GB 7247.1-2012_English: PDF (GB7247.1-2012)
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Safety of laser products -- Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
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GB 7247.1-2012
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Standards related to: GB 7247.1-2012
| Standard ID | GB 7247.1-2012 (GB7247.1-2012) | | Description (Translated English) | Safety of laser products. Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | L51 | | Classification of International Standard | 31.260 | | Word Count Estimation | 78,796 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 7247.1-2001 | | Quoted Standard | IEC 60050-845-1987; IEC 60601-2-22; IEC 61010-1 | | Adopted Standard | IEC 60825-1-2007, IDT | | Drafting Organization | Beijing Optoelectronic Technology Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Optical radiation safety and laser equipment Standardization Technical Committee | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin No. 42 of 2012 | | Proposing organization | China Machinery Industry Federation | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard applies to the wavelength range of 180 nm ~ 1mm laser products within the safety of laser radiation. A laser product could be with or without a separate power of a single laser, it can be equipped with one or more lasers complex opti | GB 7247.1-2012
Safety of laser products.Part 1. Equipment classification and requirements
ICS 31.260
L51
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB 7247.1-2001
Safety of laser products
Part 1. Equipment classification, requirements
Published 2012-12-31
2013-12-25 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅴ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 2
2 3 Definitions
4 requires 12
4.1 General 12
4.2 shield 12
4.3 baffle and safety interlock 13
4.4 Remote interlock connector 13
Manual reset 13 4.5
4.6 14 key controller
14 4.7 Laser radiation emitted warning
4.8 beam stop or attenuator 14
4.9 Controller 14
4.10 optical viewer 14
Scanning safety device 14 4.11
4.12 "enter" Channel 14
15 4.13 Environmental conditions
Other hazard protection 15 4.14
5 Mark 15
5.1 General requirements 15
Class 1 and Class 1M 17 5.2
Class 2 and Class 2M 18 5.3
5.4 3R Class 18
5.5 3B Class 18
Class 4 18 5.6
5.7 mark window 19
5.8 Standards 19 and the radiation output
5.9 baffle mark 19
5.10 invisible laser radiation warning 20
Visible laser radiation warning 20 5.11
6 other illustrative in claim 20
20 6.1 Profile
Procurement and maintenance instructions 21 6.2
Additional requirements for laser products 22 7
Other portions of 7.1 IEC 60825 series of standards 22
7.2 Medical Laser Products 22
7.3 Laser processing machines 22
7.4 electronic toys 22
7.5 Consumer Electronics 22
8 classification 22
8.1 Overview 22
23 8.2 Classification duties
8.3 Classification Rule 23
9 to determine the emission levels of up to 26
9.1 Inspection 26
Laser radiation measuring 9.2 category 29
9.3 Measurement Geometry 34
Annex A (normative) maximum permissible exposure 39
Annex B (normative) Calculation example 45
Annex C (informative) category description and potential hazards associated 52
Annex D (informative) biophysical principle 56
Annex E (normative) represents MPEs and AELs 63 by radiance
Appendix F (informative) Summary 66
Appendix G (Informative Appendix) IEC 60825 relevant part list 68
Reference 70
1 --- FIG danger warning mark symbol 16
FIG 2 illustrates a tag 17
Figure 3 is mapped to a field stop plane by receiving angle measurement limit of the apparent source 36 Schematic
FIG 4 by a circular diaphragm or a light shielding plate (as a field diaphragm) is placed close to the measurement limit of the apparent source location means receiving angle
36 schematic
FIG 5 determines the accessible emission (a diagram) and a schematic view of the apparent source of the angle (b in FIG.) Under the conditions of the test apparatus 2, consider extending
A light source (i.e., without the use of a simple evaluation method default) 37
Figure B.1 The output parameters provided by the laser product classification is a flowchart 46
Figure B.2 classification Class 1M and 2M laser products flowchart 47
FIG B.3 AEL value for the selected class 1 laser product UV transmission duration of 48 10-9s ~ 103s
FIG B.4 AEL value on the selected wavelength, the transmission duration 10-9s ~ 103s UV Class 1 laser product 48
FIG class B.5 1 selected visible and infrared laser product AEL value (C6 = 1) 49
D.1 anatomy of the eye 56 of FIG.
