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DL/T 2001-2019: Guide for converter transformer on-site no-load test, load test and temperature rise test
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Guide for converter transformer on-site no-load test, load test and temperature rise test
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Basic data | Standard ID | DL/T 2001-2019 (DL/T2001-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Guide for converter transformer on-site no-load test, load test and temperature rise test | | Sector / Industry | Electricity & Power Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K41 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.180 | | Word Count Estimation | 21,212 | | Date of Issue | 2019-06-04 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | Natural Resources Department Announcement No. 7 of 2019 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Energy Administration | | Summary | This standard specifies the method, test equipment, and test result judgment basis for on-site no-load, load and temperature rise tests of oil-immersed converter transformers for HVDC transmission. This standard is applicable to on-site no-load, load and temperature rise tests of single-phase two-winding converter transformers for high-voltage direct current transmission with voltage levels of ��800 kV and below. Single-phase three-winding converter transformers and ��1100 kV converter transformers can be implemented by reference. | DL/T 2001-2019: Guide for converter transformer on-site no-load test, load test and temperature rise test
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Guide for converter transformer on-site no-load test, load test and temperature rise test
ICS 29.180
K 41
Record number. 63143-2018
People's Republic of China Electric Power Industry Standard
No-load on-site converter transformer,
Load and temperature rise test guide
2019-06-04 released
2019-10-01 implementation
Issued by National Energy Administration
Table of contents
Foreword...II
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...2
4 Symbols and names...2
5 General...2
6 No-load test...3
7 Load test...6
8 Temperature rise test...8
Appendix A (informative appendix) Judgment of residual magnetism and demagnetization method...10
Appendix B (informative appendix) Selection of high voltage filter compensation device for no-load test...11
Appendix C (informative appendix) Typical design of compensation capacitor tower for field load test...13
Appendix D (informative appendix) Basic format of no-load, load and temperature rise test report of converter transformer...14
Foreword
This standard is compiled in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Standard Structure and Compilation".
This standard was proposed by the China Electricity Council.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National High Voltage Test Standardization Sub-Technical Committee (DL/T C 02).
Drafting organizations of this standard. State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., State Grid
Henan Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Electric Power Industry Electrical Equipment Quality Inspection and Testing Center, China Southern Power Grid EHV Transmission Company,
State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid Research Institute Co., Ltd., ABB Chongqing Transformer Co., Ltd.,
TBEA Xinjiang Transformer Factory, Baoding Tianwei Baobian Electric Co., Ltd., Xi'an Xidian Transformer Co., Ltd.,
Datang Hunchun Power Plant, Suzhou Huadian Electric Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Zhou Kai, Wang Tao, Guo Huihao, Zhang Shuzhen, Wang Wei, Wang Qi, Wu Heng, Li Xiaoxia, Lei Yuan
Yuan, Zheng Hanbo, Wu Qiuping, Yao Hongyang, Dong Yanchao, Shen Hong, Qu Guanghui, Liu Xiaozhuang.
The opinions or suggestions during the implementation of this standard are fed back to the Standardization Management Center of China Electricity Council (No. 2 Baiguang Road, Beijing)
One, 100761).
Guidelines for on-site no-load, load and temperature rise tests of converter transformers
1 Scope
This standard specifies that oil-immersed converter transformers (hereinafter referred to as converter transformers) for high-voltage direct current transmission shall be used for on-site no-load, load and temperature rise tests
Test methods, test equipment, and test results judgment basis.
This standard is applicable to the on-site no-load, load and temperature rise tests of single-phase two-winding converter transformers for high voltage DC transmission with voltage levels of ±800kV and below
Test.
Single-phase three-winding commutation transformer and ±1100kV commutation transformer can be implemented by reference.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this standard
quasi. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB 1094.1-2013 Power Transformer Part 1.General Rules
GB 1094.2-2013 Power Transformer Part 2.Temperature Rise of Liquid-immersed Transformer
GB 1094.3 Power Transformer Part 3.Insulation level, insulation test and external insulation air gap
GB/T 2900.95-2015 Electrotechnical terminology transformers, voltage regulators and reactors
GB/T 7252 Guidelines for Analysis and Judgment of Dissolved Gases in Transformer Oil
GB/T 16927.1 High Voltage Test Technology Part 1.General Definition and Test Requirements
GB/T 16927.3 High Voltage Test Technology Part 3.Definition and Requirements of Field Test
GB/T 18494.2-2007 Converter Transformer Part 2.Converter Transformer for HVDC Transmission
JB/T 501-2006 Test Guidelines for Power Transformers
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.95-2015, GB 1094.1-2013 and GB 1094.2-2013 apply to this standard
quasi. For ease of use, some terms and definitions are repeated below.
