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Regulation on Safety Technology for Large-scale Amusement Facilities
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TSG 71-2023: PDF in English TSG 71-2023
TSG
TECHNICAL SAFETY REGULATION FOR SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
Regulation on safety technology for large-scale amusement
facilities
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 29, 2023,
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 29,
2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 General ... 4
2 Materials ... 6
3 Design ... 7
4 Manufacturing ... 33
5 Installation, renovation, repair ... 44
6 Management of use ... 50
7 Inspection ... 58
8 Special item requirements ... 76
9 Supplementary provisions ... 96
Appendix A Classification and grading for large-scale amusement facilities ... 97
Appendix B Product quality certificate for large-scale amusement facilities ... 99
Appendix C Inspection opinion letter for large-scale amusement facilities ... 101
Appendix D Design document appraisal items and requirements for large-scale
amusement facility ... 102
Appendix E Design document appraisal certificate of large-scale amusement facilities
... 104
Appendix F Design document appraisal coverage parameter table ... 106
Appendix G Type test items and requirements for large-scale amusement facilities 109
Appendix H Special equipment type test certificate (large-scale amusement facilities)
... 113
Appendix J Type test coverage parameter table ... 115
Appendix K Supervisory inspection and periodic inspection items and requirements for
large-scale amusement facilities ... 116
Regulation on safety technology for large-scale amusement
facilities
1 General
1.1 Purpose
In order to ensure the safe use of large-scale amusement facilities, prevent and reduce
accidents, protect personal and property safety, promote economic and social
development, this Regulation is formulated, in accordance with the "Special Equipment
Safety Law of the People's Republic of China" and "Special Equipment Safety
Supervision Regulations".
1.2 Meaning of large-scale amusement facilities
The term "large-scale amusement facilities" as mentioned in this Regulation refers to
the equipment and facilities used for business purposes to carry passengers for
amusement; its scope is specified as the manned electromechanical amusement
equipment, water amusement facilities, unpowered amusement facilities (Note 1-3),
which have the designed maximum operating linear speed (Note 1-1) greater than or
equal to 2 m/s, or the operating height (Note 1-2) higher than or equal to 2 m. Equipment
and facilities used for sports, theatrical performances, non-business activities are
excluded. The specific categories and varieties are specified in the "Special Equipment
Catalog".
Large-scale amusement facilities include the body of the large-scale amusement facility,
ancillary equipment that is inseparable from its safe operation, decorations fixed on its
body, excluding the power distribution part, foundation and building (structure) part of
the large-scale amusement facility.
Note 1-1: The design maximum operating linear speed (hereinafter referred to as operating
speed) refers to the maximum linear speed, that passengers may experience during normal
operation of the designed large-scale amusement facilities.
Note 1-2: The operating height generally refers to the maximum vertical distance between the
passenger restraint supporting surface and the installation base surface during operation. For
large-scale amusement facilities installed on buildings (structures), the operating height refers
to the maximum vertical distance between the passenger restraint supporting surface and the
drop surface during the operating process. The operating height of the high-altitude bungee
refers to the maximum vertical distance between the take-off point and the water surface or the
ground with the lowest drop. The operating height of the water slide refers to the maximum
vertical distance between the take-off point and the water surface or the ground with the lowest
drop.
Note 1-3: The operating speed and operating height are generally judged, based on the product
design data of the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall ensure that the actual operating
parameters are consistent with the design data and parameters in the product quality
certification document.
1.3 Scope of application
This Regulation applies to the production (including design, manufacturing, installation,
modification, repair), use, inspection, testing, supervisory management of large-scale
amusement facilities.
Ancillary equipment of large-scale amusement facilities, if it belongs to other types of
special equipment (such as pressure vessels, pressure pipes, elevators, etc.), shall be
managed in accordance with the requirements of the corresponding equipment.
1.4 Classification and grading of large-scale amusement facilities
Large-scale amusement facilities are divided into grade A and grade B, according to the
corresponding categories, types, parameters. See the classification and grading table of
large-scale amusement facilities (Appendix A).
1.5 Relationship with technical standards and management systems
This Regulation stipulates the basic safety requirements for large-scale amusement
facilities. The technical standards and management systems of large-scale amusement
facilities shall not be lower than the requirements of this Regulation.
1.6 Handling of special situations
If large-scale amusement facilities use new materials, new technologies, or new
processes that are inconsistent with the requirements of this Regulation, or if this
Regulation does not make requirements and may have a significant impact on safety
performance, the relevant organizations shall make application to the State
Administration for Market Regulation (hereinafter referred to as SAMR). The State
Administration for Market Regulation shall entrust a safety technical consulting agency
or relevant professional institution to conduct a technical review. The review results
shall be approved by the State Administration for Market Regulation, before it can be
put into production and use.
