GB/T 16716.6-2024_English: PDF (GB/T16716.6-2024)
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Packaging and the environment - Part 6: Organic recycling
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Packaging and packaging waste -- Part 6: Recoverable by energy recovery
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GB/T 16716.6-2012
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Standard ID | GB/T 16716.6-2024 (GB/T16716.6-2024) | Description (Translated English) | Packaging and the environment - Part 6��Organic recycling | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | A80 | Classification of International Standard | 55.020 | Word Count Estimation | 28,298 | Date of Issue | 2024-08-23 | Date of Implementation | 2024-08-23 | Administrative Organization | National Packaging Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 49) | Proposing organization | National Technical Committee for Standardization of Information Technology (SAC/TC 28) | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | Standard ID | GB/T 16716.6-2012 (GB/T16716.6-2012) | Description (Translated English) | Packaging and packaging waste. Part 6: Recoverable by energy recovery | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | A80 | Classification of International Standard | 55.020 | Word Count Estimation | 17,140 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 4122.1; GB 16297; GB/T 16716.1-2008; GB/T 16716.2; GB/T 16716.3; GB 18485; GB 18599; GB/T 23156; CEN/CR 13695-1; CEN/TR 13695-2 | Drafting Organization | Chinese Export Commodities Packaging Research Institute | Administrative Organization | National Packaging Standardization Technical Committee | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin No. 28 of 2012 | Proposing organization | National Packaging Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 49) | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | Summary | This standard specifies the assessment of packaging can be reused in the form of energy recovery requirements and procedures. This section applies may be in the form of energy recovery and reuse of packaging or packaging component. |
GB/T 16716.6-2024
Packaging and the environment - Part 6.Organic recycling
Packaging and the environment Part 6.Organic recycling
(ISO 18606..2013, Packaging and the environment-
Organic recycling, MOD)
ICS 55.020
CCS A 80
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 16716.7-2012
Released on 2024-08-23
2024-08-23 implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅱ
1 Scope ···· 1
2 Normative references ···· 1
3 Terms and Definitions ···· 1
4 Overview ···· 2
5 Basic Requirements ··· 3
5.1 Component Control ···· 3
5.2 Evaluation ··· 3
5.3 Circumstances where assessment may be exempted 3
6 Specific requirements ··· 4
6.1 Evaluation Requirements 4
6.2 Packaging quality characteristics ···· 4
6.3 Ultimate biodegradation 4
6.4 Disintegration 5
6.5 No negative impact on the plant growth capacity of compost ···· 5
7 Evaluation Results 6
8 Test Report ··· 6
Appendix A (Normative) Limitation of the maximum content of metal elements and other environmentally hazardous substances 7
A.1 Content requirements 7
A.2 Test method 7
Appendix B (Informative) Organic Cycle Assessment Flowchart ····· 8
Appendix C (Informative) Examples of packaging suitable for organic recycling 12
C.1 Overview 12
C.2 Plastics Manufacturer Example ··· 12
C.3 Paper Manufacturer Example 13
C.4 Examples of Plastic Product Processors 13
C.5 Example of a paper products processor 13
C.6 Plastic packaging manufacturer example 13
C.7 Example of a paper packaging manufacturer 13
C.8 Food packaging examples ··· 13
C.9 Multi-layer packaging example 13
C.10 Examples of some organically recyclable packaging ··· 14
Appendix D (Normative) Determination of ecotoxicity effects on higher plants 15
D.1 Overview 15
D.2 Characteristics of the reference matrix 15
D.3 Sample preparation 15
D.4 Selection of plant varieties 15
D.5 Test implementation 15
D.6 Result Evaluation 15
Appendix E (Informative) Sample report of organic recycling assessment test ····· 16
References ··· 17
Preface
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
This document is Part 6 of GB/T 16716 “Packaging and Environment”. GB/T 16716 has published the following parts.
Part 1.General;-
Part 2.Packaging system optimization;-
Part 3.Reuse;-
Part 4.Material recycling; -
Part 5.Energy recovery;-
Part 6.Organic Cycles. -
This document replaces GB/T 16716.7-2012 "Packaging and packaging waste Part 7.Biodegradation and composting".