D.2 schematic diagram of the laser radiation on biological tissue injury 58
FIG E.1 radiance is a function of wavelength 63
Safety interlock requirements of Table 1 of 13
Table 2 Effect of different spectral region of superposition of the radiation on the eyes and skin 23
Table 3 added burst time limit 26
Table 41 Class and 1M laser products accessible emission limit and C6 = 1a, b 27
Table 5 in the wavelength range of 400nm ~ 1400nm Class 1 laser product accessible emission limit (affected areas of the retina).
Extended source a, b, c, d, e 28
Table Class 62 and Class 2M laser products accessible emission limit of 29
Table 73 laser products accessible emission limit and C6 = 1a, b, c 31
Table 8 Emission Limit Wavelength (affected areas of the retina) in the range up to 400nm ~ 1400nm within 3R laser products.
Extended source a, b 32
Table 9 3B laser products accessible emission limit 33
Correction factor table 10 and breakpoints 33 and AEL use in MPE evaluation
Table 11 and for measuring the aperture diameter default measurement (simple) evaluated from 35
Table 12 Reference point 35
Table 13 limit the acceptance angle γph 38
Table A.1 C6 = 1, the laser radiation a, b the maximum permissible exposure irradiated on the cornea (MPE) 40
Table A.2 ~ 1400nm wavelength in the range 400nm, an extended light source maximum allowed laser radiation on the cornea
Irradiation amount (the MPE) (affected areas of the retina) 41
Table A.3 laser radiation a, b maximum allowed skin exposure (MPE) 42
Table 42 A.4 for measuring the aperture diameter of the laser irradiation and irradiation amount
Table 59 D.1 list pathological effects of an excess of illumination
Table D.2 description applies to the measuring aperture of 62 MPE
Table E.1 Class 1 Maximum luminance radiation scattered light 63
Table F.1 this section all the physical list 66
Table F.2 list of 67 manufacturers requirements
Supplementary information Table G.1 IEC 60825 relevant part of the list of 69
Foreword
Part of this Chapter 3, Appendix A ~ Appendix G is recommended, the rest are mandatory.
GB 7247 "Safety of laser products" is divided into the following sections.
--- Part 1. Equipment classification, requirements;
Section --- 14. User's Guide.
This is Part 1 GB 7247's.
This section drafted in accordance with the rules GB/T 1.1-2009 given.
This section instead of GB 7247.1-2001 "Safety of laser products - Part 1. Classification of laser devices, requirements and user's guide"
Compared with GB 7247.1-2001 major technical changes as follows.
--- deleted the light-emitting diode (LED) part, (explained in Chapter 1, 2001 edition 1.1);
--- increased terms and definitions. transmitting up, acceptance angle, light, 1M laser products, 2M laser products, assessment of retinal light
Chemical hazards acceptance angle limit, ultimate thermal hazard evaluation acceptance angle, the maximum position limit, photochemical hazard limit, a small light source,
Thermal effects Hazard limits and time reference (see 3.2,3.6,3.11,3.19,3.21,3.50,3.51,3.60,3.64,3.80,3.82
And 3.83);
--- remove terms and definitions. collimating a laser, laser optical fiber transmission system, a laser leveling product, service connection and test
Painted with laser products (2001 edition 3.4,3.40,3.45,3.71 and 3.75);
--- modify the name and contents of the terms and definitions. the angle of the apparent source, 3R and 3B laser-based products, production embedded laser
Products, the duration of irradiation (see 3.7,3.22,3.30 and 333, 2001 edition of 3.6,3.17,3.25 and 3.28.);
The terms and definitions --- "window; aperture stop" of a two changes (see 3.8 and 39, 2001 edition of 3.7.);
--- modify the contents and definitions of terms. accessible emission limit, the apparent source, a beam diameter, beam divergence, Class 1 laser product,
Class 2 laser products, extended source observed, the contact person, depending on the beam, the maximum output and specular (see 3.3,3.10,3.13,
3.14,3.18,3.20,3.34,3.37,3.39,3.55 and 3.81, 2001 edition of 3.2,3.8,3.10,3.11,3.15,
