QC/T 1161-2022 PDF English
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Technical specifications for green-design product assessment - Automobile
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QC/T 1161-2022: PDF in English (QCT 1161-2022) QC/T 1161-2022
QC
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 40
Technical specifications for green-design product assessment
- Automobile
ISSUED ON: APRIL 08, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2022
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 8
1 Scope ... 9
2 Normative references ... 9
3 Terms and definitions ... 10
4 Assessment methods and process ... 11
5 Assessment requirements ... 12
Annex A (normative) Automobile life cycle assessment method ... 16
Annex B (informative) Examples for product life cycle assessment report ... 22
Annex C (normative) List of high-risk parts of hazardous substances ... 24
Annex D (normative) List of parts exempted from hazardous substances ... 26
Bibliography ... 28
Technical specifications for green-design product assessment
- Automobile
1 Scope
This document specifies the assessment methods and assessment requirements for the
assessment of automotive green-design products.
This document is applicable to M1 gasoline/diesel vehicles and M1 pure electric
vehicles sold in China.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 1495, Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating motor
vehicles
GB 8702-2014, Regulations for electromagnetic radiation protection
GB 17167, General principle for equipping and managing of the measuring
instrument of energy in organization of energy using
GB 18352.6-2016, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty
vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 18386.1-2021, Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric
vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
GB/T 18697, Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside motor vehicles
GB/T 19001, Quality management systems - Requirements
GB/T 19233, Measurement methods of fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles
GB/T 19515, Road vehicles - Recyclability and recoverability - Calculation method
GB 19578, Fuel consumption limits for passenger cars
GB/T 23331, Energy management system requirements and guidelines
GB/T 24001, Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for
use
GB/T 24044-2008, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment -
Requirements and guidelines
GB/T 26988, Marks for recoverability of automobile parts
GB/T 27630, Guideline for air quality assessment of passenger car
GB/T 45001, Occupational health and safety management systems - Requirements
with guidance for use
GB/T 30512, Requirements for prohibited substances on automobiles
GB/T 32161-2015, General principles for eco-design product assessment
GB/T 32162, Labeling for eco-design product
GB/T 37130-2018, Measurement methods for electromagnetic fields of vehicle with
regard to human exposure
QC/T 1157-2022, Method of calculating comprehensive energy consumption for unit
output of automobile products
QC/T 1158-2022, Method of calculating comprehensive water consumption for unit
output of automobile products
HJ/T 400, Determination of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds
in cabin vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 green-design
the activity that, in accordance with the concept of the full life cycle, in the product
design and development stage, systematically considers the impact of raw material
selection, production, sales, use, recycling, disposal and other links on the resource
environment, and strives to minimize resource consumption, uses as little or no raw
materials containing toxic and harmful substances as possible to reduce the generation
and discharge of pollutants, so as to achieve environmental protection
3.2 green-design product
products that meet the green-design concept and assessment requirements
3.3 life cycle
successive stages in a product system from the acquisition of raw materials from nature
or from natural resources to final disposal
[Source: GB/T 24044-2008, 3.1]
3.4 life cycle assessment
the compilation and assessment of the inputs, outputs and their potential environmental
impacts during the life cycle of a product system
[Source: GB/T 24044-2008, 3.2]
3.5 automobile life cycle assessment model
a mathematical model for life cycle assessment of automotive products developed based
on life cycle assessment methods
3.6 field data
product life cycle activity data obtained by means of direct quantitative measurement
[Source: GB/T 24044-2008, 3.5]
3.7 background data
product lifecycle data obtained from sources other than direct measurement
[Source: GB/T 24044-2008, 3.6]
4 Assessment methods and process
4.1 Assessment methods
Green-design products shall be assessed by a combination of indicator assessment and
life cycle assessment. Green-design products shall meet the following three
requirements at the same time:
- Manufacturers of green-design products shall meet the basic requirements in 5.1.
- Green-design products shall meet the assessment indicator requirements in 5.2.
- Carry out life cycle assessment of automotive products according to the method in
Annex A. Write and provide product life cycle assessment report. The report shall
meet the requirements of Chapter 6 of GB/T 32161-2018. See Annex B for an
example of an automotive product lifecycle report.
Annex A
(normative)
Automobile life cycle assessment method
A.1 Overview
Conduct vehicle life cycle assessment based on vehicle life cycle assessment standards,
methods or models. The process of life cycle assessment shall include determination of
purpose and scope, list analysis, impact assessment. The vehicle life cycle assessment
model can be used for assessment.
A.2 Purpose and scope determination
A.2.1 Purpose
By assessing the environmental impact of the life cycle, it provides support for the
improvement of automobile ecology and the improvement of the eco-friendliness of
automobiles.
A.2.2 Functional unit
Transportation service provided by driving 1 km during the lifetime of a vehicle. Life
cycle mileage is calculated as 1.5 km × 105 km.
A.2.3 System boundaries
This document includes the acquisition of raw materials, vehicle production, and use of
automobiles into the scope of accounting. It does not include carbon emissions from
infrastructure such as roads and workshops, equipment in various processes, personnel
in the factory area, and living facilities.