3.1
No-load loss
When the rated voltage (tap voltage) at the rated frequency is applied to the terminals of one winding and the other windings are open, the active power absorbed
power.
[GB 1094.1-2013, definition 3.6.1]
3.2
No-load current
When the rated voltage (tap voltage) at the rated frequency is applied to the terminal of one winding, when the other windings are open, it flows through the winding wire
The root mean square value of the current at the circuit terminal.
[GB 1094.1-2013, definition 3.6.2]
3.3
Load loss
In a pair of windings, when the rated current (tap current) flows through the line terminals of one winding and the other winding is short-circuited, the
At this time, the other windings (if any) should be opened.
[GB 1094.1-2013, definition 3.6.3]
3.4
Total loss
The sum of no-load loss and load loss.
[GB 1094.1-2013, definition 3.6.4]
3.5
Short circuit impedance
At rated frequency and reference temperature, the equivalent series impedance between a winding terminal in a pair of windings determines this
When the value is set, the terminal of the other winding is short-circuited, and the other winding (if any) is open.
[GB 1094.1-2013, definition 3.7.1]
3.6
Temperature rise
The difference between the temperature of the component (location) under consideration (for example. the average temperature of the winding) and the temperature of the external cooling medium.
[GB 1094.2-2013, definition 3.3]
4 Symbols and names
The symbols and names of various variables in this standard are as follows.
I1 ---- Rated current (A);
f1 ---- Rated frequency, namely the fundamental frequency (Hz);
U ---- RMS voltmeter reading during no-load test (kV);
U'---- Average voltmeter reading during no-load test (kV);
d ---- Waveform correction factor;
S ---- Regulating power supply capacity (kW);
I0 ---- No-load current of the converter transformer (%);
Sn ---- The rated capacity of the converter transformer (kVA).
IX ---- Load loss test current under frequency fX (A);
ILN ---- The root mean square value of the load current when the winding under consideration is running (A);
Ih ----h harmonic current (A);
Ieq ---- The root mean square value of the load current sine current equivalent to the load loss of the winding in operation (A);
h ---- harmonic order;
Ur ---- Rated phase voltage on the side of converter transformer valve (kV);
P1 ---- Total load loss under fundamental frequency (kW);
PWE1 ---- Winding eddy current loss at fundamental frequency (kW);
PSE1 ---- The stray loss (kW) of structural parts (excluding windings) at the fundamental frequency;
PN ---- total operating load loss (kW);
fh ---- frequency of h harmonic (Hz);
FWE ---- additional coefficient of eddy current loss in winding;
FSE ---- additional coefficient of stray loss of structural parts;
kh ---- The ratio of current Ih to rated current I1;
R ---- winding DC resistance (Ω) including internal lead;
Pkt ---- load loss under rated current (kW);
Ukt ---- short-circuit voltage at rated current (kV);
Pkt' ---- reduce the load loss measured under current (kW);
Ukt' ---- Reduce the short-circuit voltage (kV) measured under current;
5 General
5.1 Test purpose
The purpose of conducting no-load test, load test or temperature rise test on the converter transformer site is as follows.
a) By measuring the no-load loss and no-load current under the rated voltage, verify whether these two indicators are in accordance with the national standard or product technical agreement.
Check and diagnose the defects in the commutator transformer magnetic circuit within the allowable range of the discussion.
b) By measuring short-circuit impedance and load loss, verify whether these two indicators are in the national standard or product technical agreement, and at the same time
In order to find the defects of the winding and magnetic leakage circuit structure through the experiment.
c) The commutation variable temperature rise test is to determine the top oil temperature rise and the average temperature rise of the windings to verify the maximum
Whether the total loss and the equilibrium temperature of the cooling device meet the requirements of relevant standards.
