QC/T 1149-2021 PDF in English
QC/T 1149-2021 (QC/T1149-2021, QCT 1149-2021, QCT1149-2021)
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Special purpose vehicles for transporting large indivisible loads
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QC/T 1149-2021: PDF in English (QCT 1149-2021) QC/T 1149-2021
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.080.10
T 43
Special purpose vehicles for transporting large indivisible
loads
ISSUED ON: MAY 17, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2021
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
Introduction ... 6
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions... 8
4 Model representation method of trailers for transporting large indivisible loads ... 11
5 Requirements ... 11
6 Test methods ... 15
7 Inspection rules ... 16
8 Others ... 17
9 Storage ... 17
Special purpose vehicles for transporting large indivisible
loads
1 Scope
This document specifies the terms and definitions of special purpose vehicles for
transporting large indivisible loads, as well as the model representation method,
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, large-scale transport signs, signs and
identifications, vehicle identification numbers, certificates, accompanying documents
and storage of special purpose vehicles for transporting large indivisible loads.
This document applies to special purpose vehicles for transporting large indivisible
loads on the road.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest
version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for road vehicles
GB/T 4606 Road vehicles - 50 semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling pin - Basic and
mounting/interchangeability dimensions
GB/T 4607 Road vehicles - 90 semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling pin - Basic and
mounting/interchangeability dimensions
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signaling
devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 5053.1 Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of towing and
towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 24 N (normal) for vehicles with 24 V nominal
supply voltage
GB/T 5054.3 Road vehicles -- Multicore connecting cables -- Part 3: Construction,
dimensions and marking of unscreened sheathed low-voltage cables
GB 7258 Safety specifications for power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial
products
GB/T 12539 Motor vehicles steep hill climbing test method
GB 12676 Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial vehicle and
trailer braking systems
GB/T 13881 Road vehicles - Pneumatic braking connections between towing
vehicles and trailers
GB 16735 Road vehicle - Vehicle identification number (VIN)
GB/T 20070 Road vehicles - Mechanical coupling between tractors and semi-trailers
- Interchangeability
GB/T 21085 Qualified certificate of vehicle
GB 23254 Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers
GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 31879 Road vehicles - General technical requirements for fifth wheel
GB/T 31883 Road vehicles - Drawbar couplings, drawbar eyes, fifth wheel kingpins,
hook couplings and toroidal eyes - Wear limits for in-use mechanical couplings
GB/T 32860 Road vehicles - Interchangeability of drawbar couplings
JB/T 5943 Engineering machinery general technical specifications for weldments
QC/T 484 Automotive paint coating
QC/T 913 General technical specifications for platform trailer with hydraulic
suspension
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions, as defined in GB/T 31879, QC/T 913, as well as the
following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Large indivisible load transport
A kind of road transport, where at least one of the parameters of the total length,
total width, total height, total mass, axle load of the vehicle and load exceeds the
requirements in GB 1589, when carrying a single indivisible load.
5.1.4 External lighting and light signal devices, tail sign boards and reflective signs
shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 4785, GB 25990, GB 23254,
respectively.
5.2 Structure
5.2.1 The number of axles of tractors for transporting large indivisible loads shall not
be less than 3; the half or more of the axles shall be the drive axles.
5.2.2 For the special purpose low deck semi-trailers for transporting large indivisible
loads, which have rigid suspension and leaf spring suspension, the number of axes shall
not be greater than 5. When the number of axes is greater than 3, the other axes shall
have follow-up steering or self-steering function.
5.2.3 The trailer for transporting large indivisible loads can adopt the vertical telescopic
or horizontal expansion structure. Steel structural parts, such as load-bearing platforms
and accessories, shall have sufficient strength and rigidity; they shall not be damaged,
cracked, or permanently deformed, under normal use conditions.
5.2.4 Shackles, eyelets or limit blocks, etc. shall be provided on the carrying platform
of the trailer for transporting large indivisible loads. Its structure, strength, quantity,
location shall ensure that the carried equipment can be easily and reliably fixed;
meanwhile it shall be equipped with lifting lug for hoisting.
5.3 Connections
5.3.1 The mechanical connections shall have sufficient strength and rigidity. They shall
match the total mass and bearing mass of the towed trailer. The mutual connection shall
be firm and reliable.
5.3.2 The specifications and models of the towing connector, the tow bar hanger, the
tow seat, the tow pin shall match the mass of the towing vehicle and its towed trailer.
The tractor for transporting of large indivisible loads shall adopt the No.50 or No.90
towing seat, in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 31879. The semi-trailer shall
use No.50 traction pins, in accordance with GB/T 4606, or the No.90 traction pins, in
accordance with GB/T 4607.
5.3.3 The interchangeability of the mechanical connection between the tractor and the
semi-trailer shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 20070. The interchangeability of
the drawbar connector shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 32860.
5.3.4 There shall be no visible cracks in mechanical connectors, such as traction
connectors, drawbar hanger, traction seat's traction pins, connecting hooks, annular
holes; their wear limit shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31883.
5.3.5 The hydraulic gooseneck shall have the function of pitching and swinging, to
adapt to the lifting adjustment of the working stroke of the hydraulic suspension. It shall
be able to provide a suitable load to the traction seat, to ensure the normal use of the
tractor. The maximum hinged angle of the hydraulic gooseneck, as relative to the tractor,
shall not be less than 70°.
