TB/T 1941-2013 PDF in English
TB/T 1941-2013 (TB/T1941-2013, TBT 1941-2013, TBT1941-2013)
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Tarpaulin for railway wagons
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TB/T 1941-2013: PDF in English (TBT 1941-2013) TB/T 1941-2013
TB
RAILWAY STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 03.220.30
S 93
Tarpaulin for railway wagons
ISSUED ON. FEBRUARY 20, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON. JUNE 01, 2013
Issued by. Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Technical requirements ... 4
4 Production ... 8
5 Inspection method ... 9
6 Inspection rules ... 15
7 Marks, folding and packaging as well as storage ... 20
Tarpaulin for railway wagons
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the technical requirements, production, test methods,
inspection rules, marks, folding and packaging as well as storage of tarpaulin
for railway wagons (including railway tarpaulin and self-contained tarpaulin,
hereinafter referred to as the tarpaulin).
This Standard is applicable to the design, production, management and testing
of the tarpaulin.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 2423.16-2008, Environmental testing - Part 2. Test methods - Test J
and guidance. Mold growth (IEC 60068-2-10.2005, IDT)
GB/T 3917.4-2009, Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 4.
Determination of tear force of tongue-shaped test specimens (Double tear
test) (ISO 13937-4.2000, IDT)
GB/T 8834-2006, Ropes - Determination of certain physical and mechanical
properties (ISO 2307.1990, IDT)
GB 15193.3-2003, Acute toxicity test
GB/T 19978, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Determination of
the puncture resistance
HG/T 3053-1999, Rubber or plastics coated fabrics Determination of
flexibility - Flat loop method [eqv ISO 5979.1982(1987)]
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Coated fabric
3.1.1 Base fabric
Eye ring material is stainless steel. The shape shall be flat and smooth. See
Table 1 for specifications. The eye ring is close to the edging rope and is firmly
mounted on the same plane of the tarpaulin. Large triangle cloth is sewn at the
corners of the four corners of the tarpaulin. Small triangle cloth is sewn at the
eye circles at both ends of the tarpaulin.
4.5 Elastic waist-rope production
Make elastic waist-rope according to Figure 5. The braided sleeve of the elastic
part and the middle part of the main rope are made by weaving method. Both
ends of the main rope are made by twisting. Braided rope sleeve and rubber
rod are closely stuck. The tethers at both ends of the rubber rod are respectively
extended from the braided sleeve and are connected with the main rope by a
horseshoe buckle. Horseshoe buckle is not less than 5 buckles. Elastic waist-
rope is overall without disconnection. The stretchability of the elastic part of the
braided rope sleeve shall ensure that the rubber rod is stretched by 300 mm
after being stretched by the braided sheath.
4.6 Rope docking
The end rope and the angle rope shall be firmly inserted after passing through
the eye socket. The butt joints shall be firmly connected, and the joints shall not
exceed 2. The buckles at all docks shall not be less than 8 buckles.
4.7 Rope head treatment
The rope head is wound 5 cycles with ramie or polyester thread, and then
stitched with 4 stitches. The end of the rope is thermally bonded and not loose.
4.8 Connection of pressure rope, elastic waist-rope and tarpaulin
Press the rope through the eye ring and the pressure rope cloth, knotting
outside the eye circle. The elastic waist-rope is connected to the tarpaulin
through the eye ring and the stringing cloth. After one end of the waist-rope is
worn out from the eye ring, the rope head is back again, passing between the
elastic waist-rope and the tarpaulin, and making a slip knot. After the other end
is worn out from the eye circle, make a dead knot back. The position of adjacent
two elastic waist-rope’s slip knot, dead knot shall stagger. After the elastic waist-
rope passes through the eye ring and the rope, the elastic part shall be naturally
relaxed.
5 Inspection method
5.1 Test environment conditions
The test shall be carried out at a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C, a relative humidity
Along with the tarpaulin width direction, take 5 points from left, center, right
positions to measure. Take the average of five measured data as the
measurement result, to the nearest of 0.001 mm.
5.5 Measurement of coated fabric mass
Along with the tarpaulin width direction, from left, center and right, extract 3
pieces of 100 mm × 100 mm specimens. Weigh five-level analytical balance to
weigh, to the nearest of 0.1 g. Take the arithmetic mean of 3 measurements
multiplied by 100, it shall be the mass of per square meter.
