GB 24550-2024 PDF English
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| GB 24550-2024 | English | 680 |
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Protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a collision
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| GB/T 24550-2009 | English | 135 |
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The protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a collision
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GB 24550-2024: Protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a collision---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB24550-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 09
Replacing GB/T 24550-2009
Protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a
collision
Issued on. MAY 28, 2024
Implemented on. JANUARY 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 4
4 Technical requirements... 18
5 Test requirements... 21
6 Test procedure... 31
7 Calibration of impactor... 38
8 Determination of the same type... 51
9 Implementation of the standard... 51
Protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a
collision
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, test requirements, test procedures,
calibration of impactors, same type determination, implementation of standards for
protection of motor vehicle for pedestrians in the event of a collision.
This document is applicable to categories M1 and N1 vehicles. It does not include the
category M1 vehicles, which have a maximum total mass greater than 2500 kg, where
the driver's seat R point is in front of the front axle’s center transverse plane or the
horizontal distance between the driver's seat R point and the front axle center transverse
plane is not greater than 1100 mm; nor does it include category N1 vehicles with a
driver's seat R point in front of the front axle’s center transverse plane or the horizontal
distance between the driver's seat R point and the front axle’s center transverse plane is
not greater than 1100 mm.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the
latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 15084 Motor vehicles - Devices for indirect vision - Requirements of
performance and installation
ISO 3784 Road vehicles - Measurement of impact velocity in collision test
ISO 6487 Road vehicles - Measurement techniques in impact tests - Instrumentation
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB 15084 and the following terms and definitions
apply to this document.
3.1 Normal ride attitude
The state of the vehicle when it is in normal driving at a speed of 40 km/h.
3.2 Ground reference plane
The horizontal plane passing through the lowest contact point of all tires of the
vehicle in the normal ride attitude of the vehicle.
Note. This plane is real or imaginary. If the vehicle is stationary on the ground, it is on the
same plane as the ground level; if the vehicle is lifted from the ground to obtain additional
clearance under the bumper, it is above the ground level.
3.3 Front structure
All front end external structures of the vehicle, excluding the front windscreen upper
crossbeam, A-pillar, structure behind the A-pillar.
Note. It includes but not limited to bumper, bonnet, fender, water channel, wiper shaft, front
windscreen, front windscreen lower beam, etc.
3.4 Bumper
External component located at the front of the vehicle with decorative, absorbing
and mitigating impact functions.
Note. It includes all structures and accessories that protect the vehicle in a low-speed frontal
collision.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Leg form test requirements
4.1.1 General
Vehicles with a lower bumper height of less than 425 mm shall comply with the
requirements of 4.1.2.
Vehicles with a lower bumper height of not less than 425 mm but less than 500 mm
shall comply with the requirements of 4.1.2 or 4.1.3.
4.3 Test requirements for vehicles with variable height
If the vehicle is equipped with a system that can change the body height during driving
on urban roads, meanwhile the change in the front axle height is greater than 25 mm
when the driving speed is within 25 km/h ~ 40 km/h, the measurement points of relevant
test area caused by the change in body height shall also comply with the provisions of
4.1 and 4.2.The impact speed of the impactor is the speed specified in Chapter 6 or the
driving speed corresponding to the vehicle height (the speed deviation is ±0.2 m/s).
When the driving speed corresponding to the vehicle height is selected, the ratio -- of
the headform impactor speed to the vehicle driving speed -- is 0.9, meanwhile the
headform impactor speed is not greater than 9.7 m/s ± 0.2 m/s.
4.4 Division of headform test area
4.4.1 The manufacturer shall determine the bonnet top test area and the front windscreen
test area, which has a HIC not greater than 1000 (HIC 1000 area) or not greater than
1700 (HIC 1700 area) (see Figure 12).
4.4.2 The bonnet top test area and the front windscreen test area, as well as the HIC
1000 area and the HIC 1700 area, shall be determined based on the top view of the
vehicle provided by the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall provide the necessary x,
y coordinate values, to mark the test area on the actual vehicle, taking into account the
vehicle's shape in the z direction.
