GB 18484-2020_English: PDF (GB18484-2020)
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Standard for pollution control on hazardous waste incineration
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GB 18484-2020
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Standards related to: GB 18484-2020
| Standard ID | GB 18484-2020 (GB18484-2020) | | Description (Translated English) | (Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Incineration) | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Word Count Estimation | 15,145 | | Date of Issue | 2020-12-24 | | Date of Implementation | 2021-07-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 18484-2001 | | Drafting Organization | Shenyang Environmental Science Research Institute | | Administrative Organization | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment Announcement No. 65 of 2020; National Standard Announcement No. 31 of 2020 | GB 18484-2020
(Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Incineration)
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB 18484-2001
Pollution control standards for hazardous waste incineration
Standard for pollution control on hazardous waste incineration
2020-11-26 release
2021-07-01 implementation
release
Ministry of Ecology and Environment
State Administration for Market Regulation
ICS
Table of contents
Foreword...II
1 Scope of application...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...2
4 Site selection requirements...6
5 Technical requirements for pollution control...6
6 Emission control requirements...8
7 Operating environment management requirements...9
8 Environmental monitoring requirements...10
9 Implementation and supervision...12
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) PCDDS/PCDFS Toxicity Equivalent Factor...13
Preface
To implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste, and the Chinese
Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution”, and “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution”
Such laws and regulations, prevent and control environmental pollution, improve the quality of ecological environment, formulate this standard.
This standard specifies the site selection, operation, monitoring, waste storage, compatibility and incineration process of hazardous waste incineration facilities.
Environmental protection requirements, and implementation and supervision.
This standard is a mandatory standard.
This standard was first published in.1999 and was revised for the first time in.2001.This is the second revision.
The main content of this revision.
Improved the definition of hazardous waste;
Increased the high temperature section of the incinerator, the measured average value, the 1-hour average, the 24-hour average, the daily average, and the baseline oxygen content emission concentration.
Definitions of temperature, existing incineration facilities and new incineration facilities;
Modified terms such as incineration residue, flue gas residence time, incinerator, incinerator temperature, incineration volume, incineration removal rate, etc.
definition;
Optimized the site selection requirements for hazardous waste incineration facilities;
Adjusted the incineration requirements for hazardous waste incineration facilities and the monitoring requirements for pollutants discharged from incineration facilities;
The technical indicators of carbon monoxide concentration in incinerator flue gas have been added;
The emission limit index for smoke blackness was cancelled;
The requirements and operation requirements for online automatic monitoring devices and combustion-supporting devices of hazardous waste incineration facilities have been supplemented;
The division of the scale of hazardous waste incineration facilities has been cancelled;
Improved pollutant control indicators and emission limit requirements;
Deleted the pollution control requirements of PCB and medical waste incineration facilities.
Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix.
The pollutant discharge limits specified in this standard are basic requirements. The local provincial people’s government has
For pollutant control projects, local pollutant discharge standards can be formulated; for air and water pollutants that have been specified in this standard,
Local pollutant discharge standards that are stricter than this standard can be formulated.
This standard is organized and formulated by the Solid Waste and Chemicals Department and the Laws and Standards Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
The main drafting organizations of this standard. Shenyang Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Center, Environmental Standard Research Institute of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, National Environmental Protection Hazardous Waste Disposal Engineering Technology (Shenyang) Center.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on November 26, 2020.
This standard will be implemented on July 1, 2021.Since the implementation of this standard, the "Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" (GB
18484-2001) repealed. All localities can be approved by the provincial people’s government according to local ecological and environmental protection needs and economic and technical conditions
Implement this standard in advance.
This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Pollution control standards for hazardous waste incineration
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the site selection, operation, monitoring, waste storage, compatibility and incineration process of hazardous waste incineration facilities.
Environmental protection requirements, and implementation and supervision.
This standard applies to the pollution of existing hazardous waste incineration facilities (excluding dedicated PCB waste and medical waste incineration facilities)
Control and environmental management, as well as the environmental impact assessment of the construction of new hazardous waste incineration facilities, and the design of hazardous waste incineration facilities
Pollution control and environmental management during construction, completion acceptance, pollution discharge permit management, and operation after completion.
Special hazardous waste incineration facilities that have issued special national pollution control standards or environmental protection standards implement their special standards.