5.2 Necessity
In the following situations, no-load test, load test or temperature rise test shall be carried out on site.
a) The converter transformer assembled on site (the temperature rise test can be carried out if conditions permit).
b) Converter transformer repaired on site (such as replacing or repairing the core and suspecting that the transformer magnetic circuit is defective, the no-load test can be carried out; replacement
Or to repair windings and to carry out a load test when there is a suspected defect in the magnetic leakage circuit; when it is suspected to have an overheating defect in the converter transformer, it can be carried out
Temperature rise test).
c) When necessary.
6 No-load test
6.1 Test method
6.1.1 No-load test requirements for converter transformer and test site
Before the no-load test, the converter transformer and the test site shall meet the following requirements.
a) The oil temperature of the converter transformer should be 5℃~40℃.
b) Conventional tests such as conversion ratio and polarity measurement, DC resistance measurement, insulation characteristic measurement, insulating oil test, etc. before no-load test
qualified.
c) The converter transformer tank, iron core, clamps and surrounding conductors should be reliably grounded.
d) After the oil has been fully allowed to stand, the standing time shall be as required by the manufacturer. When the manufacturer has no regulations, the ±800kV voltage converter transformer must be static
The converter transformer with voltage level below ±800kV must be allowed to stand for more than 72h if it is set for more than 96h.
e) Demagnetization should be performed before the test to eliminate the influence of residual magnetism on the no-load test.
Note. Refer to Appendix A for the demagnetization method and judgment method of core remanence.
6.1.2 Test wiring
The schematic diagram of the no-load test wiring of the converter transformer is shown in Figure 1.The pressure side of the tested converter transformer should be the valve side, and the on-site no-load test has symmetrical pressure
And asymmetric pressure. The commutation transformer whose valve side winding is D connection mode should adopt symmetrical pressurization mode, as shown in Figure 1a);
Converter transformers with Y-connection windings should adopt asymmetrical pressurization, as shown in Figure 1b).
a) Symmetrical pressure connection
b) Asymmetrical pressure connection
6.1.3 Voltage applied for no-load test
The voltage applied in the no-load test shall meet the following requirements.
a) When the no-load test is carried out according to the factory test standard, it should be 0.5Ur, 0.6Ur, 0.7Ur, 0.8Ur, 0.9Ur, 0.95Ur, 1.0Ur,
Measure no-load current and no-load loss at voltages of 1.05Ur, 1.1Ur and 1.15Ur. The actual applied voltage and the specified measurement point can be
There is a deviation, but the deviation should not exceed 1%.
Note. For the converter transformer repaired on site, the no-load test voltage and pressurization procedure should be determined by the manufacturer through consultation with the user.
b) When measuring the no-load loss under rated voltage, ensure that the total harmonic content of the voltage waveform THDu is not more than 5%. If THDu is greater than
5%, the validity of the test should be confirmed in accordance with the agreement.
c) In the no-load test, a RMS voltmeter should be used in parallel with the average voltmeter. The test voltage is subject to the average voltmeter reading
(The scale of the voltmeter has the root mean square value of the sine wave with the same average value).
d) If the absolute value of the waveform correction factor d is within 3%, the test voltage waveform meets the requirements. If the absolute value of d is greater than 3%,
The validity of the test data should be confirmed in accordance with the agreement.
e) The test frequency should be 50 ± 0.5 Hz.
f) No-load loss P0 should be corrected according to formula (1).
6.2 Test equipment
6.2.1 Regulated power supply
The regulated power supply should meet the following requirements.
a) The voltage regulating power supply should have the ability to work stably for a long time.
b) High-power variable-frequency voltage-regulating power supply should be adopted as the voltage-regulating power supply for no-load test on site.
c) When using high-voltage and high-power variable-frequency voltage-regulating power supply as the voltage-regulating power supply for no-load test, it is advisable to connect a Γ-type filter to the output end of the power supply
Device.
d) The output frequency should cover 50Hz.
e) The capacity of the voltage regulating power supply should be large enough, and the power supply impedance should be small enough to ensure that the total harmonic content of the no-load current is not more than 100%
When the power supply output voltage waveform total distortion rate does not exceed 5%. The capacity of the voltage regulating power supply should not be less than 10% of the no-load capacity of the converter transformer
Times, can be calculated by formula (2).
