GB 15744-2019_English: PDF (GB15744-2019)
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The limits and measurement methods of fuel consumption for motorcycles and mopeds
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GB 15744-2019
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Standards related to: GB 15744-2019
| Standard ID | GB 15744-2019 (GB15744-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | The limits and measurement methods of fuel consumption for motorcycles and mopeds | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | T80 | | Classification of International Standard | 43.140 | | Word Count Estimation | 27,243 | | Date of Issue | 2019-07-29 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-07-01 | | Drafting Organization | Tianjin Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute (Tianjin Motorcycle Technology Center), Shanghai Motor Vehicle Testing and Certification Technology Research Center Co., Ltd., CCIC Western Inspection Co., Ltd., Nanchang Motorcycle Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute Co., Ltd., Jiangmen Dachangjiang Group Co., Ltd., Wuyang -Honda Motorcycle (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Xindazhou Honda Motorcycle Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Qianjiang Motorcycle Co., Ltd., Jinan Qingqi Motorcycle Co., Ltd., Zongshen Industry Group Co., Ltd., Lovol Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Chunfeng Power Co., Ltd. company | | Administrative Organization | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China | | Proposing organization | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB 15744-2019
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.140
T 80
Replacing GB 15744-2008, GB 16486-2008
The Limits and Measurement Methods of Fuel
Consumption for Motorcycles and Mopeds
ISSUED ON: JULY 29, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative References ... 7
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 Fuel Consumption Limits ... 8
5 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption ... 10
6 Type Expansion ... 20
7 Implementation of Standard ... 20
Appendix A (normative) Product Description ... 21
Appendix B (normative) Measurement Methods, Measuring Devices and
Calculation Methods of Fuel Consumption ... 32
Appendix C (normative) Requirements for Type Expansion... 39
The Limits and Measurement Methods of Fuel
Consumption for Motorcycles and Mopeds
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the limits and measurement methods of fuel consumption for
motorcycles and mopeds.
This Standard is applicable to motorcycles and mopeds powered by spark ignition
engines, as well as regular three-wheeled motorcycles powered by compression
ignition engines.
This Standard is inapplicable to vehicles that merely use gaseous fuels or alcohol fuels.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 5378 Methods of Road Test for Motorcycles and Mopeds
GB 14622-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Motorcycle Pollutant Discharge
(China stage IV)
GB 18176-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions of Pollutants from
Mopeds (China stage IV)
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB 14622-2016 and GB 18176-2016, and the following terms and
definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Type I Test
Type I test refers to the measurement of average fuel consumption of motorcycles and
mopeds under specified operating cycle conditions.
3.2 Reference Speed
Reference speed refers to the driving speed of regular three-wheeled motorcycles and
5.2.1.1 The manufacturer or its authorized agent shall submit product description
documents in accordance with the requirements in Appendix A.
5.2.1.2 When testing on the chassis dynamometer, for the state of the test vehicle,
motorcycles shall comply with the relevant stipulations of C.2.2 in GB 14622-2016;
mopeds shall comply with the relevant stipulations of C.2.2 in GB 18176-2016. The
vehicle classification of two-wheeled motorcycles shall comply with the relevant
stipulations of C.2.3 in GB 14622-2016. For motorcycles with a sidecar, the sidecar
part shall be removed, then, the motorcycles shall be tested as two-wheeled
motorcycles.
5.2.1.3 When testing on the road, the load distribution of the front axle and the rear
axle of the test vehicle shall comply with the requirements in the manufacturer’s
technical documents. When a measuring instrument is installed on the test vehicle, its
impact on the previous load distribution shall be minimized; the mass of the measuring
instrument shall be included in the test record.
5.2.1.4 When a measuring instrument and vehicle speed sensor are installed outside
the test vehicle, the additional air resistance shall be minimized as much as possible.
5.2.2 Driver
When testing on the chassis dynamometer, the driver of motorcycles shall comply with
the relevant stipulations of C.2.5.1 in GB 14622-2016; the driver of mopeds shall
comply with the relevant stipulations of C.2.5.1 in GB 18176-2016.
5.2.3 Fuels and lubricants
5.2.3.1 Motorcycles shall use the fuels specified in Appendix H of GB 14622-2016.
Mopeds shall use the fuels specified in Appendix H of GB 18176-2016.
5.2.3.2 The lubricants of engines shall be configurated in accordance with the grade
and quantity requested in the manufacturer’s technical documents.
5.2.4 Environmental conditions
5.2.4.1 Test on chassis dynamometer
The environmental conditions of the test on motorcycles shall comply with the
stipulations of C.2.1 in GB 14622-2016; the environmental conditions of the test of
mopeds shall comply with the stipulations of C.2.1 in GB 18176-2016.