Pollutant emission limits for high-temperature heat treatment facilities such as hazardous waste melting, pyrolysis, gasification, etc., if there is no special national pollution control standard
Or environmental protection standards can be implemented with reference to this standard.
This standard does not apply to the co-processing of hazardous waste using boilers and industrial furnaces.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this
standard. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB 8978 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
GB 12348 Environmental Noise Emission Standard at the Boundary of Industrial Enterprises
GB 14554 Odor Pollutant Emission Standard
GB 16297 Comprehensive Emission Standard of Air Pollutants
GB 18597 Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Storage
GB 37822 Unorganized emission control standard of volatile organic compounds
GB/T 16157 Determination of particulate matter in exhaust from stationary sources and sampling method for gaseous pollutants
HJ/T 20 Technical Specification for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Industrial Solid Waste
HJ/T 27 Determination of hydrogen chloride in exhaust gas from stationary sources. Mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometric method
HJ/T 42 Determination of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from stationary sources. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
HJ/T 43 Determination of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from stationary sources. Naphthylethylenediamine hydrochloride spectrophotometric method
HJ/T 44 Determination of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas from stationary pollution sources Non-dispersive infrared absorption method
HJ/T 55 Technical Guidelines for Monitoring Unorganized Emissions of Air Pollutants
HJ/T 56 Determination of sulfur dioxide in exhaust gas from stationary sources-Iodimetry
HJ 57 Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in Waste Gas from Stationary Pollution Sources Constant Potential Electrolysis Method
HJ/T 63.1 Determination of fixed atmospheric pollution source nickel-Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ/T 63.2 Determination of fixed atmospheric pollution source Nickel Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ/T 63.3 Determination of fixed atmospheric pollution source nickel-Diacetyl oxime-n-butanol extraction spectrophotometry
HJ/T 64.1 Determination of cadmium in fixed atmospheric pollution source Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ/T 64.2 Determination of cadmium in fixed atmospheric pollution source Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ/T 64.3 Determination of fixed atmospheric pollution source cadmium p-Azobenzenediazoaminoazobenzenesulfonic acid spectrophotometric method
HJ/T 65 Determination of tin in fixed atmospheric pollution source Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ 75 Technical specification for continuous monitoring of emission of stationary pollution source flue gas (SO2, NOX, particulate matter)
HJ 77.2 Determination of Dioxins in Ambient Air and Exhaust Gas Isotope Dilution High Resolution Gas Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
HJ 91.1 Technical Specification for Wastewater Monitoring
HJ 212 Pollutant online monitoring (monitoring) system data transmission standard
HJ/T 365 Technical Specification for Dioxin Emission Monitoring of Hazardous Waste (including Medical Waste) Incineration and Disposal Facilities
HJ/T 397 Fixed source exhaust gas monitoring technical specification
HJ 540 Determination of arsenic in waste gas from stationary sources. Silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method
HJ 543 Determination of mercury in exhaust gas from stationary sources. Cold atomic absorption spectrophotometry (provisional)
HJ 548 Stationary pollution source waste gas hydrogen chloride determination silver nitrate volumetric method
HJ 549 Determination of Ambient Air and Waste Gas Hydrogen Chloride Ion Chromatography
HJ 561 Technical specification for performance testing of hazardous waste (including medical waste) incineration facilities
HJ 604 Determination of Ambient Air Total Hydrocarbons, Methane and Non-Methane Total Hydrocarbons Direct Sampling-Gas Chromatography
HJ 629 Determination of sulfur dioxide in exhaust gas from stationary pollution sources Non-dispersive infrared absorption method
HJ 657 Determination of lead and other metallic elements in air and exhaust particles by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
HJ 685 Determination of lead in exhaust gas from stationary sources-Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
HJ 688 Determination of hydrogen fluoride from stationary pollution sources by ion chromatography
HJ 692 Determination of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from stationary pollution sources Non-dispersive infrared absorption method
HJ 693 Determination of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from stationary sources of constant potential electrolysis
HJ 819 General Rules of Technical Guidelines for Self-monitoring of Pollutant Discharge Units
HJ 836 Gravimetric method for determination of low-concentration particulate matter in waste gas from stationary sources
HJ 916 Environmental Dioxin Monitoring Technical Specification
HJ 973 Fixed-potential electrolysis method for determination of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas from stationary sources
HJ 1012 Technical requirements and testing methods for portable monitors of ambient air and exhaust gas total hydrocarbons, methane and non-methane total hydrocarbons
HJ 1024 Determination of thermal ignition loss rate of solid waste gravimetric method
HJ 2025 Technical specification for hazardous waste collection, storage and transportation
"National Hazardous Waste List"
"Environmental Monitoring Management Measures" (formerly State Environmental Protection Administration Order No. 39)
"Administrative Measures for Automatic Monitoring of Pollution Sources" (formerly SEPA Order No. 28)
"Administrative Regulations on the Application of Automatic Monitoring Data for Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plants" (Order No. 10 of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Hazardous waste
Listed in the national hazardous waste list or identified as having hazardous characteristics according to the hazardous waste identification standards and identification methods prescribed by the state
Sexual solid waste.