5.3.6 The steering end beam shall meet the following requirements:
a) The steering end beam shall have the limit mark of the maximum allowable total
towed mass;
b) The maximum hinged angle of the steering end beam drawbar shall not be less
than 45°; there shall be a reliable limit device at its extreme position;
c) The drawbar of the steering end beam shall be provided with brackets or
supporting wheels; the installation shall be firm and reliable; it shall be able to be
retracted when driving.
5.3.7 The mechanical connections shall be equipped with a safety device, to prevent the
motor vehicle from being disconnected, due to vibration and impact, during driving.
5.3.8 The electrical connectors between tractors, trailers, modular unit vehicles shall
comply with the provisions of GB/T 5053.1. The multi-core cables shall comply with
the provisions of GB/T 5054.3.
5.3.9 The pneumatic brake pipe connector, between the tractor and the trailer, shall
comply with the provisions of GB/T 13881.
5.4 Axle load
5.4.1 For the single axle of the tractor for transporting large indivisible loads, the
maximum allowable axle load shall not be greater than 10000 kg, when using a single
tire; the maximum allowable axle load shall not be greater than 13000 kg, when using
twin tires. When the total mass of the transportation vehicle combination is more than
100000 kg, the drive axle of the tractor for transporting large indivisible loads adopts
twin tires, AND the nominal section width of the tire is not less than 375 mm, the
maximum allowable axle load of a single axle is not more than 16500 kg; meanwhile,
the total load capacity of the tires of the axle shall be greater than the axle load of the
axle (calculated by the actual level).
5.4.2 The maximum allowable axle load of a trailer for transporting large indivisible
loads, without a spool structure, shall not be greater than 13000 kg. For the trailer for
transporting large indivisible loads, which adopt the spool structure, the allowable
average axle load of each axis (1 line, 2 axles, 8 tires) shall not be greater than 18000
kg, AND the maximum allowable axle load shall not be greater than 20000 kg.
5.5 Dynamic performance
5.5.1 When the total mass of the vehicle combination for transporting of large
axles, the braking performance shall comply with the provisions of GB 12676. For the
tractor for transporting large indivisible loads, which have more than 4 axles, the no-
load braking distance at the initial braking speed of 30 km/h shall be not more than 9.5
m. Any part of the tractor for transporting large indivisible loads (except the part not
included in the width of the vehicle) shall not exceed the test channel of the vehicle
width (m) + 0.5 m.
5.6.8 In the no-load state, the parking brake device of the trailer for transporting large
indivisible loads shall be able to ensure that, it can be kept stationary in the forward and
backward directions, along a ramp which has a gradient of 8% AND an adhesion factor
between tire and pavement of not less than 0.7, for a duration of not less than 2 min.
5.7 Other requirements
5.7.1 Hydraulic suspension trailers shall comply with the provisions of QC/T 913.
5.7.2 The pipelines of hydraulic, electrical, pneumatic systems shall be neatly arranged,
reasonably connected, firmly connected. Each component and assembly shall be
disassembled and assembled independently and easy to maintain.
5.7.3 The paint coating of the trailer shall comply with the relevant provisions of QC/T
484. The welding seam shall comply with the relevant provisions of JB/T 5943. All
exposed ferrous metal parts shall be subjected to anti-corrosion treatment.
6 Test methods
6.1 Strength test
6.1.1 Under the condition that the structural parts, such as the bearing platform, bear
1.1 times the rated load, the special vehicle for transporting large indivisible loads runs
for 30 km at a speed of 10 km/h. Record whether the structural parts work normally,
whether there is abnormal noise, whether there is damage, cracks or permanent
deformation, whether there is oil leakage in the hydraulic system.
6.1.2 The bearing platform and other structural parts bear 1.2 times the rated load, for
24 h of heavy load static test. Record whether the structure works normally, whether
there is abnormal noise, whether there is damage, cracks, or permanent deformation,
whether there is oil leakage in the hydraulic system.
6.2 Climbing test
The climbing test method shall be carried out, in accordance with the provisions of
GB/T 12539.
6.3 Brake test
According to the specified items, each special purpose vehicles for transporting large
indivisible loads shall be subject to exit-factory inspection. It can only leave factory,
after passing the inspection and being accompanied with the certificate.
8 Others
8.1 Transporting mark for large indivisible loads
Special purposes vehicle for transporting large indivisible loads shall have reflective
signs, which have the words "transporting large indivisible loads"; the background color
is yellow; it shall use the standard Chinese characters; the character color shall be black.
8.2 Sign plate and identification
8.2.1 The product sign plate of special purposes vehicles for transporting large
indivisible loads shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258. It shall also be equipped
with the sign plates or identifications of parameters, such as the vehicle identification
number (VIN), type (retractable or extendable), outline size (variable), axle load.
8.2.2 The installation location of the sign plate or identification shall be indicated in the
product instruction manual.
8.3 Vehicle identification number and certificate
The tractors for transporting large indivisible loads, the trailers for transporting large
indivisible loads, the modular unit vehicles shall have a unique vehicle identification
code and a motor vehicle exit-factory certificate. The content and composition of the
vehicle identification number shall comply with the provisions of GB 16735; the
engraving position shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258; motor vehicle's exit-
factory certificate shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 21085.
8.4 Accompanying documents
8.4.1 It shall include product instruction manual and related documents of supporting
equipment.
8.4.2 The product instruction manual shall be written, in accordance with the provisions
of GB/T 9969; the content shall conform to the provisions of GB 7258. It shall also
include parameters, such as the number of axles, wheelbase, number of tires, installation
location requirements for sign plates and identifications, as well as the use methods,
maintenance requirements, precautions.
9 Storage
When the special purpose vehicle for transporting large indivisible loads is parked for
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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