1.7 Supervisory management
Organizations that produce, operate, use large-scale amusement facilities, as well as
inspection and testing agencies, etc., shall strictly implement this Regulation; accept
the supervisory management of the market supervisory management department;
submit relevant information in a timely manner in accordance with the relevant
provisions of the information management of special equipment.
2 Materials
2.1 General requirements
The selection of materials for large-scale amusement facilities shall be comprehensively
considered based on factors such as their load characteristics, structural type, stress state,
manufacturing process, working environment.
2.2 Metal materials
2.2.1 Steel
(1) Steel shall comply with relevant national or industry standards; its mechanical
properties, heat treatment properties, welding properties, etc. shall meet the
requirements of actual working conditions;
(2) When the thickness direction performance steel plate is used as the welded load-
bearing structural steel plate, the performance level in thickness direction shall
at least meet the requirements of Zl5 in GB/T 5313 "Steel plate with through-
thickness properties";
(3) It is prohibited to use boiled steel for structural parts.
2.2.2 Non-ferrous metals
Nonferrous metals shall comply with relevant national or industry standards. Their
mechanical properties, heat treatment properties, welding properties, wear resistance,
corrosion resistance, lubrication properties, etc. shall meet the requirements of actual
working conditions.
2.3 Non-metallic materials
2.3.1 Wood
Wood shall comply with the requirements of GB 50005 "Standard for design of timber
structures". Its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, combustion performance,
etc. shall meet the requirements of actual working conditions.
2.3.2 Engineering plastics
Structural engineering plastics shall comply with relevant national or industry standards.
Their mechanical properties, heat resistance, aging resistance, etc. shall meet the
requirements of actual working conditions.
2.3.3 Rubber
Rubber shall meet the requirements of relevant national or industry standards. Its
mechanical properties, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. shall meet the
requirements of actual working conditions.
2.3.4 Glass
The glass shall be made of plexiglass or safety glass that is not easily broken. The
plexiglass sheets shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 7134 "Poly (methyl
methacrylate) cast sheets". The safety glass shall comply with the requirements of GB
15763 "Safety glazing materials in building".
The mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, appearance quality of glass shall
meet the requirements of actual working conditions.
2.3.5 FRP
FRP materials and FRP parts shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The resin used to make fiberglass parts has good water resistance and aging
resistance;
(2) The fiberglass of the water slide slideway is made of alkali-free glass fiber; the
fiber surface has good wettability;
(3) FRP parts are not allowed to have defects such as poor impregnation, poor curing,
blisters, delamination on the cutting surface, uneven thickness, etc.;
(4) The surface of FRP is not allowed to have cracks, damage, exposed cloth lines,
wrinkles, uneven unevenness; it shall have smooth corner transitions, without
burrs;
(5) The mechanical properties of FRP meet the requirements of actual working
conditions.
3 Design
3.1 General requirements
(1) The manufacturer is responsible for the design of large-scale amusement facilities,
ensuring that the design of large-scale amusement facilities meets the
requirements of this Regulation and ensuring the safety of people and property;
(2) The design of large-scale amusement facilities shall be reasonable, convenient for
operation, maintenance, inspection and testing; meet the requirements of the use
site and environment;
(1) Normal operating conditions under no-load, partial load, full load conditions;
(2) Abnormal operating conditions under emergency stop, emergency rescue,
maintenance, etc.;
(3) Limit state conditions under local extreme conditions, such as typhoons and
earthquakes.
3.3.4 Load combinations
According to the working condition analysis, load combinations of various loads borne
by the large-scale amusement facility structure are analyzed and calculated separately.
Load combinations under abnormal operating conditions and limit state conditions shall
not cause damage or plastic deformation of the structure.
3.3.5 Static strength
For large-scale amusement facilities designed using the allowable safety factor method,
the static strength safety factor is n ≥ 5 for important shafts (pins) and important welds
(Note 3-2); the static strength safety factor is n ≥ 3.5 for other parts, welds and FRP;
the static strength safety factor n ≥ 8 for parts made of brittle materials.
For large-scale amusement facilities using the limit state design method, the static
strength of metal parts shall comply with the requirements of the limit state design
method in GB 8408 "Large-scale amusement device safety code".
The calculation of wooden structures shall comply with the requirements of GB 50005.
Note 3-2: The ratio -- of the material’s ultimate stress to the calculated maximum stress -- is the
static strength safety factor.
3.3.6 Fatigue strength
The main stressed parts and important welds shall be checked for fatigue strength.
When the maximum calculated stress of the cyclic load is less than the fatigue limit of
the material, the main stressed parts have an infinite life. When the maximum calculated
stress of the cyclic load is greater than the fatigue limit of the material, the design
service life of the main stressed components shall be calculated and analyzed in
conjunction with the fatigue load spectrum.