3.2
Incineration
Hazardous waste undergoes combustion and other reactions under high temperature conditions to realize the process of harmlessness and reduction.
3.3
Incineration facility
Devices that dispose of hazardous waste by incineration to reduce the quantity, volume, and eliminate its hazardous characteristics, including feedstock
Plants, incinerators, flue gas purification devices and control systems, etc.
3.4
Incineration capacity
The design capacity of incineration facilities to incinerate hazardous waste per unit time.
3.5
Incineration residues
Incineration residue, fly ash and wastewater treatment sludge discharged after incineration of hazardous waste.
3.6
Loss on ignition
The percentage of the mass of the incineration residue reduced by burning to the mass of the original incineration residue. Calculate according to formula (1).
() 100%A BP
= × (1)
Where.
P-heat reduction rate, %;
A- The mass of the original incineration residue at room temperature after drying for 1 h at (105±25)℃, g;
B-The mass of the incineration residue after being burned at (600±25)℃ for 3 h and then cooled to room temperature, g.
3.7
High temperature section of incinerator
The temperature of the flue gas produced by combustion at the outlet and upstream of the incinerator combustion chamber is in the interval ≥1100℃.
3.8
Flue gas residence time
The duration of the flue gas produced by combustion in the high temperature section (≥1100℃), which can pass through the effective volume and flue gas of the high temperature section of the incinerator
Calculation of the ratio of flow.
3.9
Temperature of high temperature section of incinerator
The outlet of the incinerator combustion chamber and the upstream of the outlet ensure that the residence time of the flue gas meets the average temperature in the area where the specified requirements are met. Incinerator
The 5-minute average value of the temperature measured by the thermocouple in the furnace, that is, the median temperature of each thermocouple measured at the outlet section and the outlet upstream section
The 5-minute average of the arithmetic mean.
3.10
Combustion efficiency (CE)
The percentage of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue exhaust gas to the sum of the concentration of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Calculate according to formula (2).
CO
CO CO
CE 100%
CC
= ×
(2)
Where.
2CO
C-The concentration of CO2 in the exhaust after combustion;
COC-The concentration of CO in the exhaust after combustion.
3.11
Destruction removal efficiency (DRE)
The difference between the mass of the characteristic organic compound that is incinerated and the mass of the compound remaining in the flue gas and the mass of the compound that is incinerated
Percentage. Calculate according to formula (3).
()io
DRE 100%
WW
= × (3)
Where.
Wi- is the mass of characteristic organic compounds incinerated per unit time, kg/h;
Wo- is the mass of characteristic organic compounds corresponding to Wi discharged with flue gas per unit time, kg/h.
3.12
Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
The general term for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDDS) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDFS).
3.13
Toxic equivalency factor (TEF)
The ratio of the affinity of dioxins congeners and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin to aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (Ah receptors).
See Appendix A for the toxicity equivalent factors of typical dioxins congeners.
3.14
Toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ)
The concentration of each dioxin congener is converted into an equivalent concentration equivalent to the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and the toxicity is equivalent
The quantity is the product of the measured concentration and the toxicity equivalent factor of the isomer. Calculate according to formula (4).
()TEQ TEF= ×∑ Dioxin toxicity congener concentration (4)
Where.
TEQ-toxic equivalent;
TEF-toxic equivalent factor.
3.15
Standard conditions
The gas state when the temperature is 273.15 K and the pressure is 101.325 kPa. The emission concentration limits of air pollutants specified in this standard are all
Based on dry gas under standard conditions.
3.16
Average value
The arithmetic average of the concentration of pollutants in a certain number of samples collected within a certain period of time. Dioxins should be monitored in
The collection of no less than 3 samples should be completed within 6~12 hours; the monitoring of heavy metal pollutants should be completed within 0.5~8 hours.
