GB/T 1222-2016 (GB/T1222-2016, GBT 1222-2016, GBT1222-2016)
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| GB/T 1222-2007 | English | 105 |
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| Standard ID | GB/T 1222-2016 (GB/T1222-2016) | | Description (Translated English) | Spring steels | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | H40 | | Classification of International Standard | 77.140.25 | | Word Count Estimation | 30,336 | | Date of Issue | 2016-12-13 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 1222-2007 | | Drafting Organization | Jiangyin Xingcheng Special Steel Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Research Institute, Fangda Special Steel Technology Co., Ltd., Henan Province Productivity Promotion Center, Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Jiaotong University, Xining Special Steel Co., Ltd., Daye Special steel co., Ltd | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee for Steel (SAC/TC 183) | | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Industry Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China, China National Standardization Administration Committee |
GB/T 1222-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.140.25
H 40
Replacing GB/T 1222-2007
Spring steels
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 13, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 01, 2017
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 9
4 Order contents ... 9
5 Dimension, shape and weight ... 10
6 Technical requirements ... 10
7 Test methods ... 19
8 Inspection rules ... 20
9 Packaging, marking and quality certificate ... 21
Annex A (normative) Cross-section shape, nominal dimension and shape of
hot-rolled flat steels ... 22
Annex B (informative) Main features and usage of each steel grade ... 29
Annex C (informative) Comparison table of steel grades in this Standard and
steel grades in national and international standards ... 31
Annex D (informative) Main technical parameters of 28SiMnB and 40SiMnVBE
steels ... 33
Annex E (informative) End hardenability band of some steel grades ... 38
Bibliography ... 40
Foreword
The Standard is drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009
The Standard replaces GB/T 1222-2007 “Spring steels”. Compared with GB/T
1222-2007, the main technical changes of this Standard are as follows.
- The diameter of spring round steels and the side length of spring square
steels are extended to 120 mm. The thickness of spring flat steels is
extended to 60 mm. The diameter of the spring steel wire rods is extended
to 40 mm (see Clause 1);
- ADD terms and definitions (see Clause 3);
- ADD 11 steel grades, i.e. 80, 70Mn, 38Si2, 40SiMnVBE, 55SiCrV,
56Si2MnCr, 60CrMnMo, 52CrMnMoV, 60Si2MnCrV, 52Si2CrMnNi, and
their relevant technical requirements. Among them, 40SiMnVBE is the
patented grade (see 6.1.1, 6.4, Annex B and Annex C);
- ADJUST the composition range of some steel grades, and ADD the
requirements for phosphorus content and sulphur content (see Table 1);
- ADD the requirements for oxygen content for alloy spring steels (see 6.1.2);
- TIGHTEN the qualification level of macro defects (see 6.6.2 of this Standard,
5.6.2 of 2007 edition);
- GROUPE the qualification level of nonmetallic inclusions, and ADD the
requirement for the DS type inclusion (see 6.7 of this Standard, 5.7 of 2007
edition);
- TIGHTEN the requirements for the decarburization layer depth of hot-rolled
steels and GROUP it (see 6.8.1 of this Standard, 5.8.1 of 2007 edition);
- ADD two cross-section shapes, i.e. plane great circle spring flat steel and
plane rectangular spring flat steel, and their dimension requirements;
CANCEL the cross-section shape of single-sided double-groove spring flat
steel and its relevant requirements (see Annex A);
- ADD the main usage of different steel grades and the comparison table of
national and international steel grades (see Annex B and Annex C).
This Standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
on Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183).
Spring steels
1 Scope
The Standard specifies the terms and definitions, order contents, dimension,
shape, weight, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
packaging, marking and quality certificate of hot-rolled, forged and cold-drawn
spring steels.
The Standard is applicable to spring round steels and spring square steels with
a nominal diameter or a side length of not more than 120 mm (hereinafter
referred to as bars), spring flat steels with a nominal width of not more than 160
mm and a nominal thickness of not more than 60 mm, spring steel wire rods
with a nominal diameter of not more than 40 mm.
The grades and chemical composition specified in this Standard are also
applicable to steel ingots, billets and their products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 222 Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 223.5 Steel and iron - Determination of acid-soluble silicon and total
silicon content-reduced molybdosilicate spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.11 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of chromium content -
Visual titration or potentiometric titration method
GB/T 223.13 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
ammonium ferrous sulfate titration method for the determination of vanadium
content
GB/T 223.19 Method for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy the
neocuproine-chloroform extraction photometric method for the determination
of copper content
GB/T 223.23 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of nickel content - The
GB/T 908 Forged bars - Dimensions, shape, weight and tolerances
GB/T 1814 Inspection method for steel work fractures
GB/T 1979 Standard diagrams for macrostructure and defect of structural
steels
GB/T 2101 General requirement of acceptance, packaging, marking, and
certification for section steel
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of test pieces
for mechanical testing
GB/T 3078 Quality structural steel cold drawn bars
GB/T 3207 Bright steel
GB/T 4162 Forged and rolled steel bars - Method for ultrasonic testing
GB/T 4336 Standard test method for spark discharge atomic emission
spectrometric analysis of carbon and low-alloy steel (routine method)
GB/T 5216-2014 Structural steels subject to end-quench hardenability
requirements
GB/T 6394 Metal - Methods for estimating the average grain size
GB/T 7736 Ultrasonic inspecting method for macro-structure and
imperfection of steel
GB/T 8170-2008 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and
judgment of limiting values
GB/T 10561-2005 Steel - Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions
- Micrographic method using standards diagrams
GB/T 11261 Steel and Iron - Determination of oxygen control - The pulse
heating inert gas fusion-infra-red absorption method
GB/T 13298 Metal - Inspection method of microstructure
GB/T 13299 Steel - Determination of microstructure
GB/T 13302 Steel - Determination of area content of graphite-micrographic
method using diagrams
GB/T 14981 Dimension, shape, mass and tolerance for hot-rolled round wire
rod
g) Hardenability requirement (if required, see 6.5);
h) Nonmetallic inclusion group (see 6.7);
i) Decarburization layer group (see 6.8);
j) Special requirements (if required, see 6.10).
