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DL/T 1968-2019: Guide of operation and maintenance for wet cooling tower in thermal power plant
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Guide of operation and maintenance for wet cooling tower in thermal power plant
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DL/T 1968-2019
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Basic data | Standard ID | DL/T 1968-2019 (DL/T1968-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Guide of operation and maintenance for wet cooling tower in thermal power plant | | Sector / Industry | Electricity & Power Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F23 | | Classification of International Standard | 27.100 | | Word Count Estimation | 7,788 | | Date of Issue | 2019-06-04 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 50050; GB/T 50392; DL/T 742; DL/T 933; DL/T 1027; DL/T 5525 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Energy Administration | | Summary | This standard specifies the general principles and requirements for the operation and maintenance of wet cooling towers in thermal power plants, as well as cooling tower testing and component renewal. This standard applies to wet cooling towers, and dry-wet cooling towers can be used for reference. Not suitable for dry cooling towers and fluid cooling towers. | DL/T 1968-2019: Guide of operation and maintenance for wet cooling tower in thermal power plant---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Guide of operation and maintenance for wet cooling tower in thermal power plant
ICS 27.100
F 23
People's Republic of China Electric Power Industry Standard
Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Wet Cooling Towers in Thermal Power Plants
Refractory materials for boilers in thermal power plants
2019-06-04 released
2019-10-01 implementation
Issued by National Energy Administration
Table of contents
Foreword...II
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Operation and maintenance...1
4 Cooling tower test...2
5 Cooling tower transformation...3
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Standard Structure and Compilation".
Please note that certain contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document is not responsible for identifying these patents.
This standard was proposed by the China Electricity Council.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Power Plant Steam Turbine Standardization Technical Committee.
Drafting organizations of this standard. Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Changzhou Jintan Plastic Factory, Xi'an Xire Energy Saving Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Wang Mingyong, Jia Mingxiao, Hu Sanji, Han Li, Deng Jia, Yu Bin, Jiang Xiaorong, Li Luozhong.
This standard is issued for the first time.
The opinions or suggestions during the implementation of this standard are fed back to the Standardization Management Center of China Electricity Council (No. 2 Baiguang Road, Beijing)
No. 1, Zip Code 100761).
Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Wet Cooling Towers in Thermal Power Plants
1 Scope
This standard specifies the general principles and requirements for the operation and maintenance of wet cooling towers in thermal power plants, as well as cooling tower tests and component updates.
This standard applies to wet cooling towers, dry-wet cooling towers can be used as reference. Not applicable to dry cooling towers and closed cooling towers.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this document.
For undated documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 50050 Design Code for Industrial Circulating Cooling Water Treatment
GB/T 50392 Technical Design Specification for Mechanical Ventilation Cooling Tower
DL/T 742 Quality Standard for Plastic Parts of Wet Cooling Tower Core
DL/T 933 Cooling tower water spray filler, water remover, spray device performance test method
DL/T 1027 Test Procedure for Industrial Cooling Tower
DL/T 5525 Cooling tower core components selection design guide
3 Operation and maintenance
3.1 General requirements
3.1.1 When the cooling tower is running in summer, it should reach the design cooling capacity.
3.1.2 When the cooling tower is operating in winter, measures should be taken to prevent ice load from causing damage to the tower core components.
3.1.3 For cooling towers equipped with anti-fogging devices, the anti-fogging devices should be put into operation during the anti-fogging period.
3.2 Cooling tower operation
3.2.1 Determine the economical and reasonable operation mode of the cooling tower based on the unit load, external weather conditions and equipment status.
3.2.2 When the cooling tower water supply system adopts the expansion unit system and the main control, it should be reasonably adjusted and distributed to each cooling tower according to the actual performance of the cooling tower
The amount of water in the cooling tower will make the water temperature of the mixed tower reach the lowest value after cooling.
3.2.3 For cooling towers with trough water distribution, the cooling water should overflow the trough.
3.2.4 When the cooling tower is operating in summer, there should be no water spray area.
3.2.5 When the dry-wet cooling tower is operating in summer, the dry section system shall be closed and the wet section shall operate independently.