5.6 Measurement of breaking tensile force and breaking elongation of
coated fabric
Cut 5 pieces of 250 mm × 50 mm specimens along the length and width of the
tarpaulin. Mark a gauge length of 100 mm in the middle of each block. The
specimen is clamped to the test machine fixture with a 200 mm pitch and
stretched at 200 mm/min. Record the maximum load and the length of the line
when the specimen is pulled off. Take the experimental average of 5 tests as
the test result, to the nearest of 1 N.
5.7 Measurement of coated fabric tear resistance
Cut 5 pieces of 220 mm × 150 mm specimens along the length and width of the
tarpaulin (shall not be sampled within 150 mm from the edge of the fabric). The
starting point of the tear at the time of sampling is 15 mm from the reinforcing
wire. Every two specimens shall not contain yarns of the same length or width.
Use the method for calculation by electronic device according to 10.2 of GB/T
3917.4-2009. The value is calculated as 2 highs and 2 lows. Tensile at a speed
of 100 mm/min ± 10 mm/min, the sensitivity of the test machine is 10%. Take
the arithmetic mean of 5 tests as test result, to the nearest of 1 N. Each value
shall contain 2 peaks of reinforcing wire. If only one peak of reinforcing wire is
included, it shall be invalid.
5.8 Measurement of coated fabric softness
Cut 3 pieces of 600 mm x 100 mm specimens along the length and width of the
tarpaulin. Conduct the test according to the flat ring method in HG/T 3053-1999.
Measure the date of two points for each specimen. Calculate the arithmetic
mean as the test result respectively, to the nearest of 1 mm.
5.9 Measurement of waterproof performance
5.9.1 Coated fabric. cut 3 pieces of 200 mm x 200 mm specimens in the left,
center and right directions of the specimen along the width of the tarpaulin. Use
water pressure meter to test. Place the specimen on the lower platen, cover the
top cover and press it tightly. The water level gauge is at zero. Then, when it is
5.13 Measurement of water extraction properties of coated fabric
Cut 3 pieces of coated fabric specimens of 500 mm x 500 mm and 1 piece of
specimen with weld along the width of the tarpaulin. Soak in a container at room
temperature. Change water every 24 h. Take out after 144 h. Bake at 100°C ±
2°C for 60 min. Then, the specimens for waterproof performance, flame
retardant performance and cold resistance tests shall be respectively cut.
Perform waterproofing and flame retardancy tests according to the provisions
of 5.9 and 5.11. Conduct cold resistance test at -10°C according to the method
specified in 5.10.
5.14 Measurement of mold resistance of coated fabric
According to the method specified in GB/T 2423.16-2008.
5.15 Coated fabric toxicity test
According to the method specified in GB 15193.3-2003.
5.16 Measurement of weld peeling force
Cut 3 pieces of 200 mm x 40 mm specimens along the weld direction. Strip the
weld at 50 mm at one end of the specimen. The two peeled pieces are
respectively placed on the fixture of the testing machine. Strip at a tensile speed
of 200 mm/min ± 50 mm/min. The effective strip length of the specimen is at
least 70 mm. Calculate the arithmetic mean of each specimen. Take the
arithmetic mean of 3 specimens as the result of the test, to the nearest of 1 N.
5.17 Measurement of stringing cloth tensile strength
Take a specimen with a stringing cloth for testing. Apply force at 200 mm/min ±
50 mm/min. Record the maximum tensile force when the stringing cloth is
broken. The minimum of the three specimens is the result of this test, to the
nearest of 1 N.
5.18 Measurement of eye ring and base fabric connection strength
Cut 100 mm x 100 mm eye ring specimens on both sides of the tarpaulin. From
the edge of the tarpaulin, the direction of eye ring where it bears force is the
length of the specimen, and the eye ring is at the middle of the width of the
specimen. Simulate the actual stress of the eye ring. Apply force at a constant
speed of 50 mm/min. Record the maximum load when the eye ring is broken,
or the tarpaulin is damaged. The minimum of the three specimens is the result
of this test, to the nearest of 1 N.
