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GB 16735-2019 English PDF (GB 16735-2004, GB/T 16735-1997)

GB 16735-2019_English: PDF (GB16735-2019)
Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] delivered inStandard Title (Description)StatusPDF
GB 16735-2019English165 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Road vehicle -- Vehicle identification number (VIN) Valid GB 16735-2019
GB 16735-2004English70 Add to Cart 0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery Road vehicle -- Vehicle identification number (VIN) Obsolete GB 16735-2004
GB/T 16735-1997English199 Add to Cart 3 days [Need to translate] Road vehicles--Vehicle identification number (VIN)--Location and attachment Obsolete GB/T 16735-1997


BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB 16735-2019 (GB16735-2019)
Description (Translated English) Road vehicle -- Vehicle identification number (VIN)
Sector / Industry National Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard T04
Classification of International Standard 43.020
Word Count Estimation 16,185
Date of Issue 2019-10-14
Date of Implementation 2020-01-01
Drafting Organization China Automotive Technology Research Center Co., Ltd., Ministry of Public Security Traffic Management Science Research Institute, Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Ltd. Technology Center, Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd., SAIC Motor Corporation Limited, Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. , Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Great Wall Motor Co., Ltd., Brilliance Automobile Group Holdings Co., Ltd., Shenyang Jinbei Vehicle Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd., China FAW Co., Ltd., Beijing Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing Automobile Group Co., Ltd. Automotive Engineering Research Institute, GAC Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd., FAW Toyota Technology Development Co., Ltd., Changan Ford Motor Co., Ltd., SAIC Volkswagen Co., Ltd.
Administrative Organization Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Proposing organization Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB 16735-2004 (GB16735-2004)
Description (Translated English) Road vehicle. Vehicle identification number (VIN)
Sector / Industry National Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard T04
Classification of International Standard 43.020
Word Count Estimation 12,140
Date of Issue 2004-06-21
Date of Implementation 2004-10-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) GB 16735-1997; GB/T 16736-1997
Quoted Standard GB/T 3730.1-2001; GB/T 5359.1-1996; GB 16737-2004; GB/T 18410-2001
Adopted Standard ISO 3779-1983, NEQ; ISO 4030-1983, NEQ; CFR49 �� 565, NEQ; CFR49 �� 568, NEQ; CFR49 �� 571.115, NEQ
Drafting Organization China Automotive Technology and Research Center
Administrative Organization National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee
Regulation (derived from) Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 7, 2004 (No. 69 overall)
Proposing organization China Association of Automobile Manufacturers
Issuing agency(ies) China National Standardization Administration Committee General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China
Summary This Chinese standard specifies the contents of the vehicle identification number and composition in order to create a unified worldwide road vehicle identification number system. This standard also gives the vehicle identification number on the vehicle location system and the fixed requirements. This standard applies to GB/T 3730. 1-2001 and GB/T 5359. 1-1996 specified vehicles, trailers, motorcycles and mopeds, as well as other needs labeled VIN of the vehicle.

BASIC DATA
Standard ID GB/T 16735-1997 (GB/T16735-1997)
Description (Translated English) Road vehicles--Vehicle identification number (VIN)--Location and attachment
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard T04
Classification of International Standard 43.02
Word Count Estimation 4,416
Date of Issue 1997/2/21
Date of Implementation 1997/8/1
Adopted Standard ISO 4030-1983, IDT
Regulation (derived from) Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards 2004 No. 7 (No. 69 overall)


GB 16735-2019 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.020 T 04 Replacing GB 16735-2004 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 14, 2019 IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2020 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 5  2 Normative References ... 5  3 Terms and Definitions ... 5  4 Content and Structure of Vehicle Identification Number ... 8  5 Marking Position of Vehicle Identification Number ... 12  6 Marking Modes and Requirements of Vehicle Identification Number ... 14  7 Vehicle Manufacturer’s Responsibility of Marking ... 15  8 Compilation Rules of Vehicle Identification Number ... 16  9 Re-marking or Modification of Already-marked Vehicle Identification Number ... 16  10 Implementation Date of Standard ... 19  Appendix A (normative) Computing Method of Check Digit ... 21  Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 1 Scope This Standard stipulates the content and structure of vehicle identification number, and the marking requirements and marking modification requirements of vehicle identification number. This Standard is applicable to automobile, and its incomplete vehicle, trailer, motorcycle and moped. Other vehicles that need vehicle identification number may also take this as a reference. 