5.2 Vehicle preparation
5.2.1 When determining the vehicle reference line and test area, the vehicle shall be in
a normal ride attitude. If the vehicle is equipped with a trademark, logo or other
structure that can bend or retract, a load of not more than 100 N shall be applied to make
it bend or retract. Any part of the vehicle that can change shape or position, except for
the suspension parts of the vehicle, shall be in the retracted position. Devices used to
protect vulnerable road participants such as pedestrians shall be in the inactive state.
5.2.2 For a complete vehicle or vehicle body, the test shall be conducted after debugging
under the following conditions.
5.2.3 In the event of a collision with a vehicle, all devices designed to protect
pedestrians and other vulnerable road participants can be tested in the activated state, if
the manufacturer provides materials to prove the effectiveness of the device.
5.2.4 In addition to devices used to protect vulnerable road participants such as
pedestrians, for vehicle parts that can change shape or position, and parts with more
than one fixed shape or position, the vehicle shall be tested in each shape or position.
5.3 Provisions for test impactors
5.3.1 Lower leg form impactor
5.3.1.1 Structural dimensions
5.3.2.2 Sensors
5.3.3.2 Adult headform impactor
5.3.3.2.1 Structural dimensions
The adult headform impactor shall be made of aluminum, homogeneous structure,
spherical, with a diameter of 165 mm ± 1 mm and a mass of 4.5 kg ± 0.1 kg, as shown
in Figure 18.The moment of inertia relative to the axis passing through the center of
mass and perpendicular to the impact direction shall be 0.010 kg·m2 ~ 0.013 kg·m2.
The center of mass of the headform impactor including the sensor shall be located at
the geometric center of the ball, which has a deviation of ±5 mm. The ball is covered
with a synthetic skin of 14.0 mm ±0.5 mm thick, covering at least half of the ball.
5.3.3.2.2 Sensor
5.3.3.2.3 First natural frequency
The first natural frequency of the headform impactor shall be greater than 5000 Hz.
shall be located on the midline of the upper bumper reference line and the lower bumper
reference line, with a longitudinal deviation of ±10 mm; the lateral deviation of the
vertical centerline of the impactor from the selected impact position shall be ±10 mm.
The laboratory may also use multiple tests to prove that the test meets the accuracy
requirements.
6.2 Test procedure for headform
6.2.1 Propulsion of headform impactor
The headform impactor shall be in free flight at the moment of impact and shall comply
with the impact velocity specified in 6.3.6 and 6.4.6 and the impact direction specified
in 6.3.7 and 6.4.7.The impactor shall be released into free flight, at a certain distance
from the vehicle. This distance shall ensure that the contact between the propulsion
system and the impactor does not affect the test results when the impactor rebounds.
6.2.2 Measurement of impact velocity
Measure the velocity of the headform impactor in free flight before impact according
to the method specified in ISO 3784.The velocity measurement accuracy shall be ±0.02
m/s. When determining the impact velocity of the impactor, consider all factors that
may affect the impactor and calculate or measure the angle of the velocity vector at the
time of impact.
6.2.3 Recording
The acceleration-time history shall be recorded and the HIC calculated. Record the
measurement points of the front structure of the vehicle. Record the test results
according to ISO 6487.
6.2.4 Measurement points
Select the positions that are likely to cause greater harm to pedestrians as measurement
points in sequence. If the remaining test area is too small and the selected measurement
points cannot ensure the minimum interval, the number of tests can be less than 9.The
positions of the measurement points shall be recorded in the test report. When the
vehicle is equipped with an active device to protect vulnerable road participants such
as pedestrians, the measurement points shall be selected when the active device is not
activated; the positions that are likely to cause greater harm to pedestrians when the
active device is activated can be considered.