5.19 Measurement of coated fabric puncture strength
Perform according to GB/T 19978. Cut 5 pieces of circular specimens with a
the nearest of 1 N. The elongation is taken as the arithmetic mean of 3
specimens as the result of the test.
5.21.2.2 Elastic properties and breaking tensile tests of elastic part. test the test
samples of the elastic part at normal temperature, 5 d after ultraviolet irradiation,
7 d at 70°C, and 7 d at low temperature -50°C. The pretreated specimen shall
start testing within 5 min.
Fix the pre-treated elastic part at room temperature on the tensile tester. Stretch
at 200 mm/min. Measure and record the elongation of the elastic part when the
force value reaches 500 N. Continue to stretch and measure its breaking force.
The elongation is taken as the arithmetic mean of three samples under various
conditions as the result of the test. The breaking force is taken as the result of
the test by taking the minimum value of the three samples under various
conditions, to the nearest of 1 N.
5.21.2.3 Reciprocating tensile fatigue test of elastic part. fix the elastic part at
normal temperature on the test machine; do the following reciprocating tensile
fatigue test. after stretching 300 mm at a speed of 500 mm/min, the original
length is restored, so that 1000 reciprocating stretchings are performed, and
the elongation of the elastic portion is measured after the test. Take the
arithmetic mean of 3 specimens as the result of the test. If the elastic part is
damaged during the test, the test is unqualified.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Product inspection is divided into exit-factory inspection and type inspection.
All kinds of inspection items are in accordance with Table 5.
6.2 The products of same raw material, delivered at the same time are as a
batch.
6.3 The type inspection should be conducted in one of the following cases.
a) when applying for new tarpaulin qualification;
b) when using a new coated fabric to make a tarpaulin (no rope inspection);
c) when there is a major change in the main raw materials or production
process of the coated fabric (no rope inspection);
d) when the new product is trial-produced;
e) when each batch of products is submitted for inspection (no coated fabric
anti-mildew test and toxicity test).
7.2.2 Self-prepared tarpaulin is marked as follows.
a) Tarpaulin front. apply a 150 mm wide yellow rail bar mark 200 mm from
the edge on both sides of the length direction. The name of the property
unit and the tarpaulin number are in the middle of the 450 mm or more
from the edge. The Chinese character is 400 mm high and 300 mm wide.
The number and symbol are 300 mm high, 210 mm wide, the word
spacing is 100 mm, and the upper and lower distance is 100 mm. Mark
tarpaulin numbers two-diagonally, 120 mm high, 85 mm wide, 50 mm word
spacing. Centered on both ends, mark the "Railway Self-prepared
tarpaulin" and acceptance number, 450 mm from the bottom edge,
Chinese characters are 170 mm high, 150 mm wide, digital height of 120
mm, width of 85 mm, Chinese character spacing of 35 mm, digital spacing
of 15 mm. See Figure 3.
b) Tarpaulin back. In the middle position, there are 9-digit tarpaulin numbers
120 mm high and 85 mm wide in the width direction, with a word spacing
of 20 mm; "15.0 m x 5.3 m" tarpaulin with a height of 120 mm and a width
of 85 mm, with a spacing of 35 mm; line spacing of 100 mm. There is
manufacturer name that is 170 mm high, 150 mm wide on two diagonals,
with word spacing of 50 mm. See Figure 4.
7.3 Folding and packaging
7.3.1 The front of the tarpaulin is flattened upwards, leaving two end ropes, and
the two sides of the length direction are folded toward the longitudinal centerline
of the tarpaulin.
7.3.2 Divide the folded sides into three equal parts and fold them twice toward
the center line.
7.3.3 Fold the sides of the tarpaulin the lateral direction of the tarpaulin. Then
each of them is continuously folded in the middle three times and then
compacted.
7.3.4 After folding, the number and small road emblem on the tarpaulin shall be
completely and clearly exposed. Dimension is approximately 1000 mm x 600
mm x 300 mm.
7.3.5 Bundle with reserved rope, cross on both sides, tighten tightly, shall not
be loose. The rope buckle must not fall off and the rope head shall be plugged.
7.4 Storage
The tarpaulin shall be stored indoors, the air shall be circulated, and shall not
be near the heat source.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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