2 Normative References The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 15089 Classification of Power-driven Vehicles and Trailers; GB 16737 Road Vehicle - World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI) Code; GB/T 18410 Vehicle Identification Number Bar-code Label; GB/T 18411 Power-driven Vehicles Manufacturers Plate; GB/T 25978 Road Vehicles - Plates and Label; GB 30509 Identification for Passenger Cars and Their Parts 3 Terms and Definitions What is defined in GB/T 15089 and GB 16737, and the following terms and definitions are applicable to this document. 3.1 Vehicle Identification Number; VIN Vehicle identification number refers to a group of character codes appointed by vehicle manufacturer with the purpose of identifying a certain vehicle. 3.2 World Manufacturer Identifier; WMI continues to conduct manufacturing operations on complete vehicle. 3.10 Intermediate Manufacturer Intermediate manufacturer refers to vehicle manufacturer which conducts manufacturing operations on vehicle manufactured in two stages or multiple stages. It is neither incomplete vehicle manufacturer nor final-stage manufacturer. 3.11 Year Year refers to the calendar year of vehicle manufacturing, or, the model year determined by vehicle manufacturer. 3.12 Model Year Model year refers to the year appointed by vehicle manufacturer to a certain independent vehicle model. As long as the practical manufacture cycle does not exceed 24 months, it may be inconsistent with the calendar year. If the practical manufacture cycle is before the New Year, model year shall be consistent with the calendar year. If the practical manufacture cycle passes the New Year, model year shall include, and merely include, January 1 of the calendar year that is corresponding with the appointed year code. 3.13 Assembly Plant Assembly plant refers to manufacturing plant or manufacturing line, in which, vehicle manufacturer marks vehicle identification number (VIN). 3.14 Divider Divider refers to symbols, character codes or actual boundary lines that are used to separate each part of vehicle identification number, or, stipulate the boundary (beginning and ending) of vehicle identification number. 3.15 Modification Identifier Modification identifier refers to identifier that is used to determine re-marking or modification of vehicle identification number. 3.16 Check Digit Check digit refers to an independent figure or letter X, which is used to check the correctness of the copying of vehicle identification number. The selection of dividers (such as: ) shall be independently determined by vehicle manufacturer. Divider cannot use any character code of vehicle identification number, or, any character code that might cause confusion. Re-marking or modification identifier, and symbols that might cause confusion cannot be used. 5 Marking Position of Vehicle Identification Number 5.1 Each vehicle shall have a unique vehicle identification number, which shall be permanently and retentively marked on the vehicle. The composition and sequence of all the character codes of vehicle identification number marked on the same vehicle shall be identical. Except from the circumstance stipulated in Chapter 9, already- marked vehicle identification number cannot be modified. 5.2 On product label, vehicle identification number (Type-L1 and Type-L3 vehicle may be excluded) shall be marked. The type, marking position and marking requirements of product label shall comply with the stipulations in GB/T 18411. 5.3 Vehicle shall at least have a vehicle identification number that is directly engraved on an anti-corrosion and anti-abrasion part of the frame (in terms of vehicles without a frame, it shall be on a main load-bearing and unremovable part of the vehicle body). Specifically speaking: a) Vehicle identification number of Type-M1 vehicle shall be engraved on a structural part in the engine compartment that can prevent from replacement, or, engraved on the door pillar. Due to the structural constraint, if there is no space for engraving, it may also be engraved on another structural part on the right side, except from the luggage compartment; b) In terms of trucks and all the draw-bar trailers whose maximum design total mass is more than, or equals to 12,000 kg, vehicle identification number shall be engraved on the external side of stringer on the front end of the right front leg (apart from vehicles that do not have a stringer); c) Vehicle identification number of other vehicles or trailers without a stringer shall be engraved on a structural part in the front area on the right side. If there is structural constraint, it may also be engraved on another structural part on the right side. Parts with engraved vehicle identification number cannot be handled through modes like polishing, patching, gasket, chiseling and repainting (apart from the application of lacquering technology in design and manufacture for the purpose of protecting the engraved vehicle identification number). When being observed from the above (the front), the surface of a sufficiently large area around the engraved area shall not have any coverage. If there is coverage, the surface of such coverage shall clearly indicate face of the container (atmospheric pressure tank) shall be less than, or, equals to 1,000 mm. If it is engraved on a connecting structural part on both sides (left and right), it shall be as close to the front end face of the container (atmospheric pressure tank) as possible. 5.8 Vehicle manufacturer shall mark vehicle identification number in at least one kind of accompanying documents. 