A.2.3.1 Raw material acquisition stage boundary
In the raw material acquisition stage, that is, the acquisition of resources and the
production stage of materials, the system boundary includes processes such as resource
extraction, processing and purification, and manufacturing. The following 22 material
categories for parts listed in Table A.1 of this document: steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy,
magnesium alloy, copper and copper alloy, PP, PA, PE, PVC, PU, glass, rubber, carbon
black, refrigerant, lead, sulfuric acid, ternary material, lithium iron phosphate, lithium
manganate, lithium cobaltate, graphite and lithium hexafluorophosphate. Other
homogeneous materials whose mass ratio is higher than 50% of the parts and which do
not belong to the above 22 materials shall also be included in the calculation scope. The
system boundaries of material production and manufacturing are resource mining,
processing and purification, and manufacturing processes, excluding the links of use
A.3 List analysis
A.3.1 Overview
A list of all material/energy inputs and emissions within the system boundary shall be
compiled as a basis for vehicle life cycle assessment.
A.3.2 Data collection
A.3.2.1 Overview
Data from the following stages shall be included in the data list:
a) The raw material acquisition stage, including the acquisition of resources and the
production of materials.
b) The production phase, including the production of complete vehicles.
c) The use stage, including fuel production, fuel use, and tire replacement, lead-acid
battery replacement, and refrigerant escape and replacement.
A.3.2.2 Field data collection
The data that shall be obtained directly from the enterprise are field data.
Field data sources include:
a) Consumables list and list/stock changes.
b) Purchasing and sales department.
c) Product BOM.
A.3.2.3 Background data collection
Background data are not directly measured or calculated data. Background data may be
industry average data. The source of the data used shall be clearly documented and
included in the product life cycle assessment report.
A.3.2.4 Data allocation
A.3.2.4.1 There is a unit process in the production process of automobile products that
produces two or more products at the same time. But the input raw materials and energy
are not separated (for example, to increase the utilization rate of materials, the stamping
process adopts the method of one die and multiple parts to produce products such as
fenders, roof beams and door reinforcement plates at the same time). There will also be
situations where there are multiple input channels and only one output (for example,
there are various sources of wastewater in wastewater treatment workshops). In these
cases, the data required for list calculations are not directly available. The data for these
processes must be allocated according to certain relationships.
A.3.2.4.2 The list is based on a material balance of inputs and outputs. The allocation
relationship needs to reflect the basic relationship and characteristics of this input and
output. The main principles of allocation are as follows:
a) Processes common to other product systems shall be identified. Handled
according to the allocation procedure.
b) The sum of inputs and outputs in a unit process must be equal before and after
allocation.
c) If several allocation procedures are available, the allocation method used and the
reasons for its selection shall be described.
d) Multiple output: Allocation is based on changes in resource consumption and
pollutant emissions following changes in the products, functions, or economic
relevance of the system under study (such as change to quantity allocation for
some major parts or change to surface area allocation for some parts).
e) Multiple inputs: Allocation is based on actual relationships. For example,
emissions from production processes are affected by changes in incoming waste
streams.
A.3.2.4.3 Processing data allocation is generally carried out according to the following
procedures:
a) Avoid or minimize occurrences of allocations as much as possible. For example:
① Further decompose the unit process that was originally divided when
collecting data, so as to exclude those units that are not related to system functions.
② Expand the product system boundary to include some units that were
originally excluded from the system.
b) Allocate them in a way that reflects their physical relationship, for example, the
proportional relationship of product quality, quantity, volume, area and calorific
value.
c) When the physical relationship cannot be determined or cannot be used as the
basis for distribution, use its economic relationship for allocation, such as product
output value or profit ratio relationship. But this method has high uncertainty. In
general, the economic allocation method is not recommended.
A.3.2.5 Data calculation
Carbon emissions in the life cycle of vehicles shall be calculated according to formula
(A.1). It can also be calculated according to the vehicle life cycle assessment model.
Calculated results are rounded (rounded) to two decimal places:
Annex B
(informative)
Examples for product life cycle assessment report
B.1 Preparation basis
The vehicle life cycle assessment report shall be compiled according to the given life
cycle assessment functional units, accounting scope, data and data quality requirements.
B.2 Report content framework
B.2.1 Basic information
The report shall provide basic information such as report information, applicant
information, assessment object information, adopted standard information. Report
information shall include report number, name of preparer, name of reviewer and date
of issue. Applicant information shall include full company name, unified social credit
code, address, contact name and contact information.
The main technical parameters and functions of the product shall be marked in the
report, including vehicle model, sales model, registered trademark, time to market,
energy type, fuel type, traction battery type, traction battery capacity and traction
battery quality of automotive products.
B.2.2 Compliance assessment
The compliance with the basic requirements and assessment indicator requirements
shall be provided in the report. Provide a description of the improvement in the
reporting period compared to the base period for all assessment indicators.
B.2.3 Life cycle assessment
B.2.3.1 Assessment objects and tools
The report shall describe the assessed object, functional unit and product performance
in detail. Make a list to state the material composition and technical parameters of the
product. Draw and illustrate the system boundaries of the product.
Disclose the computational tools used, such as the vehicle life cycle assessment model.
B.2.3.2 Life cycle list analysis
The life cycle stage considered shall be provided in the report. Describe the list factors
considered at each stage and field or background data collected. Where data allocation
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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