6.2.2 Test transformer
The test transformer shall meet the following requirements.
a) The capacity of the test transformer should match the capacity of the regulating power supply. The low-voltage side voltage should match the rated output voltage of the regulating power supply.
The side should match the voltage of the valve side winding of the converter transformer.
b) The parameters of each model of the two test transformers used for the no-load test of the D-connected converter transformer symmetrical pressurized connection method should be consistent, any of which
One should be able to be used for no-load test of Y-connected converter transformer. The voltage on the high-voltage side of the test transformer should be 1.2Ur.
c) The rated output current of the high-voltage side of the test transformer should not be less than the no-load current under the 1.15Ur voltage of the tested converter transformer.
d) The short-circuit impedance of the test transformer should not be greater than 5%.
6.2.3 Filter compensation device
The equipment selection and use of the filter compensation device should meet the following requirements.
a) When the harmonic content of no-load current exceeds 100%, and the capacity of the voltage regulating power supply or step-up transformer is limited, the voltage waveform correction cannot be guaranteed.
If the correction factor is within ±3%, a filter compensation device should be considered.
b) The filter compensation device is a passive filter composed of a fixed capacitor and an adjustable inductance in series, and its resonance frequency is 3 times, 5 times, etc.
For odd harmonic frequencies, 3 and 5 filters should be used at the same time. If necessary, odd harmonic filters of 7 and above can be considered.
The connection method with the test circuit is shown in Figure 1.
c) When installing a harmonic filter, monitor the current on the low-voltage side or high-voltage side of the step-up transformer. Additional current transformer and measurement
The accuracy and frequency range of the instrument shall meet the requirements of 6.2.4.
d) The capacitance and inductance rated voltage, rated current, operating frequency, inductance adjustment range and other parameters in the filter compensation device can be selected
Refer to Appendix B.
6.2.4 Transformers and meters for measurement
Measuring transformers and meters should meet the following requirements.
a) No-load test should use current and voltage transformers of not less than 0.02.
b) The power analyzer should be used for measurement.
c) The accuracy of power analyzers and other instruments used in the no-load test shall not be lower than 0.1 level. Power measurement should use power factor not greater than 0.01
Low power factor power meter.
d) The measuring instrument should be within the calibration period.
6.3 Judgment basis for no-load test results
The results of the no-load test are determined based on the following.
a) The no-load loss value and no-load current meet the contract requirements, otherwise the manufacturer and the user should negotiate and resolve.
b) A chromatographic analysis of dissolved gas in oil should be performed before and after the no-load test. The chromatographic analysis results meet the requirements of GB/T 7252.
There is no obvious change before and after the test.
Note. For the converter transformer repaired on site, the no-load loss value is determined by the manufacturer and the user through negotiation.
7 Load test
7.1 Test method
7.1.1 Requirements of load test on converter transformer and test site
Before the load test, the converter transformer and the test site shall meet the following requirements.
a) The oil temperature of the converter transformer should be 5℃~40℃.
b) Before the load test, the conversion ratio and polarity measurement, DC resistance measurement, insulation characteristic measurement, insulating oil test and other conventional tests
qualified.
c) The converter transformer tank, iron core and clamps should be reliably grounded.
d) If the load test needs to be carried out for a long time, first check whether the cooling conditions of the converter transformer meet the test requirements.
7.1.2 Test wiring
In the load test, current should be applied to the wire end of the grid-side winding of the converter transformer, and the valve-side winding should be short-circuited and grounded. On the high-voltage side of the test transformer,
Reactive power compensation capacitors of appropriate capacity should be connected in parallel. The test wiring diagram is shown in Figure 2.
7.1.3 Matters needing attention
In order to reduce the measurement error, the following items should be paid attention to in the load test.
a) The test leads and short-circuit connecting wires should consider the wire diameter according to the rated conditions, and should not be too small. For copper wires, the current density is recommended
2A/mm2~3A/mm2.
b) The two leads of the voltage transformer to measure voltage should be directly led out from the two wire ends of the grid-side winding with insulated wires, and should not be connected nearby
Connect to the end of the reactive power compensation capacitor.
c) The load loss measurement should be carried out on the main tap and the two limit taps respectively, and the short-circuit impedance should be tested.
d) In order to avoid the heating of the windings causing obvious errors in the test results, the test and measurement should be carried out quickly; meanwhile, the average value of the test should be recorded accurately.
