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GB/T 16507.4-2022: Water-tube boilers - Part 4: Strength calculation of pressure parts
Status: Valid GB/T 16507.4: Evolution and historical versions
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| GB/T 16507.4-2022 | English | 1099 |
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Water-tube boilers - Part 4: Strength calculation of pressure parts
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GB/T 16507.4-2022
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| GB/T 16507.4-2013 | English | 150 |
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Water-tube boilers -- Part 4: Strength calculation of pressure parts
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GB/T 16507.4-2013
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 16507.4-2022 (GB/T16507.4-2022) | | Description (Translated English) | | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | GB/T 16507.4-2022: Water-tube boilers - Part 4: Strength calculation of pressure parts---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 27.060.30
CCSJ98
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 16507.4-2013
Released on 2022-03-09
2022-10-01 implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Management Committee
1 Scope
This document specifies the basic requirements for strength calculation of water tube boiler pressure components, allowable stress, calculated wall temperature, calculated pressure, weakening coefficient,
Component thickness, calculation thickness, opening reinforcement, thickness addition, design calculation method of maximum allowable pressure, additional stress check and structural limit
It also stipulates the test and finite element analysis verification methods for determining the maximum allowable working pressure of components.
This document is applicable to the pressure components defined in GB/T 16507.1, including boiler shell, start-up (steam-water) separator shell, header shell,
Tubes, pipes, elbows, elbows, arc-shaped header shells, convex heads, flat end covers and cover plates, tees and other components.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated references
For documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 150.3 Pressure Vessels Part 3.Design
GB/T 16507.1 Water Tube Boilers Part 1.General Rules
GB/T 16507.2 Water Tube Boilers Part 2.Materials
GB/T 16507.3 Water Tube Boilers Part 3.Structural Design
GB/T 16507.5 Water Tube Boilers Part 5.Manufacturing
GB/T 16507.6 Water Tube Boilers Part 6.Inspection, Test and Acceptance
GB/T 16507.7 Water Tube Boilers Part 7.Safety Accessories and Instruments
GB/T 16507.8 Water Tube Boilers Part 8.Installation and Operation
DL/T 695 Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings for Power Stations
DL/T 5366 Technical Regulations for Stress Calculation of Steam and Water Pipelines in Power Plants
4 Basic requirements
4.1 The structure, material, manufacture, installation, use, repair and modification of boiler pressure components designed and calculated according to this document shall comply with
GB/T 16507.1, GB/T 16507.2, GB/T 16507.3, GB/T 16507.5, GB/T 16507.6, GB/T 16507.7 and
Relevant provisions of GB/T 16507.8.
4.2 For boilers used in units with large or frequent fluctuations in parameters such as peak load, the fatigue strength of the pressure components should be checked.
The fatigue strength check of the drum is calculated according to Appendix A, and the fatigue strength check of the start-up (steam-water) separator can also be calculated according to Appendix A.
4.3 For special pressure components that do not meet the applicable conditions stipulated in the chapters and clauses of the main body of this document or are not listed in this document, the components shall be determined according to Appendix B.
Maximum allowable working pressure.
5 allowable stress
5.1 Symbols
This chapter uses the following symbols.
qmax---the maximum heat flux density that the component bears, in kilowatts per square meter (kW/m2);
η --- Correction coefficient;
[σ] --- allowable stress, the unit is megapascal (MPa).
5.2 Selection of allowable stress
5.2.1 The material allowable stress ([σ]) of the pressure component shall be selected according to GB/T 16507.2, and the allowable stress of the material between the listed calculation temperatures shall be
The stress value is determined by the allowable stress value adjacent to the calculated temperature by the arithmetic interpolation method, and decimals should be rounded off.
5.2.2 The allowable stress ([σ]) of the boiler drum, header shell, tee and equal-diameter fork-shaped pipe whose outer wall is heated shall be modified from the allowable stress value of the material in Table 1.
The product of positive coefficients (η).
6 Calculate the wall temperature
6.1 Symbols
This chapter uses the following symbols.