3.16,3.29,3.32,3.34,3.50 and 3.74);
--- modify the general requirements of the shield (see 421, 2001 edition 4.2.1.);
--- modified baffle and safety interlock, a warning emitted laser radiation, scanning means, and safety, "enter" the contents of the channel (see 4.3,4.7,
4.11 and 412, 2001 edition of 4.3,4.6,4.10 and 4.12);
--- increasing the content of the manual reset (see 4.5);
--- deleted collimator aid content (see 2001 edition of 4.11);
--- modify the contents of the tag (see 5.2,5.3,5.4,5.8,5.9 and 5.10, 2001 edition of 5.2,5.3,5.4,5.8,5.9
And 5.10);
--- modify the content of the user information (see 61, 2001 edition 6.1.);
--- increase in other parts of IEC 60825 series of standards, laser processing machines, electronic toys, consumer electronics (see
7.1,7.3,7.4 and 7.5);
--- deleted laser optical fiber transmission system (see 2001 edition 7.2);
--- Chapter IX changed the classification of Chapter VIII and modify the contents (see Chapter 8, Chapter 9, 2001 edition);
--- detects changes to determine the emission levels up to and edit the contents (see Chapter 9, Chapter 8, 2001 edition);
--- delete the part of the user guide (see the 2001 edition of the first three and the relevant parts);
--- increase the maximum permissible exposure content (see Appendix A);
--- modify the calculation example, the example in which the classification calculation increases, the maximum permissible exposure deleted calculation examples (see to Appendix B,
2001 edition of Appendix A);
--- increased the category description and potential hazards related content (see Appendix C);
--- modify the biological physics (see Appendix D, 2001 edition of Appendix B);
--- represents an increase of MPEs and AELs (see Appendix E) with radiance;
--- Schedule change and modify the contents of the summary table (see Appendix F, 2001 edition Appendix D);
List of relevant portions --- increased IEC 60825 (see Appendix G);
--- deleted dedicated to laser materials processing products, high-power lasers content (2001 edition Appendix E);
--- deleted the relevant standards (the 2001 version of Appendix F).
Consistency correspondence relationship with international documents in this section of our normative references the following documents.
--- GB/T 2900.65-2004 Electrotechnical term lighting (IEC 60050-845. 1987, MOD);
--- GB 4793.1-2007 measurement, control, and laboratory safety requirements for electrical equipment with Part 1. General Requirements
(IEC 61010-1.2001, IDT);
--- GB 9706.20-2000 Medical electrical equipment - Part 2. diagnosis and treatment of laser safety requirements for equipment
(IEC 60601-2-22.1995, IDT).
This section uses the translation method is equivalent to using IEC 60825-1.2007 "Safety of laser products Part 1. Equipment classification and requirements" (English
Chinese version). IEC 60825-1.2007 and IEC IEV relationship not mentioned (in English), a paper with IEC 60825-1.2007 (English version)
the same.
This section made the following editorial changes.
--- delete IEC 60825-1.2007 Foreword.
Please note that some of the content of this document may involve patents. The issuing authority of this document does not assume responsibility to identify these patents.
This section was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part of the jurisdiction of the National Standardization Technical Committee of optical radiation (SAC/TC284) safety and laser equipment.
This section was drafted. Beijing Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing laser parameters Test Center, 11th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation.
The main drafters of this section. Wu Aiping, Lu Yonghong, Duan Guang, Li Jialun, Qi Yan.
This section replaces the following previously issued as follows.
--- GB 7247-1987, GB 7247-1995; GB 7247.1-2001.
Safety of laser products
Part 1. Equipment classification, requirements
1 Scope
This section applies to the wavelength range within safe ~ 1mm 180nm laser radiation of laser products.