3.3.7 Stiffness
For components and structural parts with deformation requirements, it shall perform
stiffness calculations.
3.3.8 Stability
To prevent structural instability, overall and local stability calculations shall be
performed for slender, thin-walled structural members.
3.3.9 Anti-overturning
Large-scale amusement facilities, that are likely to overturn as a whole during operation,
shall undergo anti-overturning calculations.
3.3.10 Anti-slip sideways
Large-scale amusement facilities, that are likely to slip sideways during operation, shall
be subject to anti-sideslip calculations.
3.4 Speed and acceleration
3.4.1 Speed limit requirements
For large-scale amusement facilities that operate while loading and unloading
passengers OR synchronous platforms that assist passengers to get on and off, their
relative running speed shall not be greater than 0.3 m/s, to avoid damage to passengers
caused by excessive speed.
For large-scale amusement facilities with speed limits, their speeds shall comply with
relevant national standards.
3.4.2 Acceleration limit requirements
In order to prevent injuries to passengers caused by excessive acceleration or too long
duration, the acceleration and duration of passengers in large-scale amusement facilities
shall comply with the requirements of GB 8408.
3.5 Welding design
3.5.1 Welding joint design
(1) The weld metal shall be compatible with the base metal; welds made of different
materials shall also have measures to eliminate residual stress;
(2) The shape and size of the groove of the welded joint shall be reasonably designed,
based on the welding structure type, the importance of the weld, the welding
process method;
(3) When welding parts of unequal thickness or width are welded together, the cross-
sectional transition shall be gentle;
(4) Welded joints shall avoid or reduce stress concentration areas.
3.5.2 Weld grading
The grade of welds shall be determined through risk assessment, based on factors such
as the possibility of weld failure, the severity of failure consequences, the detectability
of the welds. Welds that directly involve personal safety are important welds. According
to the stress conditions and joint forms, important welds that are prone to damage or
failure due to severe stress conditions are grade I welds; the other important welds are
grade II welds. Those not involving personal safety are ordinary welds. According to
the stress conditions and joint forms, ordinary welds that are prone to damage or failure
due to severe stress conditions are grade III welds; the other ordinary welds are grade
IV welds.
3.6 Structural design
(1) The structural design of large-scale amusement facilities shall be reasonable to
avoid or reduce stress concentration;
(2) The stress-bearing frames such as the support for the passenger part, the car, the
vehicle shall be made of metal materials or other high-strength non-metallic
materials; it shall be a solid structure as a whole;
(3) The important shaft (pin) design shall have a reasonable structure and appropriate
transition fillets, to avoid excessive sudden changes in the cross-section and
reduce stress concentration;
(4) The dimensional accuracy, geometric tolerance, surface roughness of important
shafts (pins) and other parts shall meet the requirements of the working
conditions;
(5) The pin connections between parts shall have measures to prevent them from
falling off;
(6) Important bolt connections shall meet load requirements; measures shall be taken
to prevent bolt loosening; bolts shall have obvious anti-loosening signs after
installation;
(7) The strength and stiffness of the lifting parts of the parts shall meet the lifting
requirements, to prevent plastic deformation or fracture during lifting;
(8) FRP parts shall have sufficient strength when directly connected to structural parts;
otherwise, metal parts that meet the strength requirements need to be embedded
in advance;
(9) Parts that require regular inspection and non-destructive testing during use shall
be easy to inspect and detect; those that need to be disassembled shall be easy
to disassemble; there shall be measures to ensure the safety of parts that require
inspection and testing;
(10) The geometric dimensions of inspection holes and manholes shall meet
The roller chain that transmits power shall be calculated, based on the working
conditions of static strength, fatigue resistance, wear resistance, gluing resistance. The
selected roller chain shall meet the requirements of bearing capacity, transmission
power, interchangeability.
The sprocket shall match the roller chain. The center distance of the chain drive and the
tightness of the chain shall meet the requirements of actual working conditions.