Compared with GB/T 16716.7-2012, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
The scope of the application has been changed (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of GB/T 16716.7-2012); a)
The term and definition of “packaging material composition” (see 3.1 of GB/T 16716.7-2012) have been deleted; b)
Added the terms and definitions of “composting”, “composting process”, “organic recycling” and “anaerobic digestion” (see 3.1, 3.2, 3.9,
3.10);
c)
Changed the terms and definitions of “total dry solids”, “ultimate biodegradability” and “packaging components” (see 3.4, 3.5, 3.7,
GB/T 16716.7-2012, 3.5, 3.4, 3.2);
d)
Added normative references GB/T 19277.2, GB/T 19811 (see 6.3.1.1, 6.4.1, 6.5.2); e)
Changed the “Selection of Plant Species” in “Determination of Ecotoxicological Effects on Higher Plants” (see Appendix D,
Appendix E of GB/T 16716.7-2012).
f)
This document is modified to adopt ISO 18606.2013 “Packaging and the Environmental Cycle”.
Compared with ISO 18606.2013, this document has the following structural adjustments.
6.3.1.1 corresponds to the suspension section between 6.3.1 and 6.3.1.1 in ISO 18606.2013; -
6.3.1.2 corresponds to 6.3.1.1 of ISO 18606.2013; -
6.3.1.3 corresponds to 6.3.1.2 of ISO 18606.2013; -
Appendix B corresponds to Appendix C of ISO 18606.2013; -
Appendix C corresponds to Appendix E of ISO 18606.2013; -
Annex D corresponds to Annex B of ISO 18606.2013; -
Appendix E corresponds to Appendix D of ISO 18606.2013.-
The technical differences between this document and ISO 18606.2013 and their reasons are as follows.
The summary was changed and the statements outside the scope of application (see Chapter 1) were deleted to comply with the requirements of GB/T 1.1-2020; -
ISO 21067.2007 (see Chapter 3) has been replaced by the normative reference GB/T 23156 to adapt to the latest technological developments and my country's
Technical conditions to increase operability;
The normative references GB/T 19276.1 replaced ISO 1 4 8 5 1, GB/T 1 9 2 7 6.2 replaced ISO 1 4 8 5 2,
GB/T 19277.1 replaces ISO 14855﹘1, and GB/T 19277.2 replaces ISO 14855﹘2 (see 6.3.1.1) to adapt to
my country's technical conditions increase operability;
Change the biodegradability test method to be used from "international standard" to "national standard" (see 6.3.1.1) to accommodate
my country's technical conditions increase operability;
The normative reference GB/T 19811 replaced ISO 16929 (see 6.4.1, 6.5.2) to adapt to my country's technical conditions.
Increase operability;
The maximum content requirements of metal elements and other environmentally hazardous substances in solid materials in my country have been added (see Table A.1) to improve
High standards of suitability.
The following editorial changes were made to this document.
To be consistent with the existing standard system, the name of the standard is changed to "Packaging and Environment Part 6.Organic Recycling"; -
Change the section title “Overview” to “Content of Assessment” (see 5.2.1);-
Change the section title "Overview" to "Assessment requirements" (see 6.1); -
ISO 15985.2004 is replaced by the informative reference GB/T 33797-2017 (see 6.3.2); -
ISO 20200 is replaced by the informative reference GB/T 41639 (see 6.4.1); -
Change the clause title "General" to "Requirements" (see 6.4.1, 6.5.1); -
The informative reference GB/T 27025 replaces ISO /IEC 17025 (see Annex A); -
ISO 18602 is replaced by the informative reference GB/T 16716.2-2018 (see Appendix A). -
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee on Packaging Standardization (SAC/TC 49).
This document was drafted by. Zhangjiagang Shunmei New Polymer Materials Co., Ltd., Shandong Zhongcheng Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., Xianju County Offset Printing Co., Ltd.
Factory, Wenzhou Zhiliang Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Tiantu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., China Export Commodity Packaging Research Institute, Shenghui New Materials Co., Ltd.
Co., Ltd., Tianjin Huaheng Packaging Materials Co., Ltd., Hebei Shangdong Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., Ganba Desiccant (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
Ltd., Fujian Keda Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Zhengfeng Printing Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Biaoji Packaging Equipment Co., Ltd., Guangdong Eurasia Packaging Co., Ltd.
Company, Yunnan Qiaotong Packaging and Printing Co., Ltd., Hongguang Century (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd., Langfang Junxing Yimei Packaging Products Co., Ltd.