J --- heat flow average flow coefficient;
pr --- boiler rated pressure, in megapascal (MPa);
qmax---the maximum heat flux density of the outer wall of the component, in kilowatts per square meter (kW/m2);
tb --- metal wall temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C);
td --- Calculate the wall temperature, the unit is Celsius (°C);
ti --- Metal inner wall temperature, unit is Celsius (°C);
tm --- Rated average temperature of working fluid, unit is Celsius (°C);
to --- metal outer wall temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C);
ts --- Calculate the saturation temperature of the working fluid corresponding to the pressure (water temperature at the outlet of the hot water boiler), the unit is Celsius (°C);
Δt --- temperature deviation, the unit is Celsius (°C);
X --- working medium mixing coefficient;
αh --- the heat transfer coefficient of the inner wall to the working fluid, the unit is kilowatt per square meter per degree Celsius [kW/(m2·℃)];
β --- The ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter determined according to the nominal thickness;
δ --- the nominal thickness of the cylinder, in millimeters (mm);
λ --- Material thermal conductivity, in kilowatts per meter per degree Celsius [kW/(m·℃)].
6.2 Metal wall temperature
The metal wall temperature of each point of the pressure component is calculated according to the formula (1).
6.3 Calculation of wall temperature by components
6.3.1 The calculated wall temperature (td) shall be the maximum value among the metal wall temperatures at each point of the pressure component.
6.3.2 Calculated wall temperature (td) is determined by heat transfer calculation according to the heating conditions and structural characteristics of the element. The calculated wall temperature of the cylinder is calculated according to the formula (2).
6.3.3 Working fluid mixing coefficient (X). 0 for the boiler body; 1 for the pipe; 0.5 for the header body, and 0 when the working fluid enters from the end.
6.3.4 The Δt value of the header shell and pipes is not less than 10°C; the XΔt value of the unheated superheated steam header shell is not less than 10°C.
6.3.5 The heat flow uniformity coefficient (J) of the boiler shell and header shell is taken as 1.
6.3.6 The rated average temperature (tm) of the working fluid in the boiler drum is taken as the saturation temperature of the working fluid under the calculated pressure (the outlet water temperature of the hot water boiler).
6.3.7 Calculating the wall temperature (td) does not include the fluctuation value of the superheated steam temperature at the boiler outlet within the allowable range of the design.
6.3.8 The calculated wall temperature of components such as heads, flat end caps and tees shall be determined with reference to the connected cylinder or pipe (pipe).
6.3.9 The calculated wall temperature (td) can also be directly selected from Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
7 Calculate the pressure
7.1 Symbols
This chapter uses the following symbols.
p --- component calculation pressure, the unit is megapascal (MPa);
po --- component working pressure, the unit is megapascal (MPa);
pr --- boiler rated pressure, in megapascal (MPa);
Δpa---design additional pressure, the unit is megapascal (MPa);
Δpf --- working fluid flow resistance, the unit is megapascal (MPa);
Δph --- liquid column static pressure, in megapascals (MPa).
7.2 Working pressure of components
7.2.1 The working pressure is calculated according to the formula (3).
7.2.2 When the working fluid flow resistance (Δpf) is taken as the maximum outlet flow rate of the boiler, calculate the pressure drop between the element and the boiler outlet.
7.2.3 When the static pressure of the liquid column at the bottom of the component is not greater than 3%, the static pressure of the liquid column may not be considered.
7.3 Element calculation pressure
7.3.1 The calculated pressure of the components shall be determined according to the formula (4).
7.3.2 The design additional pressure (Δpa) of components shall be determined according to Appendix C.
8 Attenuation factor
8.1 Symbols
This chapter uses the following symbols.
8.2 Minimum attenuation factor
8.2.1 For the center arc of a cylinder, arc-shaped header or elbow (elbow), take the minimum value among the weakening coefficient (φw) of the longitudinal welded joint and the weakening coefficient (φ) of the hole bridge.
8.2.2 For welded and forged tees, take the minimum value among the structural weakening coefficient (φt) and the hole bridge weakening coefficient (φ).
8.2.3 For the convex head, take the minimum value among the structural weakening coefficient (φh) of the opening at the top of the convex head and the weakening coefficient of the welded joint (φw).
8.2.4 For equal-diameter fork-shaped pipes, take the structural weakening coefficient (φt).
8.2.5 The hole bridge overlaps with the weld or the distance from the center of the center hole on the top of the convex head to the edge of the weld is not greater than (0.5d 12)mm, and the weakening system
The value shall be the product of the weakening coefficient (φ) of the hole bridge or the central opening structure at the top of the convex head (φh) and the weakening coefficient (φw) of the welded joint.
8.3 Welding joint weakening factor
8.3.1 The quality of welded joints should comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 16507.5.
8.3.2 Weldi......
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