3.7.2.3 Wire rope
(1) The material, structural form, appearance quality, mechanical properties, etc. of
the steel wire rope shall meet the requirements of actual working conditions, to
ensure the effectiveness, safety, reliability of the use of the steel wire rope and
its accessories. In corrosive environments, zinc-plated steel wire ropes or
stainless steel wire ropes shall be selected ;
(2) The diameter of the steel wire rope used for friction transmission shall not be less
than 10 mm; the diameter of the steel wire rope used for drum transmission shall
not be less than 6 mm;
(3) It shall consider the end fixation efficiency of the steel wire rope used for lifting
and hanging passenger devices; the end fixation shall be firm and reliable; the
ratio -- of the minimum breaking tension of the steel wire rope to the maximum
static load it can bear -- shall not be less than 10;
(4) The ratio -- of the diameter of the drum and pulley used to lift the passenger device
TO the diameter of the wire rope -- shall not be less than 30. When the angle of
the wire rope to the pulley is not greater than 90°, the ratio -- of the diameter of
the pulley to the diameter of the wire rope -- shall not be less than 20;
(5) If the lifting system of scooters and slides has an anti-retrograde device, the ratio
-- of the minimum breaking tension of the traction wire rope TO the maximum
static load it can bear -- shall not be less than 5;
(6) The terminal end of the wire rope shall have a margin of no less than 3 turns on
the drum. When pulley transmission or guidance is used, a structure shall be
installed to prevent the wire rope from falling off and jumping out from the
pulley;
(7) Large-scale amusement facilities that move along wire ropes shall be equipped
with safety devices to prevent the passenger devices from falling off; the safety
devices shall have sufficient strength.
3.7.2.4 Bearings
(1) Bearing design and selection shall consider factors such as load-bearing capacity,
speed, life, lubrication, temperature rise; it shall be able to meet actual working
conditions;
(2) The bearings and contact surfaces with relative movement shall have lubrication
measures; if lubricant needs to be added, it shall be easy to operate;
(3) For bearings that need to be replaced during use, clear replacement requirements
shall be given in the use and maintenance instructions.
3.7.3 Hydraulic (pneumatic) system
3.7.3.1 General requirements
(1) All components selected for the hydraulic (pneumatic) system shall be able to
operate reliably; failure or malfunction shall not cause danger, to ensure safe use;
(2) The hydraulic (pneumatic) system shall have an over-pressure protection device,
to ensure that the system pressure does not exceed the maximum allowable
pressure of the system and the rated pressure of any component. If the pressure
is lost or the pressure is too high, which will cause danger, the system shall take
protection measures to avoid putting personnel at risk;
(3) The design of the hydraulic (pneumatic) system shall reduce the influence of
impact; the impact pressure shall not cause danger;
(4) When the passenger device is lifted and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder or a
pneumatic cylinder, if the failure of pipes, hoses, pumps, etc. may cause danger
to passengers, effective buffer devices or protective devices shall be installed;
(5) For single-acting piston hydraulic cylinders or cylinders, a liquid (gas) outlet shall
be provided at an appropriate location, to avoid danger to personnel from
ejecting liquid or gas;
(6) For hydraulic (pneumatic) systems that drive the passenger system through
accumulator energy, it shall be able to automatically relieve the pressure of the
accumulator or reliably isolate the accumulator pressure, when loading or
unloading passengers or shutting down the machine (except for special
circumstances where pressure is still required, when loading or unloading
passengers or shutting down the machine).
3.7.3.2 Hydraulic system
(1) The operating temperature range of the hydraulic system and hydraulic
components shall not exceed the specified safe use limits; the equipment shall
be able to work normally, under the specified maximum or minimum ambient
temperature;
(2) The design of the hydraulic cylinder shall meet the requirements of actual working
conditions and avoid dangers caused by instability, looseness, accidental
pressurization, impact, vibration;
(3) The installation position of the hydraulic cylinder shall be convenient for
installation and adjustment, so that the reaction force of the load passes through
the center line of the hydraulic cylinder;
(4) The inflatable accumulator and its hydraulic schematic diagram shall have clear
text warning signs; if the failure of components or pipe joints in the inflatable
accumulator system will cause danger, THEN it shall take effective protective
measures;
(5) The rated pressure of pipelines, pipe joints, hoses and other parts shall not be
lower than the maximum working pressure of the system part where they are
located; the hose assembly shall comply with GB/T 3766 "Hydraulic fluid power
- General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components";
(6) Medium and high-pressure (≥ 12 MPa) hydraulic systems with large working flow
shall have hydraulic buffer protection measures, to avoid or reduce hydraulic
shocks generated when the system is started and valves are switched.
3.7.3.3 Pneumatic system
For systems with many pneumatic braking points, separate air storage tanks shall be
installed at multiple points, according to actual needs, to ensure that each braking device
can reach the rated working pressure.
3.8 Electrical and control systems
3.8.1 Basic requirements
The design of electrical and control systems shall meet the needs of operation control
and safety protection of large-scale amusement facilities, meanwhile comply with
relevant national or industry standards.
The design of wires and cables shall pay attention to the isolation and protection
between moving parts.
3.8.2 Electrical system
3.8.2.1 General requirements
(1) The electrical system shall be equipped with devices with corresponding electrical
safety protection functions (such as overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage,
phase loss, short circuit, leakage, overspeed, under-speed, interlocking, etc.) and
necessary sound and light alarm devices; the protection components in the
device shall match the protection characteristics;
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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