The collection of samples.
3.17
1-hour average value
The arithmetic average of pollutant concentration in any one hour; or within one hour, collecting 3~4 sample test values at equal intervals
Arithmetic mean.
3.18
24-hour average value
The arithmetic mean of the 1-hour mean in a continuous 24 hours, and the number of valid hour means shall not be less than 20.
3.19
Daily average value
The 1-hour average value measured by the continuous flue gas emission monitoring system (CEMS), according to the "Online Pollutant Monitoring (Monitoring) System
The daily average mass concentration of pollutants calculated by the method specified in the "System Data Transmission Standard". Calculate according to formula (5).
h=1
dm
C =
∑ (5)
Where.
dQC-CEMS measures the average mass concentration of pollutant discharge dry basis standard state on day d, mg/m³;
The 1-hour average value of the mass concentration of pollutants discharged in the hQC-CEMS measurement on the dry basis, mg/m³;
The number of hourly averages of m-CEMS that are effectively measured in the day (m≥20).
3.20
Emission concentration at baseline oxygen content
Taking 11% O2 (dry flue gas) as the benchmark, the measured atmospheric pollutant concentration under the standard state is converted to the large
The emission concentration of air pollutants is not suitable for pure oxygen combustion. Conversion according to formula (6).
()
() ()0 2 2
'21 11
O 'O
ϕ ϕ
(6)
Where.
ρ-The emission concentration of atmospheric pollutant baseline oxygen content, mg/m3;
ρ'-Measured atmospheric pollutant emission concentration under standard conditions, mg/m3;
() 0 2Oϕ-the initial oxygen content of combustion air (%); 21 when air is used for combustion;
() 2'Oϕ-The measured oxygen content of the flue gas (%).
3.21
Existing incineration facility
Before the implementation of this standard, hazardous waste incineration facilities have been built and put into use or the environmental impact assessment documents have been approved.
3.22
New incineration facility
After the implementation of this standard, the new, rebuilt and expanded hazardous waste incineration facilities whose environmental impact assessment documents have passed the approval.
4 Site selection requirements
4.1 The site selection of hazardous waste incineration facilities shall comply with the ecological environmental protection laws and regulations and relevant statutory planning requirements, and comprehensive consideration shall be given to facilities and services.
The basic elements such as business area, transportation, geological environment, etc. ensure that the facilities are in a relatively stable environment for a long time. Encourage the incineration of hazardous waste
Facilities are located in a concentrated area of municipal facilities such as a circular economy park. The functional layout of each facility in this area can be based on the environmental impact assessment document.
Pieces to be adjusted.
4.2 The site selection of incineration facilities should not be located in the sanitary areas designated by the State Council and the
In the area of the red line of ecological protection, permanent basic farmland concentration area and other areas that need special protection.
4.3 A certain protection distance should be set between the site of incineration facilities and sensitive targets. The protection distance should be based on site conditions and incineration disposal technology.
The technical process, pollutant discharge characteristics and diffusion factors shall be comprehensively determined, and shall meet the requirements of environmental impact assessment documents and approval opinions.
5 Technical requirements for pollution control
5.1 Storage
5.1.1 The storage facilities should meet the requirements specified in GB 18597.
5.1.2 The storage facilities should be provided with temporary storage facilities and partitions for incineration residues.
5.2 Compatibility
5.2.1 The hazardous waste entering the furnace should meet the design requirements of the incinerator. It is forbidden to incinerate hazardous wastes with explosive properties.
5.2.2 Before entering the furnace, the hazardous waste should be compatible with the performance requirements of the incinerator to make its calorific value and main harmful components
The content, combustible chlorine content, heavy metal content, combustible sulfur content, moisture and ash content meet the design requirements of incineration facilities, and should be guaranteed
The physical and chemical properties of the waste entering the furnace are stable.
5.2.3 Pollution control measures in the pretreatment and compatibility workshop should meet the requirements specified in GB 18597, and the exhaust gas generated should be collected and introduced into the waste
Gas treatment equipment, the waste water produced should be collected and led to the waste water treatment equipment.
5.3 Incineration
5.3.1 General provisions
5.3.1.1 The incineration facility should adopt negative pressure design or other technical measures to prevent harmful gases from escaping during operation.
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