5.2.4.2 Test on road
The environmental conditions shall satisfy the following conditions:
---Relative humidity: not greater than 95%;
gas sampling and volume measuring equipment, analysis equipment, instruments and
measurement accuracy shall comply with the stipulations of C.2.5.3 ~ C.2.5.5 in GB
14622-2016.
5.3.3 Test procedures
The test shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures specified in C.3 of GB
14622-2016.
5.3.4 Test result
5.3.4.1 The calculation methods for fuel consumption by different measuring devices
are shown in B.3. When the method of carbon balance is used, in accordance with the
emission result obtained from the calculation method of gaseous pollutant emission in
C.4.4 of GB 14622-2016, calculate the fuel consumption by Formula (4); the result
shall be expressed in (L/100 km).
Where,
FC---fuel consumption, expressed in (L/100 km);
MHC---measured hydrocarbon emissions, expressed in (mg/km);
MCO---measured carbon monoxide emissions, expressed in (mg/km);
MCO2---measured carbon dioxide emissions, expressed in (mg/km);
D---density of test fuel at 293 K (20 °C), expressed in (kg/L).
5.3.4.2 The completion of an entire operating cycle is one test, in which, the test results
of fuel consumption of the first stage and the second stage of Type I vehicles are
respectively defined as R11 and R12; the test results of fuel consumption of the first
stage and the second stage of Type II vehicles are respectively defined as R21 and R22;
the test results of fuel consumption of the first stage, the second stage and the third
stage of Type III vehicles are respectively defined as R31, R32 and R33. The calculation
rules of fuel consumption FCI of Type I test are shown in Table 6, in which, w is the
weighting factor, and the specific values are shown in Table 7.
5.3.4.3 Fuel consumption shall be expressed in (L/100 km); the test result shall be
rounded off to two decimal places.
5.4.2 Type II test
5.4.2.1 Test conditions
5.4.2.1.1 Before Type II test, the test vehicle shall go through warm-up driving, so as
to reach the thermal state specified in the manufacturer’s technical documents. If this
is not specified, the test vehicle shall complete Type I test, or normally drive for 15 min,
then, receive Type II test.
5.4.2.1.2 The measurement of fuel consumption shall be carried out in accordance
with one of the methods in Appendix B.
5.4.2.2 On-road measurement method
5.4.2.2.1 Driver and driving posture
The requirements for the driver and driving posture are as follows:
---The driver shall wear protective clothing and a helmet. The height of the driver
is 1.75 m ± 0.05 m; the weight is 75 kg ± 5 kg.
---When driving, the driver shall sit in the prescribed driving position; control the
steering handle with both hands; place both feet on the pedals; normally extend
both arms. During the measurement, the driver shall maintain the same posture.
6.4.2.2.2 Test road
The requirements for the test road are as follows:
---The test road shall be a closed loop with a length of above 2,000 m and a
minimum turning radius of above 200 mm, or, a straight road with a length of
above 500 m and allows passage in both directions.
---The surface of the test road shall be covered with asphalt, pitch, concrete or
equivalent materials.
---The test road shall be as level as possible; the longitudinal gradient is not
allowed to exceed 1%, and the height difference between any two points is not
allowed to exceed 1 m; the transverse gradient is not allowed to exceed 3%.
---The test road shall be flat, dry and tidy.
---The test area: 500 m.
5.4.2.3 Measurement method with chassis dynamometer
5.4.2.3.1 Chassis dynamometer shall be adjusted in accordance with C.3.2 in GB
14622-2016.
5.5.1 Type I test
5.5.1.1 Test cycle
The test cycle of mopeds shall be set in accordance with the stipulations of C.2.5.6
and C.2.5.7 in GB 18176-2016; performed in accordance with the test cycle shown in
Appendix CC of GB 18176-2016; the gear-shifting operation shall be set in accordance
with C.2.5.8 of GB 18176-2016.
5.5.1.2 Test devices
5.5.1.2.1 Chassis dynamometer
The main characteristics of chassis dynamometer shall comply with the stipulations of
C.2.5.2 in GB 18176-2016.
5.5.1.2.2 Fuel consumption measuring device
The measurement of fuel consumption shall be conducted in accordance with one of
the methods in Appendix B. When the method of carbon balance is used, the exhaust
gas sampling and volume measuring equipment, analysis equipment, instruments and
measurement accuracy shall comply with the stipulations of C.2.5.3 ~ C.2.5.5 in GB
18176-2016.
5.5.1.3 Test procedures
The test shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures specified in C.3 of GB
18176-2016.
5.5.1.4 Test result
5.5.1.4.1 The calculation methods for fuel consumption by different measuring devices
are shown in B.3. When the method of carbon balance is used, in accordance with the
emission result obtained from the calculation method of gaseous pollutant emission in
C.4.4 of GB 18176-2016, calculate the fuel consumption by Formula (4) in 5.3.4.1; the
result shall be expressed in (L/100 km).
