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GB/T 16840.4-2021: Technical determination methods for electrical fire evidence - Part 4: Metallographic analysis method
Status: Valid GB/T 16840.4: Evolution and historical versions
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Technical determination methods for electrical fire evidence - Part 4: Metallographic analysis method
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GB/T 16840.4-2021
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| GB 16840.4-1997 | English | 399 |
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[GB/T 16840.4-1997] Technical determination method for electrical fire cause. Part 4: Metallographic method
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 16840.4-2021 (GB/T16840.4-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | GB/T 16840.4-2021: Technical determination methods for electrical fire evidence - Part 4: Metallographic analysis method
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Technical determination methods for electrical fire evidence - Part 4.Metallographic analysis method
ICS 13.220.20
CCSC80/89
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 16840.4-1997
Technical Appraisal Method of Electrical Fire Trace Material Evidence
Part 4.Metallographic Analysis
Released on 2021-08-20
2021-08-20 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅲ
Introduction Ⅳ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Principle 1
5 Equipment, equipment and reagents 2
5.1 Main equipment 2
5.2 Other equipment 2
5.3 Equipment 2
5.4 Reagent 2
6 Inspection material 2
6.1 Selection and interception of inspection materials 2
6.2 Preparation of metallographic samples 2
7 Method step 3
8 Metallographic structure characteristics 3
8.1 Metallographic structure characteristics of fire melting marks (melt beads) 3
8.2 Metallographic structure characteristics of short-circuit melting marks (melt beads) 3
8.3 Metallographic structure characteristics of a short-circuit melt mark (melt bead) 3
8.4 Metallographic structure characteristics of secondary short circuit melt marks (melt beads) 3
8.5 Metallographic structure characteristics of short-circuit splashed molten beads 4
8.6 Metallographic structure characteristics of electrothermal melt marks 4
8.7 Metallographic structure characteristics of non-electric heating traces 4
9 Comprehensive Judgment 4
Foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents"
Drafting.
This document is the fourth part of GB/T 16840 "Technical Appraisal Method for Electrical Fire Trace Material Evidence". GB/T 16840 has been released
The following parts.
---Part 1.Macro Law;
---Part 2.Remanence detection method;
---Part 3.Auger analysis method;
---Part 4.Metallographic Analysis;
---Part 5.Identification and extraction methods of electrical fire material evidence;
---Part 6.SEM microscopic morphology analysis method;
---Part 7.EDS component analysis method;
---Part 8.Thermal analysis method.
This document replaces GB/T 16840.4-1997 "Technical Appraisal Method of Electrical Fire Cause Part 4.Metallographic Analysis Method". and
Compared with GB/T 16840.4-1997, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Changed the scope of application (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the.1997 edition);
--- Added a chapter "Normative Reference Documents" (see Chapter 2);
--- Deleted all the terms and definitions of the.1997 edition, and added "short-circuit melting mark", "short-circuit splashing molten bead", "electric melting mark" and "non-electrical melting mark".
The terms and definitions of "heat traces" (see Chapter 3, Chapter 2 of the.1997 edition);
---Change and improve the relevant content of the principle of metallographic analysis (see Chapter 4, Chapter 3 of the.1997 edition);
---Added the equipment used for appearance observation and the equipment and reagents required in the analysis process (see Chapter 5, Chapter 4 of the.1997 edition);
--- Changed the erosion time, deleted the provisions of photomicrography, development and fixation and exposure (see Chapter 6, Chapter 5 of the.1997 edition);
---Added a "method step" chapter (see Chapter 7);
---Modified and improved the metallographic structure characteristics of the fire melt mark (melt bead), the metallographic structure feature of the primary short-circuit melt mark (melt bead) and the secondary short
The metallographic structure of the road melt mark (melt bead), the metallographic structure of the short-circuit melt mark (melt bead), and the metallographic structure of the short-circuit splashed bead are added.