A laser product may be a single laser with or without an independent power source, it may be equipped with one or more lasers
Sophisticated optical, electrical or mechanical systems. Laser products are generally used to demonstrate physical and optical phenomena, material processing, and reads out the stored data,
Transmission and display information. These systems have been used in industry, business, entertainment, research, education, medical and consumer products.
Sold to other manufacturers of laser products used as components of the system may not comply with this section, because the final product itself will be subject to this section.
However, if the product of the laser system after separation of the laser device is operable device, then the cells were removed should meet the requirements of this section.
Note 1. The operation of the equipment does not need to prepare for its functioning tool.
If the manufacturer in accordance with Chapter 3, Section 8, Chapter 9 classification production of laser products, without regard to the requirements of this section, indicating shock
Light products in all operating, maintenance, overhaul and its emission levels under fault conditions is not more than 1 class of accessible emission limit (ALE).
Note 2. The exemption mentioned above is to ensure the safety of the original laser products are not subject to the standard constraints.
In addition to the harm caused by the laser radiation, the laser apparatus can cause other injury, such as electric shock and fire.
Note 3. However, classification and other requirements in this section only harmful to the eyes and skin against laser radiation. Other hazards are not included within the scope of this section.
This section describes the minimum requirements. Compliance with this section may not be sufficient to achieve the level of safety required for the product. Laser products must comply
With the corresponding product safety standards compatible performance and test requirements.
Note 4. Other criteria may include additional requirements. You should consider the intended application and user groups. For example, 3B or Class 4 laser products are not suitable for use as a consumer product.
If the laser system forms part of the device, the device must comply with other IEC product safety standard, [such as medical equipment (IEC 60601-
2-22), information technology equipment (IEC 60950), audio and video equipment (IEC 60065), equipment (IEC 60079) for use in hazardous environments, electrical
Toys (IEC 62115)]. The IEC Guide 1041) terms, this part applies to hazards caused by the laser radiation. If not applicable
Product safety standards, you should use the IEC 61010-1.
1) IEC Guide 104.1997, the development and use of basic safety publications in safety publications and publication series of safety.
In previous versions, LEDs (light emitting diodes) included within the scope of IEC 60825-1, IEC 60825 is still included in the system
The rest of the column Standard. However, with the development of the luminaire safety standards, LEDs (light emitting diode) light radiation is generally more suitable for security
In the luminaire engagement predetermined safety standards. LEDs (light emitting diodes) is deleted from the scope of the section, does not interfere with other criteria in relation stimulated
It includes LEDs (light emitting diode) light products. CIES009 may be used to determine the LED (light emitting diode) or contain one or more
Risk of LEDs (light emitting diodes) product classification.
This section MPE (maximum permissible exposure) values only for the laser radiation and not to the secondary radiation. However, if some kind of business deposit
Accompanied by a dangerous radiation in accessible, the potential harm can be carried out carefully assessed using MPE value of the laser radiation.
MPE values do not apply for the medical treatment of patients or laser irradiation of human beauty.
Note 5. Appendices Appendix A ~ G comprises a general guide and lists a number of typical examples. But it must not be seen as determining the appendix or exhaustive, but rather as
Reference the corresponding provisions of this section.
This section has the following purposes.
--- introduction of lasers and laser products according to optical radiation hazard degree classification system to help hazard assessment and help users determine control measures;
--- establish requirements for manufacturers to provide information in order to take appropriate preventive measures;
--- by labeling and instructions ensure that warnings of hazards associated with radiation up to laser products;
--- to reduce the possibility of injury, make up unnecessary radiation minimized, and improved control of the laser radiation hazards through protective measures.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
IEC 60050-845. 1987 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 845. Light
IEC 60601-2-22 Medical Electrical Equipment Part 2. diagnosis and treatment of laser safety requirements for equipment
IEC 61010-1 measurement, control and safety requirements for electrical equipment with a laboratory Part 1. General Requirements
3 Terms and Definitions
IEC 60050-845 Definition The following terms and definitions apply to this document. For ease of use, it is listed in the following repeating
Certain terms and definitions in IEC 60050-845.
Note. For convenience, all of the definitions are arranged alphabetically. Inconsistent with the IEC 60050-845 part is highlighted. In this case, according to
IEC 60050-845 part description, references are enclosed in parentheses and with a "modified" FIG.