3.2.6 For mist-eliminating and water-saving cooling towers without dry section, the cold air inlet door should be closed in summer and the cold zone partition should be opened.
3.2.7 For cooling towers equipped with antifreeze plates, as the ambient temperature rises, the antifreeze plates should be removed in time. Fixed and adjustable antifreeze device, should
Keep the opening of the antifreeze plate at the most favorable ventilation position to reduce the ventilation resistance of the cooling tower.
3.2.8 When the mechanical ventilation cooling tower is running in summer, the angle of the fan blades or the power of the variable frequency motor should be adjusted to make the air volume reach the design value.
3.2.9 The mechanical ventilation cooling tower shall regularly check the operation status of the fan and motor, and measure the oil level, oil temperature and vibration of the bearing oil tank in time.
When the oil level is lower than the design value, lubricating oil should be added; when the oil temperature is higher than the specified value, the fan should be shut down and the reason should be analyzed. The vibration exceeds the design safety
It should be shut down and handled in time.
3.2.10 Monitor the water level of the cooling tower sump in real time. When the water level is lower than the design value, water should be added in time.
3.2.11 Clean the filter screen of the cooling tower regularly, and the water level difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter should not be greater than the specified value.
3.2.12 Develop an economical and reasonable sewage plan, measure the water quality changes of the cooling tower, and maintain the normal operation of the sewage system.
3.2.13 The quality of circulating water should comply with the relevant regulations of the GB/T 50050 standard.
3.2.14 If the ambient air temperature is lower than 0℃, the cooling tower should not be subjected to trial operation without heat load.
3.2.15 When the ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, which affects the safe operation of the cooling tower, antifreeze measures such as hanging antifreeze plates and putting antifreeze pipes into operation should be taken.
3.2.16 When cooling towers with zonal water distribution are operating in winter, the inner water distribution gate should be closed and the outer water distribution operation should be implemented.
3.2.17 When the icing in the cooling tower is severe, the circulating water should be gradually increased to quantify the ice.
3.2.18 The deicing of mechanical ventilation cooling tower may adopt the operation mode of fan reverse.
3.2.19 When a cooling tower with a siphon water distribution device is equipped with a small water volume, the whole tower should be operated according to the designed full load water volume first, and the whole tower should form a siphon.
After the water is distributed, the water supply of part of the circulating water pump can be stopped.
3.3 Cooling tower maintenance
3.3.1 Pay attention to maintaining the ventilation conditions and environmental sanitation around the cooling tower. There should be no influence on the ventilation of the cooling tower within 15m around the cooling tower body
obstacle. The height of the ground around the cooling tower should be 20cm lower than the cooling tower collecting basin to prevent debris from entering the collecting basin.
3.3.2 Keep the filter screen of the backwater ditch intact and clean. The filter screen should be cleaned up in time, and the heavily rusted filter screen should be replaced in time.
3.3.3 During the overhaul, check the missing and damaged cover plates of the circulating ditch, shaft and main water tank. The missing and damaged cover plates should be filled in.
The cover of the position should be reset.
3.3.4 During the overhaul period, the main water tank gate, water inlet manifold valve and sewage system valve in the tower should be maintained to keep it open and closed.
flexible.
3.3.5 Regularly maintain the cleaning machine, rotating filter and other mechanical equipment according to the equipment manual.
3.3.6 Check and clean up the dirt and debris in the cooling tower water distribution pipe and water distribution tank every six months. Check the damage of the water distribution pipe and the water distribution tank and
Time to fix.
3.3.7 Check the deformation, damage and displacement of the eliminator during shutdown and maintenance. The deformed and damaged eliminator should be replaced in time.
The eliminator should be reset.
3.3.8 For the natural ventilation cooling tower with "smoke tower in one", the soot accumulated on the surface of the eliminator should be removed in time.
3.3.9 Observe the splashing condition of the splashing device during daily operation inspection, and the damaged splashing device should be replaced in time. Water flow and splashing saucer (ring)
Misaligned splash devices should be adjusted in time.