Company, Jinan Dekerui Instrument Co., Ltd., Hunan Yiyongfeng New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou Jiaheng Industrial Co., Ltd., Dongguan Mingfeng
Packaging Co., Ltd., China Packaging Industry Productivity Promotion Center Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Wuba Industrial Co., Ltd., Shandong Product Quality
Quality Inspection Institute, Jiaxing Xingyue Packaging Materials Co., Ltd., Baoyi New Materials Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Jinrui Film Materials Co., Ltd.,
Huazhao Holding Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Chunwang New Materials Co., Ltd., Xiongxian Liya Packaging Materials Co., Ltd., Shanghai Ocean University
Shandong Liman Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Hunan Golden Eagle Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Little Green Packaging Co., Ltd.,
PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Qingyuan Lidao Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Guangdong Academy of Sciences Microbiology Research Institute
Institute, Zhejiang Shanshanjia Food Industry Development Co., Ltd., Hunan Changcheng Mingtai New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Media Vocational College, Zhejiang
Jiang Songshi Industrial Co., Ltd., Hucai Printing Co., Ltd., Henan Huafu Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong Wangying Environmental Protection Packaging Industry Co., Ltd.
Co., Ltd., Suzhou Jiangtian Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., Ningxia Xiajin Box Packaging Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Jinjia Group Co., Ltd.,
Xiamen Jihong Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Huaying Packaging Co., Ltd., Xuchang Yutong Printing and Packaging Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Pulisi
Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document are. Sun Xiao, Sha Xinghong, Du Xiaoyun, Pan Yujun, Lei Tao, Zheng Kailun, Yang Wei, Liu Xiang, Wang Canjun,
Jiang Jinsheng, Lu Jinxia, Yang Qiuyun, Guo Tao, Shao Dehua, Zhang Yaoping, Wang Zhengtian, Gong Yanhui, Li Runmiao, Zheng Xiaobo, Yang Haitao,
Xu Congyan, Zhou Ling, Wang Jian, Xiang Yun, Jiang Chuanxing, Mao Bing, Guo Sijia, Luo Hongyan, Zhang Donghua, Lin Peiji, Han Lixin, Chen Hua,
Wang Jianping, Luo Zhiming, Ren Chunxiao, Chen Huaxiang, Hu Zhengyang, Feng Qingzheng, Lai Shijun, Bian Yongming, Xu Changle, Shi Wenzheng,
Li Xiaoming, Li Yuanyue, Shen Feng, Luo Ronghua, Zhang Wei, Gu Cheng, Mei Chengfang, Hu Zhen, Li Deng, Wang Ping, Deng Guirong, Yue Lei, Li Hui, Shao Zheng,
Cao Bin, Qian Zhenhua, Guo Jiansen, Lin Feng, Cheng Lingling, Xu Hua, Lv Wei, Zhang Heping, Rao Fei, Jia Jinliang, and Lin Xiaobo.
The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows.
First published in.2012 as GB/T 16716.7; -
This is the first revision. -
introduction
In order to strengthen the management of packaging and packaging waste, the European Union issued Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste in.1994, and subsequently issued
EN 13427~EN 13432 are adopted as the coordination standards of this directive. In order to adapt to the development of my country's packaging industry and eliminate international trade barriers
In accordance with the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive and coordinated standards, my country has formulated the national standard GB/T 16716 "Packaging and Packaging Waste"
"Waste" (GB/T 16716.1-2008, GB/T 16716.2~16716.6-2010, GB/T 16716.7-2012) series of standards.
The "Packaging and Packaging Waste" series of standards are professional basic standards in the field of packaging and environment formulated by my country.
It has played a positive leading and driving role in the coordinated development of the packaging industry and the technological progress of the packaging industry.
In.2013, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) also formulated the EN 13427~EN 13432 series of standards based on the EU and combined with international conditions.
The ISO 18601~ISO 18606 "Packaging and Environment" series of standards have been issued. In order to coordinate with international standards and promote international trade
Development, this revision of the GB/T 16716 series of standards adopts international standards and changes the standard name to "Packaging and Environment".
GB/T 16716 consists of 6 parts.
Part 1.General;-
Part 2.Packaging system optimization;-
Part 3.Reuse;-
Part 4.Material recycling; -
Part 5.Energy recovery;-
Part 6.Organic Cycles. -
The relationship between the GB/T 16716 series standards is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Relationship between the “Packaging and Environment” series of standards
Packaging and the environment Part 6.Organic recycling
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements and test report contents for packaging that is recycled in the organic recycling form and gives an explanation of the evaluation results.
This document applies to the assessment of packaging that is returned in the organic recycling form.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.
For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
in this document.