3.1
Baffle access panel
A portion of the protective cover or protective enclosure. When removed or removed, and to provide the laser radiation path.
3.2
Accessible emission accessible emission
Using a position of the aperture stop (AEL in watts or joules) or limiting aperture (AEL to W · m-2 or J · m-2 units) the amount of radiation is determined in accordance with Chapter 9.
3.37 defined as specified, and is determined considering only up to where the person transmitting contact. In order to determine the category of laser products, with up to
Launch and accessible emission limit (defined in 3.3) were compared. Standard text uses the term "horizontal emission" is understood to reach emission.
NOTE. When the laser beam is larger than the diameter of the aperture stop, in watts or joules given in units smaller than the laser emission products up total transmit power or energy.
When the average pore diameter of the laser beam irradiated on a diameter smaller than the limiting aperture to W · m-2, or is J · m-2 given in units of up to transmit, i.e., to limit the
Or an amount of radiation, the laser beam is less than the actual amount of irradiance or irradiation. See aperture stop (3.9) and limiting aperture (3.52).
3.3
Accessible emission limit accessible emission limit; AEL
Up within the prescribed categories permitted emission.
Note. the text "does not exceed the emission levels AEL" or similar wording, its meaning is. comply with the provisions of Chapter 9 of the standard test measuring up to launch.
3.4
Management control administrative control
Non-engineering safety measures. For example. the key regulatory, safety training of personnel, warning measures, countdown procedures and security controls the site.
3.5
α minimum alphamin
αmin
See subtended angle subtended angle and the minimum (see 3.7 and 3.58).
3.6
Receiving corner angle of accepance
In response to the optical radiation detector plane angle, typically measured in radians.
Receiving angular aperture angle can be placed in front of the control element or optical sensor (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 4). Sometimes referred to as the acceptance angle of the field of view.
3.7
The angle of the apparent source
3, observed from a certain point at the space spanned the apparent source of the angle.
Note 1. The position of the apparent source and depends on the angle of observation position in the light beam (see 3.11).
Note 2. the angle of this section applies to the wavelength range of the retina from the apparent source region hazard 400nm ~ 1400nm.
Note 3. The light source should not be confused with the angle of beam divergence. To not be greater than the angle of light beam divergence angle, typically less than the beam divergence angle.
3.8
Window (aperture) Aperture
Opening a window is on any laser or other product guard shield, through which the emitted laser radiation allows personnel close.
See also limiting aperture (3.52).
3.9
Aperture diaphragm aperture stop
Test for determining the opening area of the radiation through.
3.10
Apparent source apparent source
Emitter retina hazard assessment given position, may be formed on the retina of the minimum image real or virtual (adjusted considering the human eye
range).
Note 1. The adjustment range is assumed that the human eye is variable from 100mm to infinity. The inner beam in a given viewing position, the position of the apparent source of the eye adjustment
Position to produce maximum radiation hazard condition corresponding to the retina.
Note 2. This defines the location of the apparent source of the laser radiation in the wavelength range of 400nm ~ 1400nm measurement evaluation on a given position. In the divergence is
The limit of zero, i.e. under ideal circumstances parallel beam, the position of the apparent source to infinity.
3.11
Light beam
Direction by the divergence angle, diameter or characterization of scanning laser radiation.
It does not look for the non-specular reflection of the scattered radiation generated as a light beam.
3.12
Beam attenuator beam attenuator
The laser radiation is reduced to a predetermined level below the predetermined level, or apparatus.
3.13
Beam diameter beam diameter
Beam width beam width
du
Du beam diameter at a point which refers to the space power (or energy) of the total laser power (or energy) u% of the minimum diameter.
This part is d63.
NOTE 1. For a Gaussian beam, d63 reduced to a point corresponding to the center of its peak value 1/e of in irradiance (irradiance).
Note 2. the second moment diameter is defined (defined in ISO 11146-1) is not used for a laser beam having a cross-sectional center of the high peaks and low background radiation, for example, from unstable resonator
The far-field laser beam. When the second-order moment and calculates a power by assuming a Gaussian beam cross-section, will be significantly underestimated by the power aperture.