3.3.10 Check the damage and blockage of the sprinkling filler before the high temperature season. The damaged or blocked sprinkler should be replaced in time. Replace plastic
The water-sprinkling filler should be covered with a flat plate, and it is strictly forbidden to step on the water-sprinkler directly. When replacing the ceiling-mounted sprinkling filler, safety measures to prevent falling should be taken.
3.3.11 For cooling towers equipped with a siphon water distribution device, when the siphon water distribution device cannot be formed, the tightness of the siphon device should be checked and updated in time.
The sealing material can be replaced, and an air extraction device can also be installed to form a siphon water distribution.
3.3.12 The fan blades of mechanical ventilation cooling towers should be inspected regularly, and defective blades should be replaced in time.
3.3.13 For cooling towers equipped with high-position water collection devices, the damage of splash guards and water collection tanks should be inspected quarterly, and damaged splash guards should be timely
Replace and repair the leaking part of the sink in time.
3.3.14 In summer, check the moss and derivatives on the inner wall of the cooling tower and remove them in time.
3.3.15 During the overhaul, check the corrosion of the inner wall of the cooling tower and conduct waterproof and anti-corrosion treatment.
3.3.16 Before the advent of winter, the cooling tower equipped with antifreeze facilities should check the antifreeze plate, antifreeze device and deicing nozzle to prevent damage.
Frozen parts should be repaired and replaced.
3.3.17 Before the advent of winter, dry-wet cooling towers should clean the surface of the heat exchanger and the inside of the heat exchange tubes in the dry section.
3.3.18 Dry-wet cooling towers should check the opening and closing flexibility of the air inlet shutters in the dry section before the advent of winter. If there is a jam, it should be timely
exclude.
3.3.19 Before the advent of winter, the anti-fogging water-saving cooling tower without dry section device should ensure the tightness of the two-way channel of cold and hot fluid of the anti-fog module.
Check, the module with poor tightness should be replaced in time.
3.3.20 When the noise of the cooling tower does not meet the environmental protection requirements, noise reduction measures shall be taken.
4 Cooling tower test
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The thermal test shall be carried out before and after the cooling tower overhaul.
4.1.2 The thermal test should be carried out in the summer when the weather conditions are close to the design or during the day when the temperature is higher.
4.1.3 During the thermal test of the cooling tower, the test heat load shall not be less than 80% of the design heat load of the cooling tower.
4.1.4 The cooling tower thermal test should not be carried out in rainy weather.
4.1.5 During the test of natural ventilation cooling tower, the average ambient wind speed should not exceed 3m/s, and during the test of mechanical ventilation cooling tower, the average ambient wind speed should not
More than 4.5m/s.
4.1.6 During the thermal test of the cooling tower, the test can be carried out after the measured parameters are stable. When the test continues at each operating point of the natural draft cooling tower
The time should not be less than 1h; the mechanical ventilation cooling tower should not be less than 0.5h.
4.2 Acceptance test of cooling tower
4.2.1 The cooling tower acceptance test is to appraise the performance of the newly built or technically modified cooling tower. Test to verify the thermal power of the cooling tower
Whether the performance meets the design or modification requirements, determine the achievable cooling capacity of the cooling tower based on the actual measurement results.
4.2.2 Measurement items of cooling tower acceptance test.
a) Environmental parameters. ambient dry bulb temperature, ambient wet bulb temperature, atmospheric pressure, ambient wind speed, wind direction;
b) The temperature of the dry bulb entering the tower;
c) The wet bulb temperature of entering the tower;
d) Cooling water flow;
e) The temperature of the water entering the tower;
f) The temperature of the water from the tower;
g) The temperature of the air leaving the tower;
h) The air volume and total pressure of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower fan;
i) Motor power of mechanical ventilation cooling tower;
j) Water drift rate of the eliminator.
4.3 Cooling tower performance test
4.3.1 The cooling tower performance test is to obtain the thermal characteristics and resistance characteristics of a certain type of cooling tower. Through the experiment, the cooling tower
The thermal performance relationship, thermal performance curve, resistance performance relationship and total tower resistance coefficient.