5.5.1.4.2 The completion of 8 consecutive operating cycles is one test, in which, the
first four sub-cycles are defined as the cold-state test cycle; the last four sub-cycles
are defined as the hot-state test cycle; the test result of the cold-state test cycle is
defined as RC; the test result of the hot-state test cycle is defined as RW; the test result
of fuel consumption of Type I test is FCI = 0.3 RC + 0.7 RW.
5.5.1.4.3 Fuel consumption shall be expressed in (L/100 km); the test result shall be
rounded off to two decimal places.
5.5.2 Type II test
Appendix A
(normative)
Product Description
A.1 Description
Any schematic diagram in the documents shall be fully explained in detail in an
appropriate proportion. If there is a photo, its details shall be demonstrated. If the
system, component or independent technical assembly is controlled by a
microprocessor, its performance data shall be provided.
A.2 Overview
A.2.1 Trademark
A.2.2 Model
A.2.3 Identification number
A.2.4 Category
A.2.5 Manufacturer’s Name and Address
A.2.6 Assembly Plant’s Name and Address
A.2.7 Nameplate location
A.3 Overall Structural Characteristics
A.3.1 Photo and (or) schematic diagram representing vehicle model
A.3.2 Drawing of overall dimensions
A.3.3 Axle base mm; wheelbase mm
A.3.4 Number of axles and number of wheels
A.3.5 Engine installation location
A.3.6 Number of passengers (including the driver)
A.3.7 Maximum design speed km/h
A.4 Complete-vehicle Mass Parameters
A.4.1 Curb weight kg
A.5.18 Maximum net power and corresponding rotating speed of engine3 _ kW/(r/min)
A.5.19 Fuel: diesel / gasoline / LPG / NG1
A.5.20 Maximum torque and corresponding rotating speed of engine3 __ Nm/(r/min)
A.5.21 Cooling system: (liquid cooling / air cooling)1
A.5.21.1 Liquid cooling
A.5.21.1.1 Liquid properties: water / fuel / coolant1
A.5.21.1.2 Circulating pump: YES / NO1
A.5.21.1.3 Highest temperature of outlet °C
A.5.21.2 Air cooling
A.5.21.2.1 Draught fan: YES / NO1
A.5.21.2.2 Datum point location
A.5.21.2.3 Highest temperature of datum point °C
A.5.22 Description of whether there is a supercharger and supercharging system
A.5.23 Intercooler: YES / NO1
A.5.24 Crankcase gas recirculation device (description and schematic diagram)
A.5.25 Air filter: drawing or manufacturer and model
A.6 Contamination Control Device
A.6.1 Catalytic converter: YES / NO1 model
A.6.1.1 Catalytic converter manufacturer
A.6.1.2 Catalytic converter and number of catalytic units
A.6.1.3 Sizes (mm) and shape (volume, ……) of catalytic converter
A.6.1.4 Type of catalytic reaction (oxidized, ternary, ……)
A.6.1.5 Total content (g) and proportion of precious metal
A.6.1.6 Carrier (structure and material)
A.6.1.7 Pore density
A.6.6.2 Operating principle
A.6.7 Selective catalytic converter SCR: YES / NO1 model
A.6.7.1 Type
A.6.7.2 Operating principle
A.6.8 Lean-burn nitrogen oxide trap: YES / NO1 model
A.6.8.1 Type
A.6.8.2 Operating principle
A.6.9 Evaporative pollutant control device
A.6.9.1 Evaporative pollutant control device: YES / NO1
A.6.9.1.1 Detailed description of the device and adjustment status
A.6.9.1.2 Schematic diagram of evaporative pollutant control system
A.6.9.1.3 Carbon canister
A.6.9.1.3.1 Model of carbon canister
A.6.9.1.3.2 Number of carbon canisters
A.6.9.1.3.3 Shape and schematic diagram of carbon canister
A.6.9.1.3.4 Effective volume of carbon canister mL
A.6.9.1.3.5 Manufacturer of carbon canister storage medium
A.6.9.1.3.6 Carbon canister storage medium and model
A.6.9.1.3.7 Mass of activated carbon of carbon canister g
A.6.9.1.3.8 Volume of carbon canister bed mL
A.6.9.1.3.9 Declared value of initial working capacity of carbon canister BWC _ ___
g/100 mL
A.6.9.1.3.10 Description of storage and desorption method of fuel vapor
A.6.9.1.3.11 Sealing and ventilation mode of fuel metering system
A.6.9.1.4 Fuel tank
A.6.9.1.4.1 Shape and schematic diagram of fuel tank
A.7.2.3.3 Pressure3 or characteristic curve3 of fuel supply pump
A.7.2.3.4 Fuel injection pump
A.7.2.3.4.1 Manufacturer
A.7.2.3.4.2 Model
A.7.2.3.4.3 Maximum fuel supply1,3: at the pump rotating speed of r/min,
