GB 31648-2025 PDF English
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| GB 31648-2025 | English | 95 |
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National food safety standard - Code for pollution control of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in food
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GB 31648-2025: National food safety standard - Code for pollution control of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in food
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB31648-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National food safety standard - Standard for control of
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls contamination in food
Issued on: MARCH 16, 2025
Implemented on: MARCH 16, 2026
Issued by. National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China;
State Administration for Market Regulation.
Table of Contents
1 Scope... 3
2 Terms and definitions... 3
3 Edible agricultural product production environment... 4
4 Feed for food animals... 5
5 Food processing... 5
6 Food storage and transportation... 6
Annex A Monitoring requirements for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls... 7
Annex B Toxic equivalent factors for dioxins and their analogs... 9
National food safety standard - Standard for control of
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls contamination in food
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the basic requirements and management criteria for control of
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in food in links such as edible agricultural
product production environment, feed for food animals, food processing, storage,
transportation.
This Standard applies to the control of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls
contamination in food.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 Food animals
Any animal that is used for human consumption or whose products are intended for
human consumption.
2.2 Dioxins (PCDD/Fs)
A general term for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated
dibenzofurans (PCDFs).
2.3 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
A general term for compounds in which the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring of
diphenyl are replaced by chlorine atoms, including dioxin-like polychlorinated
biphenyls and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls.
2.4 Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs)
Compounds with dioxin-like toxicological properties among polychlorinated biphenyls,
including non-ortho- and mono-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls.
2.5 Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls
All compounds other than dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls are collectively
referred to as non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls.
2.6 Indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (indicator PCBs)
Substances in polychlorinated biphenyls that can represent the contamination
characteristics of this type of compounds.
2.7 Dioxins and their analogs
A general term for compounds with similar toxicological properties in PCDD/Fs and
PCBs.
2.8 Toxic equivalent factor (TEF)
A coefficient obtained by comparing the toxicity of a certain dioxin and its analogs with
the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), representing the relative
toxicity of the dioxin and its analogs.
2.9 Toxic equivalent (TEQ)
The relative toxicity value calculated by multiplying the mass concentration of dioxins
and their analogs by their TEF.
3 Edible agricultural product production environment
3.1 The planting environment (including soil, air and irrigation water) of edible plants
shall avoid contamination by dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. If there are
emission sources such as steel smelting, recycled non-ferrous metal smelting, waste
incineration, pulp and paper making, cremation of remains, and production of specific
organic chlorinated industrial products around the planting environment of edible plants,
it shall strengthen the monitoring of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls.
3.2 Sludge used in agricultural production shall avoid contamination by dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls. If contaminated, it shall take appropriate measures to
dispose of it and reduce its possible risks.
3.3 Soil in land used for food animal breeding shall avoid contamination by dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls. Food animal breeding shall be avoided as much as possible
in outdoors in contaminated areas.
3.4 It shall carry out dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls monitoring in the breeding
environment (air, soil, water) near typical dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls
emission areas (such as electronic waste dismantling sites, etc.).
3.5 During the breeding process of food animals, it should reduce contact with wooden
building materials and related products (such as wood shavings, sawdust, etc.)
containing dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. Sawdust containing dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls shall not be used in the breeding process.
3.6 Fishery production areas shall avoid contamination by dioxins and polychlorinated
biphenyls. It should regularly monitor sediments and aquatic animals in fishing and
breeding areas, identify high-risk areas and contaminated aquatic products, and
determine areas or aquatic products where fishing is prohibited based on the monitoring
results.
3.7 It shall carry out dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls monitoring for inputs in the
planting and breeding process to reduce contamination caused by inputs such as
pesticides that may contain dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls.
3.8 It shall carry out dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls monitoring for soil, water
and sediments in the planting and breeding areas that may have contamination risks in
3.1, such as soil in free-range laying hen breeding areas, soil in cattle and sheep
breeding areas, and water and sediments in waterfowl breeding areas.
3.9 For monitoring requirements for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in the edible
agricultural product production environment, refer to Annex A.
4 Feed for food animals
4.1 It should analyze the possible contamination links in the feed supply process for
food animals and identify the sources of contamination of feed with higher risk of
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls contamination.
4.2 The production of feed for food animals shall comply with relevant regulations such
as GB 13078.Feed suppliers shall provide product qualification certificates and, if
necessary, relevant information on the source of feed raw materials.
4.3 It should carry out dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls monitoring for feed (fish
meal, oil, silage, etc.) that may be contaminated, as well as trace elements (copper
sulfate, etc.), minerals (montmorillonite, etc.), industrial synthetic feed additives
(vitamin E oil, etc.). For monitoring requirements, see Annex A.
5 Food processing
5.1 It shall comply with the provisions of GB 14881 and other relevant hygiene
regulations.
5.2 Raw materials for food processing shall avoid coming from areas contaminated by
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. For animal-derived raw materials used for
processing, peeling, defatting or partial defatting can be used to reduce the content of
dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls when necessary.
5.3 For equipment that is prone to produce oil stains and frying residues during food
processing, such as frying equipment, smoking equipment, baking equipment, etc., they
Annex A
Monitoring requirements for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls
A.1 Laboratory requirements
A.1.1 The analytical methods and laboratory requirements for dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls shall comply with relevant standards.
A.1.2 It shall formulate effective quality control measures to ensure the accuracy of the
analytical results of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls.
A.2 Sample requirements
A.2.1 The collected samples shall be representative, effective and traceable; it shall
avoid cross contamination, prevent sample deterioration, and comply with the
requirements of relevant standards.
A.2.2 It shall make relevant sample collection records, including sampling date,
geographical location, sample type, quantity, etc.
A.2.3 Samples shall be placed in packaging containers that will not react with dioxins
and polychlorinated biphenyls, and the containers shall have been cleaned with
chemical solvents or confirmed to be clean and not contaminated by dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls.
A.2.4 Foods that are easily perishable shall be stored and transported under appropriate
conditions.
A.3 Analytical method requirements
A.3.1 The analytical method shall meet the minimum requirements of the analytical
objectives. If used for qualification determination, the quantitative limit of the method
shall be lower than one-fifth of the standard limit value; if used to evaluate the trend of
the content of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in samples over time, the
quantitative limit of the method shall be lower than the background value in different
matrix samples.
A.3.2 The analytical method shall meet the requirements of the analytical purpose. For
example, when the test results are 0.5 times, 1 times and 2 times the limit value, the
coefficient of variation after repeated analysis is within the acceptable range. For foods
and feeds with a concentration of dioxins and their analogs of about 1 pg of WHO-
TEQ/g (fat basis), the difference between the upper and lower limit levels shall not
exceed 20 %.
A.4 Result reporting
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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