4.3.2 Measurement items of cooling tower performance test
The cooling tower performance test shall not only complete the items in 4.2.2, but also adjust the cooling water flow or fan air volume according to the actual situation to obtain
The thermal performance of the cooling tower under different air-water ratio conditions can be obtained.
4.4 Diagnosis and optimization test of cooling tower
4.4.1 The cooling tower diagnostic and optimization test is to perform performance test on the cooling tower that has a long running time and poor cooling effect and is ready for technical transformation.
Test. Through experiments, find out the defects of the cooling tower and propose improvement measures to improve the cooling capacity of the cooling tower.
4.4.2 Test items for cooling tower diagnostic optimization test
The cooling tower diagnostic optimization test can choose the items determined by the acceptance test and some items determined by the performance test.
4.5 Test calculation method and formula
The calculation method and formula for the cooling tower test shall comply with DL/T 1027.
Cooling tower optimization calculations should be given priority to the thermal performance equations of similar industrial towers. If there is no relevant information, the performance equations of tower core components
The selection should comply with DL/T 5525.
5 Cooling tower transformation
5.1 Through the thermal performance test of the cooling tower and the physical and mechanical performance test of the tower core components, analyze the existing problems of the cooling tower, and conduct the cooling tower
Renewal and technical transformation of tower core components.
5.2 Reasons for the decrease in cooling capacity of the cooling tower.
a) Damaged, falling, fouling and clogging of the water spray packing.
b) The spacing of the water spray filler sheet does not meet the design requirements.
c) The bonding and assembly method of water spray filler does not meet the design requirements.
d) The spray device is not installed properly and the spray is uneven.
e) The spray device is damaged or dropped.
f) The nozzle diameter of the spray device does not meet the design requirements.
g) The weld at the end of the water distribution pipe is cracked and leaking, and the water pressure of the spray device is insufficient.
h) Vortex is generated at the shaft of the main water tank, and the water flow in the water distribution pipe is unstable.
i) The overflow of the water tank using the tank water distribution method.
j) The siphon water distribution device cannot form a vacuum and cannot distribute water throughout the tower.
k) The connection between the water supply main pipe in the tower and the concrete ditch is damaged, and the hot water directly leaks into the tower pool.
l) Deformation of the eliminator affects the ventilation of the cooling tower.
m) The air volume of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower fan cannot meet the design requirements.
n) The shutters of the dry section of the dry-wet mechanical ventilation cooling tower are not closed tightly.
p) The cold air inlet door of the defogging mechanical ventilation cooling tower without dry section device is not closed tightly, and the partitions of the hot and cold sections in the tower are not opened.
5.3 Technical requirements for replacement of cooling tower core components.
a) Thermal performance test and physical and mechanical performance test of tower core components should be carried out before cooling tower transformation.
b) Select the types of tower core components to be replaced, and conduct economic comparisons of different transformation schemes to select the best scheme.
c) When using new tower core components, the laboratory performance test of the new tower core components shall be carried out, and the test methods and calculations shall comply with DL/T 933
Provisions.
d) The replaced tower core components should undergo physical and mechanical performance inspection.
e) The thermal performance acceptance test should be carried out after the cooling tower core components are replaced and modified.
5.4 When the core parts of the cooling tower are replaced and reconstructed with new water spray fillers, dewaterers, and splash devices, the core parts of the cooling tower in the laboratory shall be used.
Performance test report is the basis.
5.5 When the water spraying packing is replaced and reconstructed, the layout of the whole tower with equal height, the layout of unequal height and the distance between the water spraying packing pieces can be selected.
form.
5.6 When the spraying filler is arranged in unequal height, the distance from the top to the bottom of the spray device should not be less than 600mm.
5.7 When the water-sprinkling filler adopts different sheet spacing arrangements, the water-spray fillers with different sheet spacing should be distinguished by different colors.
5.8 Replacement construction of cooling tower core components
5.8.1 The construction of water spray filler, dewaterer and water distribution pipe shall be carried out in accordance with DL/T 5525 standard.
5.8.2 The installation distance between adjacent water spray filler brackets should not be greater than 250mm.
5.8.3 The distance between the water spray filler bracket and the tower wall and column beam should not be greater than 100mm.
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