mm3 / stroke or circulation1,3, or fuel supply characteristic curve1,3
A.7.2.3.4.4 Fuel injection timing3
A.7.2.3.4.5 Fuel injection advance curve3
A.7.2.3.4.6 Calibrated procedure: test platform / engine1
A.7.2.3.5 Speed governor
A.7.2.3.5.1 Model
A.7.2.3.5.2 Oil reduction rotating speed
A.7.2.3.5.2.1 Oil reduction rotating speed at full load r/min
A.7.2.3.5.2.2 Highest no-load rotating speed r/min
A.7.2.3.5.3 Idling speed3 r/min
A.7.2.3.6 Fuel injector
A.7.2.3.6.1 Manufacturer
A.7.2.3.6.2 Model
A.7.2.3.6.3 Opening pressure3 kPa or characteristic curve3
A.7.2.4 Auxiliary starting device
A.7.2.4.1 Manufacturer
A.7.2.4.2 Model
A.7.2.4.3 System description
A.7.2.5 Cold starting system
A.7.2.5.1 Manufacturer
A.7.2.5.2 Model
their corresponding valve phase diagrams (with dimensional drawing)
A.10 Ignition System
A.10.1 Ignition mode
A.10.2 Ignition advance curve3
A.10.3 Ignition timing (angle before top dead center)3
A.10.4 Breaker contact clearance1,3
A.10.5 Closing angle1,3
A.10.6 Sparking plug
A.10.6.1 Manufacturer
A.10.6.2 Model
A.10.6.3 Sparking plug adjustment clearance
A.10.7 Ignition coil
A.10.7.1 Manufacturer
A.10.7.2 Model
A.10.8 Ignition controller
A.10.8.1 Manufacturer
A.10.8.2 Model
A.10.9 Ignition distributor
A.10.9.1 Manufacturer
A.10.9.2 Model
A.11 Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
A.11.1 Manufacturer
A.11.2 Model
A.12 OBD System
A.12.1 Written description and (or) schematic diagram of MI
Appendix B
(normative)
Measurement Methods, Measuring Devices and Calculation Methods of Fuel
Consumption
B.1 Measurement Methods
B.1.1 The measurement methods of fuel consumption include: flow measurement
method, volumetric measurement method, weighing measurement method and carbon
balance measurement method.
B.1.2 If it can be proved that the test results are the same, it is also allowed to use
other test methods.
B.2 Measuring Devices
B.2.1 General rules
B.2.1.1 No matter which measurement method is used, the installation of the
measuring devices shall not interfere with or change the fuel supply of the vehicle’s
fuel supply system under any circumstances. In addition, it shall ensure that the various
performances of the engine would not be affected. The pressure-drop of the fuel supply
pipeline, the cross-sectional sizes and pipeline length shall be mainly considered here.
B.2.1.2 It shall be considered that the conditions specified in B.2.1.1 shall be satisfied:
a) If the flow measurement method is used, and if the pressure-drop through the
system is less than 100 Pa, the flowmeter shall be set in accordance with
Figure B.1.
b) The installation of the volumetric measurement method and the weighing
measurement method shall be carried out in accordance with Figure B.2 and
Figure B.3.
B.2.1.3 If it can be proved that the vehicle’s fuel supply system would not be affected,
it is allowed to use other installation methods.
B.2.1.4 In order to reduce the pressure loss in the fuel pipeline, it is recommended that:
Where,
p---pressure loss through the flowmeter, expressed in (Pa);
d1---previous diameter of fuel pipeline, expressed in (mm);
d2---diameter of fuel pipeline of measuring device, expressed in (mm);
d3---diameter of fuel pipeline of measuring device, expressed in (mm);
1---fuel inlet of spirit level;
2---outlet of fuel tank;
3---fuel outlet of spirit level;
4---fuel inlet of spirit level;
5---inlet of fuel tank;
6---air outlet pipe of spirit level.
Figure B.1 -- Flow Measurement Method
B.2.3 Volumetric measurement method
B.2.3.1 Volumetric measurement method is a method of measuring the volume of
consumed fuel by using a container with an already-known volume. This container
shall be either a “fixed” volumetric type or a “variable” volumetric type. “Fixed”
volumetric container merely allows the reading of fixed fuel flow, which depends on the
volume of the container itself or the marking on the container. “Variable” volumetric
container is a container with a scale mark, which allows the reading of variable fuel
flow.
B.2.3.2 Figure B.2 is a schematic diagram of the measurement system of the
volumetric measurement method.
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