6 Marking Modes and Requirements of Vehicle Identification Number 6.1 Vehicle identification number adopts human readable code, or, a combination of human-readable code and machine-readable code, or, shall be marked in the form of electronic data. 6.2 Vehicle identification number shall be directly engraved on vehicles; or, pasted on vehicles through a label; or, be marked through the mode of storing electronic data that complies with corresponding standard stipulations in an electronic control memory unit in an irrevocable way. In terms of vehicles other than Type-M1 vehicles (excluding Type-M1 vehicles completed through the manufacture in multiple stages), vehicle identification number may also permanently and retentively be fixed on vehicles through a label. When vehicle identification number adopts the mode of direct engraving for marking, the following requirements shall be satisfied: a) When vehicle identification number is marked in accordance with the stipulations in 5.3 and 5.7, in terms of automobiles and trailers, the height of directly engraved character codes shall be more than, or, equals to 7.0 mm; the depth of the character codes shall be more than, or, equals to 0.3 mm (the depth of passenger cars and closed trucks whose total mass is less than or equals to 3,500 kg shall be more than, or, equals to 0.2 mm). In terms of motorcycles, the height of directly engraved character codes shall be more than, or, equals to 5.0 mm; the depth of the character codes shall be more than, or, equals to 0.2 mm. The total length of the engraved vehicle identification number shall be less than, or, equals to 200 mm. b) Apart from marking vehicle identification number in accordance with the stipulations in 5.3 and 5.7, the height of directly engraved character codes shall be more than, or, equals to 4.0 mm. c) The typeface and the size of character codes of the engraved vehicle identification number shall be identical (except from vehicle identification number that is engraved on different parts). Moreover, the spacing between the the vehicle identification number on the original vehicle. Thus, final-stage manufacturer shall take the responsibility of marking the vehicle identification number of the original vehicle in accordance with the marking position and marking modes stipulated in this Standard. If final-stage manufacturer conducts manufacturing operations on incomplete vehicle without an intact driving cab, and the vehicle completed in multiple-stage manufacture belongs to Type-M1 and Type-N1 vehicles, then, the final-stage manufacturer shall take the responsibility of marking the vehicle identification number of the original vehicle in accordance with the marking position and marking modes of Type-M1 and Type-N1 vehicles stipulated in this Standard. 8 Compilation Rules of Vehicle Identification Number 8.1 Vehicle manufacturer shall formulate its own compilation rules of vehicle identification number in accordance with the stipulations in this Standard. The compilation rules of vehicle identification number shall include specific stipulations of the encoding rules of all character codes of vehicle identification number, the marking position and marking modes of vehicle identification number, etc. 8.2 Vehicle manufacturer’s compilation rules of vehicle identification number shall be submitted to an authorized organization for review and registration. 8.3 Vehicle manufacturer shall mark vehicle identification number on each vehicle product in accordance with the compilation rules of vehicle identification number that have already been reviewed and registered. 8.4 Manufacturer of import vehicles shall comply with the stipulations in 8.1 ~ 8.3. 8.5 Export vehicles shall implement relevant requirements of vehicle identification number of the place of vehicle import. 9 Re-marking or Modification of Already-marked Vehicle Identification Number 9.1 Reasons for Re-marking or Modification of Vehicle Identification Number 9.1.1 When already-marked vehicle identification number needs to be re-marked or modified, vehicle manufacturer shall submit an application to the authorized organization. After obtaining the approval, vehicle manufacturer may conduct re- marking or modification of vehicle identification number. Vehicle manufacturer shall permanently keep relevant vehicle information after re-marking or modification; in accordance with relevant requirements, submit to the authorized organization for Figure 3 -- Identifier of Re-marking or Modification b) Vehicle manufacturer shall engrave the re-marked vehicle identification number (as it is shown in Figure 4) in a tightly connected position of the original vehicle identification number. In terms of Type-M1, Type-N1, Type-L1 and Type-L3 vehicles, if there is structural constraint, the re-marked vehicle identification number may also be engraved on other parts that comply with the stipulations in Chapter 5. 9.2.3 When vehicle manufacturer modifies vehicle identification number that is already engraved in accordance with the stipulations in Chapter 5, vehicle manufacturer shall satisfy the following requirements: a) Vehicle manufacturer shall engrave an identifier of re-marking or modification (as it is shown in Figure 3) in a tightly connected space on both ends of the original vehicle identification number. The outer diameter of the identifier of re- marking or modification shall be more than, or, equals to the height of character codes of the original vehicle identification number; the depth shall be more than, or, equals to the depth of character codes of the original vehicle identification number. b) Vehicle manufacturer shall engrave “X” on character codes that need modification in the original vehicle identification number; engrave the modified vehicle identification number (as it is shown in Figure 5) in a tightly connected position of the original vehicle identification number. In terms of Type-M1, Type- N1, Type-L1 and Type-L3 vehicles, if there is structural constraint, “X” may not be engraved; meanwhile, the modified vehicle identification number (as it is shown in Figure 6) may also be engraved on other parts stipulated in Chapter 5. Figure 4 -- Sketch Map of the Position of Re-marked Vehicle Identification Number Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4 ......