Oil temperature.
e) The power measured in the test wiring includes meter loss and line loss. When they are not negligible, they should be taken from the measured loss
minus.
7.2 Test equipment
The load test equipment should meet the following requirements.
a) The transformers and measuring instruments used in the load test should be shared with the no-load test.
b) The capacity of the voltage regulating power supply used in the load test and the capacity of the test transformer should not be less than 2% of the load loss of the tested converter transformer.
Times.
c) The output frequency of the voltage-regulating power supply in the load test should be able to cover 50Hz and another frequency not less than 150Hz (should be.200Hz).
d) The compensation capacitor bank should adopt a movable and fast-installed capacitor tower, which is convenient for transportation and disassembly. It can be obtained by changing the wiring method.
Get the required test parameters. Refer to Appendix B for the typical design of compensation capacitor tower.
7.3 Load test under non-rated conditions
7.4 Load loss during operation
7.4.1 In order to estimate the loss of the converter transformer under operating conditions, two loss measurements are required, one is at the rated frequency and the other is
One time is performed at a certain frequency not lower than 150Hz. Then calculate according to the measurement results, and calculate the additional loss of the inner and outer windings.
Distribution value and calculation of load loss during operation.
7.4.2 The loss measurement method is in accordance with the provisions in GB 1094.1, so that the current value under the rated frequency is equal to the rated current value, and the
The current value is 10% to 50% of the rated current value.
7.4.3 The load losses P1 and PX are measured at two different frequencies f1 and fX and their corresponding currents. Equations (5) and (6) can be used to compare the two
The additional loss component is estimated.
7.4.4 Calculate the load loss value in actual operation according to the harmonic spectrum of the given load current. The harmonic spectrum should be provided by the user.
According to the given harmonic spectrum, the load loss during operation can be calculated as follows.
7.5 Judgment basis for load test results
7.5.1 The short-circuit impedance and load loss should be converted to a reference temperature of 80℃, and the conversion method should be in accordance with JB/T 501-2006 clause 14.4 and 14.6
The provisions of the article.
7.5.2 The qualification basis for the load test is as follows.
a) The calculated load loss value during operation is used as a guaranteed value for loss evaluation.
b) The guaranteed value of short-circuit impedance and load loss during operation should meet the standard or contract requirements, otherwise the manufacturer and the user should negotiate
Decided.
c) A chromatographic analysis of dissolved gas in oil should be performed before and after the load test. The results of the chromatographic analysis meet the requirements of GB/T 7252.
There is no obvious change before and after the test.
Note. The load loss value and short-circuit impedance value of the converter transformer repaired on site should be negotiated and determined by the manufacturer and the user.
8 Temperature rise test
8.1 Requirements of temperature rise test for converter transformer and test site
Before the temperature rise test, the converter transformer and the test site shall meet the following requirements.
a) The temperature rise test should be done indoors, and the test site should be clean and spacious, and there should be no walls, heat sources and external sources within 3m around the sample
Radiation and other interference.
b) The conversion ratio and polarity measurement, DC resistance measurement, insulation characteristic measurement, insulating oil test and other routine tests are qualified; and
Complete the measurement of no-load loss, load loss and harmonic loss.
c) During the temperature rise test, the cooling device of the converter transformer should be installed well, and the oil tank, iron core, and clamps should be reliably grounded.
8.2 Test method
8.2.1 The temperature rise test adopts the short circuit method. The test wiring method is the same as the load test wiring method. The wiring diagram is shown in Figure 2.
8.2.2 For commutation transformers, after determining (through calculations and tests) the performance of the oil, windings and other metal structures in the transformer operating state
When temperature, the influence of harmonics should be considered.
8.2.3 The test procedure of commutation variable temperature rise shall be modified as follows in GB 1094.2.
a) It should be based on the maximum total loss (including no-load loss, load loss during operation, DC bias loss and
Noise reduction loss) to determine the top oil temperature rise under steady-state conditions. If the test equipment is restricted, the applied loss can be reduced
To not less than 80% of the specified value, and at the end of the test, the temperature rise determined in this test should be corrected.
b) After the top oil temperature rise is determined, continue the test wi...
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