for determination of atmospheric pressure in public places 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.18-2000 Method for determination of air change flow of indoor air in public places 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.19-2000 Method for measurement of infiltration rates of indoor air in public places 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.23-2000 Methods for determination of carbon monoxide in air of public places 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.28-2000 Method for determination of temperature in water of swimming place 2000-09-30 2001-01-01
GB/T 18204.1-2013 Hygiene inspection methods in public places - Part 1. Physical factors 2014-12-01
GB/T 18204.3-2013 Hygiene inspection methods in public places - Part 3. Airborne microbes 2014-12-01
GB/T 18204.4-2013 Hygiene inspection methods in public places - Part 4. Public appliances microorganisms 2014-12-01
GB/T 18204.5-2013 Hygiene inspection methods in public places - Part 5. Air conditioning system 2014-12-01
GB/T 18204.6-2013 Hygiene inspection methods in public places - Part 6. Health monitoring technical specifications 2014-12-01
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 6
1 Scope ... 7
2 Definitions... 7
3 Instruments and devices ... 7
4 Medium ... 8
5 Operational steps ... 8
Foreword
In order to implement the "Public Places Hygienic Management Regulations" and GB
9663~9673-1996, GB 16153-1996 "Public Places Hygienic Standard”, and to strengthen
the hygienic supervision and management of public places, this Standard is formulated.
The methods in this Standard are the supervision and inspection methods supporting to
GB 9663~9673-1996.
The first method of this Standard is the arbitration method.
This Standard is released for the first-time.
This Standard is proposed by Ministry of Health, the People's Republic of China.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine and
Environmental Hygiene Monitoring Institute, Beijing Municipal Health and Epidemic
Prevention Station, Guangdong Provincial Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, and
Tianjing Municipal Health and Epidemic Prevention Station.
The main drafters of this Standard. Zhou Shuyu, Chen Xiping, Gao Hui, Cai Han, and
Zhang Shulan.
Methods of microbiological examination for air in public places -
Determination of aerobic bacterial count
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination method of total number of bacteria in the air of
public places.
This Standard applies to the determination of total number of bacteria in the air of public
places.
2 Definitions
This Standard uses the following definitions.
2.1 Impacting method
It refers to the sampling determination method - USE percussive air microbial sampler to
sample; through pumping dynamic action, LET air go through slits or small holes so as to
generate high-speed airflow; so that the bacteria-carrying particles suspended in air hit
onto nutrient agar plate; after incubating at 37ºC for 48 h; CALCULATE the number of
bacterial colonies contained in each cubic meter of air.
2.2 Natural sinking method
It refers to the sampling determination method - A nutrient agar plate, diameter of 9 cm, is
exposed for 5 min at the sampling point; after incubating at 37ºC for 48 h; CALCULATE
the number of grown bacterial colonies.
3 Instruments and devices
3.1 High-pressure steam sterilizer.
3.2 Dry-heat Sterilizer.
3.3 Thermostat incubator.
3.4 Refrigerator.
3.5 Petri dish (diameter of 9 cm).
3.6 General devices for preparing medium. Measuring bottle, conical flask, pH meter or
precision pH paper, etc.
3.7 Percussive air microbial sampler.
and shall avoid those air-circulation locations such as air conditioning, windows and doors.
5.2.2 PLACE the nutrient agar plate at the sampling point, OPEN the dish lid, EXPOSE
for 5min, COVER the dish lid, FLIP the plate, PLACE into 36ºC ± 1ºC thermostat incubator
to INCUBATE for 48 h.
5.2.3 COUNT the number of colonies grown on each plate, CALCULATE the average
number of colonies of all sampling points. The number of colonies per petri dish (cfu/DISH)
shall be reported as the result.
......
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