GB/T 19276.1 Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of materials in aqueous culture medium by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer
Method (GB/T 19276.1-2003, ISO 14851.1999, IDT)
GB/T 19276.2 The ultimate aerobic biodegradability of materials in aqueous culture medium is determined by measuring the carbon dioxide released.
Law (GB/T 19276.2-2003, ISO 14852.1999, IDT)
GB/T 19277.1 The ultimate aerobic biodegradability of materials under controlled composting conditions is determined by measuring the carbon dioxide released.
Method Part 1.General method (GB/T 19277.1-2011, ISO 14855﹘1.2005, IDT)
GB/T 19277.2 The ultimate aerobic biodegradability of materials under controlled composting conditions is determined by measuring the carbon dioxide released.
Method Part 2.Determination of carbon dioxide release under laboratory conditions by gravimetric analysis (GB/T 19277.2-2013,
ISO 14855﹘2.2007, IDT)
GB/T 19811 Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under defined composting pilot conditions (GB/T 19811-2005,
ISO 16929.2002, IDT)
GB/T 23156 Packaging Packaging and Environmental Terminology (GB/T 23156-2022, ISO 21067﹘2.2015, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 23156 and the following apply to this document.
3.1
Compost
By biodegrading a mixture consisting mainly of plant residues, occasionally containing other organic materials, and containing limited minerals
The soil conditioner obtained.
[Source. GB/T 23156-2022, 3.6.2]
3.2
Composting
Aerobic digestion process designed to produce compost.
[Source. GB/T 23156-2022, 3.6.3]
3.3
Disintegration
Physically break down materials into fragments.
[Source. GB/T 23156-2022, 3.6.7]
......
GB/T 16716.6-2012
Packaging and packaging waste -- Part 6.Recoverable by energy recovery
ICS 55.020
A80
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Packaging and Packaging Waste
Part 6.Energy Recovery and Utilization
Published on.2012-11-05
2013-05-01 Implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Released by the Standardization Administration of China
Packaging and Packaging Waste
Part 6.Energy Recovery and Utilization
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16716 specifies the requirements and procedures for evaluating the reuse of packaging in the form of energy recovery.
This section applies to packaging or packaging components that can be reused in the form of energy recovery.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 4122.1 Packaging Terminology Part 1.Basics
GB 16297 Comprehensive Emission Standard of Air Pollutants
GB/T 16716.1-2008 Packaging and Packaging Waste Part 1.General Rules for Treatment and Utilization
GB/T 16716.2 Packaging and Packaging Waste Part 2.Evaluation Methods and Procedures
GB/T 16716.3 Packaging and Packaging Waste Part 3.Preliminary Reduction
GB 18485 Standard for Pollution Control of Domestic Waste Incineration
GB 18599 General Industrial Solid Waste Storage and Disposal Site Pollution Control Standard
GB/T 23156 Packaging and Environmental Terminology
CEN/CR13695-1 Packaging Testing and Verification of Four Heavy Metals and Other Hazardous Substances in Packaging and Their Environmental Effects
Emissions Part 1.Requirements for the detection and verification of the presence of four heavy metals in packaging (Packaging-Requirements for
CEN/T R13695-2 Packaging Testing and Verification of Four Heavy Metals and Other Hazardous Substances in Packaging and Their Environmental Effects
Emissions Part 2.Requirements for the detection and verification of the presence of hazardous substances in packaging and their release to the environment (Packaging-Require-
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 4122.1, GB/T 16716.2 and GB/T 23156 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. for convenience
For use, some terms and definitions in GB/T 23156 are repeated below.
3.1
net calorific value; qnet
Unit mass of solid fuel burns under the condition of constant oxygen volume (or pressure), and all reactant residual water is regarded as water vapor
(by 0.1MPa), the absolute value of the energy released during the combustion process until other products reach the total calorific value. The starting temperature was 25°C.
3.2
Required energy requiredenergy;Ha
The energy required for adiabatic heating from ambient temperature to bring the incineration products and excess air of the material to the specified final temperature.
3.3
calorificgain
The amount of energy released by the incineration of a material in excess of what is necessary.
3.4
Adiabatic heating from the specified ambient temperature, the energy released in the incineration is sufficient to make the incineration products and excess air of the material or article reach
to the section specifying the final temperature.
3.5
In the actual industrial system, the total energy released by incineration minus the heat loss can be converted into energy, such as the circulating steam generated by the boiler.
3.6
burning combustion
Oxidation reactions, including the combustion of organic matter and the oxidation of metals (combustion).
3.7
packagingcomponent
Components of a package that can be separated by hand or by simple physical means.