3.14
Beam divergence angle of beam divergence
Defined by the beam diameter of the conical far field plane angle.
If the distance r of the beam diameter of the two (see 3.13) is d63 and d'63, the beam divergence angle is represented as [see (1)].
Where.
φ --- beam divergence angle;
D --- beam diameter;
--- R & lt spacing between two points.
SI units. radians.
NOTE. divergence angle of the second moment is defined (defined in ISO 11146-1) is not used for a laser beam having a cross-sectional center of the high peaks and low background radiation, for example, from unstable resonator
Far-field of the laser beam, the beam profile exhibited diffraction pattern caused by the aperture.
3.15
Beam expander beam expander
The optical element can be increased combined laser beam diameter.
3.16
Light path beam path component element
The optical member located at a predetermined optical path (e.g.. beam steering mirror or a focusing lens).
3.17
Beam stop beam stop
Laser beam path termination means.
3.18
Class 1 Laser Product Class1 laser product
During operation of the laser radiation, and an emission wavelength within a respective duration, the contact person may not exceed Class 1 Accessible Emission Limit
(The AEL) laser and 8.3E product [see 8.2)].
Note 1. See Appendix C limit classification table.
Note 2. Since the determination of product categories tested were limited during the work, depending on the product's embedded laser product, lifting baffles during maintenance of the Union
The lock, may be exposed to radiation above the Class 1 AEL.
3.19
Class 1M laser product Class 1M laser product
In the wavelength range 302.5nm ~ 4000nm, during operation, within the respective emission wavelength and duration, excitation up to the contact person
Light radiation emitted must not exceed Class 1 up to the limit (the AEL) laser products [see 8.3E)] (9.2g radiation level based on measurement).
Note 1. See Appendix C limit classification table.
Note 2. Since Class 1 laser product than using smaller pore size measurement, or assessment of radiation from the apparent source farther away from the horizontal, so the use of an optical instrument
When observed, the output Class 1M laser products are potentially hazardous (see 8.2).
Note 3. Since the determination of product categories during the test carried out limited work, depending on the product's embedded laser products, unlocking baffles during maintenance
When, may be exposed to radiation above the Class 1M AEL.
3.20
Class 2 laser product Class 2 laser product
In the wavelength range of 400nm ~ 700nm, during operation, within the respective emission wavelength and duration, the laser radiation up to the contact person
Class 2 up to the exit must not exceed emission limit (the AEL) laser and 8.3E product [see 8.2)].
Note 1. See Appendix C limit classification table.
Note 2. Since the determination of product categories tested were limited during the work, depending on the product's embedded laser product, lifting baffles during maintenance of the Union
The lock, may be exposed to radiation above the Class 2 AEL.
3.21
2M laser products Class 2M laser product
In the wavelength range of 400nm ~ 700nm, during operation, within the respective emission wavelength and duration, the laser radiation up to the contact person
Class 2 up to the exit must not exceed emission limit (the AEL) laser products [see 8.3E)] [radiation level based 9.2H) measure].
Note 1. See Appendix C limit classification table.
Note 2. 2 because the use of laser-based products than smaller pore size measurement, or assessment of radiation from the level of the light source farther away from the apparent, the use of an optical instrument
When observed, the output class 2M laser products are potentially hazardous (see 8.2).
Note 3. Since the determination of product categories during the test carried out limited work, depending on the product's embedded laser products, unlocking baffles during maintenance
When, may be exposed to radiation above the AEL 2M class.
3.22
Class 3R and Class 3B laser products Class 3R and Class 3B laser product
During operation, the laser radiation allowed to exceed the contact person Class 1 and Class 2 accessible emission limit (the AEL), but the duration of any emission
And the wavelength, the laser radiation allowed to exceed the contact person classes 3R and 3B each class accessible emission limit (the AEL) laser products (see 8.2).
Note 1. See Appendix C limit classification table.
Note 2. 1M 2M class and the output products......
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