GB 16735-2004 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.020 T 04 Replacing GB/T 16735-1997, GB/T 16736-1997 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) ISSUED ON: JUNE 21, 2004 IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2004 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Terms and definitions ... 5 4 Content and structure of VIN ... 7 5 Attachment methods and labelling location of VIN ... 11 6 Marking responsibility of vehicle manufacturer ... 12 7 Formulation rules of VIN ... 13 Annex A (Normative) Calculation method for check digit ... 14 Annex B (Informative) Description of vehicle type characteristics ... 16 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 1 Scope This Standard specifies the content and structure of a Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), so as to establish, on a world-wide basis, a uniform identification numbering system for road vehicles. This Standard also specifies the requirements for the location and marking of the Vehicle Identification Number on vehicles. This Standard applies to the motor vehicles, trailers, motorcycles and mopeds as defined in GB/T 3730.1-2001 and GB/T 5359.1-1996, and other vehicles necessary to have VIN label. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute the provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision. The parties who agree on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For the reference documents without date, their newest editions apply to this Standard. GB/T 3730.1-2001 Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions (ISO 3833:1999, MOD) GB/T 5359.1-1996 Motorcycles and mopeds - Terms - Vehicle types (neq ISO 3833:1977) GB 16737-2004 Road vehicle - World manufacturer identifier (WMI) code (ISO 3780:1983, MOD) GB/T 18410-2001 Bar code label of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) A structured combination of characters that is assigned to a vehicle by the manufacturer for identification purposes. 3.2 World manufacturer identifier (WMI) The first section of the VIN that designates the manufacturer of the vehicle. The code is 3.11 Year There are two kinds of year -- one is the calendar year in which the vehicle was produced; the other is the model year which was determined by the manufacturer. 3.12 Model year The year that is used to designate a discrete vehicle model irrespective of the calendar year in which the vehicle was actually produced, so long as the actual period is less than two calendar years. 3.13 Divider A symbol, character or physical border that may be used to separate the sections of the VIN or to define the limits (beginning and end) of the VIN. Dividers must not be confused with Arabic numerals or Roman letters. 4 Content and structure of VIN 4.1 Basic content of VIN The VIN, total of 17 characters, shall consist of three sections -- the world manufacturer identifier (WMI), the vehicle descriptor section (VDS), and the vehicle indicator section (VIS). For the manufacturers who annually produce 500 or more motor vehicles, the first section of VIN shall be the world manufacturer identifier (WMI); the second section is the vehicle descriptor section (VDS); and the last section is the vehicle indicator section (VIS) (see Figure 1). For the manufacturers who annually produce less than 500 motor vehicles, the first section of VIN shall be the world manufacturer identifier (WMI); the second section shall be the vehicle descriptor section (VDS); the third, fourth and fifth characters of the third section, together with the three characters of the first section, shall make up the WMI, and the remaining five characters of the third section shall be the vehicle indicator section (VIS) (See Figure 2). 4.5 Characters Only the following Arabic numerals and capital Roman letters shall be used in the VIN: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 A B C D E F G H J K L M N P R S T U V W X Y Z (The letters I, O and Q shall not be used.) 4.6 Dividers The selection of the dividers to be used is at the discretion of the manufacturer. However, it shall not be any character used in the VIN (see 4.5) or any character that could be confused with a VIN character, e.g. ☆, ★. 5 Attachment methods and labelling location of VIN 5.1 The attachment methods of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) For the attachment of the VIN, the manufacturer of the vehicle may choose between the following solutions: 5.1.1 The VIN is directly marked on vehicle frame, or for vehicle body with frame, on a structure part of the vehicle not easily removed or replaced. 5.1.2 The VIN is directly marked on number plate which, in turn, is permanently affixed to the structure part of vehicle mentioned in 5.1.1 above. 5.2 The labeling location of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 5.2.1 Each vehicle shall have its unique Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), located on specified position on vehicle. 5.2.2 The VIN shall be located on the front half of the right side of the vehicle as far as possible, and shall be located on a structure part of the vehicle which is easily visible and precludes obliteration or alteration (except glass). It can also be located on other easily accessible and observable positions if there is a structural limitation exiting. 5.2.3 The VIN shall be meanwhile marked on product number plate (two-wheel motorcycle and moped may be excepted). 