5 Dimension, shape and weight
5.1 The dimension, shape, weight and tolerance of the hot-rolled bars shall
comply with the relevant specifications of GB/T 702. The specific requirements
shall be indicated in the order contract.
5.2 The dimension, shape, weight and tolerance of forged bars shall comply
with the relevant specifications of GB/T 908. The specific requirements shall be
indicated in the order contract.
5.3 The dimension and tolerance of the hot-rolled wire rods shall comply with
the relevant specifications of GB/T 14981. The specific requirements shall be
indicated in the order contract.
5.4 The dimension, shape, weight and tolerance of hot-rolled flat steels shall
comply with the relevant specifications in Annex A. The specific requirements
shall be indicated in the order contract.
5.5 The dimension, shape, weight and tolerance of cold-drown bars shall
comply with the relevant specifications in GB/T905. The specific requirements
shall be indicated in the order contract.
5.6 The dimension, shape, weight and tolerance of bright steels shall comply
with the relevant specifications in GB/T 3207. The specific requirements shall
be indicated in the order contract.
5.7 The steel is delivered based on actual weight.
6 Technical requirements
6.1 Grade and chemical composition
6.1.1 The grade, unified digital code and chemical composition (smelting
analysis) of steels shall comply with the specifications of Table 1. Agreed upon
between the supply and demand parties and indicated in the order contract, it
may also supply spring steel of other grades.
Silicon
Spring
Steel
> 8 ~ 30 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.3 Agreed upon
between the
supply and
demand
parties
1.5
> 30 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 —
Other
spring
steels
≤ 8 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.3 1.5
> 8 ~ 20 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.0
> 20 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.0
6.9 Surface quality
6.9.1 The surface of hot-rolled or forged bars or hot-rolled flat steels shall not
have crack, fold, scab, inclusion, layering and tail scale. The local defects of
steels shall be removed, and no harm effect on the steel usage is allowed when
removing the local deflects; in addition, the steel’s allowable minimum
dimension shall be guaranteed; the treated width shall not be less than 5 times
of the depth. The individual scratch and indentation with the dimension not more
than half of the nominal dimension tolerance based on the nominal dimension
are allowed.
6.9.2 The surface of wire rods shall be smooth. There shall not be crack, fold,
handle, scab, inclusion and other harmful defects. The local indentation, lug,
scratch and pitted surface are allowed but its depth or height (based on actual
dimension) shall not be more than 0.10 mm.
6.9.3 The surface of cold-drawn round steels shall comply with the
specifications of GB/T 3078.
6.9.4 The surface of bright steels shall be clean and smooth. The outside
defects such as crack, hairline, fold, scratch, concavity, scab, corrosion and
scale are not acceptable. The little scratch, flattening and spiracle with the
depth not more than half of the nominal dimension tolerance are allowed.
6.9.5 The surface roughness of bright steels shall comply with the specifications
of Table 9. The specific level shall be indicated in the contract; if not indicated,
it is delivered as Level 2. If the supply party can guarantee it, this inspection
may be exempted.
Table 9 -- Surface roughness of bright steel
Roughness level Code Surface roughness Rα/μm
Level 1 FB ≤ 1.6
Level 2 FA ≤ 3.2
6.10 Special requirements
As required by the demand party, agreed upon between the supply and demand
parties and indicated in the contract, it may also supply the steel products with
The sampling quantity and sampling positions of each batch of steel products
shall comply with the specifications of Table 10.
8.4 Re-inspection and determination rules
8.4.1 The re-inspection and determination rules shall refer to the specifications
of GB/T 17505.
8.4.2 If the supply party can assure the qualification of the steel products, for
the inspection results of the mechanical property, low power, end hardenability,
nonmetallic inclusion on the steel products or steel billets of the same furnace
number, it is allowed to replace products by billets and replace small size by big
size.
8.4.3 The test and inspection result shall adopt the rounding off value
comparison method to make it the same digital number as that of the specified
value. The rounding off rules shall comply with the specifications of Clause 3 in
GB/T 8170-2008.
9 Packaging, marking and quality certificate
9.1 The packaging, marking and quality certificate of steel products shall
comply with the relevant specifications of GB/T 2101.
9.2 Agreed upon between the supply and demand parties and indicated in the
contract, it may also use other special packaging, marking and protection
measures.
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