Microstructure characteristics, metallographic structure characteristics of electrothermal melt marks and metallographic structure characteristics of non-electrothermal traces (see Chapter 8, Chapter 8 of the.1997 edition)
Chapter 6);
--- Added the chapter "Comprehensive Judgment" (see Chapter 9);
--- Deleted the written procedures that should be performed when submitting for inspection and appraisal (see Chapter 7 of the.1997 edition).
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document is not responsible for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Fire Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC113).
This document was drafted by. Shenyang Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Emergency Management, and Shanghai Fire Protection of the Ministry of Emergency Management
Research Institute, Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Emergency Management Department.
The main drafters of this document. Di Man, Zhao Changzheng, Gao Wei, Zhang Ming, Xia Dawei, E Dazhi, Chen Ke, Yang Shiqun, Huang Hao.
The previous versions of this document and the documents replaced are as follows.
---GB/T 16840.4-1997;
---This is the first revision.
Introduction
The identification of electrical fire evidence is an important part of the investigation of the cause of fire by emergency rescue and firefighting agencies, especially when it is accompanied by national
The improvement of the legal system of the family, the enhancement of citizens’ awareness of the legal system, the identification of physical evidence has been used as strong evidence for the identification of the cause of the fire, and it is a fire rescue agency.
The determination of the cause of the fire provides scientific, fast and accurate technical support. In this regard, my country has established a technology for evidence of electrical fire traces.
National standard system for identification methods. In this standard system, GB/T 16840 "Technical Appraisal Method for Electrical Fire Trace Material Evidence" is a guide for me
The method and basis for the relevant agencies of the country to engage in the identification of electrical fire evidence is planned to consist of eight parts, and the purpose is to establish
Trace physical evidence for macro analysis, remanence analysis, Auger analysis, metallographic analysis, physical evidence identification and extraction, SEM microscopic morphology analysis, and component analysis
And the method and basis for thermal analysis.
---Part 1.Macro Law;
---Part 2.Remanence detection method;
---Part 3.Auger analysis method;
---Part 4.Metallographic Analysis;
---Part 5.Identification and extraction methods of electrical fire material evidence;
---Part 6.SEM microscopic morphology analysis method;
---Part 7.EDS component analysis method;
---Part 8.Thermal analysis method.
Metallographic analysis is an analysis method used in the identification of electrical fire traces in my country. The traces specified in this document
The technical content related to the inspection materials, method steps and metallographic organization characteristics related to the technical identification of certification
"Research on Short-Circuit Fire" is proposed on the basis of basic test data and years of actual fire material evidence identification work, and obtained from the actual fire scene
Verify and prove that it is feasible. This revision of GB/T 16840.4 focuses on the rigor and standardization of document preparation and presentation.
Part of the content has been improved, so that the identification workers of fire traces have evidence to rely on when using the metallographic analysis method to improve work efficiency.
Technical Appraisal Method of Electrical Fire Trace Material Evidence
Part 4.Metallographic Analysis
1 Scope
This document specifies the principle, equipment, equipment and reagents, inspection materials and methods of the metallographic analysis method for the technical identification method of electrical fire traces.
Steps, characteristics of metallographic organization and comprehensive judgment.
This document is applicable to the identification of the nature of the fire based on the metallographic characteristics of the fire traces in the fire scene during the fire investigation.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the indispensable clauses of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated quotations
Only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to
This document.
GB/T 16840.1 Technical Appraisal Method of Electrical Fire Trace Material Evidence Part 1.Macro Method
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 16840.1 apply to this document.
3.1
Short circuit melt mark meltedmarkcausedbyshortcircuit
Copper and aluminum wires are short-circuited and formed melting marks on the wires.
Note. Short-circuit melting marks include primary short-circuit melting marks and secondary short-circuit melting marks.
3.2
Short circuit splashes molten beads splashdownmeltedbeadcausedbyshortcircuit
Copper and aluminum conductors are melted and splashed at the moment of short-circuit or......
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