6.3 Child head form test procedure
6.3.1 The test shall be conducted in the child headform bonnet top test area and/or
windscreen test area. For the rear end of the bonnet top test area, the head form impactor
shall not contact the windscreen or A-pillar before impact. For the test in the windscreen
test area, the head form impactor shall not directly contact the A-pillar, the front
windscreen opaque area (excluding the interior rearview mirror installation area), the
wiper groove area.
6.3.2 At least 9 child head form tests shall be conducted. Three tests shall be conducted
in the middle and two side test areas of the third of bonnet upper area. The test positions
shall be selected from different structural types of positions, that are most likely to cause
head injuries. If the vehicle structure permits, at least one child head form test shall be
conducted in the windscreen head form test area. Each time the windscreen area head
form test is conducted, a new, undamaged glass shall be used.
6.3.3 The distance between the measuring points shall be no less than 165 mm. This
distance is determined by tightening a soft ruler along the outer surface of the vehicle.
6.3.4 Positions outside the test area that cause more serious secondary injuries shall not
be selected as measuring points.
6.3.5 The lateral and longitudinal impact deviations of the child head form test shall be
within ±10 mm. This deviation shall be measured along the outer surface of the bonnet
or windscreen. The laboratory may also use multiple tests to prove that the test meets
the accuracy requirements.
6.3.6 The speed of the child head form impactor during impact shall be 9.7 m/s ± 0.2 m/s.
6.3.7 The impact direction during the test shall be in the longitudinal vertical plane of
the vehicle; the test impact angle relative to the horizontal plane shall be 50º ± 2º; it
shall be downward and backward relative to the front structure of the vehicle.
6.3.8 During the windscreen child headform test, when the child headform impactor
does not directly or indirectly contact the vehicle internal structure or other structures
below the windscreen and the HIC is greater than the corresponding area limit,
meanwhile atypical windscreen breakage occurs, the manufacturer may repeat the test.
The test may be repeated up to 3 times; the situation shall be recorded in the test report.
6.4 Test procedure for adult headform
6.4.1 The test shall be conducted in the bonnet top test area and/or windscreen test area
of the adult headform. For the rear end of the bonnet top test area, the headform
impactor shall not contact the windscreen or A-pillar before impact. For the test in the
windscreen test area, the head impactor shall not directly contact the A-pillar, the
opaque area of the windscreen (excluding the interior rearview mirror installation area),
the wiper groove area.
6.4.2 At least 9 adult head tests shall be conducted. Three tests shall be conducted in
the middle and two side test areas of the third of hood top area. The test positions shall
be selected from different vehicle body structure types, that are most likely to cause
head injuries. If the vehicle structure permits, at least 1 adult headform test shall be
conducted in the windscreen headform test area. For each windscreen area headform
test, it shall use new, undamaged glass.
6.4.3 The distance between the measuring points shall be no less than 165 mm; this
distance is determined by tensioning a soft ruler along the outer surface of the vehicle.
6.4.4 Locations that cause more serious secondary injuries outside the test area shall
not be selected as measuring points.
6.4.5 The lateral and longitudinal impact deviations of the adult headform test shall be
within ±10 mm. This deviation shall be measured along the outer surface of the bonnet
or windscreen. The laboratory may also use multiple tests to prove that the test meets
the accuracy requirements.
6.4.6 The speed of the adult headform impactor during impact shall be 9.7 m/s ± 0.2 m/s.
6.4.7 The impact direction during the test shall be in the longitudinal vertical plane of
the vehicle; the test impact angle relative to the horizontal plane shall be 65º ± 2º; it
shall be downward and backward relative to the front structure of the vehicle.
6.4.8 During the windscreen adult headform test, when the adult headform impactor
does not directly or indirectly contact the vehicle internal structure or other structures
below the windscreen and the HIC is greater than the corresponding area limit,
meanwhile atypical windscreen breakage occurs, the manufacturer may repeat the test.
The test can be repeated up to 3 times; the situation shall be recorded in the test report.
7 Calibration of impactor
7.1 Calibration of lower leg form impactor
7.1.1 Static calibration
7.1.1.2 Calibration requirements
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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