GB 14883.1-2016_English: PDF (GB14883.1-2016)
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National Food Safety Standard -- General rules for the examination of radioactive substances in foods
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GB 14883.1-2016
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Standards related to: GB 14883.1-2016
| Standard ID | GB 14883.1-2016 (GB14883.1-2016) | | Description (Translated English) | National Food Safety Standard -- General rules for the examination of radioactive substances in foods | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C53 | | Classification of International Standard | 67.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 7,729 | | Date of Issue | 2016-08-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 14883.1-1994 | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of the State Administration of Public Health and Family Planning 2016 No.11 | GB 14883.1-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National food safety standard
General rules for the examination of radioactive
substances in foods
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 31, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 01, 2017
Issued by. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically &
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Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Terms and definitions ... 4
3 Sampling ... 4
4 Pretreatment ... 5
5 General requirements and instructions for test methods ... 7
6 Test results data processing ... 8
7 Quality control methods ... 9
8 Safety requirements ... 10
9 Test results report ... 10
Appendix A Average ash/fresh ratio and edible part requirements of food ... 11
Foreword
This standard replaces GB 14883.1-1994 “General rules for the examination of
radioactive substances in foods”.
As compared with GB 14883.1-1994, the main changes of this standard are as
follows.
- CHANGE the standard name into “National food safety standard - General
rules for the examination of radioactive substances in foods”;
- ADJUST the text in accordance with the format of the national food safety
standard;
- ADD 3 chapters. “Terms and definitions”, “Safety requirements”, and
“Report of test results”;
- SORT and ADJUST the general requirements and instructions for
sampling, pretreatment, inspection methods, and the contents of the
chapters on quality control methods.
National food safety standard
General rules for the examination of radioactive
substances in foods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the common requirements for sampling, pretreatment
and test result reports as stated in determination method criteria of each part in
GB 14883 (unless otherwise specifically stated).
This standard applies to the determination method criteria of each part in GB
14883.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Radionuclides
It refers to the nuclides having radioactivity. In accordance with its source, it
can be divided into two categories. natural radionuclides and artificial
radionuclides. The common forms of decay of radionuclides are alpha decay,
beta decay and gamma decay.
2.2 Carrier
It refers to a substance that can carry a certain trace substance together to
participate in a chemical or physical process. The amount of the radionuclides
for the radiochemical operation is often very small, so it is difficult to separate
or transfer it using the common amount substance treatment method. However,
the use of the stable isotope which is same as the radionuclides in chemical
properties OR the substance which is similar to the radionuclides in chemical
properties as the carrier to make the both jointly participate in the entire
treatment process, can effectively settle this problem.
3 Sampling
3.1 General sampling shall follow the sampling requirements as specified in
GB/T 5009.1.
3.2 The amount of the sample required for the test may be determined in
accordance with the sample amount as required by the test method used OR
the dust ratio between the dust consumption by the sample and this food. The
sampling amount shall be not less than 3 times the sample amount as required
for the test, AND the sample is divided into 3 equivalent parts after being mixed
uniformly, one part for test, AND the other two parts for re-test, reference or
arbitration.
4.6.3 It shall strictly control the temperature during the ashing process (it may
use quartz thermometer or calibrated automatic temperature controller for
controlling), so as to avoid the loss of radionuclides or sample sintering.
4.6.4 For rice and other foods which are difficult to be ashed, it may take it out
at the final stage of ashing, cool it down, AND add appropriate amount of nitric
acid, hydrogen peroxide or sodium nitrite and other ashing agent to speed up
the ashing rate; after being evaporated in the electric furnace, it shall be ashed
continuously in the muffle furnace, BUT it shall also pay attention to the impact
of the ashing agent onto the measurement result; if necessary, it can make
corrections OR treat the rice after being boiled and swelled or the bean after
being soaked and pulped, which can apparently speed up the ashing rate.
4.6.5 The carrier elements and the tracer radioisotopes shall be added into the
sample before ashing.
4.6.6 The ashed food ash shall be placed in the drier to cool it to room
temperature, weighed, AND calculated of the ash/fresh ratio.
4.6.7 The food ash is placed in the porcelain evaporate dish, ground fine by
millet pestle or glass rod, mixed uniformly, passed through the 180 µm sieve,
dried at 110 °C, AND stored in the drier or grinding bottle to prepare for use.
4.7 Special requirements for sample pretreatment
Special requirements for pretreatment in certain radionuclide testing will be
specified in the corresponding standards.
5 General requirements and instructions for test
methods
5.1 If there are two or more test methods for the same test item, such methods
can be selected based on actual conditions, BUT the first method will be used
as an arbitration method, which shall be selected for the arbitration test.
5.2 When determining the measurement efficiency or chemical recovery rate, it
shall use a certified standard solution or standard reference substance for
preparation in accordance with standard method.
5.3 During the test, the chemical method shall be performed on a parallel
sample, AND the γ spectrum and other physical methods shall be performed
on parallel samples as practical as possible.
5.4 The water used for the inspection and analysis method shall, unless
otherwise specified, refer to the distilled water or deionized water the purity of
which complies with the general analysis requirements (generally it shall reach
the level I water requirements of GB/T 6682).
8 Safety requirements
8.1 The test personnel shall operate in strict accordance with the analytical
procedures specified in each standard method. For toxic, harmful or potentially
hazardous reagents or materials, it shall operate strictly in accordance with the
precautions of the reagents or materials, AND do well in personal safety
protection.
8.2 In the case of unsafe factors such as poisoning, explosion, corrosion,
burns, etc., during the test process, the laboratory shall establish
corresponding contingency plans AND take special protective measures.
8.3 The taking, placement, application, and use of the radioactive standard
solution shall have appropriate shielding protection.
8.4 After the end of the test operation, it shall conduct the field surface
radioactive contamination monitoring; if the monitored results exceed the
surface contamination control level as specified in GB 18871, it shall perform
decontamination in time until it complies with requirements.
8.5 Before personnel and items leave from the laboratory, the personnel
surface and item shall be subjected to radioactive pollution monitoring; if the
monitored results exceed the surface contamination control level as specified
in GB 18871, it shall perform decontamination in time until it complies with
requirements.
8.6 General management of radioactive waste shall comply with the provisions
of GB 18871 and GB 14500.
8.7 The storage and custody of radioactive standard solutions shall comply
with the requirements of WS 457.
9 Test results report
9.1 As for the test results, it shall report the arithmetic mean of the measured
values of the parallel samples, AND report the number of digits or the effective
digits after the decimal point of the calculation result. The number of effective
digits shall comply with the requirements of GB 14882, AND the rounding off of
the values shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 8170.
9.2 The units of the test results shall be in the legal unit of measurement AND
shall be in accordance with the corresponding units in GB 14882.
9.3 For the test results below the detection limit, it is reported as “less than the
detection limit”, AND meanwhile provide the detection limit (the calculation of
the detection limit can be found in GB/T 5009.1 or GB 14883).
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