3.8
packagingconstituent
A package or its components that cannot be separated by hand or by simple physical means.
4 Determination of minimum net calorific value
The minimum theoretical net calorific value is an essential characteristic of the material. It depends on the temperature and other necessary conditions of the incineration process. This section treats it as
The necessary energy can be determined by the method of Appendix A. Appendix A uses the minimum theoretical net calorific value from a technical point of view of heat gain.
Heat recovery in industrial systems can be optimized using the practical minimum net heating value, see Appendix B.
5 Requirements
In industrial systems, to optimize energy recovery, the theoretical heat gain should be much greater than zero. Therefore, the net calorific value of combustible materials should not be less than
5MJ/kg (see Appendix B).
Note 1.The content of organic matter constituting the package is greater than 50% (by mass) to provide heat gain, which meets the requirement that the net calorific value is not less than 5MJ/kg. example
Such as, wood, cardboard, paper and other organic fibers, starch, plastics, etc.
Note 2.When the inorganic content of packaging components is greater than 50% (by mass), such as inorganic fillers and inert materials, when their net calorific value is not less than 5MJ/kg,
Energy recovery is possible.
Note 3.The aluminum foil with a thickness of less than 50μm is combustible, and it is possible to recover it, and it is non-flammable if it exceeds 50μm.
Note 4.The inorganic component content of the package is more than 50% (by mass) as it is impossible to recover. For example, glass or metal containers with plastic lids.
6 Procedures
6.1 Application
See GB/T 16716.2 for a detailed description of all applications in this part.
6.2 Evaluation
Methods for assessing the reusability of packaging in the form of energy recovery follow Annex A and refer to Annexes B and C. Common packaging and its
See Table B.1 for relevant data on components or ingredients.
6.3 Declaration of Conformity
The supplier shall formulate a written declaration of conformity according to the provisions of GB/T 16716.2, referring to the examples given in Appendix D.
Appendix C
(informative appendix)
Technical measures in the energy recovery process
C.1 Removal of residual hazardous substances
Combustible packaging intended for energy recovery presents no inherent hazard. However, some packages may have been filled with hazardous substances and when they are discarded
When there is residue in the waste, appropriate removal measures should be taken.
C.2 Control of Heavy Metals
The heavy metal content of the package and its components shall comply with the provisions in 4.1.3 of GB/T 16716.1.Heavy metal content can pass the standard test
test method. Typical packaging can also be calculated according to its material composition, see GB/T 16716.3 and CEN/CR13695-1 for details.
During the energy recovery process, the heavy metal content is mainly concentrated in the solid residue. The materials that have been recycled for many times accumulate more heavy metals, which should be
Dispose of such ingredients safely after incineration.
C.3 Pyrolysis of hazardous organics
When the packaging waste contains hazardous organic substances, it should be incinerated according to the specified furnace temperature, and the discharge should comply with the provisions of GB 16297.when abandoned
If the material contains more than 1% halogenated organic compounds (such as chlorine), the furnace temperature should be raised to above 1100 °C, and the incineration time should be kept at least
2s, thus avoiding the generation of harmful gases.
Note. Usually 1100℃ is the incineration temperature. The furnace temperature for incinerating packaging waste in the form of energy recovery is generally between 800°C and 850°C. Thus, in
In the incineration facility, at least one incinerator that can automatically add gas or liquid fuel is equipped to make the furnace temperature reach the incineration temperature. See EC76/2000 for details.
C.4 Controlling the discharge of acidic substances
Incineration of acidic substances containing sulfur, nitrogen and halogens should take technical and environmental considerations into account. Some wrappers may be required for functionality
contains these ingredients. The incineration facility shall take technical measures to control the emission of all the waste gas generated by the incineration of acidic substances, and the emission shall comply with the
In line with the provisions of GB 16297 and GB 18485.The disposal of residues shall comply with the provisions of GB 18599.Control other hazardous substances see
GB/T 16716.3 and CEN/T R13695-2.
C.5 Provides effective heat gain
Packaging or packaging components intended to be reused in the form of energy recovery should limit their ash content and, if feasible, improve the cost of such packaging.
points so that it provides heat gain during the incineration process. For example, replace inorganic fillers with organic fillers.
C.6 Appropriate Preprocessing
Packaging construction and materials should be suitable for the entire energy recovery process, for example, compressing bulky packaging in the waste stream so that it can be easily
Transport and adapt to the requirements of incineration equipment (furnace mouth).
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