5.2.4 For vehicles of category M1 and N1, the VIN shall be meanwhile permanently marked on the dashboard adjacent to the windscreen pillar. Its location shall be such that it can be readable from outside the vehicle without moving any part of the vehicle in the day-time. 5.2.5 The vehicle manufacturer shall indicate the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) at least in one kind of its Owner’s Handbook. 5.3 The labeling requirements of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 5.3.1 The height of VIN characters shall be 7mm at least, and with a depth of at least 0.3mm if it is marked directly on vehicle structure parts. For motorcycle and moped, the height of VIN characters shall be 5mm at least, and with a depth of at least 0.2mm if it is marked directly on vehicle structure parts. For any other cases, the height of VIN characters shall be 4mm at least. 5.3.2 The characters of the VIN shall, in all cases, be legible, durable and not easily altered. 5.3.3 The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) can be marked either in the form of manually readable code or machine-readable bar code. If bar code is applied, it shall meet the requirements in GB/T 18410-2001. 5.3.4 When the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is marked on vehicle or number plate, it shall be shown on one line without using of dividers as far as possible. In special situation, if the VIN must be shown on two lines due to technical reasons, there shall be no blank line in- between, and there shall be a divider at the beginning and ending of each line. 5.3.5 The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) shall be indicated on documents in such a way that there shall be no blanks and no dividers. 6 Marking responsibility of vehicle manufacturer 6.1 Each manufacturer of complete vehicle and/or incomplete vehicle shall be responsible for marking the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) on every vehicle according to the attachment methods and labeling location as specified in this Standard. The marking location and methods of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) shall be described in vehicle Owner Manual. 6.2 The intermediate manufacturer and final-stage manufacturer shall remain the original VIN of the complete vehicle or incomplete vehicle during their products retrofitting, and affix the VIN of the original vehicle to its retrofitted parts and components or its nameplate without any change. Besides, the description of the position and labeling manner of the VIN shall be included in the "Owner's Manual" or equivalent documents with the vehicle. 6.2.1 If the manufacturing operation is carried out on the incomplete vehicle by final-stage manufacturer, the vehicle body components after retrofitting may lead to failure to see the VIN of the original vehicle, and then the final stage manufacturer shall be responsible for labeling the VIN of the original vehicle in the position and manner as specified in this Standard. 6.2.2 If the manufacturing operation is carried out on the incomplete vehicle without complete- cab by final-stage manufacturer, and if the retrofitted vehicle belongs to the vehicles of category M1 and N1, then, the final stage manufacturer shall be responsible for labeling the VIN of the original vehicle in the position and manner as specified in this Standard. B.2.1 Vehicle body type It can be described on the aspects such as vehicle body appearance, cab type, cargo body type, and loading methods. The vehicle body appearance can be classified as normal control, forward control without head, forward control with short head, double deck, N compartments and N doors. The cab type can be classified as forward control cab, normal control cab, tilt cab, cab with single row seat, cab with double row seat, cab with bed, etc. The cargo body type can be classified as flat cargo deck, cargo deck with gate, van, tanker, box/stake, tipper, container, vehicle transport, special structure, etc. The loading methods can be classified as full monocoque body, semi-monocoque body, and body-chassis frame construction. B.2.2 Propulsion type It can be described on the aspects of propulsion methods and propulsion type. The propulsion methods can be classified as front wheel drive, rear wheel drive and full wheel drive. The propulsion types can be classified as 4×2, 4×4, 6×2, 6×4, 6×6, 8×4, etc. B.3 Vehicle equipment characteristics B.3.1 Engine characteristics For automobile, the engine can be described on the aspects such as engine types, engine displacement (L) or power (kW), cylinder number, fuel type, fuel feeding methods, engine arrangement methods and layout. For motorcycle and moped, the engine can be described on the aspects such as engine types, cylinder number, stroke, engine arrangement methods and layout, cooling methods. B.3.2 Restraint system type It can be described on the aspects such as whether the vehicle is equipped with safety belt, air bag (front air bag on driver’s side, front air bag on passenger side, and side air bags). B.3.3 Transmission type It can be described on the aspects such as transmission type and gear number. B.3.4 Suspension type It can be classified according to related standards. B.3.5 Brake type For automobile, it can be classified according to GB/T 5620-2002: Road vehicle-Brake for automobile and trailer-Terms and definitions (idt ISO 611:1994) B.3.6 Drive / Start methods ......

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